Can Blanche Become AG & Deadly ICE Traffic Stops

16 Jul 2026 · 37 min · 13 chapters

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In short

This episode (Bloomberg Law with June Grosso) focuses on two legal/policy controversies: (1) the confirmation fight over Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche and (2) ICE’s use of vehicle/traffic stops amid fatal shootings.

Guests and backgrounds

Amy Powell, litigation director at Lawyers for Good Government; former senior trial counsel at the U.S. Department of Justice. Leon Fresco, immigration attorney at Holland & Knight; previously head of the Office of Civil Immigration Litigation during the Obama administration.

Key claims and notable examples

  • Powell argues Blanche’s hearing didn’t prove the “weaponization fund” is dead, citing his failure to fully disclaim the fund/settlement status and a Florida judge’s scathing opinion. She also criticizes the DOJ’s Epstein files release process after victim identities were exposed, and raises concerns about DOJ independence and judge criticism.
  • Fresco explains DHS reversed a brief pause on most ICE traffic stops after two fatal shootings: Lorenzo Salgado Araujo (Houston) and Johann Sebastian Duran Guerrero (Maine). He claims ICE officers lack police-style traffic-stop training, and that immunity limits accountability; he notes no ICE officers have been charged despite multiple deaths.

Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.

Chapters

Tap a time to open that second in VO

Questioning Todd Blanche's Integrity

1:00 to 1:54

A discussion on Todd Blanche's performance and integrity as Acting Attorney General.

“For midsize and large companies, that isn't always easy.”

Questioning Todd Blanche's Integrity

2:07 to 3:02

A discussion on Todd Blanche's performance and integrity as Acting Attorney General.

“what happened to the Todd Blanche who was a prosecutor in the Southern District of New York?”

Senate Confirmation Hearing Insights

3:02 to 4:00

Analysis of the contentious Senate confirmation hearings for Todd Blanche.

“With Democrats on the Judiciary Committee united against Blanche, he can't afford to lose even one Republican vote.”

Weaponization Fund Controversy

4:00 to 5:01

The implications and questions surrounding the controversial weaponization fund.

“There should not be any reason why, based on what Mr.”

Concerns Over Immunity Grants

5:01 to 7:38

Discussion on the implications of potential immunity granted to Todd Blanche and associates.

“In fact, when he was specifically asked that question by Senator Cornyn what the status of the settlement agreement was, he failed to disclaim it entirely.”

Judge's Criticism of Blanche's Conduct

7:38 to 8:33

Analysis of a judge's criticism of Todd Blanche's handling of the weaponization fund.

“They're not like granting blanket immunity to the president and his family member, especially for things that weren't part of the underlying lawsuit.”

Bungled Epstein Files Release

8:33 to 12:02

Examination of the mishandling of Epstein files and its implications.

“some dispute with the Postal Service about what postages do.”

Blanche's Confirmation Hearing Insights

15:25 to 25:54

Explore the uncertainties surrounding Todd Blanche's confirmation as Attorney General.

“Whether or not Todd Blanche will be confirmed as the next attorney general, remains uncertain after two days of confirmation hearings.”

ICE Traffic Stops and Fatalities

25:54 to 28:00

Discuss the recent fatal incidents involving ICE agents during traffic stops and policy changes.

“At least 10 people have died in encounters with immigration agents since President Trump launched his mass deportation campaign last year.”

ICE Traffic Stops and Public Safety

28:00 to 31:04

Explore the controversial methods and implications of ICE traffic stops.

“And DHS said that the driver was posing a threat, whereas other witnesses say that that version is not true and you have multiple investigations that were open.”
Show all 13 chapters

Policy Changes under Trump Administration

31:04 to 35:08

Discuss the impact of Trump’s policy changes on ICE operations and public perception.

“shoot into a car if the driver poses an immediate deadly threat to the officer or others.”

Accountability of ICE Agents

35:08 to 39:49

Examine the lack of accountability for ICE agents involved in violent incidents.

“And so I do think as a practical matter, you will see changes to how these are done, because they were really trying to roll them out in sort of a pilot program to replace the House arrest.”

Accountability of ICE Agents

40:03 to 41:02

Examine the lack of accountability for ICE agents involved in violent incidents.

“And that's it for this edition of the Bloomberg Law Show.”
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Transcript

Automatic transcript. May contain errors.

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1:34That means working with companies to identify where they're exposed, decide what matters most, and put practical standards in place so risk is managed as part of day-to-day operations. And when losses do happen, the Hartford can pair that risk control work with insurance coverage grounded in underwriting, risk engineering, and claims experience developed over time. Learn more at thehartford.com slash risk mitigation. This is Bloomberg Law with June Grosso from Bloomberg Radio. And what I don't understand, Todd Blanche, what happened to the Todd Blanche who was a prosecutor in the Southern District of New York?

2:14What happened to the prosecutor people had respect for? What happened to the prosecutor who once respected the rule of law? What happened to the prosecutor who said that there wouldn't be a whiff of political partisanship and then prosecutes the president's enemies over seashells, cases, over making a video stating the plain law and constitution? What happened to the Todd Blanche of the Southern District of New York that could convert him into you? You asked me what happened to Todd Blanche. I am still here. I am the same exact person I was when I was a federal prosecutor in the SDNY, which is do the right thing and do everything you can to keep communities safe.

2:53So when I was a line prosecutor, when I was a supervisor, when I was the head of a division, my motivation and my goal was the same thing.

3:01Amy Powell:Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche faced some tough questions at his confirmation hearings from Democratic senators like Adam Schiff over his brief but tumultuous tenure over the Justice Department. The questions focused on whether Blanche could be independent of President Trump, his former client, the$1.8 billion anti-weaponization fund he created, the bungle release of the Epstein files, and the prosecution of the president's political enemies. With Democrats on the Judiciary Committee united against Blanche, he can't afford to lose even one Republican vote. Republican Senator John Cornyn says he hasn't decided how to vote yet.

3:46Amy Powell:And Republican Senator Tom Tillis gave Blanche an ultimatum today. Meet with the Epstein survivors or you won't get my vote. I expect that meeting to occur before I'm willing to vote out of this committee. And I'm trying to get to yes, but this is a very important part of getting to yes. There should not be any reason why, based on what Mr. Blanche said yesterday, If he said that he would do it today, then he can certainly do it over the next two weeks. Joining me is Amy Powell, litigation director at Lawyers for Good Government. She's a former senior trial counsel at the Justice Department. I'll start with the broad question, Amy.

4:26Amy Powell:What did Blanche demonstrate to you in this five-hour contentious hearing? Well, not much changed in my view, right? He is trying to present himself as a serious career professional, but his actions belie that. He assured the senators under oath this time that the weaponization fund is dead, but he would not explain the mechanism for that. He didn't say he has rescinded it by order. He did not say the settlement agreement is dead and unenforceable because I never had authority to enter it. In fact, when he was specifically asked that question by Senator Cornyn what the status of the settlement agreement was, he failed to disclaim it entirely.

5:11Which means, as far as I'm concerned, that the weaponization fund is not necessarily dead. The plaintiffs in that case, Donald Trump and his family and associates, could sue to enforce the settlement agreement. Now, I don't think the settlement agreement is enforceable or a valid settlement agreement or that he had authority to enter it. Neither he nor Stanley Woodward did. But that doesn't mean someone won't try to enforce it. And that doesn't mean this Justice Department wouldn't attempt to settle it in the future. To my mind, that means the Weaponization Fund is not dead and they haven't put forward any proof to the contrary.

5:47Amy Powell:I think more questions were asked about the Weaponization Fund than anything else when there are so many other things to ask him about. Why has that become such a focus for the senators? It's a good question, to which I don't necessarily have the answer. My sense as armchair psychologist is that that level of corruption strikes a nerve with Republican senators and others among their constituents who might be sympathetic to Trump, that Todd Blanche and the administration are using the Justice Department to pay out unearned money to the Trump family and to friends and associates. The level of corruption is something that is hard to square with their public responsibilities.

6:33Certainly senators like Tillis and Cornyn have been extremely critical of the weaponization fund from the outset. While I understand Tillis has said he is at least partially satisfied, he hadn't formally made up his mind. Senator Cornyn seems not to be, and I'm glad to hear that.

6:50Amy Powell:While a lot of time was spent on the weaponization fund, not that much time was spent on the tax agreement. that we've talked about before, which he defended. And he said, you know, it's going forward. But he said it's part of any settlement. It doesn't appear to be part of the settlement, right? It's not mentioned in the settlement agreement. What is the status of this document? So certainly, Blanche seemed to confirm that he views it as part of the settlement, and therefore that he views the settlement as an enforceable contract and that this piece of it is still alive. I think that should outrage anyone who's paying attention, that they've offered this sort of blanket immunity to Trump and associates, just potentially a very broad category, not just his family members in ways that are certainly not consistent with DOJ policy or longstanding practice, but also just not consistent with ordinary conceptions of justice, what the Justice Department ought to be up to protecting the rule of law and the American taxpayer and the public fisc, things they ought to be up to.

7:51They're not like granting blanket immunity to the president and his family member, especially for things that weren't part of the underlying lawsuit. Even if one had some outrage towards the government for some contractor's leak of Trump's tax returns, right, that would not justify in any sense like blanket immunity for the president and his family members for anything that they may have done wrong in the past. And I hesitate to call it agreement because it's not actually mentioned in the agreement. This waiver language appears to attempt to confer immunity for things wholly unrelated to the dispute over the leak of his tax returns or the alleged leak of his tax returns.

8:33It grants immunity for anything he or a family member may be investigated for, whether that is, you know, improper tax returns anytime in the past several years, or it is a parking ticket from the National Park Service or some dispute with the Postal Service about what postages do. The sort of blanket immunity for him and his family members is wild and wildly disconnected to the underlying dispute.

9:00Amy Powell:His hearing on Tuesday came after on Monday a Florida judge issued a scathing opinion on the weaponization fund and his role in it, saying he abdicated his responsibility to zealously defend the interests of the United States. There was a conflict of interest because he had been Trump's personal attorney, and she sent her decision to the Bar Association in New York, which Blanche kind of fluffed off. He said it's not really a referral. So he's probably correct that it is not technically a referral. It's not technically sanctions against him. And that is because, I think, as the court noted, neither he nor any other government attorney ever actually entered an appearance in the case.

9:45The only filings on the docket are from the plaintiff's attorneys, who are also Trump's attorneys, right? But Todd Blanche used to be his attorney, and Stan Woodward is not his attorney, but is effectively acting as one in this case by all appearances. So because there are active investigations of their contact in their respective bar associations, she sent along her orders an FYI to those investigators, even though they were not technically subject to her jurisdiction because they were not in court in front of her and never made an appearance. I think that's a fairly strong indicator of what this particular judge thinks on the matter and sort of stays within the lines, I think, of what she thinks she is permitted to do.

10:26It will be interesting to see what the Justice Department does with this order otherwise. It doesn't do a whole lot, right? Like it refers to the bar, one of the plaintiff's attorneys. One's referred to the bar. One is prevented from being admitted pro hoc vice in the future because he's not currently admitted in Florida. He was just appearing by permission. It proposes some monetary sanctions, but doesn't actually impose them. And it's unclear whether there will be any. And it has this language about preventing referring to the agreement as a settlement agreement. While I certainly agree with that, it's unclear to me if that binds the Justice Department.

11:03If it does, they'd almost certainly appeal that. that would be some questions about whether she had the authority to do that. The plaintiff's attorneys might appeal it regardless, because they're certainly subject to her order since they appeared in the case and might claim some ethical obligation or at least some free speech rights to refer to the agreement, agreement in quotes, in whatever way they please. That part might be tough to hold up. I guess we'll find out. There is also ongoing litigation in the Eastern District of Virginia, and I guess potentially elsewhere, about the weaponization fund and whether or not it is really over.

11:36Amy Powell:Well, that's where he refused to submit a sworn statement that the weaponization phone was dead. So the Epstein files were another big topic, and the Justice Department's bungled release of the Epstein files that exposed some victims' identities, criticized by lawmakers on both sides. He defended the release, but took responsibility that there There were errors and he apologized. I mean, do you think he handled that part well? I mean, appreciate at some level that he felt the need to take some responsibility, right? That that was bungled, especially the release of the victim's identities, which is just gross and inexcusable.

12:17It's the only thing they were explicitly allowed to redact in the statute, right? I think it was victims' names and any classified information, what they're explicitly allowed to redact. I didn't really hear him take responsibility for how slow the process has been, right? Like the idea of the excuse such as it is for having accidentally released these victims identities was how quickly they had to move. And yet they haven't moved all that quickly. There are still unreleased files and much of what they have released appears to be over redacted to people. that's in litigation and in several places, whether or not they can redact things where redaction is permitted under other statutes, or I think the Justice Department would say it's required under other statutes.

12:59And I don't presume to know the answer to those questions. But the fact is, there are a lot of documents, and they have not committed the resources necessary to get those documents out. And it sure looks like just an attempt to protect the president's interest, He was not some interest of the presidency or the office.

13:17Amy Powell:Coming up next, I'll continue this conversation with Amy Powell of Lawyers for Good Government. Has the Justice Department really lost the confidence of federal judges? I'm June Grosso, and you're listening to Bloomberg. This message is brought to you by Apple Card. Apple Card puts the power of titanium in the palm of your hand. What does that mean? It means the power to earn unlimited daily cash back on your purchases every day. It means a materially different credit card accepted anywhere in the world MasterCard is accepted. Ditch the plastic. Upgrade to titanium. Apply in the Wallet app on iPhone today.

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15:27Amy Powell:Whether or not Todd Blanche will be confirmed as the next attorney general, remains uncertain after two days of confirmation hearings. I've been talking to Amy Powell, litigation director at Lawyers for Good Government. Amy Blanche needs every Republican senator to vote for him to get his confirmation out of the Judiciary Committee. And Republican Senator Tom Tillis gave him an ultimatum, meet with the Epstein survivors or you don't get my vote. Is it unusual for an attorney general or an acting attorney general in this case to meet with victims? It's a good question. I don't know if it's unusual, to be honest.

16:07I assume it is unusual for attorney generals to be involved in the nitty gritty of cases like this and meeting with witnesses and victims. But he's already done so, right? Like he met with Ghislaine Maxwell, which was also extremely unusual. To meet with her and not her victims is something that certainly publicly looks very bad. I gotta say, Tillis's demand that he meet with the victims seems like an extremely low bar for becoming attorney general. And if he can't manage that, like, I hope Senator Tillis is unimpressed, but we shall see.

16:41Amy Powell:Blanche was also questioned about the fact that after he met with Ghislaine Maxwell at a Florida prison, about a week later, she was transferred to a prison camp. Blanche claimed it was because she was getting threats, but here's what Senator Booker said about that. When people are under threats in a Bureau of Prison facility, they're put into solitary confinement or protected. They're not moved to a camp. That's not always true. What is true is someone that is accused of child sex trafficking under the Bureau of Prisons' own policies is not put in a facility like this that seems clearly like a reward.

17:25It sure smacks of a special deal because she didn't incriminate the president, but I don't have any more knowledge about that than anyone else. It's unusual. It seems like he cut her a sweetheart deal in exchange for not incriminating the president. That's what it looks like to everyone. Just the appearance of impropriety, especially given his former role as Trump's personal lawyer, just keeps escalating.

17:47Amy Powell:And that was a part that the Democrats were pressing him on, whether he was able to be independent from the White House, whether he was still Trump's personal lawyer. He said, President Trump, trust me to give him counsel. Counsel doesn't mean I'm a yes man. But then when he was pressed about it by Senator Coons, he said that the Justice Department is part of the executive branch. If confirmed, he'll be a member of the cabinet who serves at the pleasure of the president. The Justice Department traditionally has been different from other departments. It has. There's a tradition of independence to ensure that while they are subject to political control, they are also exercising independent judgment, that they aren't subject to the political whims of the White House.

18:33They aren't trying to advance anyone's partisan political interests. And while I realize people will point to this instance or that where they think the Justice Department didn't do that perfectly, it has, at least until now, always been the ideal of the Justice Department. And I think that's important that that be an ideal that people are at least aspiring to subscribe to. It is not under this administration, right? And I'm not speaking about the rank and file career attorneys, many of whom are trying to continue to do their best work and provide their best counsel. I'm saying that the political officials at the Justice Department, including Todd Blanche, have repeatedly explained that they don't think the Justice Department should be independent.

19:16The reason he is not claiming to be defending himself as independent from the president is that he's not, and he has argued that he shouldn't be. He thinks the Justice Department should be subject to the political whims of the presidency. Of course, the Justice Department has argued in court repeatedly across this administration that independent agencies aren't a thing and that everything is supposed to be subject to the political whims of the White House, which historically has not been true. But I think they take that sort of theoretical idea of the unitary executive as a serious one in how the Justice Department works as well, that they want President Trump calling the shots.

19:54And Todd Blanche has said, and I'm forgetting the quote exactly, but something like Americans should be thankful that the president is involved in the day-to-day operations of the Justice Department. I, for one, am not. I don't think Senators Tillis or Cornyn should be either.

20:08Amy Powell:And then there was this slip of the tongue, Freudian slip during friendly questioning by Republican Senator John Kennedy. Are you and President Trump friends? I'm his lawyer, was his lawyer, and now I'm the deputy attorney general. I'm not sure how much we should make of that, but it's hard to ignore it. Is it a Freudian I mean, it's easy to pile on, right? But he says he's the president's lawyer. He means he's Donald Trump's lawyer. And he acts that way. In any case, you know, that is his view. And he has repeatedly expressed it. It's that in practice, he has not acted as independent or like he's even providing independent counsel in any meaningful way.

20:51Amy Powell:I thought they didn't spend enough time on the state of the Justice Department under Blanche and Bondi before him. Here's Senator Sheldon Whitehouse questioning Blanche about the fact that judges have criticized the department and its lawyers over their behavior in court cases. Words like pretext mean a lot coming from a judge about a government argument, usually enjoying the presumption of regularity. We need answers. I need you to be able to tell me that this kind of misconduct is going to stop if you're confirmed as attorney general. Can you say that? The Department of Justice works hard. The prosecutors work hard every day.

21:38And I appreciate the handpicked words that you have behind you right now. But that's not reflective of the hundred thousand indictments and informations that have been filed to do the work that I talked about earlier today.

21:53Amy Powell:I mean, there's case after case of federal judges complaining about the actions of Justice Department attorneys or Justice Department attorneys not following their orders, even allegations of misconduct before grand juries. And the Justice Department may be losing that presumption of regularity. Yeah, there are repeated instances of judges finding that the presumption of regularity didn't apply or should be overcome. For those not familiar listening, the presumption of regularity is the idea that the court will presume that the government is acting in good faith in the ordinary course and carrying out its duties as it is supposed to.

22:39which is the sort of thing we as Americans, most of us tend to assume that the government officials are attempting to do their job in good faith and attempting to comply with the rules. The presumption just meant that absent some evidence to the contrary, they're going to assume that these officials are acting in good faith and consistent with the rules. Courts are repeatedly finding that overcome. There is a website, I think, managed by Just Security, which is collecting instances where courts have explicitly rejected the presumption of regularity under the circumstances, which I don't know if it's up to date.

23:13But for a former government attorney like myself, it is a daunting list. That is a presumption that has been overcome before, right? It is only a presumption, but rarely, not with such regularity, not with such vehemence. Courts are angry. And it's not like, I mean, I'm not really sure there are all that many woke radical leftist judges out there. I'm not sure that's a category that exists. But many of the people who are finding against the government in these instances are Republican appointees, even Trump appointees, who are finding that the government has acted improperly. And, you know, some of that comes down to the Trump administration's mass deportation efforts, the attempt to deport as many people as possible as fast as possible with very little planning or forethought and unleashing untrained agents to carry that out has just led to an overwhelming number of cases, especially habeas petitions.

24:10And the government is frankly, probably unable to comply with the law in some instances, unable to comply with court orders, because they're just not organized or together enough, even if they had enough attorneys, which they don't. And they've taken so many efforts to, frankly, drive attorneys out of the department. And I don't say that to say that the attorneys there are all terrible or doing the wrong thing. Quite the opposite. I was a career attorney for a very long time. And I firmly believe for the most part that the folks still there are as career attorneys are attempting to do the right thing, to comply with the law and court's orders as best as possible.

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24:48But their clients in the administration and people like Todd Blanche are making that extremely difficult.

24:54Amy Powell:So we had Pam Bondi before Todd Blanche, who was similar to him in trying to please President Trump, if Blanche doesn't get confirmed, won't Trump just find someone else who'll do what he wants? Does it really matter who it is? Well, it might be even worse than your premise suggests, right? He might actually be able to keep Todd Blanche in as acting, even if he is not confirmed. Doesn't even have to replace him with someone worse. I certainly would prefer that the Senate put its foot down and suggest to the Trump administration that there are limits on what they will accept, which might prompt the administration to try to replace a blanche with someone who will be taken more seriously as a representative of the Justice Department.

25:38I don't know that, but it seems to me better than the alternative of confirming him and pretending that he is a normal nominee.

25:45Amy Powell:Thanks so much for joining me, Amy. I appreciate your insights. That's Amy Powell, Litigation Director at Lawyers for Good Government. Coming up next on Bloomberg Law Show. At least 10 people have died in encounters with immigration agents since President Trump launched his mass deportation campaign last year. Five have died from being shot by ICE agents during traffic stops. Yet the White House has overturned a decision by the Department of Homeland Security to suspend ICE traffic stops. I'm June Grosso and you're listening to Bloomberg. The Department of Homeland Security has abandoned a day-old decision to suspend most immigration traffic stops after President Trump demanded the tactic continue despite two recent fatal shootings of immigrants by ICE officers during traffic stops.

26:42Amy Powell:One man was shot in Maine on Monday. The other was shot in Houston last Tuesday. A DHS official said on Wednesday that in line with the president's directive, the practice will resume, effectively scrapping a policy announced on Tuesday that had suspended most vehicle stops, except in serious criminal cases while the agency reviewed its policies and new officer training. The decision to scrap the pause underscores Trump's drive to ramp up immigration arrests and deportations, the centerpiece of his hardline enforcement policies. My guest is immigration attorney Leon Fresco of Holland and Knight.

27:25Amy Powell:He was the head of the Office of Civil Immigration Litigation during the Obama administration. Leon, take us through what happened here. We had two incidents. We had one in July 7th in Houston, Texas, where ICE agents fatally shot Lorenzo Salgado Araujo during a vehicle stop operation. And VHS says he used his vehicle as a weapon and witnesses and family members dispute that account. And then we had another incident July 13th in Biddeford, Maine, where ICE agents fatally shot a Colombian national named Johann Sebastian Duran Guerrero during a vehicle stop. And DHS said that the driver was posing a threat, whereas other witnesses say that that version is not true and you have multiple investigations that were open.

28:14So on July 14th, you had ICE and DHS officials, mainly through Tom Holman, tell officers to pause most of their non-urgent vehicle stops used in immigration enforcement, with the exceptions if they knew that the person that was being stopped was a violent criminal or if there was a warrant for that person's arrest, then they could continue. And ostensibly, the reason for this was, according to Tom Homan, who's the borders are, said that these officers needed more training in how to do these vehicle stops. And in fact, I have now been anecdotally through my immigration practice learning about more of these stops.

28:58And what's been happening is the agents, what they're doing is rather than going into the home, which requires a lot of band power and perhaps uncertainty about what's inside that home, etc. It appears now, especially if someone lives inside of an apartment complex, that what they're doing is they're waiting for the person to go into their car to go to work. And then they're stopping them right outside of the apartment complex so that they're sort of more of a sitting duck in the sense that they're not at home where they can have access to God knows what weapons, etc. And they don't have to barge the door down or anything.

29:36They're just in the car. And then what they do is they apprehend the person. they arrest them and a second ICE agent takes their car back to their apartment parking lot and then that's the end of it. So there is a lot more of that because I think ICE has determined that that operation requires less manpower but the problem is once you apprehend someone in their car you will get you know you can say one out of a hundred I don't know one out of two hundred situations where someone who's in their car will have a completely paranoid reaction as to, oh my God, now what's going to happen with my kids?

30:15What's going to happen with my spouse? And they'll try to drive away. And that's something that's going to happen. And then the question is, what do the agents do? And if the answer is they shoot people or, you know, what happens when the witnesses to this decide to get involved with the ICE agents and say, hey, what are you doing arresting this person, etc. You know, what basically is the training and the protocol for these new traffic operations that are happening. So that's the genesis of this is that this is the new type of operation that's happening. And so ICE does want to roll out a lot more of this instead of going inside the person's home.

30:54But when they do this, they have these more public facing operations that can lead to death.

31:01Amy Powell:So police officers are only allowed to shoot into a car if the driver poses an immediate deadly threat to the officer or others. They're not allowed to shoot if someone is driving away from a traffic stop. Correct. So why aren't ICE officers following that as well? Why are they shooting into cars even if the person they want to catch is fleeing the scene. They shouldn't be shooting into a car. I think the main problem is that when you go into work, become an ICE agent, you are not trained in the same manner as a local police law enforcement official. I mean, the bread and butter of someone in a local police office is a traffic stop.

31:45And so that's the number one thing they're going to be trained as. Whereas at ICE, that's not the bread and butter. The bread and butter is you have to look at immigration documents and decide whether the person is undocumented or not, whether the person has legal status or not, and then you get trained for certain operations like going into a home or workplace. Very rarely is, especially with the sort of tight, compressed time periods that ICE is trying to roll out with agents on the street, very rarely do you actually see a situation where people can be trained so quickly to handle in a professional and sophisticated manner these traffic stops.

32:27The other thing is that the traffic stop for the local police officer is all about context. You know, is it a speeding ticket? Is it that I observed the person robbing a store? So the level of force and intervention is going to be different. In the ICE context, it's always about I'm trying to apprehend someone to place them in removal proceedings. And so the question is, well, what are you basing that off of? Are you basing that off of how they look? Or did you have a warrant to go apprehend them? And so you may not be observing a crime that's leading to this stop. And so those two things are what make these situations more combustible than a normal police stop, is that the genesis for why the stop is occurring may have some problem.

33:14number one. And number two, the training as to what the officer is doing isn't targeted for this specific type of law enforcement. If ICE wants to do these traffic stops, they're going to have to implement the same kind of training that the NYPD or the LAPD or the Chicago PD has on how to do traffic stops. And those are not short term trainings. Those are very long term trainings in their police academies to try to resolve those issues.

33:42Amy Powell:So what happened? President Trump didn't like the coverage? Yeah, there was a lot of social media criticism of Secretary Mullen that happened immediately after this announcement was made that traffic stops would be curtailed. And President Trump saw all of the social media criticism and said, wait a second, I don't want to get criticized because the social media criticism was very strong, saying that he had abandoned his pledge to have immigration enforcement. There was no more immigration enforcement in America. You know, the amnesty people won. It was very harsh criticism. And so President Trump said, do not limit the amount of traffic stops that you're doing.

34:22Take away this policy. And so immediately the policy was taken away. Now, the question is, what does it mean that the policy was taken away versus what's actually going to be happening on the ground? And so I do think the sort of suspension was taken away so that then putatively the Trump administration can say, hey, the suspension was taken away. But as a factual matter, I think the leadership at ICE recognizes that everyone could benefit more from a closer look at what is being done in traffic stops and how it's being done and how it's being taught and how it's being trained. So that if these traffic stops are going to happen, they have the least likelihood of leading to a death as possible.

35:09And so I do think as a practical matter, you will see changes to how these are done, because they were really trying to roll them out in sort of a pilot program to replace the House arrest. And I think there may be reconsidering that to say, I don't think we can do that in all circumstances.

35:28Amy Powell:President Trump called the traffic stop one of ICE's most important and effective crime fighting tools. Of course, they're not fighting crime, really. They're making immigration arrests. And we know there's this self-imposed goal of 2 ,000 immigration arrests a day. How important are the traffic stops? Because as I understand, the two people who were killed in the latest traffic stops weren't even the targets of the operation. Right. I think the problem is it's going to depend on whether the purpose of the traffic stop is to increase the number of arrests or to replace an arrest that would have already occurred inside of a home.

36:12So if it's to replace an arrest that was already going to occur inside of a home, then absolutely the number isn't going to be increased too much. I mean, maybe you just need a slightly lower number of people to accomplish the arrest so you can have slightly more arrests by replacing home arrests with traffic arrests. But what will really ratchet up the number of arrests is if you go back to the mode where we were at in 2025 when there were some real conflagrations in Los Angeles and in Chicago and in some other places where what you tell ICE is if you see people coming out of a Home Depot, just arrest them and pull them out of their car.

36:52You see people coming out of some sort of construction site or whatever else, and you think they look suspicious, go ahead and arrest them. That's the kind of operation where, again, you'll see more public-facing criticism of the ICE officers. You'll see people who were not prepared to get arrested, who may act in manners that show that non-preparedness in terms of trying to escape. And those are going to be the places where ICE then has these security challenges about how to prevent these deaths from occurring during their operations.

37:29Amy Powell:There have been 10 deaths in encounters with immigration agents since Trump launched this mass deportation campaign last year. By my count, five of them involved an ICE officer shooting into a car. And we've had the high profile ones like Renee Goods in Minnesota. The first one was in March of 2025, where a 23 year old U.S. citizen was shot during an immigration stop. And yet none of the ICE officers have been charged with anything in any of these incidents. That's an issue because, again, you have two different problems. You have one that in order for a state or local prosecutor to charge them, they basically have to be able to say that they've acted so far outside the scope of their employment that they are basically murderers.

38:25So it would be that that someone got killed during an ICE action, but essentially imagining an ICE agent just going and getting into a bar fight and murdering someone while they were on duty just because they didn't like the person they met at the bar fight. Then the state or local prosecutor could arrest them. But if they were in an ICE stop, then it's going to be much harder. There's going to be a higher immunity that attaches to their actions that will prevent the state or local prosecutor for prosecuting them. So what are you left with? You're left with the Department of Justice having to be the prosecuting authority.

38:59And they would only do that if either they received a criminal referral from the ICE or the Department of Homeland Security saying this agent acted improperly, they should be prosecuted, which we've seen no investigation that has yielded that outcome that has said that an agent has acted improperly or that the Department of Justice just takes matters into their own hands and says that an agent acted improperly and prosecutes them. And we just have not seen that happen. I think this administration has made it very clear that it believes the ICE agents are acting appropriately and they do not want to send the message that ICE agents can be prosecuted for the actions they are undertaking on duty.

39:41You know, the upside of that is that the agents feel protected, their morale is higher. The downside of that is that you could have incidents where the ICE agent certainly did violate the law and nothing happens to them. They're not held accountable.

39:54Amy Powell:I think there's a serious problem with the immunity that federal agents get. Thanks so much, Leon. That's Leon Fresco of Holland and Knight. And that's it for this edition of the Bloomberg Law Show. Remember, you can always get the latest legal news on our Bloomberg Law podcast. You can find them on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and at www.bloomberg.com slash podcast slash law. And remember to tune into the Bloomberg Law Show every weeknight at 10 p.m. Wall Street time. I'm June Grosso, and you're listening to Bloomberg.

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From the publisher

Amy Powell, litigation director at Lawyers for Good Government and former Justice Department senior trial counsel, discusses Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche’s confirmation hearings. Immigration law expert Leon Fresco, a partner at Holland & Knight and the former head of the Office of Immigration Litigation, discusses the ICE traffic stops that have killed 5 people since March of 2025. June Grasso hosts.

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