Epstein Files Meltdown & Climate Change

25 Jul 2025 · 25 min · 17 chapters

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In short

Episode topic: Debate over whether the U.S. will release Jeffrey Epstein case materials (including alleged names in the files and grand jury transcripts), plus an international climate-change legal update.

Guest backgrounds

Dave Ehrenberg, former Palm Beach County state attorney. Michael Girard, director of Columbia Law School’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law.

Key claims (Epstein)

Attorney General Pam Bondi previously said Epstein files would be released after redaction; Wall Street Journal reported Bondi/Deputy AG Todd Blanche told President Trump his name appears multiple times. Ehrenberg argues DOJ interviews Ghislaine Maxwell (convicted sex trafficker, appealing) are “CYA” to protect Trump, and that Maxwell seeks a pardon/exoneration. He says grand jury transcripts are unlikely to reveal “client lists” due to grand jury secrecy and victim approvals.

Notable examples (climate)

ICJ unanimous advisory opinion (Vanuatu case) calling climate change a grave threat; prediction of more national-court enforcement actions and preliminary injunctions in U.S. lawsuits.

Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.

Chapters

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The Epstein Files Release Debate

0:00 to 0:35

Discussion on the release of Epstein files and the role of Attorney General Bondi.

“Some people treat ChatGPT like some kind of smart search engine, and some use it to get work done.”

The Epstein Files Release Debate

1:51 to 2:30

Discussion on the release of Epstein files and the role of Attorney General Bondi.

“Attorney General Pam Bondi used to say that the Jeffrey Epstein files would be released.”

Maxwell's Meeting with DOJ

2:30 to 3:38

Examination of Deputy Attorney General's meeting with Ghislaine Maxwell.

“As pressure on the administration to release the Epstein files grows, the Justice Department is taking a detour, apparently casting itself as searching for more information on the Epstein case.”

Trust and Testimony Issues

3:38 to 4:50

Concerns regarding Maxwell's credibility and the motivations behind her cooperation.

“I mean, why would you ever believe anything this woman says?”

Implications for Trump

4:50 to 7:20

Analysis of how Maxwell's statements could impact Trump and his supporters.

“doesn't get on a plane and get a briefcase and a notepad and start acting like a line prosecutor.”

Congressional Subpoena Insights

7:20 to 8:25

Discussion on the implications of the congressional subpoena for Maxwell.

“So she wants something out of Donald Trump.”

Judicial Challenges and Public Perception

8:25 to 11:19

Challenges related to releasing grand jury transcripts and public expectations.

“I think there's a desperate woman who's willing to say anything.”

The Grand Jury Transcript Debate

11:19 to 14:06

Clarification on the contents of grand jury transcripts and public misconceptions.

“It's the cover-up, and it looks like there's been a cover-up here, at least to many in the public, which is why people are still talking about this.”

The Grand Jury Transcripts Discussion

14:06 to 16:46

Explore the challenges and limitations of accessing grand jury transcripts in the Epstein case.

“They wanted the public to think that they were doing something about transparency, but the judge ruled as we all expected the judge to rule.”

The Grand Jury Transcripts Discussion

17:50 to 18:48

Explore the challenges and limitations of accessing grand jury transcripts in the Epstein case.

“It's time to plan ahead and make sure your brand is showing up in ways that can have an impact.”
Show all 17 chapters

Climate Change Legal Developments

18:48 to 22:41

Analyze a recent landmark climate change legal ruling and its implications.

“A deliberately manufactured and politicized intelligence reports about Russian interference in the 2016 election.”

Impact of the Trump Administration on Climate

22:41 to 28:00

Discuss the Trump administration's effects on environmental policies and climate action.

“brands, drinkware that's enjoyed again and again, bags, notebooks, tools, and tech items that don't just look good, but actually get used.”

Impact of the Trump Administration on Climate Policy

28:00 to 29:25

Explore how the Trump administration has affected environmental protections and climate change policy.

“I wouldn't say that litigation isn't necessarily the best way.”

Reversing Environmental Damage

29:25 to 30:19

Discuss the potential for reversing the environmental policies of the previous administration and the challenges ahead.

“One of the big problems is loss of staff, loss of expertise, loss of scientific capability.”

The Role of Climate Deniers

30:19 to 31:04

An analysis of climate denial in politics and its impact on legal proceedings and public discourse.

“who really are going to act on climate change.”

The Role of Climate Deniers

31:40 to 32:06

An analysis of climate denial in politics and its impact on legal proceedings and public discourse.

“If you've ever waited on a refill or couldn't schedule an appointment, you get it.”

The Role of Climate Deniers

32:10 to 33:09

An analysis of climate denial in politics and its impact on legal proceedings and public discourse.

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Transcript

Automatic transcript. May contain errors.

0:00Some people treat ChatGPT like some kind of smart search engine, and some use it to get work done. ChatGPT Work is a new way of working in ChatGPT that can take action across your apps and files, stay with a project for hours if needed, and turn a goal into finished work. It's designed to help you move from a chaotic starting point to a reviewable first version. So all the source materials, briefs, and scattered information that you have to grind through to turn into something useful can just become something useful. Put ChatGPT to work on your most ambitious ideas and projects. Get started at ChatGPT.com by selecting Work Mode, available on Plus and Pro plans.

0:42Healthcare doesn't always work great. If you've ever waited on a refill or couldn't schedule an appointment, you get it. That's the kind of stuff Optum is changing. They're using data and technology to integrate patient care, pharmacy, and everything else. So healthcare is connected, not complicated. What's that look like? Cheaper prescriptions that are easier to get and care that looks at the whole person, how you need it. Optum is helping make healthcare work as one for everyone. Learn more at business.optum.com. As industries evolve faster than ever, companies need an environment that accelerates strategic growth.

1:17And Michigan delivers on that promise. From emerging startups to global enterprises, Michigan offers what executives value most, a resilient, innovative ecosystem, diverse communities that attract top talent, and a quality of life that supports work-life balance. With our unified Team Michigan approach, businesses scale faster and compete at the highest level. Michigan, pure opportunity. Seize your opportunity at michiganbusiness.org. This is Bloomberg Law with June Grosso from Bloomberg Radio. Attorney General Pam Bondi used to say that the Jeffrey Epstein files would be released. You know, tens of thousands of pages of documents and hundreds and hundreds of victims of Jeffrey Epstein.

2:06So the FBI, they have been working round the clock at my directive, at Kash Patel's directive. Now Dan Bongino's there, who is a great asset for all of us at the FBI as well. But yeah, we have to protect their identity, their personal information to make sure they're safe. But other than that, we are releasing all of these documents as soon as we can get them redacted. That was Bondi on Fox in March. Now the question is whether even a congressional subpoena will make the attorney general release the files, particularly in light of a Wall Street Journal report that Bondi told President Trump his name appears multiple times in the files.

2:48As pressure on the administration to release the Epstein files grows, the Justice Department is taking a detour, apparently casting itself as searching for more information on the Epstein case. With Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche meeting today with Ghislaine Maxwell, Jeffrey Epstein's former girlfriend who's serving a 20-year sentence in Florida. Joining me is Dave Ehrenberg, former Palm Beach County state attorney. Dave, the number two person at the Justice Department, Todd Blanche, Trump's former criminal defense attorney, is meeting with a convicted sex trafficker, Ghislaine Maxwell, that the Justice Department successfully prosecuted, and it comes as she's appealing her 2021 conviction.

3:38How odd is this? It's extremely odd, June, because generally, the number two person at the Department of Justice doesn't conduct interviews with potential witnesses, especially those who have already been convicted by their department of such a serious crime. I mean, why would you ever believe anything this woman says? He's not only a convicted human trafficker, but she's also a liar. She was indicted for perjury back in 2020. And she is someone who is untrustworthy, but both sides want something here. She, meaning Ghislaine Maxwell, wants a pardon from the president, who's very transactional.

4:21And President Trump wants her to exonerate him to say that Trump had nothing to do with any of the crimes. Now, I personally believe that Trump had nothing to do with any of the crimes, but there's a lot of smoke here because of Trump's name being in the Epstein files. And you know what they say, it's not the crime, but the cover-up. And the cover-up here is to prevent the release of these files when you promised it over and over again to your supporters. So yes, this whole thing is extraordinary, not the least of which is that the number two person of the Department of Justice doesn't get on a plane and get a briefcase and a notepad and start acting like a line prosecutor.

5:00Blanche said he wants to know if Ghislaine Maxwell has information about anyone who has committed crimes against victims. But the attorney general, Pam Bondi, has said that nothing in the files warranted further investigation or prosecution. So what's going on? This is about CYA. It's to protect Donald Trump. This is to protect him because his name is in the files. Now, his supporters were led to believe that anyone whose name's in the files must have committed some crimes. They were led to believe that the number one name in the file would be Bill Clinton, followed by Bill Gates, and then every other prominent Democrat.

5:37Of course, they were lied to. They were made to look like fools. I mean, these folks thrive on conspiracy theories, and now they're outraged and they're ready to revolt. So the administration is trying to placate them further by saying, see, we'll get more information from this disgraced convicted human trafficker. Well, what makes you think she'll be telling the truth? She has every incentive to lie. She's lied before. She will lie again. Anything that she says should be corroborated. And then if she says something to Todd Blanche, who was President Trump's former defense lawyer, his personal defense lawyer, what makes you think it'll make its way to the public if it at all implicates Donald Trump?

6:16So this is not how an investigation should be done. And if the administration wanted full transparency, they should just release the file subject to court orders and other privacy concerns involving the victims. And then I think people would start to move on from this story. But until that happens, this story ain't going away. Do you think that she's talking to Blanche, if she is talking to Blanche, do you think that she's talking to him under some kind of agreement like queen for a day where nothing you say is going to be used against you? Her lawyers would never allow her to talk to a prosecutor, even if it's the number two person at the Department of Justice and not a line prosecutor.

6:58They would never let her talk to anyone without a guarantee that she has immunity for at least those comments on that day. So some call it a queen for the day. But she's not going to jeopardize her appeal and her potential because she has an appeal pending. If she is retried, she doesn't want this information to come back and haunt her. So she wants something out of Donald Trump. She wants a pardon. And she's probably going to be willing to say anything to get it. But she doesn't want to come back at her in a future trial. So, yes, she will get some sort of immunity before she speaks to Todd Blanch.

7:35Now, if she goes before Congress, that, too, will require immunity because her lawyers, I would think, would have the same issue. They don't want her to implicate herself any more than she already has. Her brother told the New York Post that she's compiling new evidence pertaining to alleged government misconduct stemming from her trial to hand over to the Justice Department. Every criminal defendant believes that there's government misconduct for their case, especially if you're convicted. So, yeah, she's going to compile her evidence. Meanwhile, if she had any real evidence that could be of use to the government to release to victims and to the public, she would have done so already because now she's facing 20 years in prison.

8:15She's not getting out until she's 75 years old at the earliest. And so if she didn't have the goods back then, why would it be she has the goods now? I think there's a desperate woman who's willing to say anything. She'll do anything for a pardon. She does not want to spend her next decade or so behind bars. She's not used to this lifestyle. She's used to the high life, life of privilege, life of prestige. And now she's the only one being locked up for the whole Jeffrey Epstein saga because Jeffrey Epstein killed himself. Dave, about the congressional subpoena, the House Oversight Chair, Republican James Comer has subpoenaed Maxwell for a deposition.

8:58In what circumstances would her lawyer allow her to testify? How would that kind of testimony help her at all? It will help her if she publicly exonerates President Trump. It will help her get a pardon. That's what she's aiming for. She wants either a pardon, a commutation. She wants the Department of Justice to not retry the case if she wins on her appeal, which is going before the Supreme Court. So there are things that Trump can offer her, and that's why she'll be doing this. Otherwise, there's no reason for her to be doing this. I mean she's a convicted human trafficker. She's a proven liar.

9:35She's a criminal. And for the MAGA base, which thinks that Jeffrey Epstein is Satan himself, it's amazing how they're willing to roll out the red carpet for Satan's accomplice. The House Oversight Subcommittee voted Wednesday to subpoena the DOJ for the Epstein files. And they're not only looking for the files, but also communications between former Biden officials and the Justice Department related to the Epstein matter. Will the Justice Department hand them over, especially now that the Wall Street Journal has reported that Bondi and Blanche informed the president in May that his name appears multiple times in the Epstein files?

10:21Oh, the Department of Justice is not giving Congress anything with Donald Trump's name in it. So if they give up the Epstein file, maybe it will be a redacted version of it, but they're not going to do anything to harm the boss. I mean, that's why the folks are there to begin with. That's why Donald Trump put his two defense lawyers at top positions at the Department of Justice. That's why he picked a loyalist like Pam Bonney to be attorney general. He doesn't want this thing to get out of hand and get a mind of its own. That's why he's not going to appoint a special counsel. People said we should have a special counsel.

10:54Yeah? Well, I remember when Bill Clinton had a special counsel. Remember Jan Arino stepped aside and had Kenneth Starr investigate Whitewater? Well, the investigation at Whitewater became an investigation into Monica Lewinsky and led to Bill Clinton's impeachment. Donald Trump doesn't want to go down that road. He wants to button this thing up. But the irony is in his attempt to cut this off at its knees, he has prolonged the agony. It's not the crime. It's the cover-up, and it looks like there's been a cover-up here, at least to many in the public, which is why people are still talking about this.

11:26Does Congress have any levers to pull to force the Justice Department on this? They can subpoena the documents and go to court, but you really think the Republicans in Congress are going to go to court to fight the Republicans in the executive branch? One thing we've learned from this Congress is that when the going gets tough, they roll over. They turn tail and run away. This Congress has emasculated itself to the executive branch. And I know they're starting to send subpoenas and ask questions about this because their base demands it. But they'll only go so far. Donald Trump is the leader of their party.

12:01And when Donald Trump wants something badly enough, he gets it. Coming up next, why a Florida judge decided not to release the transcripts. This is Bloomberg. I've been talking to Dave Ehrenberg, former Palm Beach County state attorney, about the pressure on the Trump administration to release the Jeffrey Epstein files. Let's talk about the grand jury transcripts. First, you can explain why the transcripts will not reveal client lists or any of the other things that the conspiracy theorists are looking for. The grand jury transcripts are just a portion of the portion of what people are looking for.

12:39See, what they want are the Epstein files. They want the names of these third parties who allegedly were involved with human trafficking. Who were these girls trafficked to? That's what people are seeking. That's not going to be in the grand jury transcripts, especially redacted ones. It's not going to be in there. So it's pretty much a distraction that the administration is just seeking these grand jury transcripts. I mean, come on. First of all, they're not going to get him. The judges will reject it. And then they complain to the judiciary, which is part of the strategy. because if there's one group that the MAGA world hates more than the media, it's the judiciary.

13:12It's judges. So that was actually a smart move, I thought, by Trump to put the focus on the judges. But it's still not going to work. It's not going to satisfy the MAGA base who have been led to believe there's this client list and that you have this democratic conspiracy to have a child sex trafficking ring. Well, it's a different role when you go from being a blogger to being in government. When you're in government, you've got to produce. When you're a blogger, you can say whatever you want and never be held accountable for it. And that's a lesson that Cash Patel, Dan Pagino, and others are learning.

13:41The Florida federal judge has already declined to release the transcripts. On what grounds? There are grand jury secrecy rules, and you can't get grand jury transcripts unless you have an exception under the federal law, and there's no exception here just because the public wants to see it. Also, you need to go to victims and get their permission and approvals, but the administration didn't do that. They just went right to the judge because it was about the show. It wasn't about the go. It was about the show. They wanted the public to think that they were doing something about transparency, but the judge ruled as we all expected the judge to rule.

14:16But even if the judge did produce these grand jury transcripts, it's really, as I said, just a portion of what the public wants. The public wants names. Grand jury transcripts wouldn't produce those names of third parties. It would just be the testimony that was written down and the exhibits that were provided inside the secret grand jury that led to Epstein's indictment. It's not going to be what implicates uncharged third parties. And so if you are waiting for the grand jury transcripts to answer your Jeffrey Epstein questions, you'll be waiting a long time. There are still two judges in New York considering the government's request to release the grand jury transcripts in the Epstein and Maxwell cases.

15:04They're taking more time and requesting more information. Why do you think they're just not denying them out of hand and saying grand jury secrecy? The rules up there in that circuit in New York are a little better for the public to get access to grand jury transcripts. There's a slight opening. It's not impossible. It's hard, but it's not impossible. So there's an outside chance that could happen up there. But as I said, even if you get them, they're going to be disappointing. They're going to be largely a nothing burger to people. And it probably suits Trump more if the judges just reject the request.

15:45And Trump can say, see, I tried. I tried to be transparent. Blame those unelected liberal judges, even though he may have appointed some of them. But you can just blame the people wearing the black robes who get lifetime appointments and carry the gavel. Much easier to do than to turn and shine the flashlight on yourself. And I want to get your reaction to the Trump administration falsely claiming that President Obama...

16:32So all the source materials, briefs, and scattered information that you have to grind through to turn into something useful can just become something useful. Put ChatGPT to work on your most ambitious ideas and projects. Get started at ChatGPT.com by selecting Work Mode, available on Plus and Pro plans. Wise is the smart way to manage the currencies you need around the globe. If you've ever sent money internationally using a traditional bank, there's a good chance you've paid more than you realized. Hidden fees, exchange rate markups, and extra charges can quietly add up before your money even arrives.

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18:36Whether you're gearing up for fall events or simply planning ahead for the season, 4imprint can help your brand show up, stay useful, and make connections that last. Explore the possibilities at 4imprint.com. 4imprint. 4certain. A deliberately manufactured and politicized intelligence reports about Russian interference in the 2016 election. I don't know how we got back to this point. Do you know what this is about? Yeah, it's about distraction. It's to take your mind off of the Jeffrey Epstein situation. So he has Tulsi Gabbard, who has no business being in government, quite frankly. She's a hack.

19:12She's not qualified to be the director of DNI. and she's doing Tulsi Gabbard things by creating a story out of nothing. Even what she produced doesn't show what she says it shows. All it shows is that Russia did not manipulate votes. They did not change the outcome of the election by the voting, but they did, and it's been proven over and over again, even by the report by Senator Marco Rubio's Senate Intelligence Committee that Russia did interfere with the election. They had a favor in the election, Donald Trump, and they had a strategy that they implemented to get involved, like through spreading disinformation.

19:51But they didn't hack into voting machines. So I don't know what this thing is about that Tulsa Gabbard is trying to show, except it's nothing except for a distraction on the Jeffrey Epstein matter. And it proves why Tulsa Gabbard is unfit for office. Obama's spokesman said these bizarre allegations are ridiculous and a weak attempt at distraction. I mean, this is not the first time that Trump has attacked Obama. Well, that's how he built his political career, by claiming that Obama was born in Kenya. This is why the MAGA base is so upset about this latest conspiracy theory, because they were led to believe that there are conspiracies under every mattress in D.C., whether it's Obama being from Kenya or the election in 2020 being stolen or Jeffrey Epstein being part of a Democratic cabal.

20:41But as the conspiracy theories get destroyed, the MAGA base is starting to wonder if they've been misled, if they've been made to look like fools. And they're understandably pointing their finger at their own team because their own team is the one who has led them astray. Some people treat ChatGPT like some kind of smart search engine, and some use it to get work done. ChatGPT Work is a new way of working in ChatGPT that can take action across your apps and files, stay with a project for hours if needed, and turn a goal into finished work. It's designed to help you move from a chaotic starting point to a reviewable first version.

21:24So all the source materials, briefs, and scattered information that you have to grind through to turn into something useful can just become something useful. Put ChatGPT to work on your most ambitious ideas and projects. Get started at ChachiPT.com by selecting Work Mode, available on Plus and Pro plans. Wise is the smart way to manage the currencies you need around the globe. If you've ever sent money internationally using a traditional bank, there's a good chance you've paid more than you realized. Hidden fees, exchange rate markups, and extra charges can quietly add up before your money even arrives.

22:02There's a better way. Try Wise. Wise uses the exchange

22:30Thank you.

22:36Be smart. Get wise. Visit wise.com or download the wise app today. T's and C's apply.

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23:394imprint. 4certain. Turning to other legal news, one of the world's most vulnerable countries to the fallout from climate change has won a landmark legal battle, giving countries new ammunition to pursue some of the planet's biggest emitters. Joining me is environmental law expert Michael Girard, director of Columbia Law School's Sabin Center for Climate Change Law. Tell us about this decision by the International Court of Justice. So the International Court of Justice just issued a unanimous opinion by all 14 of its judges on climate change. The decision said that climate change is a grave threat to humankind, And many elements of international law require every country to act very strongly to try to fight climate change.

24:30And tell us about the case that was brought two years ago by Vanuatu. Vanuatu, which is one of the small island nations in the Pacific that is really endangered by sea level rise, was able to organize an international effort and persuade the U.N. General Assembly to send to the International Court of Justice in The Hague questions about what are the obligations of countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and, among other things, to save small island states and everybody else from the ravages of climate change. The ICJ doesn't have the power to enforce the decision on its own. The U.S.

Read the full transcript

25:13is among the countries that doesn't automatically recognize its legal authority. So what weight does this opinion have? That's right. The ICJ opinions in this kind of case are advisory. They don't have enforcement power. Many countries of the world do take the ICJ's decision seriously. And we've already seen in quite a few countries around the world decisions by their own courts saying that their governments aren't doing enough. I think we'll see a lot more of those kinds of lawsuits all around the world. We'll see more lawsuits brought by environmental groups and others in their national courts saying that under the ICJ opinion and other legal doctrines, those countries are not doing enough to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

26:00And that could lead to enforcement by those national courts against those national governments. Last year, at least 226 new climate cases were brought. Are those mostly against countries? Are they against corporations? Where are they bringing these suits? They're mostly against countries, but very few of them are what we call strategic litigation that is trying to get the country to act more broadly. Most of those lawsuits are concerning particular projects or particular small actions. But we have seen strategic cases that are ordering countries to do more. We saw them in successful cases, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Mexico, Nepal, Brazil, South Africa, most recently Hungary, several other countries all around the world.

26:52We're seeing these kinds of cases, these kinds of decisions from the courts. And I think now we'll see more of them. And are countries complying with the results of these cases when they're decided? Not necessarily. That's a very good question. We've seen that the countries are doing something but not necessarily enough, and frequently the plaintiffs go back to court to try to seek more specific enforcement. So the decisions do have a positive effect, but they're not completely solving the problem. Are there other international courts that are taking a stand on climate? Yes. In the last year and a half or so, we've seen decisions from the European Court of Human Rights, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea.

27:41And all three of those international tribunals also said that countries have an obligation to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and otherwise address climate change. Is litigation the best way forward for climate activists? Are negotiations ongoing anywhere? I wouldn't say that litigation isn't necessarily the best way. I think the best way is to try to get politicians to pass and implement strong laws. But in few countries does that actually happen. So litigation is one important part of the toolkit. It's not the biggest part, but it's one important part, and it just became a lot stronger with yesterday's decision.

28:22As far as the United States and the Trump administration, how has the Trump administration impacted the environment and environmental protections? Well, the Trump administration is basically denying climate change, or at least that they have to do anything about it. They're working very hard to stop all of the actions that had been taken under previous administrations to control climate change. They, again, withdrew from the Paris Climate Agreement. So the Trump administration is very much moving backwards on all of this. Let's say that after Trump's turn ends, there is a president who is more concerned about the environment.

29:04Can the Trump administration's actions be easily reversed? They can be reversed, but it will take time. Of course, in the first Trump administration, they moved backwards, although not as fast or as quickly. And then when Biden came in, they did reverse of that and secured passage of the Inflation Reduction Act, which Congress has now partly revoked. One of the big problems is loss of staff, loss of expertise, loss of scientific capability. That'll take some time to rebuild. So the legal issues, most of those can be restored, but actually regaining the momentum is going to take time. We will have lost a lot of time that we don't have.

29:45What can environmental activists do? Is it file suits to try to slow down the Trump administration? Yes, and there's already a lot of that, and quite a few of those lawsuits have had early successes in the district courts. There have been quite a few preliminary injunctions granted against what the Trump administration is doing. And those states that still care about climate change are doing a lot. New York, California, Massachusetts, Washington, Illinois, several other states are acting on their own to reduce their emissions. But I think the most important thing that needs to be done is at the polling places to elect officials at every level, federal, state and local, who really are going to act on climate change.

30:27I mean, how do climate deniers even support their position? Yeah, I mean, there's a small handful of climate deniers or climate not so batters, as I call them, who are out there, several of whom have just been hired by the federal government to advise them. They're complete outliers in the scientific community, but there are a few of those out there. And there are some news media outlets that put that out. Nobody has the nerve, no lawyer goes to court denying climate change. They know that that would be a real loser, but we still see that in the political arena and in some media outlets. Thanks so much.

31:05That's Michael Girard, Director of Columbia Law School's Sabin Center for Climate change law. And that's it for this edition of the Bloomberg Law Show. Remember, you can always get the latest legal news on our Bloomberg Law podcast. You can find them on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and at www.bloomberg.com slash podcast slash law. And remember to tune into the Bloomberg Law Show every weeknight at 10 p.m. Wall Street time. I'm June Grosso, and you're listening to Bloomberg.

31:39Healthcare doesn't always work great. If you've ever waited on a refill or couldn't schedule an appointment, you get it. That's the kind of stuff Optum is changing. They're using data and technology to integrate patient care, pharmacy, and everything else. So healthcare is connected, not complicated. What's that look like? Cheaper prescriptions that are easier to get and care that looks at the whole person, how you need it. Optum is helping make healthcare work as one for everyone. Learn more at business.optum.com. It's time to plan ahead and make sure your brand is showing up in ways that can have an impact.

32:144imprint's promotional products are designed to work as hard as you do and make a lasting impression. From quality apparel, including exclusive brands, to drinkware, tech, and totes, they've got thousands of options to fit your brand and budget. Plus, you get free samples, expert help, and their 360-degree guarantee. So you can be 4imprint certain everything shows up just right, right on time. Explore more at 4imprint.com. 4imprint. 4certain. As industries evolve faster than ever, companies need an environment that accelerates strategic growth, and Michigan delivers on that promise. From emerging startups to global enterprises, Michigan offers what executives value most, a resilient, innovative ecosystem, diverse communities that attract top talent, and a quality of life that supports work-life balance.

33:01With our unified Team Michigan approach, businesses scale faster and compete at the highest level. Michigan, pure opportunity. Seize your opportunity at michiganbusiness.org.

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Dave Aronberg, former Palm Beach County State Attorney, discusses the second in command at the Justice Department going to interview Jeffrey Epstein’s convicted former girlfriend. Michael Gerrard, Director of Columbia Law School’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, discusses the International Court of Justice’s landmark climate decision. June Grasso hosts.

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