Deadly bomb blast in Moscow

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0:30an award-winning behavioural scientist and author of the best-selling book, How to Change, as she shares true stories from Nobel laureates, authors, athletes and everyday people about why we make the choices we do and how to make better ones to help avoid costly mistakes. Listen to choiceology at schwab.com slash podcast or wherever you listen.

0:53This is the Global News Podcast from the BBC World Service. I'm Nick Miles and in the early hours of Sunday 2nd August, these are our main stories. A bomb blast at a restaurant in Moscow has killed three people and injured many more. So who was responsible? After his policy climb down, pressure grows on the head of world football. And tributes to the well-known mountaineer Nirmal Purja, who died on a treacherous peak in Pakistan with nine other climates. Also in this podcast. Mum was very like, you've got a detective coming to speak to you, you're in a lot of trouble. So sat, waited, oh my gosh, who's going to come?

1:36How much trouble am I going to be in? The growing number of young illegal cyber hackers and attempts to rehabilitate them.

1:49In recent months, the Russian capital Moscow has become the target of ever increasing numbers of drone attacks from Ukraine. It's brought the conflict closer to ordinary Russians than ever before. Now we're hearing that there's been a bomb blast in the city in which at least three people have died and more than 20 injured. Emergency services and investigators have been at the scene, but the authorities have so far not confirmed who they believe was the target of the attack. BBC Russia's Olga Ivshina told me what we know so far. Russian National Anti-Terror Committee admitted that it has been an explosion in the restaurant in the center of Moscow.

2:28The first version was that it might have been a gas equipment, but then they made a statement that this has been an explosive device. This already means a lot if you sort of, you know, decipher this Moscow officials talk. This means they admit that something extraordinarily happened rather than claiming it was just, you know, troubles with some gas equipment. And of course, the fact that the statement was done by National Anti-Terror Committee means that they are treating this as an emergency and treating it as possible, possible terror attack. Now, Olga, are there other reports coming out from media that's not controlled by the state?

3:09Yes, so Russian independent media has been summarizing information and it seems that eyewitnesses which have been on the ground were saying that possibly it was some military official who had some celebrations in that restaurant. And also they believe that the person who was trying to enter the restaurant, they exploded. They claim this was a woman. So this is not official information, but this is what has been reported by Russian independent media, citing their source, that it has been a woman. As she was stopped by a security guard at the entrance to the restaurant, she has exploded. Now, in the last couple of years, several senior Russian military figures have been assassinated in and around the Russian capital.

3:57What reaction did Moscow have then? Indeed, it has been sort of a pattern. Since December 2024, three Russian generals have been successfully assassinated near their houses, and one more general has survived the assassination attempt. So clearly it has been a pattern. Of course, this is not discussed widely publicly because of Russian military laws. You know, the discussion of such things can bring you to jail for several years. But this is a restaurant in the center of Moscow. And of course, it affects mood of people, especially in the big capital. they feel that the war is becoming closer and closer to them.

4:38They feel the impact as opposed to a few months or a few years ago, especially for people living in Moscow and other major Russian cities. Olga Ivshina. Football, so often dubbed the beautiful game, is still in the middle of an ugly standoff. It features the head of the sport's global governing body on one side with increasing numbers of officials on the other. After days of uproar from regional football bodies, FIFA's boss Gianni Infantino scrapped his plans to sell stakes in the World Cup and other competitions to private investors. But that may well not be the end of the matter. The European Confederation, UEFA, said it had lost confidence in Mr Infantino's leadership.

5:21Laura McAllister is the vice president of UEFA, so should he step down? It's his decision, isn't it? If momentum gathers another confederations issue statements similar to ours, then I think it would make his position untenable. But let's see how the next 24 hours or so goes. Our responsibility always is to look after European football interests. And we've made that very clear in the statement that the events, not just of this week, but of previous weeks as well in the World Cup, over the overturning of the Balogun red card due to political interference, and of course various other events have accumulated to give us a sense that the leadership of FIFA doesn't have the best interests of football at heart.

6:02The governing body of North and Central American and Caribbean football, CONCACAF, says a comprehensive reckoning with the presidency was imperative. Mike McCarthy from BBC Sport gave me his assessment of these latest developments. He has the confirmed support of at least one FIFA member, Qatar, the host of the Men's World Cup in 2022. they commended what they called the wisdom of Infantino and his decision to withdraw the plan. In a statement they said, We affirm our full support for Infantino's continued efforts to develop football around the world. Other football associations have praised the decision as well without saying they still support Infantino.

6:41And then others have gone further. The Dutch FA say they no longer have confidence in Infantino, for example. So what we've seen is an incredible shift in the space of less than a week. Gianni Infantino has gone from looking unassailable in his bid to be re-elected as FIFA president next year to his position being in real jeopardy. For his part, Infantino says,

7:10Of course, Mr Infantino says he's seeking re-election next March, but could there possibly be a vote against him before that? There is a mechanism for triggering a vote of no confidence in the FIFA president. That would need 43 of FIFA's 211 members to call an emergency congress. And as you mentioned, UEFA, the body which runs European football, says it has lost confidence in Infantino. It's got 55 members, so in theory they have the power to trigger that vote. But there will be more things to consider, not least finding a credible candidate that could win the votes of a majority of FIFA members and therefore replace Infantino.

7:49It's probably not a great strategy to call for a vote until you know you can win it. And what about possible successors to Mr Infantino? It's a good question. Not a lot of strong answers. No one is speaking publicly yet. The nature of the statements we've seen from certain confederations, though, probably tells us about the type of platform FIFA members might support. The Asian Football Confederation says the future of global football must always be shaped through proper consultation, collective dialogue and respect for the established governance structures of our game. UEFA says it wants to see the end of secret schemes of dubious benefit and CONCACAF called Infantino's plan a unilateral and egregious act of poor governance.

8:31So whoever steps forward as a leading contender is likely to have reform on the agenda but reform might be easier to promise than it is to deliver. Miguel Maduro who is a former chairman of FIFA's governance committee He told the BBC this week that FIFA works as what he called a political cartel. It is fed and supported on a system of patronage. The BBC asked FIFA for comment on those claims. And you may remember when Infantino was elected in 2016, he told FIFA delegates that they would restore the image of FIFA and the respect of FIFA. There are plenty who would question that today. The longer this row goes on, the longer people around the world may well see this as being tarnished at a fundamental level.

9:14It's all about the money, they might say. The thing you could say to that is the way that football has responded to this plan in particular perhaps demonstrates that some federations around the world were able to put money to one side and the greater good of the game in there instead. So there are plenty of smaller federations that the money that was promised within this deal to sell parts of the World Cup off to private investors, would have yielded them much more than perhaps they make in any given year. But the members of CONCACAF, the smaller members of UEFA and indeed the Asian Football Confederation all said no to that.

9:53So that solidarity is something that many will praise in the game. Mike McCarthy from BBC Sport. Spanish police had begun installing a floating 500 metre barrier in the sea to prevent people from swimming around the border fence to reach its North African territory of Theuta. The authorities say at least 67 people died whilst trying to reach Theuta, while the civil guard fear more bodies will be recovered from the sea. EU ministers are to hold an emergency meeting to discuss the influx there of tens of thousands of migrants from Morocco, which has sparked a tense diplomatic row across the European Union.

10:32Here's Sarah Rainsford. Most of the tens of thousands of migrants who swam into Ceuta have now gone, escorted back to Morocco by Spanish soldiers and police. But their sudden arrival has shaken Europe politically and it's exposed tensions. Spain's socialist prime minister, Pedro Sanchez, has hit back at those in the EU he accuses of prejudice and playing politics instead of offering support. He means, above all, Italy, whose right-wing government was quick to post pictures of migrants running through the streets of Ceuta and then suspend its Schengen deal with Spain, the free movement of people, claiming security concerns.

11:10In Ceuta today, Spain's Interior Minister, Fernando Grande Malasca, stressed that fears of migrants heading to mainland Europe from Ceuta were unfounded. That selfishness and failure to acknowledge the values of the European Union has meant that the president of the government has called that extraordinary high emergency meeting because here we are talking about bad faith and a lack of knowledge because, as you know, Ceuta is not part of Schengen.

11:46It seems it was social media rather than Spain's migration policy that caused this crisis, though. Posts like this one with false promises of an easy path to Europe. Who started that rumour and why isn't clear yet. Spain is now reinforcing the border with Morocco, dropping a barrier into the sea to be patrolled by boats. But the political ripples from this crisis will continue. Sarah Rainsford. The prominent Nepali-British climber, Nomal Purja, is confirmed to be among the 10 people who died in an avalanche on Pakistan's broad peak mountain on Thursday. Purja became well-known internationally after a Netflix documentary followed him as he scaled the world's 14 highest peaks in just over six months in 2019.

12:34Ambarasan Itarajan told Keith Adams more about Nimal Purja. He was one of the most celebrated mountaineers in the world, a big name in Nepal where he was born. He came to Britain, he served the British military first as a Gurkha soldier, and then in the Special Forces Division. When he went back to Nepal, he wanted to pursue his passion in mountaineering. That's why he left the British military. And some of his records are unbelievable. The world's 14 highest peaks, he climbed that in about six months. The previous record was seven years. It is a huge challenge to any human body. He did it twice, and the second time without supplementary oxygen.

13:15And he was in Pakistan, actually was climbing a peak. And on his way out, suddenly he changed his mind because he was also pursuing 14 peaks challenge above 8 ,000 meters for a third time without supplementary oxygen. In fact, there was a very famous post just before that. He said, oh, I haven't done this. Why can't I? Opportunity doesn't scream. It will come and whisper to those already working in silence. So a real innovator, but he doesn't have a completely spotless record, does he? There have been issues about how he treated some of his porters. And also the New York Times carried an article about women climbers who were with him in some of the expeditions, accusing him of sexual abuse, which he denied through his lawyers.

14:02He flew an helicopter directly to Camp 2 of Mount Everest without authorization. So people were criticizing him for doing that, whether he was misusing his connections. And he was one of a team of 10 who died in this incident. What do we know about what happened to them? So there were Nirmal Purja and five other Nepalese. And there was also one American, one Omani, a Chinese and a Pakistani. So they were going up. In the morning, there was an avalanche. It swept them, brought them about 1 ,000 meters down, and many of them were stuck in the snow. They were hit in the rocks. Three bodies have been recovered so far.

14:42There's a massive rescue effort that's going on for the last two days. And one of the Nepalish Sherpa was talking about how these bodies are now scattered in very difficult places where you normally, you can't go there. It can put the lives of the rescuers at risk. And mountains are at that altitude. Things can change any time. and there are also fears of another avalanche. So they are weighing various options. Anbarasan Itarajan speaking to Keith Adams. Still to come in this podcast. It's got translucent light transmitting bands that then are interspersed with red ones like a jewel. We reveal a mesmerising new underwater species.

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16:17Pick up fees, may I buy. Choiceology, an original podcast from Charles Schwab, is a show about the psychology and economics behind our decisions. Join host Katie Milkman, an award-winning behavioural scientist and author of the best-selling book How to Change, as she shares true stories from Nobel laureates, authors, athletes and everyday people about why we make the choices we do and how to make better ones to help avoid costly mistakes. Listen to Choiceology at schwab.com slash podcast or wherever you listen.

16:54This is the Global News Podcast. Sometime over the next few days, a drifting rocket launched by Elon Musk's firm SpaceX is expected to crash into the moon at great speed, nearly 9 ,000 kilometres an hour. It's thought that it will leave a crater some 27 metres across and about five metres deep, with the dust and rubble visible through a telescope from Earth. A similar thing happened in 2022 when a segment of a Chinese rocket hit the moon on its far side. Caroline Wyatt got more from Dr Jenny Millard, an astronomer who presents the awesome astronomy podcast. So this is an upper stage from a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket that is going to crash into the moon unbelievably.

17:38It sounds a little bit like science fiction or something. We're expecting lots of lunar material to be kicked up and we'll see this plume of material sort of stretching out miles above the lunar surface because of the low gravity. There's no winds to disturb it either. so it's just going to make its way out into space and there's going to be a brand new crater on the moon. With our orbiters up there, we'll be able to see it. How did this SpaceX rocket come to be on the loose and take that trajectory and how fast is it going? It's going to hit the moon about seven times the speed of sound, a really high energy impact.

18:12We're talking many tons of TNT equivalent. And the reason it's ventured near the moon is because last year it launched a couple of lunar landers. So because it launched these craft into a lunar mission, it meant that it too was on a trajectory to go towards the moon. And it is avoidable. If you've got enough fuel left on board, you can fire the engines and kind of put these rocket bodies in orbit around the sun instead of just like leaving them loitering around in space doing who knows what. But unfortunately, that wasn't the decision that was made. And so now it's going to impact the moon. This sounds like a pretty major bit of space junk.

18:52How much of this stuff is currently orbiting the Earth and is anyone tracking it all? Excellent question. So there's about 18 ,000 satellites up in space and about 16 ,000 of those are still working. So there's a couple of thousand satellites just knocking about which are dead, they're defunct. But then beyond that, we actually track about 46 ,000 pieces of debris and satellites up there. and that's what we can track. They're bigger than about 10 centimetres in size but there's much more that we can't track because it's just simply too small and there's tens of millions, hundreds of millions of pieces right down to the size of Paint Flex and with you know possibly a million satellites commissions to go up from all sorts of different private corporations space is getting really busy and we cannot afford to have these uncontrolled bits of space rocket floating around up there.

19:43Dr Jenny Millard of the Awesome Astronomy podcast. The BBC has been given exclusive access to the UK's teenage hacker rehab programme, which is run by police to steer children away from cybercrime. The Cyber Choices programme has become increasingly important after numerous high profile hacks in recent years. Cyber correspondent Joe Tidy has been speaking to young hackers who are on the programme about how they strayed into minor illegal hacking before being caught. Mum was very like, oh, you've got a detective coming to speak to you, you're in a lot of trouble. So sat at the window waiting, oh my gosh, who's going to come?

20:24How much trouble am I going to be in? Lucas lives in a picturesque village in Cumbria in the northwest of England. He was caught twice hacking his school computers to play games and visit blocked websites. You've succeeded in doing something that two, three trained professionals have spent a lot of time trying to stop you doing, really. That's what I thought it was. It was just a challenge to see if I could. He was 16 when he was first given a warning. Because the teachers don't understand what I've done, they're just going to go off what the IT guys tell them. So if they say, get him out, they'll just kick me out.

20:55But Lucas wasn't expelled or arrested. He was enrolled onto a nationwide programme, steering kids away from illegal hacking. There is a good side to being a tech wizard. CyberChoices is like hacker rehab. It was set up in 2017 and is busier than ever. From Spain and Finland to the UK and the US, teenagers are being arrested for increasingly high-profile and harmful hacks. Cyberattacks on supermarkets have left shelves empty. Transport systems have been disrupted. Even nurseries held to ransom. Paul Foster works for the National Crime Agency. Young people are engaged with online activity and devices much, much sooner, and therefore they're exposed to the risks, not just of the online harms to them, but also their potential to cause really significant damage as a result of those digital skills.

21:47I learned the hard way. What I did was illegal. Around 1 ,000 teens and children have now been through the Cyber Choices programme, 200 in the last year alone. Yeah, so what do you think we could do there then? I've come to meet Constable Sam Cooper, the officer who knocked on Lucas's door earlier this year. He's been guiding the teenager ever since, teaching him what's legal and what isn't, encouraging him to pursue a career in cyber security, even signing him up for online courses to improve his skills. I'll try and find where their interests are and try and divert them towards professional training, qualifications.

22:22I want to scare them in a healthy way, not in a threatening way. There's loads of examples of teenagers or young adults who've got themselves into trouble and looking like being extradited to the US. Certainly, anecdotally, I'm very comfortable in saying that the vast majority of individuals I'm dealing with are neurodiverse. In Leicestershire, security professional Isaac is another CyberChoices success story. I've got autism, ADHD, so I used to struggle a lot with social and... At 15, Isaac hacked his school computers and found himself drawn into criminal groups online. I was tempted. I was mainly just watching.

22:59So I was in their server and they did try to get me involved, but I never really did. But CyberChoices is voluntary. Owen Flowers from Warsaw refused to join the course when he was 16. Early this month, he was jailed for five and a half years for hacking transport for London and two US healthcare companies. We're mindful of the fourth spectrum of this. So could cyber choices actually be upskilling potential cyber criminals? Paul Foster again. It is giving people education, it's giving them insight and it's probably making them more informed. My fear is though that if we didn't give them something like cyber choices, where would they get that input and where would that input take them?

23:37The NCA admits cyber choices can never solve the problem on its own, but the agency says the scheme is working and notes that other countries, including Australia and Canada, have launched their own versions to tackle the issue of young people falling into cybercrime. Joe Tidy. It's a body of water less than a metre deep, but the refurbishment of the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool in Washington has become a bottomless source of embarrassment for Donald Trump. It was renovated in time to mark July's 250th anniversary celebration of US independence. But splits in the new lining appeared, flaws that the Trump administration blamed on a number of people, including a former Olympian who was accused of vandalism.

24:21On Friday, though, the US Justice Department said the pool lining was poorly installed and there was no evidence of foul play. Well, President Trump has reacted and he is not happy with that decision, as our correspondent Nomi Iqbal told me. Donald Trump has conceded that there could be reconstruction failure there, but he's still claiming that this is vandalism. And, you know, just to remind the reflecting pool was his big baby. He wanted to renovate the whole thing in time for the 250th anniversary. Donald Trump is saying that it's still down to vandalism, but the Department of Justice, they have dropped the charges.

25:02They say that basically new evidence shows that the liner inside the reflecting pool had been failing way before David Hearn, the former Olympian canoeist who had been accused of vandalising it before he arrived. And they concluded that that damage was down to this flawed, rushed installation. And so they've dismissed the case, which obviously has left the president pretty unhappy. And it's interesting, it comes from the attorney who's responsible for the government's actions in Washington, D.C., Janine Pirro, a real ally. Total ally. I mean, she, as far as I can remember in the time that I worked in Washington, D.C., She stood completely in line with him on everything.

25:43There were some rumours that he might have made her an attorney general, but she has dropped that case because there's no evidence, the prosecutors have said, so he has criticised her over it. And I think that shows the way Donald Trump has relationships with so many people who are his allies and that when they do kind of deviate from his viewpoint on his way of doing things, he will lash out at them. What now then over this? Will he want to perhaps sort of forget it? Because it's been hugely embarrassing from the start. Maybe, but I think also Donald Trump does like to dig in. I think he will continue to, as he is doing, say that vandalism 100 % to blame.