Surveillance States & The Fight for Financial Freedom

4 Dec 2025 · 1 h 10 min

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Podcast Summary: Surveillance States & The Fight for Financial Freedom

Podcast Title

Raoul Pal: The Journey Man Podcast Description In "The Journeyman," Raoul Pal speaks with thought leaders at the intersection of macro, crypto, and technology to explore the implications of the Exponential Age. The podcast discusses emerging trends, investment opportunities, and the societal impact of rapid change.

Episode Details

Episode Title

Surveillance States & The Fight for Financial Freedom Episode Description In this episode, Raoul Pal is joined by Mert Mumtaz, co-founder and CEO of Helius, to discuss Mert's journey through the fields of engineering and crypto, focusing on the importance of privacy within the cryptocurrency space. The conversation touches upon various topics, including the scaling advantages of Solana, the fundamental aspects of Zcash, and how privacy is crucial in the evolution of digital finance.

  • Date Recorded: November 21, 2025

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Key Themes and Concepts

  1. The Importance of Privacy in Crypto
  2. Need for Privacy: Mert discusses the necessity of privacy in crypto, stating that it should protect individuals from states and malicious actors.
  3. Current Landscape: The public nature of blockchain transactions makes all financial activities visible, akin to a public bank account.
  4. Historical Context: Crypto was initially developed by cypherpunks advocating for privacy, a principle that is currently under threat.
  1. Mert's Background and Journey
  2. Professional Journey: Mert transitioned from traditional finance and fintech to the crypto space, citing frustrations with inefficiencies in conventional banking.
  3. Involvement with Helius: He co-founded Helius to provide infrastructure for the Solana blockchain, focusing on scalability and usability.
  1. Zcash and Privacy Solutions
  2. Zcash Overview: Zcash employs zero-knowledge proofs to ensure complete transaction privacy, distinguishing itself from other privacy coins like Monero.
  3. Comparison with Other Privacy Solutions: While Monero operates on a mixer-like system, Zcash's encryption offers stronger privacy guarantees.
  4. Implementation of Privacy: Discussion on the practical applications of Zcash, including its usability for everyday transactions and the potential for future growth.
  1. The State of Financial Freedom
  2. Government Surveillance: Discussion around the increasing encroachment of government surveillance on individual financial transactions, leading to loss of privacy.
  3. Freedom of Choice: The necessity for individuals to have the option of private transactions to maintain their personal freedoms and rights.
  4. Future Implications: The conversation suggests that with the rise of AI and increasing government control, the importance of privacy in finance will only grow.

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Key Takeaways

  • Privacy as a Pillar of Crypto: Mert emphasizes that privacy is not just an optional feature but a fundamental requirement for the continued evolution of digital finance.
  • Emerging Trends: The podcast highlights that as governments become more intrusive, the importance of privacy-centric cryptocurrencies like Zcash will likely increase.
  • DeFi and Privacy: There is a strong potential for integrating privacy features within decentralized finance, which could transform the way money is managed and exchanged on the internet.
  • Market Sentiment: The episode indicates that narratives around privacy coins could gain traction as public awareness of the need for financial privacy increases.

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Conclusion The episode brings to the forefront the critical discussion on privacy in the cryptocurrency realm, especially in light of the evolving societal and governmental landscape. Mert's insights provide a comprehensive view of why privacy technologies like Zcash are essential for safeguarding financial freedom in an increasingly surveilled world. The conversation encourages listeners to consider the implications of privacy, the role of new technology in finance, and the importance of advocating for individual rights within the digital economy.

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For further information and updates on the podcast, you can visit [Real Vision](https://rvtv.io/3LHYIaH).

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Transcript

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0:00More people are paying attention to crypto right now than ever before. So it's important to get your information from the sources you trust. That's why I want to give a big thanks to Bitwise for sponsoring today's episode. Bitwise manages over$10 billion across more than 30 crypto strategies. And they've been doing this since 2017. Here's what really sets them apart. They give back too. Bitwise actually donates part of the profits from its Bitcoin and Ethereum investments to open source developers, the people building and maintaining the networks that we rely on. So when you work with Bitwise, you're not just getting professional crypto exposure, you're helping fund the future of crypto itself.

0:40Check them out at bitwiseinvestments.com or email james at bitwiseinvestments.com and tell them Raoul sent you. Thanks. Hey, everyone. As you know, on this podcast, I bring the best guests in the world at that nexus of understanding of macro crypto in the exponential age of technology. If you're enjoying the show, a quick five-star rating goes a long way. It helps us grow and keep these conversations coming with the best guests in the world. Thanks a lot. Hi, I'm Ralph Howell, and welcome to my show, The Journeyman. That's where we travel to the nexus of understanding between macro crypto and the exponential age of technology.

1:19Now, today, I'm in a hotel room somewhere in the world. But the conversation I want to have is really important. It's the conversation about what privacy means within crypto. You see, many of the people who've been in crypto for a long time believe that crypto has a necessity to have privacy, privacy for our money, privacy from the state, privacy from bad actors. And I've been in this business for a long time, 2013. And I didn't realize or didn't think that at the time, the whole thing becomes a Wall Street model, where Wall Street has now co-opted our technology. And that does ask the question, is where is our privacy in all of this?

2:10When everything that we do is on chain, everything is seen by everybody. That's good actors, bad actors, governments, your friends. It's like having your bank account public. And that's not a good thing. So there are answers out there. And the person I'm bringing on today to talk to, Mert, is one of the key people, A, on X. He's one of the best shit posters that I've ever seen. He's also incredibly smart, incredibly thoughtful. he's key to the center of the Solana system, but also he really is passionate about Zcash. And Zcash, if you remember, is the crypto that's been around for a long time now that people like Barry Silbert have talked about.

3:00And people I take very seriously are looking at this. And I want to dig in and find out more what the real thesis is here, what it really means to us. is this real is this an opportunity and why it matters so anyway let's have a conversation with Mert join me Raoul Powell as I go on a journey of discovery through the macro crypto and exponential age landscapes in the journeyman I talk to the smartest people in the world so we can all become smarter together

3:35Mert, welcome to Real Vision. Sir, thank you for having me. Good to be on. You've not been on before, have you? Nope. I've been mentioned a few times, but never been on. No. Well, anyway, it's good to have you. I've followed you for a long time. Love everything you're doing, so it's good to have a conversation about all of this stuff. Let's go back and find out, how the hell did you get here in the first place? Because I always like people's stories because they're always different. Sure. Depending on where you want to start from, I guess the very condensed version is went from Turkey, Istanbul, to Canada, went to school in Canada, did engineering and math, worked at BlackBerry.

4:19And when that was a thing, that was fun. Did cloud infrastructure there, working on BBM. I thought that was fun. So I went to do more infrastructure work for the big Canadian banks. So investment banking, trading infrastructure, security, ATM withdrawals, all these different things. It was a bit too slow for me. So I worked at a few fintechs instead in Canada. Those are a bit better, but they were also too slow. And so and just too inefficient, frankly, and bureaucratic. And so obviously I came to crypto, which I had already been introduced to from school through pure cryptography and math courses and whatnot.

4:59And so I worked at Coinbase. That was slightly before they went public. And then when they went public, I was still there. And there I got to see, you know, Ethereum versus Polygon versus Solana and all these different things. and uh in 2021 i basically quit coinbase to start a company called helios which does infrastructure on solana at a time where that was a very you should have chosen a different name you know this don't you look in my defense in my defense at that time helium was its own chain and it didn't even exists on Solana. But yes, for sure, it did not work out there. And yeah, I mean, so I quit Coinbase, started Helios with my two co-founders, Liam and Nick.

5:51And then I started tweeting much more. And that's probably what I'm mostly known for, I would say. So talk me through your kind of journey into crypto. So you go to Coinbase, but you obviously knew about it beforehand. What was your kind of frame of reference, how you understood it? What got you interested in it? Yeah, so mine was actually from an academic perspective at first, which is to say, I was taking pure math courses, and I was going to do a PhD in math or physics. And so I was studying the cryptography behind these systems. And because that was my frame, I used to mistakenly think that I would need a PhD to contribute to the field.

6:36Of course, this is before I found out that there's people on Twitter who just will say anything. But at that time, that was my frame. So I never actually got too into it. And frankly, I was also not very into money. I used to be like icked by money. I was like, why are these people always doing this? Why aren't they just building cars? And it was like a very 2018 Elon Musk frame, basically. Obviously, I've grown up since then. But at that time, that was a frame. And so instead, what I ended up doing was just working on pure infrastructure stuff for adjacent fields that weren't crypto. But then those fields were finance.

7:17So banking and fintechs and all these different things. And as I kept working in those fields, I was like, the way that these guys do engineering, the way that money moves, the way that the economy functions on the Internet is so broken that I cannot believe it is like this. It is one of the only things that has not actually entered the Internet age. And that just kept annoying me. And I basically kept going slightly more modernized in the stack. So from banking to fintech to crypto. And then even at Coinbase, I was like, this is much better. I like I'm working with many smart people here. But even here, for example, they're going with Ethereum over Solana.

7:59It doesn't make sense to me. And so I'm going to go double down on what I believe to be the right architecture. And was it the element of money that interested you? So the Bitcoin angle or you came in by the smart contract angle? Because surely the reference point of Turkey must have some relevance in terms of the understanding of what money does. That's a good question. Funny enough, it was probably backwards for me. So most people come into it for Bitcoin and then go into other fields. I actually came into it for Ethereum because I just liked writing. the idea that I could write code to move around money in the world was super cool to me.

8:43And so it started with Ethereum for me. And then I heard about Bitcoin and I was like, okay, yeah, this is pretty cool too, but it doesn't do anything. I'm not sure why it doesn't do anything. This is kind of weird. And then I obviously went to Solana. I was like, okay, now it's time to scale this code. And then somewhere along the road, I was like, this all sucks. Actually, I really like Bitcoin's approach of not doing anything. That seems much better to me. And so then it ended up being like this barbell where it's like, I'm both going to do super fast stuff that's programmable, but then also I want this pet rock that does nothing.

9:17Yeah, and that makes sense to me because they are two very different things. You know, the programmable element of money doesn't make it money itself. So we don't have to think of Solana as money. We can think of it as value, but it doesn't have to be money. Well, Bitcoin doesn't do anything else. it just sits there and is what it is and so that's a much better use case for that as the store of value argument and these are just technology networks is what people because it becomes so tribal people forget that these are just network technologies of which the network can be used for different use cases yes so i mean because i've obviously recently started talking more about zcash and we can get into that but since i was known for talking about solana people were like whoa like why are you talking about something that's not solana it's like it's kind of like saying you know why would you invest in robin hood when you've invested in gold it's like they're just completely different asset types with completely different theses on basically everything um the only similarity they possess is that they both require money for you to invest in them or something but that's about it uh they're they're very different i know but for some reason fin twitter or crypto twitter can't get their heads around the fact that you can own more than one asset yeah it's it's incredible um but like you know as anatoly says the the thing to understand especially in crypto when it's newer technology is that you want to reduce you you want to find pmf in a very small niche and so like for example uh lily who's at a salon foundation tweeted something today which was like the terms programmable store of value are a mixed or or or a mashup of words that don't make sense in reality, which is to say like for a store of value asset like Bitcoin, it probably makes much more sense that it doesn't do anything except for that use case, versus if it's going to be programmable, then the way you look at that asset in terms of like maybe revenues or speed or technology, or, you know, the ability for it to amass network effects is just a different framework for an investor.

11:19So Helios, what was the idea of setting it up? What were you, what are you out to achieve with it? And why did Solana become your gravitational pull at that point? Or still is. Right. Right. So, and cut me off if I get too technical, but basically one of the things that I was super annoyed by in crypto was the lack of useful applications. When I came in, it seemed to be all basically borrow and lending. And that was it. And that was a good use case, but that's it. And it seemed to me like there was many more interesting things you could do with crypto. but if you built them on Ethereum, then you would have to pay crazy fees and it wouldn't scale.

12:01But then if you built them on Solana, Solana was very hard to build on and nobody can read the block explorers and all these different things. So it had all of its own unique sets of problems. But then, so I recall how I went to a PhD in physics. I've always been very interested in the thinking from physics perspectives. And then I thought to myself, okay, for the next five to ten years which one is least barred by the laws of physics right because anything that is barred by the laws of physics is not a problem i can solve but anything that's not barred by a lot of physics is something i can solve which is the elon musk approach yeah yeah exactly and so then i look at salon i'm like okay these guys are engineers and they design everything from first principles to use physics as a complement as opposed to something to basically oppose for ideological reasons.

12:55And so if I take that playground, that, let's say, foundation, then I can build structures on top of it that I know will stick because they obeyed the laws of physics. And so that's to say, all the problems that Solana had in 2021 were soluble engineering problems. And, you know, because people were saying like, oh, like it's going down and stuff. And it's like, look, if you actually knew why it was going down, it was due to a certain spam problem. And we knew that once we added fee markets, that it would scale much better for when the next wave of activity came. And that is exactly what happened, right?

13:30Like people think meme coins became big on Solana because, you know, we promoted or something. That's not the case. The reason is because it was most usable. Yeah, it couldn't exist anywhere else. Exactly. And so Helios, like most of the teams on Solana use us for, you know, their data needs or sending transactions and building their applications in general. And so we had to build a lot of the infrastructure that these teams use so they can actually build product instead of like this weird infrastructure kind of circular VC game. And where have you got to now in the crusade for reducing latency and increasing bandwidth?

14:11it? Well, so today Solana does more transactions per second than most chains in crypto combined. And it does that not only is it more scale, it does it at a lower median fee, meaning you get to do more for less than most other places. But then you also get because, you know, there will be a lot of shortcuts within these systems like L2s, where there's a lot of trust assumptions, Like you have to trust the corporation behind it to not mess with your money in some sense or for them to not go down. Versus with Solana, it is actually quite decentralized. It's not as decentralized as Ethereum, but it is after Ethereum the most decentralized.

14:53So we've certainly come a long way. Now, that said, like there's still a long way to go. Like it depends on how you're going to get. But I think we can become 10x faster, 100 times cheaper, and at least two times more usable for developers to then build applications for. And we have a lot of new products. So we just released a new Block Explorer, for example. We've made it easier for people to get historical data, which they couldn't do before. So I would say going forward, Solana will be the only blockchain that maximizes both speed and performance, but also decentralization simultaneously, because most people kind of just choose one.

15:39And, you know, that opens up a lot more use cases. I mean, this is, you know, the Internet of Capital Markets. That's one of them. But just generally much higher velocity use cases for for blockchain itself, whether it's social media, whether it's ticketing, whether it's, you know, all of the things unlocks the power of what NFTs can actually do. They're a technology that's not just about, you know, JPEGs. Yeah, I mean, the dream is basically that somebody, anybody from anywhere in the world with just an internet connection can come and use Solana as their backbone for just spinning up a Coinbase competitor or a Robinhood competitor or a Visa competitor, right?

16:18Like we have all the financial infrastructure, the liquidity, the assets, the integrations, and all you need to do is just have the grit, the mentality, and let's say the product taste to come, build on the chain, and then now you basically can compete with anybody in the world on the same playing ground. another glaring gaps in the ecosystem that you still think need to be filled privacy is one of them which you you're working on right now but any other glaring gaps you see that you know you think you look at it and think you know people need to start developing in this area yes so obviously privacy um number two which will be actually fixed soon would be we haven't had many hit perpetual exchanges, perhaps exchanges, right?

17:06Nothing like a hyperliquid. But I think quite a few teams are actually not working on that, which will come out. I think we're making way in stable coins, but Ethereum still dominates in stable coins. Solana has higher percent growth, but what institutions care about is going to be just total aggregate numbers. Like, okay, how many millions of dollars in stables do they have? And like, we are behind there because we started just much later. And there was certainly like FTX blow up did not help with trust. But like, so that's another stable coins and high trust use cases like borrow and lending.

17:42I think like Aave is still the gold standard. And there's good teams on Solana as well, like Jupiter, Lend and Camino. But they're just starting from way behind. And so they need to, they're going to need some time to catch up. I think, and honestly, I think that's basically it. I think a lot of people make the mistake of trying to shoehorn blockchains into solving all sorts of different problems. But fundamentally, they're just financial technology. And so what you want to do is, at least in the case of Solana, is aggressively dominate the financial use cases, right? The borrow land, the payments, and the trading.

18:18And then when you do that, you can compose across those different verticals to build interesting things that didn't exist before at all. and so how did you then manage to shit post your way into zcash because that was a great arc um that um left people baffled but also made a lot of people think and you know a lot of people in this space that you know i know personally have also paid very close attention to zcash and been around a while you know speaking to barry silbert the other day and you know several others so what is that what is your arc to to get to that basic idea well so the the actual story is that since like solana is known for scale and i'm a core person on solana a year and a half ago there was people working on scaling zcash um and they basically just consulted me and they said hey like do you think this will work what do you think about this approach and so that was my first introduction and um this was around eth brussels and belgium and so that's when i first started doing some research and it's like okay what exactly is this how does this work will their approach work and then i met a guy named sean bow who's the lead cryptographic engineer there who is really like the zcash people don't know this but like they're the first guys who actually pioneered zk proofs like you've heard the term zk if you're in crypto but like zcash is the first uh team on earth to have actually deployed that in production so if you look at the early people who are behind that project they're world experts like the literally the best people in the entire world in that field which like i just didn't know um and like some of them are still around working on this and then that's i think that's just super cool because it's pretty rare to get world experts all focused on like the same set of problems that actually makes a difference.

20:19Okay, so as I kept basically, you know, digging around and talking to people, and then just with that new, let's say, uptreated frame in my mind of like privacy, I just kept noticing how much of it was missing from everyday, let's say, crypto systems, right? If you just think about this for a second, who was crypto started by? And really, it was started by Satoshi and the cypherpunks. And by the way, Satoshi cites Zuko, the creator of Zcash, in the early days for Bitcoin. So Zuko actually predates Satoshi, which is kind of a crazy fact. Which I didn't even know that. Anyway, so it's the cypherpunks that created it.

21:04And so what are the cypherpunks? Well, the Cypherpunks are this group of people who used cryptography and open source code to build systems of freedom. They're the people who fought for encryption, for free internet, all these different things. And one of their main premises is privacy. If you read the Cypherpunk manifesto, privacy is basically the entire premise of that manifesto. But if you look at the state of crypto today, that is the major thing that's actually missing from the original vision of crypto. And I had Balji on the podcast and he framed it this way, which is there's really three problems in the arc of crypto.

21:49One was when Bitcoin came out, the problem was, is it legitimate? Will people use this thing as a store of value? Will people transact with it? now we know that that part is good right now it's a two trillion dollar asset the second was when Vitalik came along and said this should we should be able to program this to do other things and so we created ethereum and then it totally came along and said okay we can program it but it needs also scale for it to be useful okay but then the third thing that this is the last piece that's unsolved is that every time you do anything on the blockchain, it's transparently broadcasted to everybody on earth and they can see everything you've ever done, right?

22:31Which is, by the way, much worse than cash, much worse than gold, and even much worse than the banks, right? So that seems like a pretty big problem. And the interesting part here - But people forgot that, right? It was bizarre that they didn't realize that you're basically your bank account, public knowledge to everybody in real time. Exactly. And, you know, people forget that if you look at the old Bitcoin forum posts where Satoshi was still around, Halifani was still around, they both mentioned that, well, one, they want to add anonymity and privacy to Bitcoin, which obviously just didn't happen.

23:07But two, when they found out about ZK proofs and ZK technology, they said, yes, this would be great to add to Bitcoin and it would enable a much better and more efficient Bitcoin. However, we don't know how to add it. And that was fair because it was 2010 and the tech basically didn't exist. But now the tech does exist. Right. And so that is not to say like Zcash should replace Bitcoin or anything like this. But like it is to say it does solve this problem that like we can acknowledge is a problem, like the lack of privacy. And so for people who value that, you know, you can kind of just have allocation to it or maybe you want to do more research into it, etc.

23:47right like that's my general thesis which is like i hold gold bitcoin zcash and then on the trading side i'll hold like you know robin hood solana hyperliquid and so i know it's going to be a bit technical for people but i think it's important what is the differences with the other privacy coins and why does zcash stack up because i think it's important to understand the thesis behind it because it's not just random i love this token you know it's a lot of thought process behind that? Sure. So the first way to think about it is that it's a fork of Bitcoin. So the tokenomics and everything mimic Bitcoin very closely in terms of having and fixed supply, the store of value aspect, etc.

24:33So it's very easy to reason about, but also it's relatively de-risk because we know Bitcoin works. Now, in terms of the actual tech, that gets a little complex, but let me just simplify it. You know the game where you have like one ball, like ping pong ball, and then you have three cups, and then you kind of mix them around until and then you ask, where's the ball? So that's basically the concept of a mixer in crypto, right? Like Tornado Cash, or these other kind of privacy solutions are what are called mixers, because you put your funds into the pool you mix up the pool and then you try to make it harder for people to guess who put in what and then who took out what now you can still see everything like you can see okay Mert actually interacted with this mixer so therefore he might be a terrorist or something so you can there's still a lot of shortcomings um and you can do like timing attacks like for example okay this person put in money one minute before and then took it out right after that looks suspicious like you can And by the way, it's not quantum proof.

25:36So like quantum computers can actually de-anonymize these later on. And you can use probabilistic frameworks to then figure out who's doing what. And we've already seen that with these mixers. They're not, they're far from perfect, I guess. Exactly. Yes. And so what Zcash says is like, okay, so like a good frame to think about this mixer framework is that these things aren't encrypted. They're transparent, but you're trying to confuse people by mixing up the transparent transactions. OK, Zcash uses the oldest trick in the book, which is encryption. Right. It's how the Internet works. It's how credit card numbers are obscured.

26:14It's you encrypt it such that that data is not readable at all. Right. And so the way to do this, so like in that game that I mentioned where you have the ball in the three cups, Zcash is if is as if the ball did not exist. It is completely invisible. You don't know the amount. You don't know the sender. You don't know the receiver. You don't know anything. right it completely hides it with a zero knowledge proof which is to say um it it you can reveal or you can verify that nothing bad happened without revealing while having zero knowledge about the actual thing and so that is a that is the strongest cryptographic guarantee that you can get to true privacy because you don't have to play these mixing games which rely on for example people always making transactions, right?

27:03Like you don't need to hide in the crowd and then rely on the crowd. You can just become truly invisible. And what does Monero do in comparison? So Monero basically does the mixer analogy that I said. It is a stronger form compared to like a Tornado Cash, because Tornado Cash is, for example, optional, right? Like you don't have to use it if on Ethereum versus on Monero, basically every one transaction that you make creates 15 fake transactions. That's a simplified version of it, but it obscures as opposed to being, it's not transparent, it tries to confuse you. Now, it's still not encryption though, right?

27:46Like you can still with probabilistic frameworks, bad user operational security opsec you can still de-anonymize trace or cache people um and like snowden for example comments on this where like it's certainly still much better than basically anything else out there in terms of privacy with the only exception of zcash because you just cannot like just logically speaking if if you don't need to obscure something because it doesn't exist to begin with that is obviously going to be a stronger form of privacy. And how quantum proof is it? Because that's becoming a conversation that's growing and it has to over time is, you know, the quantum proofing of some of these networks.

28:32And from what you've been suggesting, it's more quantum proof or easier to quantum proof. What do you think? With quantum proofing, there's a few dimensions you need to look at, but the privacy part of it, which is to say, let's say you shielded your Zcash and you stay in the shielded pool and you did nothing else. So quantum computers cannot attack that because, like I said, there's nothing to attack. It's invisible. Like you need some piece of data to be able to reverse code. But with Zcash, you have zero data or I mean, you have some data, but like this isn't the data that quantum computers could come after.

29:05and then you kind of and then you can kind of look at in the executional um capability framework which is to say zcash has been designing for quantum since day one because they're all hardcore cryptography nerds who are like to their detriment always thinking about this sort of shit even though like it's maybe not so practical but then now it's okay it could be practical soon right and not that soon of course i think it's still like many years out but um There's a blog post by Sean Bo, who I mentioned earlier in the show, where he talks about the ways that it is secure and the ways that they're going to keep adding new things, which is to say Zcash is probably the best prepared.

29:51It's still not perfectly prepared, but it's the best prepared. And then, you know, it's interesting to me because I hear the same thing because Viya Balaji that I speak to or Chris Berniski, Barry Silbert. There's a lot of people and people have been looking at this or have held it for a while and kind of waited. Why did the narrative suddenly stick? Why do people understand? I mean, obviously, there's a lot going on in Europe to make people concerned that the world is going the wrong way when it comes to this. But why suddenly the narrative catch on? Your favourite neighbourhood spot grows with Square.

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31:11That's S-Q-U-A-R-E dot com slash G-O slash R-E-A-L-B-I-S-I-O-N. yeah so this is uh the debate of a lot of conspiracy theories um but i i think these things are always overdetermined meaning everybody thinks it's because thing x or thing y or thing z but really it's some combination of all those leading to some like social like this is just how social media algorithms work right which is to say somebody starts talking about it more than usual which leads to somebody else talking about it more than usual and this can really only happen if by the way like the things make sense and also when naval says things people take it like the word of god has been delivered and exactly and so that sparks a lot of interest to do it you can tell naval's footprint everywhere because suddenly tim ferris is now tweeting about um zcash and like tim's close friend of naval's it's hilarious to see and even after he said oh i learned arthur learns it from from naval as well yeah yeah uh like i didn't realize that tim ferris actually now follows me and i was like okay interesting um but like it's it's really like i think the social media algorithms are the most obvious answer which is say i started talking about it quite a bit even in 2024 um and then until price moved like like it at first it moved like 10 or something and then it caught the eyes of like some of my other friends we then started talking about it and then it just kept kind of sticking in people's brains and then obviously nalala talked about it who like i know nalala um and then obviously that is a huge catalyst but then like chris was also talking about it before me as well barry was talking about it and so you combine that with obviously price action um because you know like let's face it it's not a very liquid asset if you buy any amount on binance at least in that time it just goes up or down um and you combine that with um like the fact that what i mean monero got 51 attacked for a few weeks before zki started going up so like it was kind of top of mind for people um and then yeah like you said europe getting just increasingly draconian and then you just kind of combine all these different things.

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34:13In addition, Gemini's Active Trader gives you professional grade tools like custom views, charts and alerts so you can trade and manage your portfolio all in one place. Terms apply. Signing up is free. Start investing today at Gemini.com forward slash real vision. And, you know, I think, you know, one of the things you've mentioned in the past is that it does appeal to Bitcoiners. So the original people who are in the space, it's it's the next step for them is like, you know, I wouldn't mind doing some of this as well as just in case policy. So a quick break in your regular programming. If you're serious about your future, grab my free report called Prepare for 2030.

34:52I think you've got five years to make as much money as possible. And this guide will help you navigate what's coming. The link is in the description. Download it now. Yeah, yeah, that's a very spicy topic because it certainly appeals to certain Bitcoins. And then certain Bitcoiners really hate it. I mean, I haven't seen them hate anything this bad in a while, which is like I used to make fun of this because it's like, look, you're like fart coin and like actual scam coins going up. You don't care about those. But if the one coin that just takes Bitcoin and encrypts it makes you mad, like there's something interesting there.

35:26Right. And but yeah, like it is one of the coins where it did seem like it was the most collaborative I've seen crypto Twitter, which is to say, like people who care about privacy on Solana, Cosmos, Ethereum, Bitcoin, all are like, oh, actually, I like to see Zcash doing well, because like this is a big core component of crypto, which is privacy, right? Like you can't necessarily have freedom from the state if the state can actually just watch everything you're doing at all times anyway, right? Like you can kind of tell yourself that story, but if they know who you are, then like you're missing a certain piece of it.

36:07And then also on the money part, and this part's maybe a bit more controversial, but one of the core properties of, let's say, gold or money is fungibility, right? You can swap one piece, one kilogram of gold for another. With Bitcoin, and we saw this in Canada with the truckers, that might not be the case because it's traceable, right? Like you can see Bitcoin, here's its path, here's who held it. It was a terrorist organization. And now you might not be able to exchange that Bitcoin for the same value, right and you you don't have this with like gold and cash because you have privacy and privacy enables true fungibility right and so from the if you approach it from first principles it does seem like this side of of money the side of store of value that privacy enables is also pretty slept on the hard part of all of this is we're all tired from the battle i mean i've been in the space since 2013.

37:08And you've had to go through every piece of shit, fight every single authority. You had to fight regulation. And here, you're actually asking people to do it all over again. Because to choose privacy is to choose the battle against the state yet again, to exert our rights over our money. And it's hard, because the first thing they'll try and do is shut it down. And we've all lived through this all the way through, you know, crypto, 12 years of crypto have taught me this, but we're gonna have to do that all over again, aren't we? Yeah, no, that's, I think that's the strongest counter. Like, I think that's a very valid point.

37:45And it also goes into the question of why now, which is to say, look, who is president, okay, we have a president releasing meme coins, and, and, and, you know, putting like random shit coins on the reserve and all these different things. And so while we're legalizing all these different random things, that are maybe not the best parts of crypto, we should probably also legalize, like, I mean, if you're American, like your literal rights, right? Like privacy is our right in many parts of the world, not everywhere, but like it is normal, right? Like you, it shouldn't be the case that, oh, my money's private because I have something to hide.

38:21It's like, no, it's like, you know, it's just none of your business. Same reason why I don't broadcast all my messages. Same reason why I don't walk around naked. It's like, it's none of your business. I don't need to hide anything. I'm not going to break the law, right? Like, if I want to do that, I would just not use the internet at all, actually. But, like, you know, I think while Trump is president, while there's this extremely crypto-friendly administration, it's a good time to push on this and get clarity around, like, what is allowed, what is not allowed. can we can we like you even have um you know uh katie han who's one of my investors at han ventures um but also the actually the commissioner of the sec like hester pierce um they both written uh long blog posts about like hey america like are we infringing the privacy of our our financial or like the the the user's financial lives right like is this really correct um we need to really think about this and like has to appear Steven says uh I think the quote is like you need to fight zealously for the right for your own privacy it when it comes to money the issue is even if the US agrees it for now it is not clear that anybody can because of the US FATCA laws so this is the the kind of KYC AML that the US has forced on everybody in the world that they are so scared of that, that they can't allow privacy because they're so obsessed by money laundering and terrorist funding and all of this stuff that the US put into place.

39:57So it kind of sets up everybody in the battle here because it's impossible even for Europe to deal with it. Yeah, no, it's again, that's like whenever people ask me about this thesis, that is always the hardest part of it because like we don't have that much influence over it. We need the right administration. We need the right kind of amount of people evangelized that are voting with their own money and with raising awareness. Like there's certain ways to get around certain parts of this, like Toyota Cash, for example, has like ZK proofs for compliance. Like, hey, we can prove this didn't come from a terrorist operation or something.

40:37With things like ZKash, you won't be able to do that because that's like an L1 where you don't want that level of control. You want it to be truly state free. but like there is different ways to move around this and you know if the it's going to have to be a combination of like tools that are actually unstoppable in some sense like the true vision of crypto combined with sensible legislation and like i think there's always going to be some sort of a fight like nobody likes giving up control but like fundamentally the governments exist to serve us right like in in the general sense the purpose of the government is to serve its people and so if the people want something then if it's a functioning system it should be the case that it moves more towards the people than completely away from them yeah but we would then have to go through i mean i don't disagree and i think what makes it interesting is having a battle ahead and you see a path through it means that the asset is underpriced versus its potential so you know that's that's always the good thing if you if you can see a path through it then it gets there but it is it's very difficult because we're going to go again through all the politicians saying well well, it's for drug money and it's through all of this.

42:00And that's a difficult fight to have when all these governments don't have enough taxes to pay their bills. Yeah, I think, again, I think that's a good point. I think the fight is going to be fought. And I think we can make it a very rational one to say, look, cash is more private than crypto. right like people can already do this today um they can already do this with your other europe just banning cash even further you know so it makes it yeah it makes it really hard to transact in cash in europe beyond you know a couple of thousand euros now yeah yeah so europe specifically is really going the complete opposite way of most of uh sanity but like um i i think and i mean they're not even doing this with just money by the way they're doing this with I think there was a chat control proposal where they tried to put backdoors on all private chats ever which you know like at some point like there's only so much indignity you can treat your people with before they are like look we're going to let the new governments like you can't just completely take like I should be able to have private chats with my friends like you should not be able to read that okay like we can do this in person like it's unless you're going to ban me from actually meeting my friends right like i think um but but yeah certainly that is the one big uh question which is going to be like okay is it going to be some you know regulatory arbitrage thing where like some people actually allow it some people don't and then people flee to certain regions i mean that's already kind of happening today with people going to like uh you know let's say dubai singapore uh different parts of the world it's already been kind of slowly happening and that's kind of the largest theory as well we can do it in network state terms and it makes sense if you want to put your money into places that treat your money better, one of them will be the availability of privacy.

43:53Yeah. Yeah. So I don't have any great, comfortable, confident answers. Otherwise, there'd be no upside, right? Like, otherwise, there'd be no risk. That is the point. That's the point. You know, when I, you know, I think Bitcoin for me, it was at 200 and I wrote the first ever kind of macro strategy piece on it. And it was like, listen, it might go to zero, but I think it goes to 100 ,000 and at$200, this is probably the best bet I've ever seen. And it kind of works out in the end, but the path is a difficult path. And it feels the same here. For me, it's very rare that I hear something that really makes me sit back and think.

44:28And the Zcash thing has really made me sit back and think that, you know, you're right, that privacy in one way, shape or form doesn't have to be for all your money, but something is going to be very important in the world going forwards. You know, we also have to contend with a massive rise of AI agents and the power of how people can use that against you and your money and, you know, any mistake you make online, all of this stuff makes it very, very difficult. And to have money shielded away from that is another plus point because, you know, the attack vectors get faster and smarter every day.

45:04Yeah. I mean, it's, and then on like the other dimension here is, um, like it's, it's also, Also, I mean, at least for me, like, I don't necessarily need the money, to be frank. It's more like, like, what kind of world do you want to live in and what you want your children to live in? Is it a world where they just do not? It's like they always have to get permission from their daddy, the state to do anything they want. Or is it a future where the individual actually has control over their life? Right. And it's like, even if that mission doesn't work, it's like, look, we have to try and we're going to keep trying.

45:38Like somebody needs to do it. And why are they doing this? Why are the why is the state becoming more oppressive over time? Oh, that's that's probably a better question for a biology who is like who can just tell you an entire history lesson. I know Bellagio would, but I just want to see your why do you think it is? I mean, observationally, it's we can it's clear, but it's not clear why it actually is a pretty good question. I think it's due to the incentive structure, which is to say, if you are somebody who can, and like, by the way, I don't think these people are all like evil. I think it's they're kind of just playing the roles that this structure has set up for them.

46:24So, for example, they might actually mean well. They might be, you know, in their own way thinking like, hey, we want to protect you from terrorism and all those different things. therefore we need to do such and such. And maybe they think they're right. Right? And so like I think some of it generally is good faith from some of them, not all of them. But I do think like there's a, I think Taleb has a really good framing on this, which is like some of these people have no skin in the game. Right? Like they are detached from the results of their actions. I think the most clear example of this was like the Hawks that basically want wars in certain parts of the world.

47:06So, you know, back in the day, for example, you would have the generals on the front lines, and if they make the wrong decision, they die with the troops. Now that's not the case, right? Now what happens is somebody in this cozy little room with a bunch of security tells people, hey, go do this. It was the wrong decision. It doesn't affect them, right? Like, at most, they lose some money, or maybe somebody tweets at them. And then at best, they get eternal glory, basically. They say, oh, like, this person's a genius. And so the incentive is very skewed. And so that makes people do a lot of things for their own reasons, as opposed to, like, what's the optimal incentive for society as a whole.

47:45So I do think a lot of it comes to a lack of skin in the game and detachment from reality, which is why you get, like, all these. I think, like, the best way to understand this is to just read Taleb's skin in the game book, where I think he, like, probably is super harsh. but like I think he does have good points when it comes to the bureaucratic nature of the world today and I think your point that most of these people don't even realize they're doing it because they're thinking they're protecting the population because when you go to Europe it's a very different world than you read on Twitter you know when I hang out in Spain with friends nobody's going oh my god we're the oppressed people look what the government's doing they don't think about it at all They're like, fuck, yeah, they're stopping me using the cash that I got so I can avoid taxes.

48:30But, you know, I'll figure a different way around it. They don't seem to see it the same way as the kind of American lens on freedom. And so it's like a frog boiling in the water, because if the state does turn against you in a more serious way, if, and Europe's got a history of that, then you've got bigger problems than people understand. Yeah. And like, I don't know. So I'm obviously Turkish and I lived in Toronto. And which Canada, like people think Canada's a super safe place, extremely nice people. And then I'm in Dubai. The interesting thing is that Dubai is like infinitely safer than Canada, where the people are much nicer.

49:14And it's somehow much more diverse. uh like can't always try to do this diversity thing uh but it really just ends up being like two three countries match versus dubai just like all these random people from the world just trying to come in it's like i'm like how is this place more diverse more secure and i don't have to get taxed versus canada where i was told everything is such and such um so like i think a lot of um it's it's a good observation that like the skew the perception of people on on social media versus the real places is some of the widest i've seen where people think like if you come to dubai you can't even drive as a woman or something and i'm like i've seen women dress more uh let's say here than anywhere else in the world i don't know what you're talking about it's like um you know i I speak to friends of mine in England where I grew up and I'm like, well, is everybody getting knifed in the streets and every Rolex being taken?

50:12And, you know, they're like, what the fuck are you talking about? And I'm like, well, I say on X all day that the UK is a lawless society. That's full entirely fallen apart. They're like, no, just not like that at all. So there, there is a kind of a weird world where social media is skewed everything that you can't even tell what anything is like anymore. Yeah. Yeah. I agree. I think like, Like, Europe has declined in my... Like, when I went to Brussels, I was like, I'm kind of scared to be here. Like, I haven't felt scared in the streets of Istanbul, but I feel scared here. It's kind of weird.

50:46But obviously, social media does have the incentive that the most outrageous thing has to dominate. And that's just the name of the game today. So, going back to the practicalities, how do people buy Zcash? And they need to understand the idea of shielding as well. because if not, you just number go up, but you're not doing the whole privacy thing. So yeah, explain how they do it because it's an important thing. I think the easiest way is on your mobile phone, you download the wallet called Zashi, Z-A-S-H-I. You just download it. And then there, if you click, like you'll see, you know, send, receive, pay.

51:28There's also a button that says more, and then it says swap. and then once it says swap, you can swap into it from any chain, right? So from Solana, Ethereum, Bitcoin even. And you just send funds to the address and it does a swap for you. And then it shields your ZEC for you as well. So it's in the shielded pool because you got to understand that Zcash has both a transparent version, which is Bitcoin basically. And then it has a shielded pool, which is the actual private version. And so Zashi shields it for you. I like to call it like your little Swiss vault in your pocket. It's literally an internet Swiss bank account, except you're storing Zcash instead.

52:11So that's the best way I would do it. And how do you see your own balance? How do you see it? Can you hold it in your ledger device? I mean, how does it work then, the practicality of owning this thing that doesn't exist? You can see your own balance because you have what's called the viewing key. So nobody else can see, but you can see it, obviously. um with um with ledger ledger does not have shield of sport yet they're adding it but keystone does so you can and the app will walk you through this um the other way is you go on sol swap.org so sol swap.org and it's a browser version of this where you can swap into zcash um you can obviously buy some centralized exchanges and then withdraw to your zashi wall to shield it you can actually buy it on Solana.

52:56We brought the Solana. So it's wrapped ZEC. And so you can swap into it on Solana and then maybe bridge back. You can do the same thing on Hyperliquid. So that was one of my big focuses, which is like, I need to get this app or token on DeFi because if the centralized exchanges do delist it, then we need to actually make sure that people can still get it. And that's the whole point of decentralized finance, right? So now we have that as well. Why can't the shielding technology be used for other tokens? So using ZK technology stack, can it not be applied to other chains as well? Oh, yeah, of course.

53:32Yeah. With Zcash, we think that it's probably best to limit it to one asset so that it's one focus in reducing attack surfaces, kind of like Bitcoin, where you don't want to do too many things. But other chains, certainly like, for example, Solana has this thing called Privacy Cash, which is like a shielded soul pool where you can put your Solana and you can make it much more private than it was. And then they're adding stablecoin support as well. And then Ethereum has this, obviously, with Hornado Cash. And then, you know, we're adding a lot of different privacy solutions to all these different chains.

54:08So for Xeniafla and Solana, there's going to be these things called self-addresses, which is to say, like, every time you receive something, you would give out a new address. Obviously, that's very annoying to do. You have to always create a new wallet and give people new addresses. But there's actually a way you can actually do that, engineer that on your phantom app, such that it always does this automatically for you, which gets you that privacy, that peace of mind without you actually having to do any different UX. So like there is a lot of advancements being made on all sorts of different chains.

54:43It's not just Zcash. So then how does Zcash accrue the value if it's doable elsewhere? If privacy becomes something you can opt into on any major chain, then why does Zcash continue as is? Or is it moneyness because it's basically the clone of Bitcoin that helps it do that? Yeah, I mean, it's I think it depends on the guarantees that you want, right? Like if you want the most secure, the asset, the highest level of privacy, then Zcash is going to be the correct thing for you, right? And then like every other version of it would have to be like a wrapped version where there's like a central custody or trust assumption.

55:27that being said like it's not the case that like for example if you have private soul and you have private Zek you know soul isn't necessarily money it's more like a gross stock if the revenues dry up the risk profile looks different and all these different things it has infinite supply in some sense right inflation is different all these different things and also with Solana what you need to understand with anything that's not Zek or anything that's not privacy first, is it's kind of like Solana versus Ethereum. And what I mean by this is that unless, if you go back to my physics example, unless you optimize for something from the bottom up, you always get these leaks that come up in different parts of the stack, right?

56:12And privacy is the best example of this because privacy is actually the absence of something. Privacy is the absence of information. It is the minimizing of leakage. And so, for example, let's say you are doing something on Ethereum with your MetaMask wallet and you're using a privacy pool. Well, what wallet are you using to do that? Probably MetaMask, right? Okay. Now, MetaMask does have your information, right? So your money might be shielded, but like you're still leaking some information. And so, like, you need to be very careful. And so, like, most people don't want to think about all this stuff.

56:49They just want, here's, like, my security. Here's my gold. And then here's like my money, which is mobile. The other thing is, how do you know that you just aren't trapped in a rotation narrative? Because this happened when everything else was doing not well. And we've seen this, these repeated cycle, narrative cycles. How do you know it's not another false start from Zcash? Because this would be the third one. um do we have to wait for let's say a correction and then confirmation that we as the market goes up it goes up continues in the same kind of trajectory because you know so many people have been caught out by these narrative rotations yeah yeah i think every time and i'm always extremely skeptical of narrative rotations like for example i did not buy a single ai token um I just did not think the tech was there.

57:47And I'm like a pretty big, let's say, teal subscriber in that I always try to go for things that nobody else is going after and try to be more contrarian than not. With privacy, I think one of the things I want to do was I didn't want to just market Zcash. I want to market all privacy because I think it's one of the last things that's truly PVE as opposed to PVP. right which is to say like when one privacy thing does well most of them do well and that reinforces that effect right because it's not something that you can just win you need to raise awareness from the bottom of everywhere for the legislation battles and all these different things it's a big awareness game um and like if you just look at it from the fundamentals it is the most slept on right that is to say we have done the infrastructure we have done the moneyness thing we have done the scale thing.

58:40We have done the DeFi thing. We have done all these different things, but we haven't done a core pillar of crypto, which is privacy. And so it's a fundamental thing, right? Like it's why the industry was created. It's why the cypherpunks existed. And so like you need to look at some of that stuff and the fundamentals, right? Now you look at the issuance curve, which mimics Bitcoin, but like obviously, so like that was a recent one as well. A year ago, Colby wrote a piece on this where the issuance curve is coming down as well. You then have like other institutional players like the winkle boss twins are coming in with like a a new dat and i think they have about one percent of the supply but their target is like five percent right um and then they're gonna have competitors of course um we have for example i'm throwing a hackathon called cypherpunk and you've got an amazing group of people doing that yeah yeah so we have like uh me totally balaji zuko uh kobe uh uh ellie we have a bunch of people uh anderson harwitz etc etc and um that's like the part because i'm an engineer like i'm not like necessarily a trader where it's like we actually want to build the fundamental structures from the bottom up such that this thing is usable right uh same thing that we did for solana and then you know you have things like um uh zashi uh and then there's something called project tachyon which aims to scale Zcash 100 times, right?

1:00:06With Shombo. And so like you add all these things up. And then it's like, okay, I think there probably is some aspects of like narrative and speculation and froth, like for sure, that always happens in crypto. But like, when you take all that away, there's still a very strong base that remains, right? And I think, like, I really, really think, and because like i'm going to keep working on it that'll be a top three project uh in the next five to ten years max yeah i mean i've i'm always cynical of the narrative rotations but this is the only one that stopped me and said you know what this is probably right um because you know having been in this game for a long long time i realized very quickly as well that this is the thing that may well matter more than people understand.

1:00:56And these things price like options. So you just think of them as probabilities. And the probability of privacy becoming a more important factor is essentially the price of the asset going up over time. And there's no indication that this is not going to become more of a problem over time, particularly when we all move to blockchain rails for all of our finances. and AI or AGI can basically pick it apart in milliseconds. It's like, what fucking chance do we have? At a simple level of what fucking chance do we have against AGI and blockchain rails makes you realize, you know what, it's something you need to pay attention to.

1:01:36That's kind of my framing of this in my head. Yeah, I think that's totally fair. Naval frames it in a way as to like, Bitcoin is insurance against fiat and then Zcash is insurance against Bitcoin. Some people frame it as like you want like, you know, maybe you want their target of something like 10 % of Bitcoin for Zcash because not everybody will think it's as important as money. Right. Some people are like super, you know, like you can make the case that there's like super high net worth people who are basically looking to replace their offshore banking stuff as everything gets more digital.

1:02:10So there's all these different kind of themes around like me personally. I'm more like, you know, if I have the option of unencrypted money and encrypted money, which one am I going to choose? Well, I'm going to try to at least choose an encrypted money one with an amount that I think is comfortable. And so, like, I think there's always different things. But, like, the important part is that, like, it just makes sense, right? Like, it's not like somebody's selling you, like, this weird circular thing. It's kind of like, look, it's Bitcoin, but it's secret, right? It's Internet native money has to be private.

1:02:43Like we went from cash to Bitcoin, which is improvements in many ways, or gold to Bitcoin, which is improvement in many ways. But it does have some drawbacks that have to be acknowledged, which is the fungibility and the transparency part. Right. And so, like, why not? And it's not like an either or thing, right? Like you don't have to pick between them. Most people will just pick both on some different ratio. Joe. Yeah, it's, you know, how I think of it, if you think of like wealthy families, how much of their allocations are they holding gold in physical vaults in different countries, right?

1:03:16Many of them do. They have some in Singapore, some in, you know, some in Dubai, some in Switzerland, pretty standard. And what percentage of that of their portfolio is that? That's their essentially private money, or if anything goes wrong, I've got physical access to this. It's the same thing, and it's going to be a percentage of like 5 % or 10 % of your magic internet money can be magic private internet money. And that kind of makes sense. Yeah. And like what my favorite part of this is that it's actually extremely usable. So one of the reasons why it also Zcash started taking off much more is because there was a few big tech improvements.

1:03:53So Zashi is the one that I mentioned, but this, this near intense thing, which we're like near access, this like coordination layer, where basically you have on your phone, you know, your Zcash balance that's shield. Nobody can see it. And then you just click this button called pay. And then you can swap in one click into USDC or any token on any chain within a minute. Right. So, for example, if I want to something, you know, sometimes I'll pay with for flights using crypto. And it's like, OK, let me just press this one button for my Zcash wallet and then instantly transfer to USDC on Solana. Right.

1:04:28And it's like not only is it not traceable. I don't have to KYC. I don't have to do any of this stuff. And it's very cheap, right? There's very minimal fees. And that's like, in some sense, it's kind of why crypto was created to me, right? Like, you can actually move money on the internet that's backed by, let's say, your private digital gold. And you can use that to just do everyday transactions in commerce. There's like a meme where like Zuko will use it to buy like burritos at Chipotle, which he does all the time and post about it. But like you can actually like I send money to people this way all the time.

1:05:08It's extremely simple. Super interesting. Thank you very much for that. It was I think a lot of people find it very interesting. And and I think everybody should follow you on Twitter because you're one of the best voices there. I don't know how you I'm not sure you actually do a job apart from shit. I have really good co-founders. That's what you say all the time. There must be very, very tolerant of you. Yeah, yeah. We went to school together. I remember 12 years, but they're used to it. Fantastic. Thank you, my friend. Really enjoyed it. Of course. Thanks for having me. So great conversation, I think.

1:05:46And I think you guys can start to see that there is meaningful value in privacy. It's not that we're trying to hide our bad actions. but I don't want to send my bank statement out to everybody I speak to online. That's ridiculous. You know, I think zero knowledge is part of this, and Zcash were pioneers of it. There's a lot can be done around the whole privacy spectrum. We need to make sure, however, that this narrative is going to catch hold and really go to the next level. It's early stage yet. Even though the protocol has been around for a while, it's whether it really captures hold of people's understanding.

1:06:27What we do know is many states around the world are becoming more inhibitive of our liberties and less free. And so that means you've got to take it seriously. Anyway, hopefully see you next time. And we'll dig into something also in this exponential world that you might find interesting too. Till next time. You obviously enjoyed the episode because you're here with me at the end. But listen, don't forget to go to realvision.com forward slash join and grab a free membership. It's an incredible community packed with alpha, great investment ideas, and the research that you need to help you unfuck your future.

1:07:05So get started now. Go to realvision.com forward slash join.

From the publisher

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⚪ Raoul Pal and Mert Mumtaz, co-founder and CEO at Helius, dive into Mert’s journey through engineering, Coinbase, and Solana, to why he believes privacy is the missing pillar in crypto’s evolution. They explore Solana’s scaling advantages, the fundamentals behind Zcash, and why privacy, decentralization, and cryptography will shape the next phase of digital finance. Recorded on November 21, 2025.
⚪ X: @0xMert_

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