A street librarian's quest to bring books to everyone | Storybook Maze (re-release)

0:03You're listening to TED Talks Daily, where we bring you new ideas to spark your curiosity every day. I'm your host, Elise Hugh. If you walked into my house, you would know how much I love reading. There are books everywhere, in every room, and my kids all have library cards. Librarian Storybook Maze also loves books and reading. As a kid, she would collect books and run a library of her own with the books she kept under her bed with a card for checkout dates in the back, just like from an actual library. But she knows how lucky she was to have access to so many books. As a public librarian, I quickly realized that the kids that I saw coming into the library weren't the same ones I was reading to out on my front stoop.

0:47In her talk from 2024, Storybook shares why she became what she calls a radical street librarian, bringing books to the places where kids already are. Stoops, street corners, corner stores, community events. As a radical street librarian, I'm making books appear in everyday places in extraordinary ways. I install free public book vending machines, host street corner story times, and pop up on the block with free bookstores. so kids who don't have McDonald's money don't have to worry about having book fair money. I deeply believe in books by any means necessary. Storybook lays out how she's breaking down the barriers between kids and books, from library finds and transportation to what she calls book deserts, places where reading materials are scarce or hard to access.

1:34She reminds us that loving books often starts with something very simple, having one close enough to pick up. That's coming up right after a short break.

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4:10And now, our TED Talk of the day. It all started on a stoop. One of those summer days in Baltimore where it was too hot to be inside with no AC, and it seemed like the heat had pushed the entire neighborhood out into their front stoops. I grabbed a book and started reading to my nieces. After a few pages, other little heads started popping up on the other side of the book. So, of course, I invited the neighborhood kids to join us. When I was finished reading, the kids didn't want story time to stop. They asked me to read another book and then another one. After a few rounds, I had had enough. So I said, you guys can read a book at home.

4:49We don't have any books at home, was their overwhelming response. It was a harsh reminder that there are children who don't have a single book at home. So what did I do about it? I started reading to the neighborhood kids every weekend. I called it Stoop Story Time, and the process inspired me to begin working in the public library. However, as a public librarian, I quickly realized that the kids that I saw coming into the library weren't the same ones I was reading to out on my front stoop. I began researching and learned about library barriers and something called book deserts. A book desert is an area or community with limited access to books and reading materials.

5:34I slowly realized that I wasn't going to meet my neighbors who needed most inside libraries' walls. So I quit my job and took to the streets, becoming a radical street librarian. When I was putting this talk together, Ted asked me, what exactly is a radical street librarian? I was like, well, I sort of made it up a few years ago. But it's a term I use to refer to anyone doing work to increase literary access outside of traditional settings. As a radical street librarian, I'm making books appear in everyday places in extraordinary ways. I install free public book vending machines, host street corner story times, and pop up on the block with free bookstores.

6:18So kids who don't have McDonald's money don't have to worry about having book fair money. I deeply believe in books by any means necessary. So whether at a community basketball game, corner store, beauty supply, or front stoop, I utilize my expertise as a librarian to curate collections that reflect the kids reading them. This means books with characters that look like them, talk like them, go to the same places, speak the same languages. Book deserts are often found in economically disadvantaged or rural areas, where bookstores and libraries are scarce. In higher-income communities, there are more books per child than in low-income communities.

6:59For example, in Philadelphia's Chestnut Hill, a study found that there were about 13 books for every child. While in high-poverty communities of the same city, it found up to 300 children could share one book. We know communities with high illiteracy rates are often plagued with poverty, poor health, and unemployment. while their literate counterparts are healthier with greater numbers of employment and higher household incomes. So I know what you're thinking. There are plenty of bookstores and libraries where I live. But here's the kicker. The presence of bookstores and libraries in a neighborhood doesn't necessarily disqualify it as a book desert.

7:41Lower income neighbors may lack the resources to purchase books from the bookstore or pay library fines. Residents may be working multiple jobs or facing hardships that make a trip to the library an additional stressor. Barriers like requirement of identification, proof of address, fines and fees, all while seemingly routine, can become substantial obstacles for families facing hardships. There's also historical barriers, such as anti-literacy laws and library segregation policies that have excluded Black communities for decades. Librarians understand that the habit of visiting libraries is often generational tradition.

8:23Many of the parents we see currently bringing their kids into the library were once brought in by their parents when they were children, and so on and so forth. But for Black communities that faced arrests for reading, the impact of library segregation and anti-literacy laws lingers, and a hesitancy to visit libraries still exists to this day. So what can be done about book deserts and book access? Research tells us that increasing access to appropriate print materials is an incredibly effective means of enhancing the reading achievement of economically disadvantaged children. To put it plainly, the more books a child has early access to, the more likely they are to succeed as readers.

9:06Though I recently created the term, being a street librarian is nothing new. I'm inspired by the many mobile librarians who came before me. I'm just a little more hood with it.

9:20One of my favorite stories was born out of the Great Depression. The Pack Horse Library was created to deliver books to residents living in geographically isolated areas. The librarians packed books into feed sacks, saddlebags, and even old pillowcases, and they traveled on horse, mule, or foot into the mountains of rural Kentucky. These book women traveled in rain, snow, and heat. And because there weren't roads, they navigated through creek beds and along fence lines, often traveling up to 20 miles per day. Sometimes conditions were so harsh that a mule would succumb to the weather. One book woman continued to walk 18 miles without her mule to deliver a book to a child living in the mountaintops.

10:09One of the most popular items in their library wasn't really a book at all, but something that the librarians pieced together, a scrapbook from the most popular titles. It contained quilt patterns, the latest fashion clippings, a recipe for opossum soup, and children's stories. The Pack Horse librarians embodied the street hood librarian spirit by creating custom books that met their community's needs. Librarians haven't just relied on horseback either. We've employed elephants in the Elephant Mobile Library, ridden camels in Kenya to deliver books to nomadic tribes and led dogs through the mountains of Northern California.

10:51From Biblio Bikes in Augusta, Georgia, to Biblio Burro in Colombia, libraries have taken diverse forms and adjusted to different cultures and landscapes. In China, there's a floating library made from converted fishing boats that serves as an island's first public library. And in Baltimore, you'll find me, the radical street librarian, striving to deliver books to your front stoop. Since its inception, my initiative has delivered 5 ,000 books to children living in book deserts.

11:30In case you're wondering how to be a street librarian, here's what you can do. First, be radical. Share books in extraordinary ways and think outside the box. Perhaps host a block party book swap or a story time at a local laundromat. Second, B Street. Connect with your neighbors. Talk to people in your community. And third, embody the spirit of a librarian. Get your library card. Match books to readers by considering their interests and experiences. I believe everyone is a reader. They just haven't found the right book yet. That's where...

12:14And that's where librarians step in. Many want to read but don't know where to get started, and visiting the most magical place on earth, the library, can be intimidating for non-library goers. We must meet them where they are and guide them along that journey. There is an ancient African proverb that when an old man dies, a library burns. For neighborhoods where stories are passed down on front stoops, we must meet our neighbors where they are. Thank you.

12:53That was Storybook Maze at the TED-Ed Educator Talks event in 2024. This talk was originally published in June of that year. If you're curious about TED's curation, visit ted.com slash curation guidelines. And that's it for today. TED Talks Daily is a podcast from TED. This episode was fact-checked by the TED research team and produced and edited by our team, Martha Estefanos, Oliver Friedman, Lucy Little, Emma Taubner, and Tansika Sungmarnivong. Additional support from Daniela Ballarezzo, Christopher Faze Bogan, Valentina Bohanini, Banban Chang, Brian Green, and Lainey Lott. Learn more at podcasts.ted.com.

13:35I am Elise Hu. I'll be back tomorrow with a fresh idea for your feet. Thanks for listening.

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14:53Thank you.