Scott Galloway: AI Wasn’t Built For You. The Rich Don’t Need You Anymore!

24:49And it's going to go into SpaceX. So I think the boost, the retail surge in SpaceX you're going to see in the valuation they're planning to go out at is just extraordinary. Some of that is going to come at the cost of Tesla. I think people are waking up to the fact that Tesla is a great auto company. it should be trading at about a fifth of the valuation it is now. On that point, what jobs do you think will be impacted by AI? I've heard you talk about logistics and transport. I think London have just announced that Waymo and Tesla's full self-driving technology are on the way. They've green-lighted Waymo, for example.

25:22I'd hate to be a truck driver. To me, a long-haul truck driver is the first place. Trucks can drive between 10 p.m. and 4 p.m. when there's no traffic on the road. I don't think it's a very good job. What's interesting about, or one of the things that's interesting about truck drivers, it's the biggest employer of non-high school grads in America, of non-high school graduate males. It's the biggest employer. It's actually one of the two or three, I think, biggest jobs by number of people in the United States. I would think within 10 years, we're going to have very few long-haul truckers. Obviously, customer service, it feels like that will likely go away.

25:53But where I see job destruction in my world is that I used to, anytime I got an agreement from anybody, an advertiser for a contract, an employment agreement, whatever it is, I'd send it to my lawyer and say, can you review this? And because the bills, there's latency in the bills, it probably costs somewhere between$400 and$2 ,000 to review every contract, right? Because I'm a narcissist, and I think I signal by having a name brand law firm. And so they hire some kid at$120 or$80 to$120 an hour, and they charge me$400 to$500, right? Now I say to the person in charge of that project. And they say, well, I'm sending their contract review to our lawyer.

26:29I'm like, no, no, no, no. Put the agreement. Describe what we're looking for. Ask Claude or ChatGPT to pretend it's a$1 ,200 lawyer, an hour lawyer, employment lawyer, or contract lawyer, and ask them to review this document, redline it, and do the same thing at another LLM. And then you make those changes. Congratulations. You are now a senior associate at a law firm. I probably spend$100 ,000 or$300 ,000 a year on legal fees across my organization. I think I'll cut that easily by a third this year. So that's one way I see it. But I have a podcast company, not nearly the industrial behemoth this thing is, but I keep asking everybody, how do we use AI to do this?

27:13And I find that they're getting better at it, and it enhances our work, but we're still hiring. Again, I think it's a supplement. And if you want to protect against AI, it's pretty easy. I've said this for a while, AI is not going to take your job. Someone who understands AI is going to take your job. So what I tell people is have a second screen. And that is always have a second screen open that has nothing but AI on it, LLMs. And anything you get digitally, port it into your AI screen and start playing with it. Do you know that quote is so interesting? Because I've heard that quote a lot, that AI won't take your job.

27:43Someone that understands AI will take your job. And as you said it then, I thought, you know, I was thinking about different roles in my team and my open roles that we haven't hired for. And I thought, someone with AI will take your job, but they won't just take one job. They'll take five of those jobs. And so if you think about an analyst, we've got Molly downstairs, analyst for my investment fund. We were well intent on hiring maybe five analysts for my second fund. We only need Molly now because Molly's got two agents that she works with and two Mac minis. And she's got a setup that screens the inbound interest and also goes proactively into the market looking for new opportunities and pulls them back into her.

28:20runs them through a framework, scores them, prepares them for the IC. So Molly, enabled by AI, she's probably taken out five jobs. And this is, I think, even with the law example, that lawyer that's using these models probably doesn't need to have five junior lawyers now if they're really, really competent with AI. And if you think about an executive assistant, so with executive assistants, we might, for our executives, would have hired maybe probably 10 EAs in total. Now you really need one that is powered by AI to do all of travel, one that does all of the scheduling, and then one that meets people at the door.

28:55So you need three versus potentially 10. And this is kind of what I'm broadly seeing in most roles, but not all of them. There are still some roles. When I look at the org chart where I go, actually, you know, this sales. A lot of the sales we do from a media perspective are take someone for lunch, wine and dine, call them, relationships, pitch the deck. Those kinds of things seem to be completely untouched. But let's continue down that path. You no longer need five mollies, you need one. Yeah. That creates additional EBITDA margin, creates a more profitable diary of a CEO empire, means you can raise more money, and then you go buy more podcasts or invest in them who hire more people.

29:31And it creates a faster cycle of money and new ideas. And when we were walking in here, you're talking about acquiring podcasting and you're getting into CPG and you're getting into different forms of media and you're driving growth and innovation. Will some people be on the wrong end of it? My mom was a secretary. She started as a typist. Typist went away. She oversaw the secretarial typist pool at a law school downtown, and I worked in the mailroom in high school. But my mom realized that the hard part of her job was interacting with a senior-level executive, and she became an executive assistant.

30:03And she never made a lot of money, but she made good money, realizing that typing was the easy part of her job. The hard part was managing some dude's life, right? so accounting should go away but what you're saying is there's actually more accountants this year than there was last year because accountants the smart ones are moving into wealth management and tax optimization which keeps getting more and more complicated so yeah do you have an onus to update your skills to understand you i remember when i first moved to new york and they hired an assistant for me and she came in and said oh i don't use computers and i'm like well you can't work here so it's like to say you're not going to learn ai or at least the basics on how to use it.

30:40It's like being in 1998 and saying, well, I don't use PCs. So I don't, yeah, you got to update your skills. The cycle time's decreasing. A lot of people find themselves on the wrong side of the trade. I have to force myself to use AI. I don't, you know, I'm, the part of your brain around understanding new technologies begins to die, right? I can no longer perceive a calendar. I can't tell you what I have next for some reason. I used to be able to do fantastic. I could do a Scotsman accent, Stephen, like no one's business a few years ago. That part of my brain has died. And when I try to do an accent, it sounds like a dead language that twins speak to each other and it offends everybody.

31:17There's parts of your brain that die. And the part where you can understand new technologies, or at least have the will to learn them, starts to go away as you get older. I have to force myself to play with these new technologies. Everyone who wants to make more money or wants to hold onto their job should have the same onus to learn these new skills. On that individual level, there's people listening now that want to make sure that they have the skills, their kids have the skills of the future. Right. What are some of those important skills? I mean, you've got kids. What would you say to them?

31:44I get asked that all the time. What is the skill? So the honest answer is, I have a view, but nobody knows. Do you realize 10 years ago in private schools, the biggest incremental investments in curriculum were two things, computer science and Mandarin. How's that worked out. Like, thank God my kid knows Mandarin. I mean, said nobody right now. But they thought it was going to be computer science. And you could argue that hasn't worked out as well as everyone thought. I would say that the enduring skill is storytelling. And that is your ability to look at data, create a narrative arc, and then communicate that story in a compelling way via all the different mediums.

32:20Whether it's podcasting, I think you have to write well to be a great storyteller. But if you think about the most successful people in the world, at the end of the day, They're usually storytellers. The great CEOs, I read Jeff Bezos' 1997 letter to shareholders where he focused on those three principles. And I'm like, take my money, right? I see even a guy like Alex Karp at Palantir walking around doing a live earnings call on his phone. It's very compelling. Jensen Huang, you know, when he does these giant Buffett-like stadiums where he gets up to him, he's like a rock star. That's storytelling.

32:54Technology is, I think, going to create equalization among the product. Reverse engineering created parity among manufactured products. I think most technologies are going to converge, and we're seeing that convergence in AI models. So I think the point of differentiation is relationships, right? Do I want to work with this person? Do I know about their kids? Do I like them? At the end of the day, I have three different law firms pitching me business, three different investment banks, three different CRM companies. Who do I have the best relationship with and who do I want to work with? So storytelling, it sounds very passé, but the ability to establish strong relationships with other sentient beings.

33:31I still believe that everything reverse engineers to biology. I think a certain fundamental understanding of the sciences, those seem to be pretty enduring. You know, my oldest said he wanted to be a marine biologist. I'm like, who are you kidding? You get seasick. I mean, at 18, you want them to be smart, good people, aggressive, support them becoming their own person, which I've had trouble with. I want them to be mini-me's. And then helping them find something they're great at. But telling your kid, no, you need to go into this because this is where the future's going, no, we don't know. We know the basics.

34:06I would want my kid to be able to write well, to be able to look someone in the eye, to be competitive. You know, I encourage them to play sports, to do chores, which they do none of. But other than that, I don't know. What do you think are going to be the skills of the future? I think it's really difficult to know. I think what you said about relationships is really important. You said storytelling, and I think storytelling is a proxy of sales and persuasion and whether that's persuading an investor to believe in you or people to come and work for you or customers to come and buy your thing. So I think storytelling and sales is going to be an enduring skill.

34:42The skill that is the biggest threat that young people are losing, especially young men, and this is a skill, and it's hugely underrated, is the ability to endure rejection. And because of AI and because of these frictionless relationships that people are engaging in online, I think a lot of young people, especially young men, are losing the perseverance, endurance, willingness to hear no, whether it's expressing friendship, whether it's applying for a job you're not qualified for, whether it's approaching someone and expressing romantic interests. I think a lot of young people, especially young men, I think they can have a frictionless relationship online and they're losing a sense of resilience and aggressiveness.

35:22So I think that skill, when I mentor young men, the first skill I try to reincorporate back into their life is what I call no. And that is, I need you to go out. I need you to go put yourself in the agency of strangers, whether it's a church group, a sports league, a writing class, and I want you to make an overture, an expression of friendship. Hey, do you want to grab the Arsenal game or come over to my house and watch it? And then most of these kids, when you ask them what they want, they usually want two things, the men I mentor. They want to move out of their parent's house and they want a girlfriend.

35:51And so once we do the friend approach, then I say, okay, find someone you may be potentially interested in, ask them out for coffee. And this is the goal. The goal is no. Because what's going to happen is you might get a no, probably going to get a no. And then I'm going to call you the next day and I'm going to say, are you okay? And the answer is going to be yes. Is he or she okay? The person who said no. Yeah, they're fine. Because, and I'm boasting that, the secret to my success is rejection. I ran for sophomore, junior, and senior class president in my high school. I lost all three times.

36:21And based on my track record, I decided to run for student body president where I went on to, get this, lose. It never bothered me. I mean, I mourned and I moved on. Every entrepreneur, how many no's have you gotten? Oh, fucking hell. Yeah, more so than anybody. I mean, so any person you look at and think, that person has made more money than I would have thought, or any person who's hanging out with someone much higher character and hotter than them has one thing in common. Either are very rich parents or, more likely, they're comfortable with no. So, and unfortunately, I think young people, especially young men, are becoming less and less resilient to no.

36:57Apply for jobs you're not qualified for. Apply to graduate programs you shouldn't get into. to approach people who you perceive as being cooler and hotter than you and express friendship and romantic interest. That is the key. You want to punch above your weight class? Get out a big spoon and get ready to eat shit. That is the only thing that is common across all great entrepreneurs who are self-made, is they have the ability to mourn and move on. I've been thinking about this a lot lately. It was inspired by listening to Adam Neumann on that podcast a couple of weeks ago. He did one with Rick Rubin, I think it was.

37:27and in it he tells the story of sitting in the back of the cab with Massa who's the owner of SoftBank and he was going to ask him to give him 300 million dollars and Massa turns to him and says you're just not ambitious enough and he says by the time that 23 minute cab drive had finished Massa had offered him four billion and he had signed a little napkin thing that Massa had in the back of the cab and that story and other stories like it have inspired have made me realize that like some of the game in life and success is what I now call selling yourself long and most of us go through our lives selling ourselves short I think in part because we don't see ourselves on an exponential curve we see ourselves as a fixed state this is who I am this is what I'm worth but you've almost got to like factor in your own exponential improvement if you take you from 21 to now how your intelligence and wisdom and connections have all compounded but you would have sold yourself at the value of you at 21 years old so I'm not I actually now think in every season of my life i've sold myself short when i was 18 years old i sold 20 of my company for 5k 5 000 and then i thought that was i couldn't believe it i was celebrating in my room at the time i was stealing chicago town pizzas to feed myself and then a couple of years later i sold another 30 of that company 30 of my company for 300k and i thought i'd hit the euro millions all right that company ran up and was on the stock market for many hundreds of millions many years later i thought god i've sold myself short my whole life so assume I'm doing the same now.

38:50And if I assume that, what would I say? What opportunities would I go for? And I think that for me, that should apply to everybody. I think it's self-fulfilling. Yeah, there's something about imagining where you want to be in five years outrageously in the reverse engineering back. But at the moment you took that 300k, you really needed it. I mean, that was, so it's a function of your opportunity set and what's actually the market it says to you. I think pricing is a signal. I struggle with pricing. And what I tell whenever we're writing a proposal or whenever, I'm like, okay, whatever I get back, I'm like, okay, increase the pricing 30 or 50 % more.

39:29Because pricing is a signal and you can always take the price down. And the client, the person will always come back and ask for the price down. But I mean, quite frankly, and this is sexist, I think men are better at imagining an unrealistic self and women are more measured. And I think that's one of the things that has held back women as entrepreneurs and the fact that not as much capital has been available to them because the people allocating capital have been white dudes from Stanford or Harvard. 40 % of VCs are from two schools. I think it was Charlie Munger who said, someone who has a crazy vision of their own potential that's stupid and obnoxious, his attitude was never bet against that person because occasionally they're right.

40:11And so we talked about Musk. For a guy to think I'm going to raise so much money and command technology that I can be responsible for 90 % of launches and control 70 % of the Earth's low orbit satellites, that's pretty arrogant. So, yeah, I agree with you. And, you know, let me put it this way. If you're going to err, err to the upside because the market will bring you back on its own. That's so true. Sam Altman has been in all the news lately, in part because of this article that The New Yorker did, two reporters there, Ronan Farrow and Andrew Marantz, which was this article. And then he responded with this blog post here.

40:52Two years ago, I thought Sam had a really good brand. Because he was out in Congress, he was saying, he was asking for regulation, it seemed. It has turned unbelievably quickly, unbelievably fast. Well, we said this before, he's a proxy for all of AI. I think the greatest brand destruction other than the U.S. over the last 18 months has been AI and also Sam Altman. But we keep falling into this trap over and over. And that is something happened through the 70s, 80s, and 90s. And that is America, its heroes used to be athletes, government officials, and actors. And then there was a dramatic decline in attendance to religious institutions.

41:33but people still have really big questions and want sort of an authority or a godlike figure. The closest thing we have to religion is technology. Most people don't understand it. It has a mystical feel to it. I have no idea how my phone works. I can ask it anything, and it comes back with a relatively authoritative answer that I trust, similar if I was talking or praying. I think most of the time when we're on AI, we're kind of praying. We're sending a question into the echo to a being thinking it's smarter than us, and it's going to come back with an empathetic, loving, correct answer. So the new Jesus Christ was born in the 90s, and that was Steve Jobs.

42:06And he was taken from us early, like Jesus Christ. The idolatry of innovators has absolutely gone crazy. And the new Jesus Christ, if you will, are these tech studios. And here's what we fail to understand. They do not have our best interests at heart. They are not concerned with our emotional well-being. They are not going to comfort us when we're older. They are there, and they play a key component in capitalism to do anything that is required to get their earnings up one cent per share every day. And they will make incremental decisions that justify the harming and self-harm of teen girls, Sheryl Sandberg, the weaponization of our platforms to make the coarsening of our discourse, Mark Zuckerberg.

42:49I mean, the radicalization of young men, the people running YouTube. we keep thinking that the newest tech CEO is going to save us, that this guy cares. Sam Altman was the gay son we all wanted. Like super nice, super friendly, hush voices. Well, Senator, I'm worried about that as well, right? These guys would sleep with their cousin for a nickel. That's their job. Their job is to increase earnings. They're not here to save us. We're supposed to elect people who put in guardrails for them. So everyone is saying or asking me, can we trust Sam Allman? I'm like, no. And we shouldn't have to. We should have regulators putting in guardrails on AI.

43:33We should be testing these things. Government agencies should be testing these things. We should be ensuring that these technologies are not used to surveil Americans, right? We would still have cartoons like characters on cigarettes marketing to 12-year-olds if we hadn't put in place regulation. And the tobacco executives would claim that they weren't marketing to young people. Ford would still be pouring mercury into the river if we didn't have an EPA in regulation. So Sam is doing exactly what he's supposed to be doing. The latest hero that's going to save us is Dario Amode. We've decided he's the good guy now.

44:09The villain's journey in tech is the same. Some compelling person we think is a wonderful guy, and it's almost always a guy, occasionally a woman. You know, we need to do better gender balance. That was Sheryl Sandberg in the workplace. And then we find out that they are doing their job, and that is doing anything they can legally to increase shareholder value, regardless of whether it prevents a tragedy of the commons or not. And then we get angry at them. The journey from Anakin Skywalker to Darth Vader gets shorter and shorter, but they all follow the same path. And then 18 months later, we realized that they, too, will say and do whatever they can to try and delay and obfuscate regulation.

44:47And that sometimes when we don't have a government with a lack of domain expertise, with a lack of insight, with people who are crossed between the land of the dead and the Golden Girls and don't understand these technologies, that when these technologies are allowed to run just free with no regulation, they do bad things. So Sam Altman is the latest person we've discovered as Darth Vader, who's gone to the dark side. It happens with all of them because they're doing their job. We as citizens aren't doing our job, and that is we're not putting in place elected officials that regulate these companies.

45:19So, yeah, can we trust Sam Altman? No, but we shouldn't need to trust him. We should be able to trust that we have smart elected officials that will regulate these companies. Did you see this article he wrote in response to having a Molotov cocktail thrown at his house? I read this article without reading it. So there's been death threats on his life. And let me be clear, there's absolutely no justification whatsoever for this. And it needs to be—I don't even like it when people yell at J.D. Vance when he's skiing with his family. We don't want to be that nation. In the West, we have a—if you're operating with the confines of the law, which Sam is, he deserves to live in peace.

45:53It is sad. Do you realize in the U.S. now there's more people working in private security than there are cops? Really? Because there's always going to be a number of people who are likely, I don't know about the perpetrator here, who are mentally ill and who will find an excuse. Essentially, the makeup usually of these perpetrators or these criminal actors is they're usually young men looking to restore their social capital through what they perceive as a historic act of violence against a famous person. This has gone on for a long time. He's now famous. I don't think it's fair. I've seen some people try to equate AI's dangers as if these acts of violence are somehow justified.

46:35They're not. There's no justification for a health care executive being executed in the streets. There's no justification for violence against Sam or attempted violence against Sam and his family. I think it's young men with a lack of opportunity, mental illness, and unfortunately, access to firearms everywhere. But it's always happened. I don't make the connection that somehow it's more justified. I think famous people—one in three presidents has been shot at. Crazy, isn't it? So the more famous you get, quite frankly, the more personal risk there is because someone is going to decide that taking you out for whatever reason is going to restore their social capital.

47:07Actually, if you look at assassination attempts and violence, it's actually gone down. But these stories are cinematic and very interesting, and they get a lot of attention. But I think it's a shame we live in a society where, especially in the West, where they have to endure that kind of risk. one of the really most lovely moments I've seen, I don't know if it was the Danish or the Norwegian prime minister who stepped down, they applauded, and he got on a bike and rode home. And I thought, you can't do that in the US. You know, Obama's kids still have secret service protection. So there's definitely something, I quite frankly blame it on big tech that tries to convince people that this person is their enemy and this person is evil.

47:46Sam's not evil. I don't know him personally. I sat next to him at this party I went to, But he's doing his job. Quite frankly, we're not doing ours. Do you think he's a nihilist? I don't really know the definition of the word nihilist, but I guess it's someone who believes that life is essentially meaningless. I think there's a nihilist vein running through big tech where a lot of them have go-bags. They have a plan for if shit gets real, if there's a zombie apocalypse or there's a revolution or there's a massive pandemic, they have definitive plans and they've spent tens of millions of dollars.

48:19They meet their pilots at Oakland Airport. They get on their Gulfstream 650. They fly to New Zealand, to Auckland, and they have a bunker built out. Is this true? Oh, there's a lot of them. Really? There's a lot of GO plans amongst the wealthy. And sometimes it's not as dramatic. Sometimes it's just a home nuclear attack, cyber attack, revolution. But I would say amongst billionaires, I would bet conservatively, one in three have some sort of GO plan. And that's nihilist. and also to a certain extent I think wanting to be an interplanetary species is a little bit nihilist. Also, you know, if they're saying that in the future people aren't going to have jobs and there's robotics and there's this AGI, this super intelligence which is going to be smarter than everybody and even if there was a 1 % chance, a 1 % chance that these Duma predictions around AI could come true, I would stop.

49:13A 1 % chance of humanity sort of self-imploding or destroying itself. Wouldn't a rational person stop? Well, okay, you're Oppenheimer. It's going to take 3 million American deaths to invade Japan. Japan will not surrender. And you're in charge of splitting the atom. There was much more than a 1 % chance that our ability to split the atom and then show we would use it against a civilian population would result in the end of the world. Should he have stopped development of it? So a lot of scientists, nuclear scientists, killed themselves. They committed suicide because they were convinced once we'd split the atom, and use it against civilians, it was the end of the world.

49:50It was just a matter of time before we were all using nuclear devices. So I don't—I think you keep moving forward. And nihilism, where nihilism impacts these people, let me go back to the go bag. I talked to one of these people. He outlined his plan for me, right? He's a billionaire. Yeah, outlined his plan. His plan B, if things get really ugly, right? And my view is, okay, boss, let's play this out. Something happens. There's an event. It's too dangerous to stay here. you meet your pilots at the airport I mean shit really gets real people scaring for food people become feral you don't think your pilots are going to kill you and fuck your wife like what what do you think is going to happen you don't think the people in New Zealand are going to be like let's go take the rich guy's shit like it strikes me that these are such misallocated efforts and capital that if you're really focused on your own future, whether you're wealthy or not wealthy, that your resources and your talent should be allocated towards trying to make this place a little bit more habitable.

50:55Not trying to colonize Mars, not having a go back. And this is part of the problem with the 0.1%. There are 900 billionaires in the United States. And I would imagine 300 of them give money. They're responsible for 20 % of all political donations. And that 20 % number is misleading because they can be more strategic. So unions are big givers, but they just give money to whoever's pro-union. So it's not that strategic. Billionaires can allocate capital to a specific issue, really ramp it up. So they have a disproportionate amount of control over our elected population. And the problem is the 0.1 % are not invested in the health of America.

51:32Why? They don't have to put up with TSA lines. They fly private. They don't have to put up with shitty health care. They have concierge medicine and access to the best medicine in the world. They don't have to put up with 40 % if third graders can't read or write. Their kids go to amazing schools that spend, on average,$75 ,000 a year on their kid versus $15 ,000 at a public school,$10 ,000 at a public school in a low-income area. They don't need police. They have dormant insecurity. Where I live in Soho, there's no homeless. As far as I can tell, there's no crime. There's no cops. There's cameras everywhere and dormant everywhere.

52:06My point is they are no longer invested in the well-being of America. They've totally dissociated from the investments required to make America a better place because they're sequestered from it. They're no longer invested in the well-being of America. And what I find strange about this nihilism is that these individuals think that they are no longer as invested in the well-being or the safety of the world. I think that's very unhealthy. These are some of the most concerning conversations I've had. So like one of the things that happens when you have a podcast and interesting people come on and you start hanging around with more interesting people and more powerful people is you get a world, you get little peeks into new worlds that you didn't know existed.

52:46You kind of get to see behind certain curtains. And I remember having a particular conversation in London at a kitchen table where someone was describing one of these AI CEOs to me and basically making the case that they believe there's a roughly 10 % chance, I think they said seven, if I'm not misunderstanding, percent chance that it's um that it will result in the end of the world some sort of catastrophic event but they really didn't care because they think that being the person that summoned this new intelligence amongst us was probably more consequential than whatever happens and like if i wasn't privy to again hearing this second hand from someone i know who knows this person extremely well.

53:32I know he knows him extremely well because they hang out. Him telling me that, I wouldn't have believed this. I would have thought, that's nonsense. I would have thought to myself, they must be kind because they have kids. But actually now I very much believe what you're saying about this nihilism, where I don't actually believe they give a fuck. Some of them. I actually don't believe some of them give a fuck. I actually think some of them are playing a game and they're playing a video game with our futures. or they this the incentives like in the united states when i was growing up my dad's boss had a slightly bigger house and he drove a cadillac and we drove a grand torino but we were members of the same country club and his house was a five minute drive away and maybe my dad's boss got to fly business class and we flew coach the delta in having money having a decent you know having a middle-class life and an upper class was like this.

54:22Now the Delta is this. Let's look at air transportation. Flying on Spirit Airlines is a humiliating, dangerous experience. United Airlines, economy, economy comfort, economy plus, business class, first class. Oh, wait, that's not enough. Let's go to private. There's charter, there's fractional, there's a Cessence Nitation, there's a Bombardier Challenger 300, there's a Global 650, now there's a new G7. The Delta in your life, in your healthcare. My mom was very sick when I was very young. And when I think about how humiliating it was for the two of us, having her to endure cancer when we were underinsured, it was a devastating, traumatic, humiliating experience.

55:04Now, if I need, I take Lunesta when I travel because I have trouble sleeping. I have a medical concierge company. They get me, did the drug delivered within two hours to my house. I have NAD treatments. they arrange for someone to come to my house when it's convenient for me and do it in my living room. I can text my doctor. I have a medical kit with all these things in it. If I'm abroad, I can text my doctor and say, my son's not feeling well. They FaceTime me. I open the kit. They can tell me exactly what to do. The healthcare I am receiving right now, I have my blood taken every three months.

55:39They send it to some bond lair in Norway with PhDs who can tell me that I have less than a 0.7 % chance of any cancers as evidenced by a lack of whatever it is, antibodies, the cancer cells. The healthcare now for the point, for the 1 % is dramatic. And it's all the same thing. The bottom 99 % of Western societies are essentially being optimized and monetized to make the life of the 1 % just unbelievable. The life you can lead in the 1 % is so dramatic and so incredible. Broader selection set of mates. Your kids have better healthcare, better educational opportunities. You have influence. People want to know you.

56:17So the incentives to not be rich but to be very rich are so incredible. And the way you get very rich is through stock options, typically in technology, that I think the incentives are so great that people will make incremental decisions and ignore the fact that, oh, one in 18 girls who are self-harming in the UK cite Instagram as a reason for that. Well, let's find research that maybe creates some doubts because once I become a billionaire, I'll be a better person. And they're getting so much criticism and so much shitposting, and it's so competitive. And there's fewer and fewer winners that become much bigger, right?

56:55It used to be five companies won and got hundreds of millions of dollars. Now one company wins and gets tens of billions. So you can see how incrementally this path to Darth Vader is pretty tempting. So I think they just get caught up in this competition and they lose all sides. But also, my co-host on the Pivot podcast said something that was illuminating to me. During COVID, I was walking down the street with my sister, and a homeless person kind of stirred. There was a lot of homeless people because the homeless shelters turned out everybody. And she jumped out of her skin. And I said, well, that was a bit of an overreaction.

57:35He's not going to hurt us. And she said, you know, you're 6 '2", 190. Easy for you to say. You don't understand. Women walk around in a constant state of fear. And that fear is rational. And it really struck me. And then Kara said, these guys don't understand anything about victimization because they've never been victims. They're traditionally white males who have grown up in upper-income households, and they've never really understood what it's like to be a victim. So they don't put in place the safeguards. It's so competitive that it's just easier for them to give money, some strategic money to key people and ensure that they're not regulated such that they can get to be billionaires.

58:12because all the incentives are do whatever is required to win. Sam Altman isn't going to be remembered for being a good or a bad guy. He's going to be remembered for the guy who either was the number one AI company or blew it. That's what he's going to be remembered for. And right now, he's blowing it, it appears, right? But people are going to look back and say, well, he didn't get public. Anthropic ended up being at worth more. It was kind of a disappointment financially, but he was a good guy. That's not what he's going for. And quite frankly, that's not what our society rewards.

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59:44Inflammation is something I'd never really thought to check until fairly recently. There aren't any symptoms or obvious signs for a lot of people. And yet it's consistently linked to some of the most serious health outcomes that we know of. But our sponsor, Function, tests twice a year for inflammation markers alongside hormones and heart health and stress and toxins, giving you a far more specific view of what's going on inside your body. I did my tests recently and I was shocked a little bit, a little bit amazed, a little bit surprised by my results. But what I really loved was having all of the information about my body in front of me.

1:00:18It makes it so much easier to make a more informed decision immediately about what I do in terms of exercise and in terms of what I do in terms of my diet and everything else. So if you want to look into it yourself, go to functionhealth.com slash DOAC and use code DOAC25 for a $25 credit towards your membership. It gives you 160 lab tests for$365 a year, which is just$1 a day. I think your assessment of AI in terms of it creating more opportunity than it destroys is accurate. I also think that in the near term, all of our lives are going to be quite different. I spend a lot of time on this podcast.

1:00:59We've spoken to a lot of the big CEOs from AI companies and tried to pass through this. And I've never really gotten to a solid conclusion of what the future looks like. But do you have a case for the future where this technology is the first that actually delivers on the promise of making us more human? There's talk about loneliness. There's talk, you know, algorithms are going to get more retentive. But I have this like thesis that potentially, you know, social networking said it was going to connect us and make us more human. That's kind of the narrative of all these tools. But maybe this technology renders us only useful for that which humans can do, which is the relationships thing you're talking about.

1:01:30And connection and being out touching grass with our friends and family. Is there a utopia? Just as social media has some real upsides, I would argue at this point, Meta is actually a net negative. It's, I think, done so much damage. But with AI, there's a lot of upsides. A really encouraging piece of data I saw is that when you spend time on social media, it takes you to the extremes. The algorithms see money and more Nissan ads in figuring out if you're conservative or liberal and then demonizing the other side and tickling your censors, right? Yeah. I'll get served a video of Ted Cruz or Victor Orvon looking like an ass because I'm a progressive and that makes me happy.

1:02:08And then they elevate content of some progressive of AOC calling out somebody. And I start to hate the other side. What they're finding with AI is it's actually people who spend more time in AI, it's actually moderating their views. Because AI is about taking the medium or the average of every piece of data. Also, do you notice how nice AI is? Yeah. Great question, Stephen. No matter what you say or how stupid it is, it won't say, that's a really stupid idea, Stephen. It'll say, I can understand why you're asking this question. And generally speaking, because it looks for the median of things, it looks for the average, what is the most often used seventh word after these six words are strung together, that it's pushing people towards the middle.

1:02:48It's actually having a moderating effect, which I find very encouraging. I think old people in senior care who maybe have lost family members or don't have a lot of relationships in their life, I can see AI characters playing a big role in their life. I believe for a long time that the biggest danger of AI is not weapons. It's not income inequality. We voted for income inequality or contamination of our elections. I mean, all of these things are big issues. The biggest downside of AI, in my view, is loneliness. and that is, and we talk about this a lot, AI is convincing people they can have a reasonable facsimile of life on a screen with an algorithm.

1:03:29Why go through the effort of having friends when you have Discord and Reddit? Why go through the hassle of getting a job when you can make money on Coinbase or Robinhood supposedly? And why would you go through the effort of trying to have a romantic relationship when you have lifelike synthetic porn? And the young male brain, I think, is especially susceptible to this. Men age 20 to 30 are spending less time outdoors than prison inmates. 42 % of men, 18 to 24, and we talked about this on your last show, have never asked a woman out in person. So people are starting to believe they can have a reasonable facsimile of life.

1:04:00And what they need to know is that 40 % of the S &P, our economy, is trying to sequester you from the most important and rewarding thing in your life, and that is your relationships. So my prediction for America is we will never be as prosperous, incredible prosperity, incredible economic growth, and massive loneliness, depression, anxiety, and obesity. I wanted to get your POV as well on all this war stuff that's going on over in the Middle East. What you thought Trump was trying to do and actually what happened? Because, you know, he's talking about, oh, no, we said it would be six weeks. It's five and a half weeks.

1:04:33Everything's going to plan. We're winning the war. And you're good at seeing through things. What actually happened in your view here? I think that he was talked into by some of his security advisors in Netanyahu that his legacy could be restoring or making the Middle East more peaceful and being the president that severely diminished the capacity of what has been arguably the number one source of terror in the region and maybe even around the world for a long time, that this was his defining moment as a president to go in, that they were weakened, they were hobbled, and we had the military assets and the intelligence to go in and topple the regime, and he would be known as the president that liberated the Middle East.

1:05:14I think he bought into that. Off the back of Venezuela? Well— Which was a kind of success. Not kind of. That was arguably one of the greatest military operations in history. But it was a military operation. It wasn't a war. I mean, supposedly, his guards didn't know what happened. All of a sudden, they were on the floor throwing up because there was some sort of crazy radiation or radio waves. Not a single American soldier killed. Lifted him out. I mean, that was an incredible operation. I think he got drunk on that macho and that success and thought, well, I can do the same thing. And the problem with wars is that the enemy has a say.

1:05:50And what we have found since, I think a lot of our leaders believe that wars could ultimately, if you have a bigger army, will result in unconditional surrender on the other side. And there really hasn't been unconditional surrender since World War II. And all the enemy needs to do, whether it's the Viet Cong or the Taliban or the IRGC, all they need to do is survive and they win. In addition, I would describe the war as being operational excellence and strategic incompetence. I actually believe there was justification and some merit to the idea of a military operation that tried to take advantage of a weakened Iran where its air defenses were down to take out the IRGC or at least maybe provide cloud cover for a revolution against the IRGC to diminish their navy, diminish their nuclear capabilities, diminish their missile launch capability.

1:06:35I think there was real justification for that. the problem was the strategic incompetence here, not going to, not enlisting some European allies, not briefing Congress, not coordinating with Gulf allies, not recognizing the game theory around what happens if they start firing at ships in the Strait of Hormuz. It just was strategically incompetent. And now we're in a situation where we want to diminish their nuclear capacity. But the reality is, if they can maintain an ability to turn off and on the Strait of Hormuz, that is probably more powerful than them having nuclear weapons. If you look at what happens if the fertilizer or the products that create fertilizer are further sequestered, you could have a mass starvation event around the world.

1:07:26And so we've essentially given them potentially a weapon that's more powerful than a nuclear weapon. And also, we look like we have a bit of a glass jaw. We go in, we lose 14 soldiers, tragedy for them and their families. The Russians are losing 1 ,000 people a day, and they don't show any signs of giving up. We look like this giant boxer who's the most skilled and biggest boxer in the world. We go in, argument over whether we should go in or not. But now if we withdraw, what incentive do do the Iranians right now have to negotiate? When every day this goes on, they look like the little guy that stood up to the evil America in Israel.

1:08:07I think this has been a disaster from a U.S. brand standpoint. And I would argue that them blocking inbound and outbound traffic from Iranian ports is actually the way to go. But that lends itself to the argument we should have just continued with economic sanctions. But I have to own it. I thought military action was a good idea. I would argue, I apologize for the word salad here, that we've been at war with Iran for 47 years. Their first act of this regime in 1979 was to take 110 Americans hostage. 70 % of the IEDs in Iraq were built in Iran. We have been at war with Iran for a long time. The question is whether or not this military action slash war was worth it.

1:08:46And it looks as if it was so poorly executed on a strategic level that it has really diminished our brand. And we're now in the definition of a quagmire. If we leave, we look weak. And any nation we perform military action against just says, start firing missiles at their neighbors. You know who summarized every war for the U.S. right now? Is in this war was Ho Chi Minh. When he was describing Vietnam, he said, they will kill a lot of our people. We will kill some of theirs. They will tire. They will go home. We killed a million people in Vietnam. we lost 58 ,000 and we left. Yeah. Right? So Americans' tolerance for pain, and I'm not suggesting that we should go on military misadventures, but this right now is no doubt turning out to be a giant win for the IRGC and a pretty severe loss for America that further alienates us from our allies and shows kind of our soft tissue around our willingness to actually finish the job.

1:09:48The other statement that kind of perfectly summarizes this war is we broke it, now you fix it. We're leaving the world a much more insecure place, much more economically vulnerable. Gulf states thought that having a U.S. military base was Kevlar and ended up just putting a giant bullseye on them. So people are going to think twice before they cooperate with our U.S. military by hosting bases. We appear to have not thought through getting our expats out of the Gulf, protecting the Gulf states. And I'm biased. I think the Trump administration will be known for corruption and incompetence. And that incompetence is bubbling up.

1:10:24I watched a press conference of his last night where he said this, which kind of links to what you were saying. They're delaying it because we don't know who to deal with. They know who the leader is in this country. We don't know who the leader is in Iran. And I just thought, you know what? If I was running Iran, that's exactly what I would want. We don't know who to deal with, Trump. We don't even know who to negotiate with. If he can't negotiate, he can't do anything. So I think the Iranians potentially, the IRGC, are saying, no, we don't even know who's leading. Because then what can you do?

1:10:58You can't just keep bombing. That's not going to work. You also can't negotiate. So it runs the clock down. You can affect regime change from the air. The Iranians are smart. They have distributed power. So there's no kind of head of the snake to cut off. But also a lot of this is incompetence on our part. Do you know what we have done in the U.S. to our diplomatic corps, we've absolutely gutted it. When Vance goes to Islamabad thinking he's going to do a deal, if you look at the history of every truce, of every deal, of every summit, 97 % of the work is done before they hit the tarmac by diplomats who go through line by line and iron out and talk to each other and negotiate.

1:11:39We've gutted our diplomatic corps. Our counterintelligence operations have been gutted. So we're kind of flying blind without instruments. And they think that J.D. Vance going to Islamabad for a TikTok moment where he tries to look presidential and then blames it on the IRGC, it's just not going to work. So I think a lack of investment in key areas, a lack of soft power, whether it's through cutting USAID, a lack of respect for our diplomatic corps in the engine room, like, you know, actually working with people and talking to them. I think this level of incompetence and arrogance is all bubbling up.

1:12:16And you're right. They don't even know who to talk to. They don't even know who do we negotiate with. And by the way, you got to look at incentives. If I'm the IRGC, I'm like, all we need to do is survive. Every day this goes on. And by the way, we're in the middle of what I'd call the first AI meme war. And that is Trump is communicating with truths on true social and these macho videos and memes of him as Jesus Christ, but he's been bested by kind of the slopaganda or the AI memes of the IRGC. Have you seen these Legos memes? They understand him better than he understands them. They are outstanding.

1:12:57And it's a group of 18 to 25-year-old, probably people who look like this group. None of this lot were involved. In Tehran, figuring out AI-driven means, highly produced, highly effective, very strong message going right after the, you know, portrayals of the Epstein Island. And I mean, they are doing a much better job because as Lincoln said, and it goes back to basics, you can't win a war without public support and you can't lose a war with public support. And right now, Iran is winning what you would call the Slapagranda war. They are putting out better information and propaganda than us right now.

1:13:31And how do you predict this ends? Because as you said, we can't back out of this war as the West. Trump can't back out of it. But he also just can't keep doing it. The midterms are coming up. His approval ratings are, I think, an all-time low because of this war. His base is turning on him. So he can't, it's like lose-lose at this moment. Yeah, so the honest answer is I don't know because he's unpredictable. If I had to pick anything, I think there'll be a multinational force that has a vested interest in ensuring the Strait of Hormuz is open. There's so many things we've taken for granted in the West, and one of them is freedom of navigation.

1:14:02If Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia decide we need money or we need geopolitical power, we're going to close the Straits of Malacca or the Strait of Singapore. What if China closes off certain straits in the South China Sea where something like 60 % of trade goes through? We have always enforced, we've gone to war over this basic notion of freedom of navigation, that pretty much any ship pretty much gets to go anywhere with pretty much anything on it. So I think that European nations, Asian nations, all have a vested interest in ensuring the Strait of Hormuz is open. The way to do that is by sequestering or blocking, offloading and unloading of oil into Iranian ports.

1:14:40Because at some point, it not only shuts them off economically, I didn't know this, but within, I think, about 12 weeks, if you can't offload the oil and get it somewhere, it backs up and actually starts to damage the source well. Oh, okay. It like stops up. So I think ideally the optimistic scenario is there's a multinational force that enforces the Strait of Hormuz. He comes up with a series of objectives. If he had outlined, we're going to take out most of their Navy, we're going to give the Iranian people an opportunity to overthrow the IRGC, we're going to take out the majority of the missile capability.

1:15:18And after 72 hours said, this is a win and got the hell out. And coordinated with the Gulf states to say, what can we do to ensure your safety? I think it would have been a win. But now, I don't even know what his objectives are. Can you list what his objectives are? I don't know what they are. They seem to keep— We're going to be out very soon, which is why we need to continue this war. The communications here and thinking has been so sclerotic and difficult to track. I'm like, who's boarding what ships? Is it a ceasefire? Isn't it a ceasefire? He claims that them commandeering two Western vessels is not a violation of the ceasefire.

1:15:53Of course it is. That's an act of war. So we don't even know what to look for. You asked me, how does this turn out? I think a multinational force that opens the Strait of Hormuz, too many people have too much vested interest in free navigation. But in such a scenario, they're probably building up drones right now in the ceasefire. Underground, they'll be building drone factories in every bunker in Iran right now. The minute you do a multinational force in the Strait of Hormuz, those drones start hitting ships. And then the big companies say, I'm not putting my ships through there. I think that's a fair point.

1:16:22And actually, not that many ships have gone down, but it's actually an insurance problem. Because if you have 2 million barrels on a tanker, you've got a$160 million payload. Someone has to take receipt of that. Someone has bought it. So there needs to be middlemen in the form of insurance. And no one wants to take that kind of risk right now. So it's a lack of insurance more than it is a lack of safety from the threat. But I do think the reality is the Iranians, the IRGC, I say the bottom line is you go after the money. You don't bomb civilian infrastructure. That's a war crime. But making it very difficult for them and creating a carrot, you can have free flow of oil.

1:16:58If you look at the Arab Spring, if you look at revolutions, they're usually a function of unemployment or economics. So if you were to inhibit their ability to export oil, that brings them to the table. Because the IRGC has been able to survive because millions of families in Iran are dependent upon the IRGC for their check. They control the most profitable, biggest parts of the economy. So if you cut off their economics, that I think, or threaten to, I think that brings them to the table. I think that's the most optimistic scenario. It's the straits opened by a multinational force, and there's a feeling of safety because it's enforced.

1:17:35Iran agrees to keep it open. And somehow we develop a series of objectives that we claim those boxes we've been checked, and we declare victory and get the hell out of Dodge. But every day this goes on, we see, in my opinion, advantage and power to the IRGC because they just look like they're winning. I think it's clear that Trump miscalculated this situation quite horrifically. That's fair. Just to be a logic, like, you don't have to be a genius to look at what he's saying and see the contradictions, the constant contradictions week over week. And the big one he's now got himself trapped in is he was handing out a six-week timeline at the start of this, and we're approaching six weeks.

1:18:09So if you watch this press conference from yesterday, he is incredibly irritated because all the journalists are saying, you said six weeks, it's six weeks. And for the first time, there's a real measurable contradiction in what he said at the start versus now. And so if you watch it, he's so agitated. He's calling the report as a disgrace. I think in this press conference yesterday, he personally insulted around 10 journalists. He's crashing out. He's crashing out. Yeah. And for me, this guy's lost it. But I find the most interesting thing about this, one of the most interesting thing as someone who follows the markets, if you didn't know there was a war in Iran that threatens geopolitical, I don't know, safety, world oil flows, if you looked at the market, would you know?

1:18:55No. The market just hit an all-time high in the US. And again, it goes back to something very unhealthy. And that is there's certain elements of our economy, specifically the wealthy, that have totally disassociated from - They can't feel it at the pump. Do you feel it? No. So 50 % of consumer spending in the U.S. is the top 10%. The top 10 % don't give a shit if gas is at$6 a gallon. It doesn't matter. Young, poor people, lower-income people spend 22 % of their household income on energy. And when energy prices are going up, it really impacts them. So unfortunately, we've again outsourced the downside of war to less wealthy nations who are very oil-dependent, to the Gulf, which is incurring damage here.

1:19:36but America is somewhat sequestered other than reputational risk and who gets elected president. We're somewhat sequestered. Again, we've outsourced the pain to military families, to people who spend a disproportionate amount of their income, lower income households on energy. But it's somewhat dangerous that the most powerful people in the world, and to a certain extent the most powerful nation in the world, seems to be unaffected by some of this. we stocks are at an all-time high this is something that i've made for you i realized that the diarivisio audience are strivers whether it's in business or health we all have big goals that we want to accomplish and one of the things i've learned is that when you aim at the big big big goal it can feel incredibly psychologically uncomfortable because it's kind of like being stood at the foot of mount everest and looking upwards the way to accomplish your goals is by breaking them down into tiny small steps and we call this in our team the one percent and actually this philosophy is highly responsible for much of our success here.

1:20:40So what we've done so that you at home can accomplish any big goal that you have is we've made these one percent diaries and we released these last year and they all sold out so I asked my team over and over again to bring the diaries back but also to introduce some new colors and to make some minor tweaks to the diary so now we have a better range for you. So if you have a big goal in mind and you need a framework and a process and some motivation, then I highly recommend you get one of these diaries before they all sell out once again. And you can get yours at thediary.com. And if you want the link, the link is in the description below.

1:21:16On this point of stocks, the average person, and tying it back into what we're saying about AI, because there's been this overinvestment in artificial intelligence technology companies. You said earlier, a kid in Stanford right now or anybody could raise$10,$20 million for some AI idea they have, and I'm seeing it everywhere. The companies are over-investing in infrastructure. I mean, it was crazy. I think OpenAI did the biggest ever fundraise. Was it almost$200 billion to build data centers on revenues of, I don't know, is it$30 billion or something? Craziness is going on in the markets. At some point, things correct.

1:21:48Oh, 100%. If you look at the greatest spends on infrastructure, When they get above 2 % or 3 % of GDP, there's almost always a crash afterwards. It happened in the railroads. It happened in electrification. It happened in the internet. It happened in the huge telco buildout of global crossing. Now, having said that, that doesn't mean those companies don't come back at some point. But there's almost always a dip or a correction afterwards. I incurred, or I absolutely was on the wrong end of that dip in 2000, again in 2008. But if you look at the most valuable companies in the world, they have, in a single year, all of them have had a 40 % to 97 % correction.

1:22:26Amazon went down 94%, 97 % from 99 % to 2001. Facebook was off 72 % in 2022. The difference now is if those companies go down, they're such a big part of the market. If they sneeze, the global economy could catch a cold. So I think that technology will absolutely survive. I do think it's seminal, it's breakthrough. But that doesn't mean that we're not going to incur a pretty massive correction from a stock market perspective. Also, let me catastrophize for a moment. Your generation and the majority of investors right now are under the impression that any breakthrough in technology results in a small number of companies over time that are able to use IP, distribution, ability to raise capital to sequester and capture trillions of dollars in market cap.

1:23:16E-commerce, that's Amazon, eBay, Shopify, social media, whether it's obviously Meta or Snap or YouTube or AI. The problem is, is that what we forget is there have been seminal technologies that have not necessarily resulted in any small number of companies been able to capture shareholder value. Let me give you some examples. If someone said to you right now, for the next 36 months, you either have to go without AI or jet transportation, what would you pick? Without jet transportation or without AI? Prop planes for the next three years or AI? I would keep the AI. Okay. Hands down, jet transportation.

1:24:01I use AI every day. I invest and a economics, jet transportation is much more important to me. I think that's skirting along the surface of the atmosphere at eight-tenths of speed of sound has unlocked emotional and financial well-being across the world. It's an unbelievable innovation. If you added up all the shareholder value, the losses and the gains, the profits and the losses, right now, as we sit here now, the entire airline and jet manufacturing industry is a break-even. It still hasn't made money. If you look at all the airlines that have gone out of business, if you look at the government subsidies of all the jet plane manufacturers, it has been a shitty business.

1:24:32It's at zero. PCs. I was on the board of Gateway Computer. I realize that's the weakest flex in the world. I have no idea what that is. You don't know what Gateway is? No. God, I feel so old. It was this company, Ted Waite, who was sort of the Michael Delvis generation, figured out a way to assemble computers in, I think, South Dakota. And it became this hugely valuable company. When I was on the board, it was the second largest computer manufacturer by volume in the world. We were ahead of Apple. We got sold for$600 million or maybe$760 million, which is what Alphabet will lose in about three trading seconds are gained today.

1:25:03No one's been able to capture a lot of money around PCs. People say Apple. No, it wasn't PCs. It was the iPhone. Vaccines. I think vaccines are the second greatest innovation in history, only bested by the American middle class. Millions of lives saved through vaccines. Moderna's down 90%. There's no one company that's been able to capture, sequester shareholder values. So my thesis is that there's a one in three chance that AI becomes as important as vaccines, as important as jet transportation, as important as PCs, but there's no one or small group of companies that are able to capture shareholder value.

1:25:37Why is that? AI puts AI out of business. And that is, if you look at the convergence of the technologies, all the models are converging. AI reverse engineers any feature, and basically they're all kind of, they all started with this delta, they're all converging towards the same thing. So I wonder if the big winner or the stakeholder that wins in AI is us. Yeah. And that is we have amazing vaccines, PCs, transportation, but a small number of companies haven't become worth trillions of dollars. And I wonder if the same thing might not happen with AI, with open-weight models out of China, with basically great models that are for free.

1:26:18My prediction would be to go short the AI ecosystem from a shareholder standpoint or from a stakeholder standpoint, I think it's going to be great. And let me back up. I think a more important technology in terms of how it's going to change the world is not AI. Every year I say this is my technology of the year. In 24, I said it was AI. 25 and 26, I've had the same technology that said this is more important than AI. Any guesses? Talk about this a lot. You would not know this technology or use it. That's a hint. Okay. Testosterone. Replaced me. That hurts, because you know I'm on it. That hurts.

1:26:59Okay, a Zenpec. Okay, GLP-1. GLP-1, yeah. Talk to somebody who's on GLP-1 and uses AI every day and ask them which one they would give up. Yeah. I think GLP-1, if you look at what's really going to have an impact on people's lives and what will create more shareholder value, I think it's GLP-1 than AI. And a lot of people much smarter than me say, you're full of shit AI. AI is going to change everything. I don't. I think GLP-1 is more important technology than AI. And my thesis is there's a one in three chance that AI ends up being more like vaccines than e-commerce or social. And that is going to be impossible for a small number of companies to capture all the shareholder value they're raising money at.

1:27:37The other kind of what I'll put, you know, fun to speculate or catastrophize. catastrophize. If someone were to say the U.S. economy crashed in the next 24 months or valuations came down not 30%, but the market dropped 40 % or 50%, which has happened before, I wouldn't think it's because if it's misadventures in the Middle East, I think there's a decent chance. If I were advising Xi in China and I saw America as a real adversary and said, we are sick of these guys messing with us, treating us so poorly, these ridiculous tariffs, very difficult to understand what they're thinking or how we deal with them, I would do what I think they're doing, and that is I would engage in modern-day steel dumping.

1:28:17So back, I think it was in the 80s or the 90s, China wanted to ramp up. They wanted to consolidate the global steel market, so they began dumping cheap steel into the U.S., and U.S. steel manufacturers could not compete. And the idea was price a below market, consolidate the market, and then you get margin power. That's basically what Amazon and Netflix have done. They've sold you a dollar worth of goods for 80 cents until they wrapped up the market, then they started raising prices. I think China is beginning to engage in what I'll call AI dumping. And that is they're going to have a series of open-weight models.

1:28:46About a third of corporations now are supposedly using Chinese lightweight open-weight models that are cheaper. If I were Xi, I would just dump cheap AI into the US market. And the moment large corporations start announcing they're not engaging these multi-million dollar site licenses with Anthropic or OpenAI, they're using these inexpensive Chinese models. And the market realizes that there's no way they can justify these incredible valuations, I think the U.S. market crashes because 40 % of the S &P now is directly or tangentially related to this giant bet America is making on AI. The majority of GDP growth over the last two years has come from AI CapEx.

1:29:23If that slows down, we're immediately in recession. That's such an interesting idea that if you're sat in China as a leader now, you go, do you know what? Give Americans cheap AI and you'll kneecap their economy. 100 % that's what I would do it does make sense it makes a lot of sense I've heard a lot of founders get quite scared that there will be an economic crash in the next 12 or 24 months because of the overinvestment in AI and investors are going to start to realize that the returns just aren't there for a lot of these companies that have raised at 100 million valuation on an idea and so the market will contract and if the market does contract what does history tell us that the individual should do the person listening They're not the average person in such a market.

1:30:03Because they're scared they're going to be laid off. If all this investor money suddenly contracts, investors go risk off. They might be laid off. Well, again, so Jamie Dimon was asked, what is the definition of a recession? And he said something that happens every seven years. Your generation isn't used to a recession. No. I was on the board of the New York Times, and within like 60 days, 70 % of our revenues went away. 2008 the credit crisis advertisers 70 80 percent of the new york times revenue was advertising you know in may we're doing x million in revenue and then you joined the board and then yeah no i think i joined the board i joined the board exactly the wrong time i raised frickster i raised 600 million to become the largest shareholder in the new york times and overnight i turned it into 200 million so but yeah that was that was a learning experience for me Anyways, just about the time I started having kids.

1:30:55God, that was stressful. Anyway, they basically, within 60 days, lost 70 % of their ad revenue. And we had to go and find a Mexican billionaire to basically call some to bail us out. Your generation really doesn't know what a recession looks like. Everything stops. Imagine 70 % of your subscription and advertising revenue from one month to one month declines. What would that do to your business? You'd have to consider letting people go, and you'd have to cut costs. But here's the thing. To a certain extent, it's healthy. You start developing all these fatty deposits, and the best time to start a business is coming out of a recession because people are cheaper, things are cheaper, people have a new way of looking at stuff.

1:31:37And also, for your generation, people don't realize, I mean, quite frankly, if I'm a 28-year-old who's talented and doesn't have kids and dogs yet, But I think a recession that takes down the asset prices might not be the worst thing in the world that happens to your generation. Because when 08 crashed, when there was the crash of 08, we let the banks fail. I'm sorry, we bailed out the banks, but we didn't bail out the economy. And I was coming into my prime income earning years. I was in my early 40s. And I was still lucky enough and talented enough to make good money. So what did I get in 2009?

1:32:11Amazon, Apple, and Netflix for$8,$10, and$12 a share. those companies have 20x'd. We don't let anything fail now. We bail out the markets. Where do you and your colleagues find value? What's cheap right now? Where do you find value? And here's the thing. There's two parts of your life from a financial standpoint. There's investing part of your life, and there's harvesting. You're in the investing part of your life. There's a certain advantage to getting to invest when asset prices are low. There's nowhere for you to find value. I'm pretty comfortable saying Apple or NVIDIA aren't going to 20x from here.

1:32:50Where do you find value? Real estate? Well, Brooklyn is$3 ,000 a square foot. So while you're in the investing part of your life and you can survive a bit of a shock, I don't know if, quite frankly, a good thing to happen for your generation wouldn't be a correction in asset prices. because the economy has an unbelievable malleability and resilience to reform, reshape, and come back. Recessions usually don't last longer than 18, 24, or 36 months. And I think a correction in asset values would be good. But what we decided, the leadership of my generation has decided, we'd rather pull out your credit card and artificially prop up the markets through deficit spending or bailouts.

1:33:32They're talking, we mentioned Spirit Airlines, They're talking about a$500 million government loan to Spirit Airlines to bail them out. That's nothing but you transferring money to me. Because who owns shares in Spirit? People my age. Who's trying to buy shit for cheap? People your age. It should be allowed to go out of business. It should decline in price. Asset value should go down. When we bailed out every baby boomer owner of a restaurant or a small business in COVID, That just robbed opportunity from the new graduate of a culinary academy who wanted her shot to go buy a restaurant for pennies on the dollar.

1:34:12Everyone in my generation has had those asset dips where if you were resilient and coming into your prime income earning years, you could buy assets for a lower price. We've decided that the government is here to bail my generation out and smooth out our assets, make sure that our assets never go down by too much. All that does is rub opportunity from your generation. You wrote this book, The Algebra of Wealth, The Simple Formula for Success. Brilliant, brilliant book. And linking to what you were just saying there, where are you investing now? Like if you're a young person that's trying to defend your money or just really anybody at any age that's trying to find a place to put your money where you'll make a return, I guess there's actually two questions here, which is the investing part.

1:34:50And they're like, how do I set myself up just to make more money? Especially if there's going to be an economic collapse, things might get a little bit uncertain. I think I heard you say before that less people are leaving their jobs. it's harder for entry-level people to get into newer roles potentially at the moment. So in such a world where there is uncertainty, and I want to make sure that I don't go broke, I have$10 ,000, let's say, and I want to make sure I increase my earning potential. What's one's advice for those dual strategies? Well, I'll tell you what I'm doing. And it's different.

1:35:21I'm at a point where I'm not looking to get rich. I'm looking to not get poor. So I just diversify like crazy. I don't invest more than 3 % of my net worth in any one thing. Yeah. And I've been diversifying out of the U.S. market into Latin America and European markets. Because the reality is nobody knows. The only Kevlar against the unknown, which is everywhere, is diversification. Now, a younger person can take more risks, right? I mean, where am I doing? I'm diversifying and I'm investing in Pokemon because I do it with my son and he loves it. And I think collectibles are actually the only place where there's value right now.

1:35:52Everything to me just looks crazy over value. I look at everything and think, that's going to get cut in half. Oh, that's going to get cut in half. But you always want to be in the market. It's very hard to be a stock picker. So if you're your age, you're a talented entrepreneur. You're investing in yourself. There's no ROI like finding a business you're good at, trying to invest, and working your ass off. That's how you get wealthy for young people in this generation. Or you find a company that's going fast. You do well there. You get stock options. But the key is to make sure that a certain amount of your income never comes into your hands.

1:36:24People your age can't save money. If they get$100, they'll spend$105. So the key is to find every matching program or every vehicle or hack to make sure you never see the money. And from an early age, it goes into low-cost index funds. Take 30 % of your capital and have fun with it. Buy NVIDIA, whatever you want. Do you think you're smarter than everyone else? And then you're going to find out you're not. And the market outperforms you. But how do you get rich? The only answer I have is slowly. And that is figure out a way to make sure that money every month is invested in low-cost index funds.

1:36:59In terms of trying to pick the next big thing, oh, Christ, your guess is as good as mine. I just don't. And anyone who tells you they know doesn't know. So I know how to get you rich. That's the good news. The bad news is the answer is slowly, and it requires some discipline. But people your age, just find out a way to start saving when you're a teenager,$25 a month. Then in your 20s, 100, then 500, then 1 ,000. And regardless of whether you have a platinum record or a best-selling book or a podcast empire, you're going to be fine. But I can't look at a sector and say, oh, it's AI. Well, AI is overvalued right now.

1:37:36I don't know. Your job is to find something you're good at, to focus such that you can be great at something which commands margin, to show some discipline, save some money, to diversify like crazy, and then to let time take over. because I look at you and I think, oh, I'm like Steven. I'm a young entrepreneur. And then I look in the mirror, I'm like, fuck. And I'm like, oh my God, I'm five years from death. It goes, but it happened in a blink. So take advantage of that. Because if I gave you a magic box and said, if you put, like you're making real money now. If you put$100 ,000 in a box, by the time you're my age, it's gonna be worth a million bucks.

1:38:11And imagine that that box is like a second. $100 ,000 in, a second, it's a million dollars. This to this feels like a second. So how much money would you put in that box? Oh my gosh, yeah. So the moment you have some capital, just think about trying to, at a young age, show some discipline and put some money in that box. Because it just, compound interest is just, it's staggering, the power of it. But trying to predict where you should invest, other than investing in yourself, additional skills, certifications, investing in relationships, trying to do as many nice, kind things for other people.

1:38:49I think that compounds, especially when you're younger. People remember people who helped them when they were younger and maybe not that powerful. I imagine you're very loyal. The person who gave you$5 ,000, do you resent the money they make? They made? No. I actually emailed them this weekend. It's called Alistair, thanking him again, sent him a big letter. Because that person took a chance on you. There was a certain amount of kindness there, right? It wasn't even the$5 ,000. It was that a smart person said, I believe in you. I believe in you. And that meant that I could go back to my mother who was ignoring me and saying, look, this smart person believed in me, and therefore it made me believe in myself.

1:39:19That's really the investment they made. That's everything. And they took a chance, and it probably was, they wanted a return, but what they wanted to do was help out a young man. Those people, your opportunity to make those investments as a young person, whether it's helping someone get a job, being kind, a kind word, a kind text, telling them how impressive they are, whatever it might be. That stuff, it's like investing. It compounds. And you wake up at 50 and you find those relationships are really powerful assets. So look, I don't have a silver bullet here. Save money, diversify, compound interest, invest in relationships early.

1:39:54Those compound too. What are the most important decisions you made that resulted in the biggest sort of wealth upside for you? And they could be any kind of decision. It's not like I invested in this, but just, I don't know, a philosophy and mentality and approach that when you look back on your career, you go, it was that, that was the biggest step change in my money? Well, my superpower is I've gotten shot in the face a couple of times, personally and professionally, and I mourn and I get up and I go try and raise money again and start another company. I had an e-commerce incubator. It was basically out of business six months from starting it.

1:40:27My e-commerce company that went public in 2002 went through restructuring, which is a fancy word for bankruptcy in 2008. I started a video delivery company that went out of business. I mean, you know, people talk about their successes. I think generously, I'm sort of like three, four, and two. I've had more losses than wins. Every time I've been rejected from a school, I had my affections were returned from a potential romantic partner. I got fired. I had a company go out of business. I had investment. I've always been able, and I think this is the key skill. I think you have to do whatever you need to do, whether it's be around people who care about you, exercise.

1:41:06You have to be able to stand in front of a metaphorical mirror and go, I can add a lot of value to a company. I can raise money again and start a business if I need to. I can make someone really happy. That's been my superpower. So the seminal moment in my professional success was a willingness to say, okay, I just got shot in the face. The whole world says I'm a failure because I raised a ton of money and I had to call my investors and say They were shutting down. That's humiliating. It's public failure. I mourn. And then I go out and I raise more money and I try another company. Because only one in seven businesses succeed.

1:41:40So I started nine. And I knew at some point, if you work hard enough, I mean, you can't guarantee success, but so much of it is out of your control. You just want to step up to the plate as many times as possible. You want to have a great swing. You want to be in shape. You want to be a good person. But a lot of it is resilience. I have a lot of really talented friends who came up through the alternative investments community, masters of the universe, making one, two, three million bucks a year working for hedge funds in the 90s and the odds. And then they went out on their own, raised a bunch of money, hit some bumps, and then closed their funds.

1:42:16Or they had a business. I have friends who are entrepreneurs who left a good job and started a business. And they get stuck. These are people who've never known anything but success. They got into an Ivy League school. They got a great job. Everything has been this. And then they hit a failure and they just get, they lose their mojo. They just get stuck. They can't get over it. They lose the confidence to go out and raise more money. And that's the key. The key to success is getting shot in the face and then just getting up again. I'm 30 years old. How old are you, Scott? I'm 61. You're actually 61.

1:42:56No, I'm lying. Yeah, I'm 61. It's the testosterone therapy. No, I didn't think you were 61. I appreciate that. I thought you were a lot younger than 61. 62 in November. If you'd said to me anywhere between 49 and 61, I think I would have believed you. I'm sorry, let me take that out. I'm 49, Stephen. What is it that, you know, you're 61, I'm 33. What is it that I don't know as a 30-year-old that I'm going to find out in the next 30 years? that I should know? What is the most important thing that I should know about the next 30 years? Nothing's ever as good or as bad as it seems. You've raised a ton of money.

1:43:35You're on fire right now.

1:43:40Be humble. Because a lot of this is out of your control. If there's AI dumping in the US or the SWOR gets out of control and the market shuts down, this goes away. And it's not your fault. But nor is your success. So when things are going really well, be really humble and invest a lot in other people and realize, be careful not to believe your own press. In 1999, my company was going public. I was looking at jets. I just thought I was a man. I wasn't very kind to my ex-wife. I really thought a lot of myself. And I credited my character, my grit for my success without crediting enough to how lucky I was that I was in the right place at the right time.

1:44:23So be humble when you're successful. At the same time, when you fail, and I failed a lot, realize a lot of that isn't your fault too, and forgive yourself and move on. So a lot of your success and a lot of your failure isn't your fault. And when you look back on your life, when you look back on the biggest disappointments, and my sense is I don't know much about you, but my sense is you haven't had a lot of tragedy or real disappointment, at least professionally. It feels like it's been upward for you. When you look back on the most disappointing things that happened to you in this decade, you're not going to be disappointed about the thing that happened.

1:44:56You're going to be disappointed about how upset you were. So forgive yourself and realize this will pass. Because at the end of life, people wish they'd allowed themselves to be happier. They think, I wish I had not beaten myself up over that breakup, over that loss of job, over that loss of money. They're upset about how upset they were, not about what actually happened. So nothing's ever as good as bad as it seems. And to really try and embrace, and I didn't do this, embrace relationships. And that is, I got on a hamster wheel. I just never had enough money. My whole identity was professional.

1:45:36And from like the age of 25 to 45, I don't think I established many healthy relationships. I just didn't invest in them. I was always good with friends. I always stayed in contact. But I kind of woke up in my early 40s. I just decided I wanted to move to New York and not have any obligations. I got divorced. I didn't say left my friends, but I didn't have money. I was living like a caveman, just occasionally leaving for food or alcohol or a good time. And I liked having absolutely no obligations and no connection to anybody. I actually enjoyed it. And then I realized I started reading a lot of literature on happiness and longevity.

1:46:12And I realized if I do this, I'll out of 55 because I don't have any connection to anybody. And so I started investing in relationships, started making an effort to reinvigorate friendships, really started to think about thoughtfully about, I want to be around people a lot more. I was becoming very much an introvert and isolated. I mean, and I was like a poorer version of Howard Hughes at some point. But so I would say really focus on as much as you can, relationships and investing in them in your 30s. I mean, it's super rewarding or it pays off. But more than anything, just forgive yourself. And become a dad?

1:46:50Well, look, I didn't want to have kids. So, and I think you can be happy without kids. I kind of got forced into it. I was with someone who was a much higher character, much more attractive than me. And she decided she wanted to have kids. And I said, I'm never getting married again. And she called my bluff and said, we don't have to be married. So I go, anyways, Anyways, so I didn't want kids, but now, and this goes back to purpose. Everyone talks about finding a purpose. And the way I approached life, which was really screwed up, is I approached it from a capitalist standpoint. I want more out of this friendship than I'm getting.

1:47:24I want more out of this investment than I invested. I want to pay this employee less than the value they're creating. I saw everything as a transaction that I wanted to be on the right side of. And what I figured out is that finding your purpose is finding that thing that you can never get a real positive return on. What do I mean by that? I will never get a positive return from my children. They're never going to be up at 2 a.m. worried about me, right? They are costing me so much money. I don't care how nice the senior home is that I'm putting them in. the amount of love, concern, and anxiety I feel over my boys, it would be almost impossible for them to return that.

1:48:04And that's the point. I finally have something where I feel like that sense of purpose. The most loyal, proud Americans are veterans because there's no way American really pay them back for leaving their families and risking their person. That's an unparalleled investment. They'll never get that investment back. But what they get back is purpose. And I didn't realize that finding something you were so passionate about, whether it was a nonprofit or saving dogs from kill shelters or getting involved in a woman's right to have bodily autonomy, where you give so much that there's just no way you'll ever really get the kind of tangible ROI.

1:48:40And what I realized is when you find that, that's your purpose. And I didn't realize that. So having kids for me has given me purpose. I enjoy it. But that's my thing now. I realized that's my job is to overinvest. It's not to measure it because I'm just not going to get that back. So for me, having kids has been my purpose. Also, building something with a partner is really rewarding. It's like you travel a lot. Inevitably, I don't know if this happens to you. I always get upgraded to the presidential suite when I'm alone. And it's like it doesn't happen. If you don't have someone to share with, it doesn't happen.

1:49:18And the most rewarding businesses, the most rewarding things in my life have been when you build something with a co-founder or you build something with a partner. And when you have kids who go up and down in terms of their health and well-being and they end up being good kids, which my kids are, and you've built that with somebody, that's immensely rewarding. It's like the most rewarding businesses I've ever had have been with co-founders where we build something together and it pays off. It's just so rewarding. And when you don't build something with someone else, when you build it on your own, it's like getting upgraded without anyone there.

1:49:51It's like, It didn't happen. It's so true. So what I tell any man, there's never a good time to have kids. You want to be somewhat financially stable. That was my problem. The biggest source of stress in my life was when I had kids in 08 when I went broke. That was hugely stressful. And I think you want to make sure you have not only a partner you're committed to, but I didn't realize how important confidence was in a partner. Because once you have kids, it's like operating a Panzer tank division. There's a lot of moving parts. And you have to have a competent partner. But I think if you're economically somewhat secure and you have a competent partner, for me, I'm not going to tell anyone what to do.

1:50:29Having kids has given me my purpose, hands down the most rewarding thing I will ever do. That is the last thing I will think about when I die. I see so much emotion in you when you talk about it. Your eyes are filled with tears as you start talking about your boys. Yeah. Because I know a lot about you because I've interviewed you a couple of times now and I've read your books and so on. And I find that fascinating it because I don't know what it is. I don't know where that emotion comes from because lots of people sit here and talk about their kids. But the minute you started mentioning them and the impact they've had on you in terms of helping you find your purpose, I could see the emotion in your eyes.

1:51:03Yeah. Well, and there's some things that surprised me. One, I didn't fall in love with my kids. I didn't love my kids when they first came out into the world. I felt a sense of responsibility and anxiety. I did not like having babies. I was able to be selfish up until that point. I didn't feel this immense level of love and support that you were supposed to. I fell in love with my boys. It was a slow, incremental thing. And I mean, for me, and I think everyone's a little bit different. The reason I'm just fascinated and obsessed with my older one is he's me. I look at him, You know, the bad skin he had in his junior year, his scrawny, 6 '1", 130 pounds.

1:51:51The way he laughs, I'm like, when I hug him, I'm hugging me at 17 or 18. It's like so rewarding. And that's why I love him so much. My second is a different species than me. I observe him with fascination because I can't get over the fact that I made that because he is so different than me. So I'm fascinated by him in just such a different way, right? My oldest is a pleaser. Used to come into the bedroom on a Sunday and get in bed with us and then stand up and say, let's make a plan. And I'd be like, where are the cameras? This is like a Hallmark film, right? My youngest is a terrorist assessing the household for vulnerabilities so we can strike when we're at our weakest.

1:52:33The only one recommendation I make to anyone who has a kid, have two, because it's fascinating. The only thing I can guarantee when I meet someone with one kid, I'm like, okay, the only thing I know about the second is it will be entirely different. If you want to believe in nature over nurture, have two kids. Because they just could not be more different. And it's fascinating. We just haven't treated our boys that differently. We just haven't birth order, whatever. There's something in the batter. First Lady Obama, Michelle Obama, said something that really struck with me. She said, they come to you.

1:53:07You know, I forget, I think you've had that guy on, the child psychologist guy. We think we're engineers and that we get to make the sheep. We don't. We're shepherds. We get to point them in the right direction. We get to pick what food they have. But they come to you. Oh, my God. I've seen that. And I like to think, I always thought that my kids were going to be super into World War II movies and CrossFit because that's what dad is into. And they just want to hang out with me. No, no, no. The reason I'm up at night looking at Pokemon cards is because my kid is interested in it. And what you realize as a dad is if you want to be a good dad, you have to lean into their interests.

1:53:43I'm not fascinated by Pokemon. That's not something I will do once my kid is out of the house. But what you realize is you have to engage in their interests and get into it. And it took me a while because I was very selfish to fully embrace that. I hated giving up my weekends. I liked having fabulous brunch with interesting people. I liked going to St. Bart's. All that went away, and I resented it for a while. And then there's a certain ease and relaxation that overwhelms you. You're like, I'm not trying to be fabulous. I know what I'm doing this weekend. I'm going to some lame birthday party for four-year-olds, and I know I'm taking my kid to the soccer game.

1:54:17And there's a certain ease about it that's relaxing and liberating. Building something with somebody, seeing the way they evolve is just fascinating. Just fascinating, the things they start asking you. And you find your purpose. So I would recommend it to anybody, but I also want to be clear. It's not one size fits all. Some people can be very happy not having it. So any of the themes we've talked about today, especially at the end of this conversation, are in your new book, Notes on Being a Man, How to Address the Masculinity Crisis, Build Mental Strength, and Raise Good Sons. I've had so many of my friends, actually both men and women, talk to me about this book because I think so many of us have been looking for a roadmap on exactly these subjects, Notes on Being a Man.

1:54:58Some of the themes are here on the back about being kind, about being a good dad and what that means. But a lot of the stuff you've said about getting out of the house and really attacking the world and who one should become in such a world. So I highly recommend anybody who is raising sons, who is a son, who is a father, or just wants to understand what it is to be a good man in the modern world gets this book, and I'm going to link it below all of you. It's been such a smash hit, and it's really rare that some of my close friends will send me messages, thinking about one particular friend, about this book.

1:55:26And I think it's a testament to the impact it's having on the world. So thank you for writing this. I know you took a long time to write this book because we talked about it a couple of times when we had conversations. But it is finally here. Who is it for? I write with only one objective. I hope my sons read my stuff in 30 or 40 years and feel like they understand me and the world a little bit better. That's it. And I use that as a means of trying to be fearless because there's so many comments and so many, there's such a narrative out there trying to shape your views around the orthodoxy that whatever your political leanings are, it's pretty easy to be intimidated into having a certain narrative.

1:56:02So I try to write as if no one's going to read it, but my son's in 20 or 30 years. We have a closing tradition where the last guest leaves a question for the next, not knowing who they're leaving it for. The question left for you is, in one sentence, what is the most challenging setback you've experienced and what's the lesson you want to pass on to others? That's easy. My mother dying. And you can never tell your parents how much you love them too much. Forgive them and...

1:56:32My mom died slowly, which is bad for her, but it was good for me because nothing went outside.

1:56:40What is the emotion you're experiencing? I miss my mom terribly. I'm a middle-aged man who hasn't gotten over the death of his mother. Lie to my life.

1:56:56Reaves me on her own, secretary's salary. Gave me confidence. Everything.

1:57:08Is there a way to, you said you're a middle-aged man that hasn't gotten over the loss of his mother. Is there a way to? I don't want to. I think the receipts for love is grief. I hope my boys feel the same way about me. It hasn't gotten in the way of my life. Makes me be more bold with my emotions. yeah I don't I see it I used to see it as a problem I went to grief counseling now I see it as a not a bug but as a feature the receipts for for love are grief and anxiety and so what I would tell every young person is I I hope they have a lot of joy in their life I also hope they have a decent amount of grief because that means they have people they love immensely

1:57:53Amen thank you Scott thank you Steve good to see you Congratulations on your burgeoning empire. Jesus Christ, man. This is out of control. You say this every time. Every time I come here, I'm like, where are the helicopters? It's like pretty soon I'm going to see like a nuclear tower power plant powering next to it. It's just amazing. And you're like everywhere. At one point, I was at the airport with my boys. And I'm staring at this like 100-foot like testimonial deal. And I'm like, make it. Stop. God. Jesus.

1:58:59A huge number of businesses have spent the last few years adopting AI, and my company, Stephen.com, is no different. But here's the thing. Most companies actually have no idea whether or not it's working for them. Their teams might be using AI, they might be spending money on AI, and their leaders might be telling the board that they are an AI-enabled business, but they'd also likely struggle to explain where in the business AI is helping. The issue is there's no easy way to see whether it's delivering value or working effectively unless you're using our sponsor Liridin, which runs seamlessly as a browser plugin or desktop agent and shows you exactly how AI is being used across your organization, what it's actually producing and where the real opportunities in your business are.

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