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In short

Podcast Notes: What Fresh Hell: Laughing in the Face of Motherhood - DEEP DIVE: Peer Pressure

Episode Overview In this episode, co-hosts Amy Wilson and Margaret Ables discuss the concept of peer pressure among adolescents, exploring its complexities, biological underpinnings, and the implications for parenting. They delve into what peer pressure really means in today's context, how it manifests, and strategies to help children navigate these challenges.

Key Topics Discussed

  1. Understanding Peer Pressure
  2. Definition:
  3. According to Merriam-Webster, peer pressure is the feeling of needing to do what others do to be liked or respected.
  4. Centerstone defines it as an external influence that affects decisions impacting mental and physical health.
  5. Misconceptions:
  6. Commonly associated with drugs and alcohol, but the pressures teens face are broader and include academic and social expectations.
  1. Biological Imperatives of Adolescents
  2. Adolescents are biologically driven to take risks in social settings.
  3. Studies indicate that peer presence increases risk-taking behavior, revealing a connection to social status and acceptance.
  1. Developmental Stages
  2. Peer influence begins in early childhood but peaks during adolescence (around ages 14-18).
  3. Younger children are aware of social dynamics, but peer pressure becomes more pronounced as they enter adolescence.
  1. Nature of Peer Pressure
  2. Positive vs. Negative:
  3. Negative pressures include engaging in risky behaviors (e.g., drugs, alcohol).
  4. Positive pressures can involve motivating academic excellence or participation in sports.
  5. Research shows most teens feel pressure from academics rather than substances.
  1. Current Pressures Facing Teens
  2. According to a 2019 Pew Research study:
  3. Academic pressure is the most cited form experienced by teens.
  4. Girls are more likely to feel pressured about appearance compared to boys.

Strategies for Parents

  1. Setting Boundaries
  2. Establish clear rules and expectations for behavior.
  3. Encourage open discussions about peer dynamics and decisions.
  1. Empowering Independence
  2. Allow kids to express individuality and make decisions while providing a framework of safety.
  3. Reward independent thinking and self-assertion.
  1. Equipping Kids to Handle Pressure
  2. Teach kids to use “get out of jail free” phrases to avoid peer pressure (e.g., blaming parents for restrictions).
  3. Reinforce the idea that seeking approval from peers is common but not the only standard of worth.
  1. Modeling Behavior
  2. Parents should exemplify healthy behavior and decision-making.
  3. Engage in discussions that normalize resistance to negative peer pressure.

Key Takeaways

  • Peer pressure is complex and multifaceted—it's not just about bad behavior.
  • Adolescents are biologically predisposed to prioritize peer approval, affecting their decision-making.
  • Parents play a crucial role in equipping their children to navigate peer pressure through boundaries, discussions, and modeling behavior.
  • Open communication about the realities of peer pressure can help demystify it and reduce anxiety surrounding it.

Resources Mentioned

  • Studies and Articles:
  • Pew Research Center: "Most U.S. Teens See Anxiety and Depression as a Major Problem Among Their Peers"
  • Centerstone: "What is Peer Pressure and Who is at Risk?"
  • Lawrence Steinberg's research on peer influence.

Related Episodes

  • "When Other Kids Are Bad Influences"
  • "What Is Up With Teenagers?"

Conclusion The episode serves as a valuable resource for parents seeking to understand and address peer pressure in their children’s lives. Through humor and insight, Amy and Margaret provide practical strategies to support healthy adolescent development amidst the complexities of social dynamics.

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For more parenting insights and humor, check out the [What Fresh Hell podcast](https://www.whatfreshhellpodcast.com/).

Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.

Chapters

Tap a time to open that second in VO

Mailbag Segment: Felicity Memories

0:45 to 2:26

A listener shares a delightful memory related to Felicity and Amy's role.

“A podcast that solves today's parenting dilemmas.”

Transitioning to Peer Pressure

2:26 to 3:37

Discussion shifts from Felicity to peer pressure with definitions and insights.

“The part that I played wasn't that interesting.”

The Biology of Peer Pressure

3:37 to 7:14

Exploration of biological imperatives and how peer pressure affects behavior.

“I wanted to start with definitions of exactly what peer pressure is.”

Understanding Peer Pressure in Adolescence

7:14 to 10:48

Discussion on the prevalence and types of peer pressure in different age groups.

“You're getting more and more interested in your peers every year, but it doesn't mean you don't notice them when you're littler.”

Resistance and Development of Peer Pressure

10:48 to 13:45

Insights into how resistance to peer pressure develops from ages 14 to 18.

“Everybody's going to think this is weird if I do this.”

Understanding Peer Pressure in Today's Kids

17:34 to 28:00

Discuss how peer pressure varies across generations and its impact today.

“Amy, I do look at my kids and I wonder if our kids' generation has a wider definition of acceptability than our generation did and is therefore peer pressure less.”

Peer Pressure and Historical References

28:00 to 28:50

The hosts discuss peer pressure using references from literature to illustrate their points.

“Like Giles Corey in The Crucible when they keep putting weight on his, like, he won't confess to being a witch.”

Spring Cleaning Tips

31:06 to 32:21

The hosts share humorous and practical spring cleaning tips for parents.

“And now, your guide to spring cleaning from the WhatFreshHelp podcast.”

Navigating Peer Pressure as Parents

32:21 to 34:55

Discussion on the challenges of managing children's friendships and peer influence.

“Therefore, I'm going to try to control who you're friends with, who I think is engaging in bad behavior.”

Setting Boundaries for Teenagers

34:55 to 36:50

Exploring the importance of boundaries for teenagers to resist peer pressure.

“not allowing your kids to be in high peer pressure situations when they're too young to have those boundaries for themselves.”
Show all 12 chapters

Encouraging Independence and Personal Decisions

36:50 to 42:00

The importance of fostering independence in children to prepare them for peer pressure situations.

“so the kids can walk into town after school.”

Navigating Peer Pressure with Natural Consequences

42:00 to 42:53

Learn how to let children experience natural consequences in safe environments.

“that you know the water's too deep for them.”
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Transcript

Automatic transcript. May contain errors.

0:00Margaret Ables:We're leaving today and entering a world of Mickey Mouse waving, princess meeting and greeting, lightsaber clashing, the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror dropping, Banshee flying, Space Mountain launching, galaxy rewinding, what's the whole deck with galaxy rewinding, fireworks igniting, World of Other Worlds. For whatever you love, infinite worlds await at the most magical place on Earth. Walt Disney World Resort.

0:31Amy Wilson:I mean, was I good or was I just a geek? What fresh hell. Laughing in the face of motherhood. The cool monkey says I have to.

0:42Margaret Ables:With Margaret Ables and Amy Wilson. I pay the bill, I'm checking the text. A podcast that solves today's parenting dilemmas. So you don't have to. I had a very lamentable hairstyle in junior year.

1:01Amy Wilson:Hello, everyone, and welcome to What Fresh Hell? Laughing in the face of motherhood. This is Margaret. And this is Amy. And today we are talking about peer pressure. Under pressure. I'll have that song in my head all day after having this conversation.

1:14Margaret Ables:But first, let's go to mailbag. Oh, yes. Wait a minute. Time for mailbag. Wait, wait, yeah, yeah, yeah. Check the mailbag. Amy and Margaret.

1:23Amy Wilson:This is a fun mailbag from Kim via email. She says, totally random fangirl moment. I recently decided to rewatch Felicity to relive the moments from my college years. I was folding laundry and not looking at the screen when out of nowhere, my ears perked up. And I thought to myself, is that Amy Wilson? Mind blown. Worlds colliding. What an unexpected delight. Love the podcast. That is all. I love that. Amy, who did you play on Felicity? I actually have never seen Felicity, but I will go back and watch you now that I know you're on it.

1:56Margaret Ables:I was in two episodes. I had a scene with Felicity. Tangi Miller, who is one of the actresses in the show, she was having an affair with a professor. Okay. And I had also had an affair with the same professor. It was a very 90s look at sexual harassment. You were Felicity's aide.

2:10Amy Wilson:Oh, yeah. I'm picturing you as like the guidance counselor because I'm picturing current Amy. It's because I think that show's five years old. That show is like 20 years old. Well, okay. So I want to hear something crazy. The thing about Felicity, which is fascinating. By the way, guys, this episode is no longer about peer pressure. It is about Felicity. It is a Felicity recap episode.

2:29Margaret Ables:The part that I played wasn't that interesting. I was on two episodes. But the reason that I was playing that part is fascinating. I went in for a very large part to play the girlfriend of one of the guys in the show and didn't get it. And they threw me this as like a little consolation prize. This much smaller part. The girl who did get the part of the girlfriend, Jennifer Garner. Oh, Amy. Sliding doors. Sliding doors. I think I'll take it how it worked out for me. I mean, I love Jennifer Garner, but, you know, she's had her struggles.

2:59Amy Wilson:So interesting. If you had gotten it, we would not have the What Fresh Hell podcast. So I just thank goodness for Jennifer Garner for nailing that audition, because otherwise, I would be all alone talking into a mic by myself. And you would be married to Ben Affleck or you would be divorced from Ben Affleck. Would have been. Yeah, exactly. Would be dealing with that. Correct. Sliding doors. All right. Well, Amy, I guess now that we've done our Felicity recap and imagined a world in which you turn out to be Jennifer Garner, we need to talk about peer pressure, which suddenly seems slightly less interesting.

3:35Margaret Ables:But let's give it a go. Well, yes. I wanted to start with definitions of exactly what peer pressure is. The dictionary, Merriam-Webster says, it's a feeling that one has to do the same thing as other people of one's age and social group in order to be liked or respected by them. Correct. And then Centerstone, there's somebody who actually works with adolescents with mental health and addiction struggles. They come at it from the point of view of the external force. They say peer pressure is an external force of influence on our decisions that might have an effect on our physical or mental health.

4:05Amy Wilson:I was listening yesterday to the Decoder Ring podcast, great podcast from Slate. It's the episode about fame, if you want to look it up. And they were talking about how they did all these studies with monkeys. and they would put a Starbucks label and let's say Coca-Cola label. And next to the Starbucks label, they would put a picture of a high status monkey, attractive, good monkey. And next to the Coca-Cola label, they would put a picture of a low status monkey. And then the monkeys had to press a button to get food. They got the same food, whether or not they press Starbucks or Coca-Cola, but they all pressed the Starbucks button.

4:48Amy Wilson:Yeah, because they wanted to be like the high status monkey.

4:51Margaret Ables:This stuff goes deep. I read another study preparing for this. Mice would run faster if another mouse was watching than if it wasn't. Like crazy, which is crazy stuff. This goes deep.

5:03Amy Wilson:I think it's always good to start with the biological imperative, as we love a biological imperative, because sometimes I think when we're dealing with our kids, we're like, who cares what Janie thinks? I get that her hair is shiny, but otherwise, why would you follow Janie around? That's lame and just cut it out. But we have to recognize that this stuff goes deeper than whether or not we think Janie is cool. Janie is just a high status monkey and like we are wired to follow the high status monkey.

5:32Margaret Ables:Right. Janie is a high status monkey in a system that we as mom and dad are existing outside of. It is always interesting to me, like that kid is running the pre-K cloakroom. That kid decides who's cool in high school. Like, why do these kids get power? We don't understand it because we're standing outside it.

5:48Amy Wilson:Even when listening to the podcast, they took a couple of beats before they described what makes someone a high status or a low status monkey. And I was just cracking up between how would you know which monkey is high status and low status? Right, right, right. But monkeys know and preschoolers know and fourth graders know and seventh graders definitely know.

6:07Margaret Ables:So this is a thing because as we start to individuate ourselves from our families of origin, as we do in sort of early adolescence, like tweendom, your peers start to be more important than your families. We're wired that way, right? So that the species could perpetuate. And studies have shown that most risky behavior that adolescents participate in happens in the company of peers.

6:32Amy Wilson:And I will just go back because you said starts in middle school. It's an arc. So like it really starts in maybe pre-K, kindergarten, but it's like they're tipping into their peers being most important. But my younger kids, definitely. I mean, by second grade, they're figuring out who the high status monkeys are.

6:51Margaret Ables:What's funny you say that because there's some studies we can look at here that say it sort of, you know, sets in around 10 and like sets in at 10. I mean, yes, it becomes a big factor at 10, but I'm with you that the group think and this kid is cool and this kid isn't starts pretty early. But that's exclusionary. Maybe that's different from peer pressure, different from like, I have to act like this or I have to do these things. But I feel like they're kind of hand in hand.

7:14Amy Wilson:I just think it's an arc. You're getting more and more interested in your peers every year, but it doesn't mean you don't notice them when you're littler.

7:22Margaret Ables:But what's different about this age group is that studies have shown there's this guy named Lawrence Steinberg, who kind of peer pressure is his thing. And he's proven that the presence of peers makes adolescents and youth more likely to take risks and make risky decisions, but not little kids or grownups. There's something that happens at this peak in this middle age. I think I can make sense of that in my mind. We had a guest on our show named Jess Shacken. So I'll put a link in the show notes. He wrote a book that was all about how teenagers are wired to take risks. And I think it was called Born to be Wild and that we had to sort of understand that.

8:01Margaret Ables:So why do kids take more stupid risks because of peer pressure than they would when they're by themselves? Like, why is peer pressure a thing? There was a study. I thought this was pretty interesting. 2011, USC proved that the human brain places more value in winning in a social setting than it did on winning when you were alone. So they had people sit and play the lottery, right? They were playing the lottery alone and with other people. And they showed much higher activity in the prefrontal cortex when you beat somebody who was sitting next to you playing the lottery than when you won by yourself.

8:35Margaret Ables:That tracks 100%. That absolutely makes sense. Yes. And they said this prefrontal cortex, that's the part of the brain that's responsible for coding social rank in mammals' brains. That's how the monkeys know, I guess. That's how the monkeys know. Yes. And you want to be at the top of the social ranking. And so the more you win, the higher you'll be in the social ranking. So the more risks you're going to take to keep winning, you'll become more of a risk taker as you keep winning. That's the biological imperative. That's why we take risks.

9:02Amy Wilson:There was also a fascinating part of this that they said that the monkeys who were the highest status monkeys had like stress related heart disease. Like being the highest power monkey was extremely stressful because being the high status is another arc that it will bend. Like you cannot maintain high status forever, right? Like you'll get old, you'll get weak. A younger monkey will beat you in the race. so that being a high status monkey is an incredibly high stress position. And I think that goes for middle schoolers as well, right? Like being that it's mean girls, right? Like being the queen bee takes so much work and it's so much pressure.

9:42Amy Wilson:Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown.

9:45Margaret Ables:Yeah, I was gonna say I was about to come in with as Shakespeare wrote, uneasy lies the head that wears the crown. Yes. Yeah. Yes. All right. So let's talk about what ages are most prone to this because I'm kind of with you that this starts five. You start to see like, I need to wear this shirt because it's cool now. The early studies that showed that it like peaked at age 14 and did a quick decline, they were assuming that peer pressure meant antisocial behavior, like negative peer pressure.

10:12Amy Wilson:Like peer pressure meant like I helped you graffiti the school wall.

10:16Margaret Ables:Right. Or smoking behind the school or whatever. That that's the only thing that exists as peer pressure. There's actually, there's pro-social behavior, there's positive peer pressure, and we can talk about that. But like making you do something that you really shouldn't do because you might get in trouble is one kind of peer pressure, but it's not the only kind. It's one part of a much larger thing. Like I care what my peers think about how I look and how I behave, which is 100 % of teenagers. Right.

10:39Amy Wilson:Everyone glaring at you in the restaurant when your toddler is running around is peer pressure. Yes.

10:45Margaret Ables:That's pro-social behavior. And you know, I see it in my eighth grader, this feeling that, I mean, I remember well from being that age that everybody's looking at me. Everybody will think this. Everybody's going to think this is weird if I do this. Everybody's going to think nothing. They're going to be sitting in class taking notes. You know what I'm saying? That's something little that you do. If you show up in different shoes on Tuesday, that it's going to be like, stop the presses. And who am I to say that a kid that age is wrong for thinking that? We do, adolescents at that age, do create drama out of absolutely nothing.

11:17Amy Wilson:Is it true? I'm just thinking out loud that the range of acceptable behavior is much narrower at this age. As an adult, the range of acceptable behaviors is fairly wide. But at a fine dining restaurant, right, the range of acceptable behavior is very narrow. I wonder if there's something about like in middle school, the range, I mean, in my middle school, the range of acceptable behavior was like wearing one of literally three outfits that like was predetermined by I don't know who, oversized Benetton rugby, skinny jeans, like that was the only acceptable. And those Adidas shoes, Stan Smith's with the green stripes on them.

11:59Amy Wilson:Oh, really? Yeah. Those didn't make, I mean, I like those now. I didn't know about those back in high school. They were huge when I was younger. So yeah, I think maybe that there's the definitions of acceptable are extremely limited at these ages.

12:13Margaret Ables:But that peer pressure is, it's not just negative stuff. Like you or I, we've talked about ourselves in high school. Neither one of us would have been graffitiing the high school. Correct. But that doesn't mean that you and I weren't susceptible to peer pressure. We totally were. It's just, it's a much wider definition. Yeah.

12:30Amy Wilson:I think for maybe me, I don't know if this is true enough for you. I never smoked or did drugs in high school because nobody offered me. Like I was not at a party. Like nobody invited me anywhere where there would have been anything cool happening. And so I was to some degree, I was free of peers, thus free of peer pressure. That's how I rolled in high school.

12:51Margaret Ables:Right. Well, Temple University did a study where they separated this out, right? They separated out susceptibility to peer pressure from willingness to engage in antisocial behavior. So they talk to good girls like us, not just like, have you ever smoked? Are you susceptible to peer pressure?

13:06Amy Wilson:It's like, I mean, was I good or was I just a geek?

13:10Margaret Ables:It's hard to say. But you would keep going. Right. And they showed that resistance to peer influences starts to set in around age 14, that peer influences are at their peak around them. but so your ability to resist them starts to also set in around age 14, like 14 to 18 is the greatest growth in being able to stand up for yourself and resist peer pressure. We almost don't have the ability to do that before age 14. We are a lot better at that by 18. And then it kind of stays the same. It doesn't like continue to get better. It's something that we learned to do between 14 and 18, this study argued, which I thought was pretty interesting.

13:50Amy Wilson:I have a question for you about peer pressure that I want to pose after this break. Hellions, if you're like me, you have a phone that is full of some adorable pictures of your family, but also pictures of recipe that past you thought they were going to make someday and pictures of your parking spot so you can find your car. You want just your good photos, but who has the time to organize that?

14:12Margaret Ables:Journey Print. It designs a beautiful and organized photo album for you in minutes. Journey's smart algorithm organizes photos automatically by date, and you drag and drop for quick and easy editing, and you can choose from lots of customizable themes to tell the story of your vacation, your year, or your kids' accomplishments.

Read the full transcript

14:30Amy Wilson:I just made my first Journey print book, and I cannot tell you how easy it is. I did a look back at 2025 pictures, just grabbed all of the good ones, threw them in the app, and as Amy would say, bada-bing, bada-boom, I had a beautiful retrospective of my year. in book form. The Journey Print app made it so easy. I have a fantastic looking book, and I sent a copy to both grandparents, winning.

14:56Margaret Ables:Go to journeyapp.com slash podcast slash fresh and use the code fresh to get 30 % off your next purchase.

15:03Amy Wilson:Going to spell it, that's J-O-U-R-N-I app.com slash podcast slash fresh and use code fresh at checkout.

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16:51Margaret Ables:I apply the anti-aging body balm right before bed. I've been doing it for about a month. that makes my skin feel silky soft. It's really great. And I have to say, my skin definitely looks and feels smoother and more hydrated. Get a spring-worthy glow

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17:21Margaret Ables:That's 10 % off your first order with code FRESH at, I'm going to spell it O-S-E-A-M-A-L-I-B-U. OseaMalibu.com.

17:34Amy Wilson:Okay, we're back. Amy, I do look at my kids and I wonder if our kids' generation has a wider definition of acceptability than our generation did and is therefore peer pressure less.

17:48Margaret Ables:I think so. I'm sure you've seen that viral video of a Florida high school having an anti-don't-say-gay rally after school. Have you seen this? The entire high school is outside saying, we say gay, we say gay, including the jocks that you're like, don't you push kids in lockers? Maybe they don't anymore. I saw that, and it gave me hope for the future. And I think that there probably is a wider range of acceptability, but there's still vaping and alcohol and stuff like that that kids do feel pressured to take part in.

18:16Amy Wilson:Yeah, I think maybe this might fall in the category of every generation thinks like, oh, this is really different now. And it can't be different. Like if the monkeys like the high status monkey best, this will ever be. And there's also an element of this that emerges really clearly. I see it with my kids, that they're starting as teenagers to start dealing with, we're not friends with him. Or there's like a game where the kids, they have screen names. And now they add a certain signifier to the screen names to indicate that they are part of this gaming group, right? Which seems kind of fun. Like it's like on Peloton or whatever.

18:58Amy Wilson:Oh, I'm part of the Rider Peeps or whatever group you're part of. It's a fun idea. But almost immediately it becomes you're not allowed to use that signifier. You're not really in our group. you're going to be stripped of your signifier because you're out or we're going to change the signifier without telling so-and-so because it really is a war about like who's controlling

19:21Margaret Ables:who's in and who's out. That's rough and I remember feeling pressure I mean like sort of bullying and exclusion is not the same as peer pressure but they are related because I remember being in eighth grade and feeling the pressure to like we gotta lose this kid like gotta lose the dead weight. Throw her overboard. Then we'll be cool. And I was like, hmm, it's not very nice, but I do need to get ahead.

19:43Amy Wilson:But I'm sorry. I got to leave you behind on the road because my only chance of survival. Right. The cool monkey says I have to. It's the old joke where the guy puts on tennis shoes when they see a bear and he's like, you can't outrun a bear. And the guy turns to him and says, I only have to outrun you. And it's like, that's it. Like, that's the social hierarchy. I got to leave you behind, Florence. I'm sorry. But like, this is my one shot at the big time. Like I get that we've been friends since preschool, but you got a weird haircut and now I've got to cut you loose because I'm clinging to the lifeboat of popularity with all I have.

20:15Margaret Ables:Going back to what you said about, is it different now than it used to be? I thought this was pretty interesting. The things that we think kids feel pressured about, we might be getting a little bit wrong. Okay. So there was a study in 2019 Pew Research Center. So 2019 pre-pandemic. So the pressures of the pandemic are not listed on here as the things that they feel pressured about. But the top peer pressure the kids said they felt was academics. The academic pressure, the pressure to get good grades and to do as well as your peers and get ahead was the number one thing that they reported feeling pressure about.

20:48Amy Wilson:That seems strange to me. It's also like, who are you studying? There's a lot of factors in that study.

20:54Margaret Ables:Well, it's an external force of influence on your decisions that might have an effect on your physical or mental health.

20:59Amy Wilson:It is. But I think a lot of that pressure is societal, where you live, your parents. Like, I think there's a lot that goes into academic pressure.

21:08Margaret Ables:But this was a pretty wide ranging. You know, I knew that you were going to be like, I don't know about that. Gimlet, I, Margaret is going to be like, I don't know. But this one they did like they were very thorough. I'll put the link in the show notes to look at like different socioeconomic groups and different race and things. So they did look at that. Something that was interesting is that girls versus boys, that girls are more likely to feel peer pressure. That a third of girls said they faced a lot of pressure to look good, and only 23 % of boys said they did.

21:36Amy Wilson:Yeah. That's not surprising. I definitely, that tracks for me. Yeah.

21:41Margaret Ables:My son at an all-boys high school can pretty much just, there's no reason to run a comb through your hair. Just go. No.

21:47Amy Wilson:I have to pressure my teens on basic hygiene. Like, they're definitely not feeling the pressure to like do a full blow dry in the morning and put Flawless eyelashes on. I'm like, you actually smell repellent.

22:00Margaret Ables:Like, please do something about it. So girls care about that more than boys. Yeah. Fitting in socially is something they feel pressure about, which I think it's interesting because we're like, you do all these things to fit in socially. But right. Fitting in socially is what you feel the pressure about. It isn't like I feel pressured to smoke. It's like, no, I feel pressured to fit in. And so whatever your peer group is doing.

22:19Amy Wilson:To me, that as I remember my childhood, fitting in socially was like 98 % of the pressure I felt. Right. Looking good, I felt maybe was not in my wheelhouse, but I still felt pressure to do. Like, I didn't think it was achievable to look like the girls I went to high school with. Those and then academic pressure. I associate that with my family academic pressure. I don't associate my peers with putting academic pressure on me, but maybe I misremember it.

22:46Margaret Ables:Well, the college, you know, getting into college and getting into a good college and, you know, that rat race has gotten significantly upped. And then being good at sports. About 20 % said that they feel pressure to be good at sports. I felt pressured whenever sports were involved because I was terrible at them, but I didn't feel pressure to be good at sports.

23:06Amy Wilson:Fitting in. So it's a web, right? Like all of these things are part of a constellation of things that they're not really counting the word popular here. Because like sports in my kids school, in my school, in every school I've ever known, the sports see kids are the most popular, right? The best looking kids are the most popular, the kids who look the best. And then often the kids who are academically achieving. I think of a lot of peer pressure around status monkey stuff. Like, are you the high status monkey in your middle school? Yes. And I also think with boys, the differential between looking good is less than girls because girls appearance is so much more malleable.

23:51Amy Wilson:Right. Like, right. To look good as a girl, like you dye your hair, you wear makeup, you wear really fashionable clothes to look good as a boy. You have a handsome face or not, basically. And like you're in good shape or not. Right. You know, there's not as many variables in how you look good as a boy.

24:05Margaret Ables:Right. And I suppose that, you know, that's changing as kids play with gender and who's allowed to wear makeup or grow their hair out or whatever. But you're right. Boys, like I'm big or I'm not like I wish I was taller. Right. And a girl is like, yeah, she can always try one more hairstyle and attempt to be. I had a very lamentable hairstyle in junior year.

24:23Amy Wilson:Oh, you have to try to find that picture of you and put it up online. It's your prom picture, isn't it? I'm not sure there were too many. Well, my

24:29Margaret Ables:prom hair was terrible. I had, you know, like late 80s hair. So it was terrible. But I didn't know that it was terrible, except for this one style that even like when I had it, I think was pretty terrible.

24:40Amy Wilson:I famously did the brought a picture of a gorgeous model from a magazine with a really short curly hairdo. And I got a short hair perm and I look like Tina Fey in the throwbacks from 30 Rock. Like picture a short permed haircut on like a 14 year old girl. So many perms. I looked like I was a Saturn and I live sketch of an old lady. Like that's the hairdo that I had.

25:05Margaret Ables:So I have some good news though, underneath all of this, because we would assume going in, we have a lot of listeners with young kids that clearly the problem with peer pressure is drugs and alcohol, vaping and smoking. Like that's why it's a problem. Bad behavior. Sure. Yes. So in this study in 2019, half of teens said, yes, drug addiction and alcohol consumption is a problem for kids. And clearly it is a problem for a lot of kids, but only one in 10 said they felt peer pressure. 4 % said they felt pressure to use drugs. 6 % said they felt pressure to drink alcohol. These are way lower than what one might think.

25:42Margaret Ables:Our kids in high school aren't being offered joints all day, every day. And it's this like great difficulty of their lives. How do they fend off this peer pressure? They see it around them. They don't necessarily feel pressured to participate, according to this study.

25:55Amy Wilson:I don't know what to make of that, which is a good thing. It's interesting. Yeah, yeah. I mean, certainly, as I've mentioned, not a problem for me. I was talking to one of my kids yesterday about health class, and I was like, oh, are they talking about, you know, sex and puberty? And he's like, no, it's mostly making posters about different types of drugs and why you shouldn't do them. I was like, I'm not sure that's educationally sound. Like that, just cutting out pictures of meth and putting them on a poster board and writing

26:25Margaret Ables:like don't next to it. I'm not sure if that's the way to go. Jess Leahy wrote The Addiction Inoculation. She's a friend of ours. It's a great book if this is something that's interesting to you. And we have a fresh take with her that you can go back and listen to. Yeah, it's actually not on that book, but it's a great book. So I took a look at what Jess had to say about peer pressure and alcohol and drug use. studies show that the number one factor in a kid using drug and alcohol is having peers who do it like if your friends do it you're more likely to do it which is i guess different from the pressure thing if they're not feeling pressured maybe they're not feeling pressured you smoke because your friend smokes you drink beer because your friend drinks beer but jess you'll love this because she flips the study in its head she says yes it's true the kids are more likely to use substances if they hang around with other kids that use substances.

27:15Margaret Ables:But it's also possible that kids who are more likely to use substances find other kids who are like that in the first place.

27:23Amy Wilson:Yeah. Go Jess Leahy, because that's exactly what I was going to say. It's not necessarily cause. It's correlation.

27:30Margaret Ables:Right. And she talks in the book about how, you know, when your kids say you have a kid who is getting in trouble and you're dealing with it as you should as a parent, it's sort of comforting as a parent to be like, well, if only, if only you'd never met that kid Bryce, you know, like it's Bryce's fault that you did this, you know, got arrested, whatever it is. Poor Bryce. But your kid wanted to be friends with Bryce, right? Exactly. It isn't necessarily Bryce's fault, but it's a natural instinct for us to be like, our kids would have been fine if it wasn't from this insane amount of peer pressure that finally, you know, cracked them.

28:03Margaret Ables:Like Giles Corey in The Crucible when they keep putting weight on his, like, he won't confess to being a witch.

28:09Amy Wilson:That's a deep cut, Amy. Not everyone out there is like, oh yeah, Giles Corey from The Crucible.

28:14Margaret Ables:And they kept putting more weight on him because they wanted him to confess. And it was like, more weight. And they keep putting more stones on him until he is crushed to death. So Bryce is doing that to your kid.

28:24Amy Wilson:I mean, I think you need to update your references, Amy. I love you, but like, find a Marvel movie where something like this happens. Come on, The Crucible.

28:31Margaret Ables:Then and now, if we're talking about high school, who doesn't read The Crucible in high school. That's true. You're still reading The Crucible. Right? So anyway, I thought that was pretty interesting that it's possible for your kid to avoid this stuff, but the friends they are choosing, there might be some agency in that more than we think. I think we should move to some solutions in how we can help kids resist peer pressure. Amy, let's do that after the break.

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31:13Amy Wilson:And now, your guide to spring cleaning from the WhatFreshHelp podcast. take a Saturday morning and put all the coats, mittens, and boots carefully away into storage.

31:26Margaret Ables:Then on Monday, there will be an unexpected cold snap and you will take it all out again. You'll do this like four times. Consider it your exercise for the month. Don't forget to clean up under the couch cushions. You'll mostly find half-eaten snacks, but there is also a chance you'll find the TV remote that's been missing since October. Change up your bed linens for the new season. Except for the ones on the top bunk, that one never gets changed. They just stay there until the kids head off to college. Call your wardrobe. Get rid of those tired items. And by items, we mean yoga pants. And pick out some bold new pieces.

32:01Margaret Ables:And by pieces, we mean yoga pants. Clean out the fridge. Seriously, you need to clean out the fridge. There's a peach in there from like 16 months ago. This has been your guide to spring cleaning. From the What Fresh Health Podcast.

32:20Amy Wilson:I do think there's a bit of a dilemma for parents here in terms of like, I don't want you exposed to peer pressure. Therefore, I'm going to try to control who you're friends with, who I think is engaging in bad behavior. And I think that can be a really tough call in a million different ways. A, you're sometimes judging it wrong. You know, I felt sometimes, especially in high school, that the bad kids were like the misfit kids and that some of the really popular kids were actually up to a lot more shenanigans. Yes, the kind of peer pressure, drinking, smoking, drug use, your kids are more susceptible to if they're around kids engaging in that behavior.

33:04Amy Wilson:But A, it's hard to know who's doing that. And B, it's a little tricky to be like, I don't want you to be friends with those kids. they're bad.

33:13Margaret Ables:Jess Leahy says that what we need to do is to equip our kids with the skills they need to stay safe and healthy no matter who they hang out with. I like that. Yeah, because I mean, I'm thinking back, like, did I just get lucky? Did I just not have, you know, friends and neighbors who are taking part in risky behaviors? I mean, I think I was kind of a good girl and I would have sought out the other well-behaved, high-achieving students anyway, but I'm not sure. Karen Hasselman, and she's a school-based therapist. She says that peer pressure is just about boundaries, that it's just setting boundaries for kids, and that they find it even harder to set boundaries than we do as adults because they want people to like them, right?

33:55Margaret Ables:Like, I think that's what's different about adolescents and adults. Do you like me? Do you think I'm weird, like worried about what other people think? That's at its peak at this age.

34:02Amy Wilson:And I have said this before, and I will say it again, because it is the one thing that I really believe is true. Not the one thing. I can't get pizza from a Chinese restaurant. You'd be much happier if you knew how little other people thought of you. I got a million of them, guys. But this one is important. My parents did be the great gift in high school of setting really firm boundaries for my behavior. Because I've said before, the one time I went to a high school party, I ended up like illegally driving a bunch of lacrosse players around because they asked me to. I didn't have a license. Like it was so outside of my character.

34:35Amy Wilson:I didn't have a character. I was like a mush ball, goofy loser who the second a lacrosse boy asked me to do something, I was like, OK. I mean, I had no sense of self. I think in general, it is best to keep your kids close while they are young and set really firm boundaries. Yeah. I just think that unless your kid has a really strong character, being out in the woods with a bunch of drunken teenagers when they're 15 and 16 years old, I can't see the upside of it. not allowing your kids to be in high peer pressure situations when they're too young to have those boundaries for themselves. Listen, some people will argue, and I've heard this before, right?

35:17Amy Wilson:If you're like crazy, like your curfew is 9pm and you can never go anywhere, your kid's going to sneak out. You have to find a balance here. But I think it's really important to hold off. By the time I was in college, I was a lot more ready to be like, yeah, I don't do that actually, but thanks.

35:30Margaret Ables:Yeah. Well, 14 is different than 15. 15 is different from 18. You know, I have a 14, 17 and 19 year old right now. And a teenager isn't a teenager, right? I'm trying to say there's like six stages. And you can say, I have said to my 14 year old, like, you were too young for that. 14 year olds don't do that. 14 year olds aren't ready to do that. I've said that to more than one of my kids when they were 14. And that's just true. And then once they get older, Jess Leahy's book is actually full of, you know, she's talking about more like high school aged that sort of clamping down and like, you may not do this.

36:03Margaret Ables:You have to stay home all the time. It does get harder as they get older. But what's impossible to ask of them is that in these situations, they say, you know, I don't believe in that. I just say no to drugs and alcohol. Like to try to give them that is not going to work. They're not going to do that because what their peers think of them is more important than what their parents think of them. Their prefrontal cortex isn't formed yet. So if the lacrosse boy thinks you're cool, you've won the next 60 seconds. And that's all you're thinking about. That's all you care about. You're not thinking about what's going to happen when you crash your mom's car and you don't have a license.

36:33Amy Wilson:One thing that I do think helps with this, and this is unavoidable. Like my parents did a lot of right things and I was still driving the lacrosse boys around with no license on the one night I went out. I mean, it's hard. You're not going to get this 100 % right. It's a slippery slope. But I think it's also very important to put a very fine point on this. So in our town, we have a little walking town. so the kids can walk into town after school. And one thing I always say is you can walk into town with your friends. They start pretty young, like 10 years old. You know, I give them some money, but you better be following these six rules.

37:05Amy Wilson:You're not allowed to walk with your phone on. You're not allowed to be rude to anybody in town. If you go to the pizza place, you're not allowed to disturb other people's meals by being foolish. Sometimes I'm out and about, happenstance-ly, and sometimes I do a pop-in inspection and I pretend I was out and about. I saw one of my kids walking across the street, looking at their phone, pulled over, get in the car. We're going home. You're not allowed to do that. And you're not going into town for five weeks or whatever. I think you can really be clear about your expectations. You can go to this party, but I'm going to find out if there are parents there.

37:36Amy Wilson:And guess what? Your teen is going to scream and yell at you and act like you're the worst person alive. But bring it, kid. I'm going to find out if there's a parent there. I'm not sending you to a party where there's no parents around. I'm not doing it. So hate me if you want, I guess. But also, I mean, where I live, it's like, I got to drive you there. So it's up to me whether or not you're really going. But I think you can loosen those restrictions as they get older. My kids sometimes will say to me, there's a part of our house where there's a window that I can look into and see what's going on in the living room.

38:07Amy Wilson:And my kids have yet to figure this out. And they're like, you know, old now. But I will occasionally be like, I told you not to eat in the living room. And I'm in the kitchen. And they don't understand that I can see them through this weird little reflection. And they just think that I'm all powerful. And like, I'm keeping that going for as long as possible.

38:24Margaret Ables:Yeah. It's actually a good thing for kids. The stuff that Jess Leahy suggests that we arm our teenagers with is less, you can do it. You don't need them as friends. Like none of that is useful. But to say, you can say, throw me under the bus all you want. My mom is crazy. And she'll ground me for like a year if she knew I was doing that. So I can't. Or, you know, I'm allergic to alcohol. Like the things she suggests arming kids with are these sort of get out of jail free cards that are a lot of sort of blaming the parent. My mom won't let me or I actually have to be home in half an hour. And your kid needs to be able to get out of this situation without asking them to do something that is very, very hard for them to do in a time when seeking their peers approval.

39:06Amy Wilson:That is impossible. Right. Yeah. Yeah. And I think you start that early. Like I know with my kids' phones, I always say to them, you better tell every, you know, creepy little friend of yours that I read all of your texts. And if I see something that comes in on text that I don't like, I will jump on that text thread. And I know some of their friends give them a hard time about it. Like, you're too old to have your mom checking your texts. I pay the bill. I'm checking the texts, you know? Yeah. No, they're not too old. Yeah. You don't have privacy on a phone that I pay for. I'm not trying to find out who you like, but if I see nonsense going on in the text thread and listen it changes the teenage boys they text a lot of like bodily function jokes and kind of sex adjacent stuff fine I'll roll my eyes and be like real mature goofballs but if it's beyond that the friends know and it's fine like I'm the bad guy y 'all can talk about how annoying I am but it does give my kid an out for not being able to deal or get out of a text, right?

40:07Amy Wilson:Because the other thing I tell my kids all the time is like, these things last. You don't wanna have texts on your phone that are inappropriate. You don't wanna have texts on your phone that are offensive or anything else because you don't know who's gonna see that. And then you're in that situation. You don't wanna be the kid in the woods where something bad happens. We just had an incident at a local school where it was clearly a giant group thing and it's incredibly ugly and stupid. And I bet a lot of those kids were pretty peripheral to it, but they didn't stop and say this can't happen.

40:39Margaret Ables:The other thing that I think is important to think about when you're sort of thinking like what works and how am I going to create a kid who has a little more Teflon about this stuff is to give them independence when you can. I'm not saying like, I will never read your texts, but letting them make their own decisions, letting them have independence, letting them express their individuality. Like we should lean into that stuff because that is actually going to give them greater, earlier resistance to peer pressure. I want to go back to this Lawrence Steinberg who studies peer pressure. He suggests that this is when it kind of ends, that he says the peer influence is a developmental phenomenon that's bounded by individuation from parents at its onset, right?

41:18Margaret Ables:So they're starting to worry about their peers more than us. That's when it starts. And when you've developed a sense of identity, that's when that over-reliance on what your peers think comes to an end. And you can't like rush it. Every 16-year-old is going to wonder what their peers are thinking. But you can create a kid that has their own head on their shoulders by rewarding opportunities for them to do so, by rewarding them when they do do so. And that makes sense to me. That's something that's positive besides, here's five things to say when somebody hands you a solo cup. You know, I think that's one approach, right?

41:46Margaret Ables:And the other approach is just to reward our kids for thinking for themselves. and taking steps towards individuality.

41:52Amy Wilson:That's right. And I do want to emphasize that because what I'm saying about boundaries, it doesn't mean you like lock them in their room until they're 18. You try to keep them out of situations that you know the water's too deep for them. They're really in over their heads, but you let them walk into town. One example I use all the time is at the town pool, I never discipline my kids. I let the other parents or the lifeguards discipline them. So if they're splashing and another mom's like, you guys cut it out, that's a learning. for them that doesn't come from me. And sometimes they'll come down and be like, another mom yelled at us because we were roughhousing around her baby.

42:24Amy Wilson:I'm like, good. That's what happens. Like, you can't act the fool at the playground. Natural consequences. Yeah. Yeah. So it's not about locking them away. It's about letting them in water that is safe for them, that is just deep enough for them, you know, and not throwing them in the super deep end of like they're in a bonfire in the woods with a bunch of other teenagers when they're too young for that. Well said. Well, I I think as usual, we've solved it. Solved it, guys. No more problems with peer pressure. Just cross it off your list. We're all set. This one really did it for you. Friends, we're going to peer pressure you now.

42:57Amy Wilson:Your What Fresh Hell podcast hosts want you to check out our podcast, Toddler Purgatory. Toddler Purgatory is all of the fun and laughs and fun of What Fresh Hell, but it's all for kids under six. Join hosts, Blair and Molly, as they explore all the topics.

43:14Margaret Ables:Not peer pressure because their kids are blissfully too young for peer pressure. Kind of, I hope. Yeah. Right? They've got other problems. Yeah, I think they are. Believe me, they've got a lot of other problems.

43:24Amy Wilson:Don't worry about that. It's all little kid problems over at Toddler Purgatory. Find Toddler Purgatory wherever you listen to podcasts or go to toddlerpurgatory.com to check out all of their episodes. Thanks, guys. We'll talk to you next week. Thanks for listening. Bye.

From the publisher

When we imagine peer pressure, we imagine coming to the rescue by slapping drugs and alcohol out of our kids' hands after their friends undoubtedly tell them they should definitely try some. But peer pressure--who feels it, why, and exactly WHAT kids are being pressured to do--is a complex issue.

In this episode, Amy and Margaret discuss:

The biological imperative adolescents have to take risks in front of their peers

What kids report actually feeling peer pressured to do- the answers aren't what expected

How to actually prepare our kids to counter the peer pressure they face

This episode was originally released on April 13, 2022.

Here are links to past episodes with similar topics:

⁠"When Other Kids Are Bad Influences"⁠

⁠"What Is Up With Teenagers?"⁠

Here are links to resources mentioned in this episode:

Juliana Menasce Horowitz and Nikki Graf for the Pew Research Center: ⁠"Most U.S. Teens See Anxiety and Depression as a Major Problem Among Their Peers"⁠

Centerstone.org: "⁠What is Peer Pressure and Who is at Risk?⁠"

Science Daily: ⁠"Peer pressure? It's hardwired into our brains, study finds"⁠

⁠Laurence Steinberg⁠ and ⁠Kathryn C. Monahan⁠: ⁠Age Differences in Resistance to Peer Influence⁠

Jess Shatkin, ⁠Born to Be Wild: Why Teens Take Risks, and How We Can Help Keep Them Safe⁠

Jessica Lahey, ⁠The Addiction Inoculation: Raising Healthy Kids in a Culture of Dependence⁠

Sign up for What Fresh Hell Plus on Supporting Cast to get all episodes ad-free, plus monthly bonus episodes. Supporting Cast works right where you already listen! Go to whatfreshhell.supportingcast.fm to subscribe in two taps for just $4.99 a month, or $39.99 a year.

What Fresh Hell is co-hosted by Amy Wilson and Margaret Ables.

We love the sponsors that make this show possible! You can always find all the special deals and codes for all our current sponsors on our website:

⁠⁠⁠https://www.whatfreshhellpodcast.com/p/promo-codes/

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