Securing tomorrow’s git forge, so we can reimagine everything else | Entire's Thomas Dohmke & Apiiro's Idan Plotnik

22 Sep 2026 · 55 min · 18 chapters

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In short

Building a “GitForge of the future” for agentic software development, where agent session logs and security context are stored and used in real time to prevent vulnerabilities and compliance violations as code throughput increases.

Guests

  • Thomas Dohmke: CEO of Entire; former CEO of GitHub. Focus on GitForge tooling, agentic development lifecycle, and storing agent session logs alongside code.
  • Idan Plotnik: Co-founder/CEO of Apiiro; works on agentic AppSec. Claims Apiiro shipped a “Guardian” agent plus a software supply chain control center for proactive security for dev teams and agents.

Key claims

  • Agentic coding shifts review/security bottlenecks downstream; teams can’t keep up with vulnerabilities and “runaway” agent outputs.
  • Security must move further left into the agent via context injection (pre-prompt/pre-commit hooks).
  • Entire stores agent session logs in the repo (“code = how, logs = why/intent”) so sessions can be resumed and analyzed.

Notable examples

  • Mythos/Cyber Model scanning increases vulnerability counts; JP Morgan “Patchmageddon” claims zero-day discovery outpaces patching.
  • Apiiro: claims ~81% prevention of vulnerabilities/compliance issues; autofix merges low/medium issues automatically; cost example: complex autofix $6.1 vs $0.2 with data fabric.
  • Guardian Protect MVP closed; CFO ROI framed via triage/fix time and prevented vulnerabilities.

Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.

Chapters

Tap a time to open that second in VO

The Transformation of Software Development

0:45 to 2:05

Exploration of the shifting landscape of software shipping and security.

“And Apiro injects security contacts into the prompt before an agent writes a line.”

Challenges of the Agentic Development Lifecycle

2:05 to 6:15

Discussion on the early stages of transformation and the challenges faced by teams.

“In one corner, we have Thomas Domke, the CEO of Entire, the GitForge of the future, which I've brought up a number of times on our show here.”

The Role of Context in Security

6:15 to 11:45

Insights on the importance of context for coding agents and security measures.

“On the other hand, we have another storm, which is called the Mythos storm, where all of our customers, regardless, I literally spent three days on the road meeting customers.”

Storing and Utilizing Agent Logs

11:45 to 14:03

The significance of storing agent logs alongside code for better security.

“That requires a lot of work, a lot of tooling, but then also having it just in time, putting it in the agent's hand when it's needed at the right level of context.”

The Importance of Session Logs in Development

14:03 to 17:01

Learn how storing session logs alongside code can enhance development processes.

“And one of our thesis at Entire is that, okay, so if that's the work product, if that's the thing of writing every day, similar to documents and Slack conversations and so on, then we should also store those logs.”

The Evolution of Coding Agents

17:01 to 18:54

Discover how coding agents are transforming the way we work and interact with code.

“And I've actually won running here on my other Mac.”

Challenges in Agent Coordination

18:54 to 21:02

Understand the complexities arising from multiple coding agents working on a codebase.

“And if you come back here in two or three years, maybe even just in one year, the way we're working will be very different.”

The Future of Coding Roles and Skills

21:02 to 25:56

Explore how the roles of developers and managers are evolving with coding agents.

“Yeah, there's a really interesting kind of paradox happening here where you need to have everything so you can slice it down to exactly what you need.”

Redefining the Software Development Lifecycle

25:56 to 28:00

Learn how the software development lifecycle is changing with new technologies.

“Same for product managers and designers.”

The Future of Code Development

28:00 to 29:42

Explore the evolving nature of software development cycles and the importance of context in coding.

“Everybody can produce an artifact within the company that lives in the same space and ultimately results in code.”
Show all 18 chapters

Security Challenges in Modern Development

29:42 to 32:00

Discuss the shift in security vulnerabilities and the need for integrated security in coding practices.

“And I want to take exactly what Thomas said to the security world.”

Redefining Developer Responsibilities

32:00 to 34:49

Examine changes in engineer roles and the implications of agent-driven coding on ownership and responsibilities.

“Like, Idaan is begging y 'all listeners to put the security requirements, the security vulnerability, like the things about security into the spec.”

The Role of AI in Code Management

34:49 to 42:04

Analyze how AI tools are transforming code management and the importance of ownership in the coding process.

“because now I can do a lot of things on the side without figuring out how to install Python 3 and Pygame and all the dependencies and all the challenges that we had before when we had side projects.”

The Importance of Code Ownership in Software Development

42:04 to 44:48

Learn why having a business owner for pull requests is crucial in development.

“percent because the coding agents are actually adding more and more and more and no one actually saying, hey, do we need this API or not?”

Strategies for Proving ROI on AI Tools

44:48 to 45:52

Understand how engineering leaders can demonstrate the value of AI tools to CFOs.

“But there's one last thing I wanted to ask y 'all.”

Quantifying Vulnerability Management Costs

45:52 to 48:28

Explore how to calculate the cost savings from effective vulnerability management.

“You calculate that, and you get to, on average, $78 for vulnerability.”

Prioritizing Development Tasks for Future Revenue

48:28 to 52:06

Learn how to prioritize development work to align with business goals and future revenue.

“You get the kind of like way the costs on both what it's going to save you by like, oh, I spotted this so early, but then also just how efficient the process is.”

Navigating New Challenges in Software Development

52:06 to 53:36

Discuss the evolving landscape of software development and its impact on future jobs.

“And the main quest, you have to then ultimately measure against the future revenue goals that you're predicting.”
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Transcript

Automatic transcript. May contain errors.

0:02Welcome back to Dev Interrupted, brought to you by Linear B. My guests today are Thomas Dohmke, the CEO of Entire, and Idan Plotnik, the co-founder and CEO of AppHero. Today we're talking about the new GitForge and what's required to make it successful. It's born from the ashes of how we shipped software before agents. Now writing code is cheap, and the cost is moved downstream into review queues, security backlogs, and pull requests that sit with nobody to chase them. And the messy, critical artifacts that agents make along the way? Well, they need a safe and secure home too. Entire is rebuilding the GitForge so your agent session's logs live alongside your code.

0:46And Apiro injects security contacts into the prompt before an agent writes a line. That's because the software factory of tomorrow relies on context being available just in time and just where it's needed. So learn how to ship like engineers in the future in this interview with Thomas and Idon. I'm really stoked because today on Dev Interrupted, we're talking about something that you can't deny, a transformation that's happening within the SDLC. And frankly, we talk about it constantly here on the show. I won't shut up about it. And if you're a frequent listener, then you know how much one of the things I opine about is the modern Git forge and the way that software is shipped and secured and understood and just the way that our software is consumed.

1:31And honestly, building something faster and safer are two goals that you can't compromise in today's market. And, you know, we've given quite a bit of attention to the mechanisms and mindsets that allow teams to change into this new way of working around both shipping and a Git forge, but then also having hardened real-time defenses as you build software. So needless today, I'm stoked for today's chat because joining us today are two titans of the industry on exactly these topics. Yes, we have a dev-interrupted science fiction double feature in store for you today. In one corner, we have Thomas Domke, the CEO of Entire, the GitForge of the future, which I've brought up a number of times on our show here.

2:18As the former CEO of GitHub, Domkey has a unique vantage on where this technology needs to go to meet the challenges of modern agentic development as a team sport. And joining him is Idan Plotnik, the CEO and co-founder of Apiro. And Idan's team is at the forefront of agentic AppSec, having recently shipped their own Guardian agent alongside a full software supply chain control center to enforce proactive cybersecurity for dev teams and their agents. So Thomas and Idan, welcome to Dev Interrupted. Hey, thanks for having us. Thank you very much. What an opening. And I would just say that there is no such thing as DLC anymore.

3:02It's ADLC, Agentic Development Lifecycle. Everything is agentic across, I think, any company in the world. Absolutely. And then we're going to be talking about how you change that S into an A and why every other acronym that we're working with these days is getting changed and morphed by all of this technology. And I want to start by, you know, maybe throwing this first question at you, Thomas, about some of the writings that you've had about the technology in the industry and how it's moving from engineering as a craft to a more assembly line model. And I'm wondering, you know, where do you think the industry sits right now in this transformation in time?

3:41I think it's still very early days and what it feels like forever ago that SharedGP launched and we started playing with GPT-3 and then GPT-4. I believe we're still very early in this transformation and we're all trying to figure it out quite literally by prompting agents, seeing them run. Sometimes they're getting overconfident and let it run for hours or even days on end. And then it's Monday and we're scratching our heads of what it actually produced and how much token got wasted. So I think it's early days, especially in software development and coding, the world has changed dramatically in multiple phases.

4:24We went from auto-completion in 2021 to chat in 2023. And then clearly 2025 was the year of agents with Cloud Code and Codex and Kersen, of course, Copilot Agent. and now we're in the middle of 2026 and we have all these agents writing all the code and now we're asking ourselves the question, how do we review all this? Or do we even review all this? How do we ship this with confidence? And maybe we need to slow down a little bit here and there as well. Yeah, I think slowing down and evaluating and understanding the code that we're shipping is a challenge that we're all grappling with. We have this sudden increase in throughput.

5:00Everyone's battling these new bottlenecks, especially around review. There's even bottlenecks around ideation, like the idea of the backlog evaporating. There's so many interesting phenomenon happening for teams. And Thomas, you noticed that you noted that we're pretty early in this transformation. But at the same time, you know, you're talking about an environment where agents are shipping code four times faster, but having been recorded as shipping 10 times the amount of vulnerabilities. So we're talking not only about an increased throughput in the code and the supposed impact that we're having for the downstream consumers, but also on the surface area and on the threats.

5:38And now we're even further abstracted from finding them. So where do teams tip the balance between productivity and risk? What do you see work? Yeah, so first, I don't think that we can ever stop the train or it's already gone, okay? So we cannot slow down anything, at least in the Fortune 500 companies that we serve. I would call it the perfect storm. The perfect storm has, on one hand, every company adopted the coding agents and developers doesn't write, review, test, or deploy the code. The agents are doing it. On the other hand, we have another storm, which is called the Mythos storm, where all of our customers, regardless, I literally spent three days on the road meeting customers.

6:30They all scanned their code bases with Mythos or Cyber Model from OpenAI while they're doing black box testing. And then what happened? You are bombarded with more vulnerabilities that you didn't know about. And then everything collapsed. Like the CISO and the CIO knows or the aha moment happens when they say, hey, my AppSec team, we're not growing the AppSec team. We're not bringing more people. But now I have 10x more vulnerabilities from Mythos, from scanning the code, from scanning, running black box testing. What do I do? And the last thing that I would say, and I will give the credit to JP Morgan because JP Morgan just released a document called Patchmageddon and proved in the data that the number of zero-day exploits that they discovered is much higher than the ability to fix them.

7:35And you don't even have a fix. So you have a zero day. You know that the attacker has this zero day, but you don't have a fix because the open source community didn't fix it fast enough. So I think we are in a real chaos. OK, so and we need both the side of reviewing the code, but also making sure that the code now it's not human. We need to train the coding agents to write secure, but also compliant code on every prop. And this is how we help our customers. Yeah. And you basically have said that the boat has flipped over here, right? The ability for us to catch up on those problems, on those vulnerabilities has escaped us at this point.

8:20It's reached a terminal kind of velocity. So how do we protect against this new environment that now encases all of the work that we do? And you're calling out that a lot of that involves shifting practices left, looking further left in terms of understanding how we provide context, how we secure, and then also having the right policies in place that act as guardrails for these agents in this environment. So they make real-time decisions, right? And what do you think about that frontier? Like, we all talk about shifting left and security is always moving left. Everything's always moving left. Now there's something even further left and it's the agent, right?

8:58And things need to shift into that agent. Yeah, I think Thomas actually invented the concept back then in GitHub. She left where he put all the scanners and guard. The thing here is that you need context. And unfortunately, context has like it's a double-edged sword. On one hand, it's too generic. And on the other hand, without the context, you cannot actually stop developers. And then you have friction between security and development teams. And this is what we're solving to the industry. We're saying we develop the patented technology that understand the software architecture for every change, and we generate risk intelligence on top of the software graph.

9:41And then we're able to guide the coding agent, no matter which coding agent you use, okay, anyone, based on the organizational specific context of understanding the software architecture and the policies and the risk on top of that. And then we have hooks. We are using hooks like everyone. Hooks are now our standard. Pre-prompt hooks, pre-commit hooks. Hooks on my hooks. All of your hooks. But the secret source is the context. What do you bring into these hooks? Because it can be the same problem five years ago where we tried to stop developers at the pull request, but then we stopped every pull request because we had no context to understand what is a risk to the business and what's not.

10:34So we use the same data fabric that we built for the last six years. And we inject seamlessly, enrich the prompt with the context that you need. And this now in Fortune 500 companies proved 81 % prevention of vulnerabilities and compliance violations. And the pre-committal, we do autofix. So our coding agent talks to your coding agent and auto-fix it before it goes to the new edge of source control manager, which is entire. So you get into entire or other solutions, clean and compliant code in an agentic way. Yes, exactly. And it all has to be housed somewhere. I'm great that you're talking about entire because it's really what I want to shift my attention to in my next question as well, because we're talking about context being the answer.

11:36So, you know, we have the king of context here, Thomas, to really fill us in on what that even looks like for the tooling and where that stuff has to live. And one of the things is like you described, you, Don, is understanding like the exact fingerprint of the organization and all of its software, getting that fingerprint. fingerprint. That requires a lot of work, a lot of tooling, but then also having it just in time, putting it in the agent's hand when it's needed at the right level of context. Because if you just have a fire hose and point the fire hose at everything, it's not useful. But ultimately, all of that data has to house somewhere, has to get aggregated.

12:12It has to get, it has to live. And there are so many ingredients that go into good context. So much of them around the agent sessions themselves. So Thomas, what do you think about the things that we should be storing and keeping as artifacts over time? And what in our system right now is so insufficient that's causing this runaway escaping problem of being able to keep up with even security threats? What do you see? You both already mentioned shift left, which I don't, I didn't invent, but I certainly practice it more and more. I think the term also comes from analysts and it's all about, right, let's you detect the security vulnerabilities before they reach your production system and lead to data leakage or you have to do a press conference and explain how you lost millions or sometimes hundreds of millions of customer records.

13:03With AI agents, we basically went all the way to the left. If you want to go further left, then you have to sit in my brain because now I'm using my hands and my mouth, my voice, my language to feed all the ideas in my agent. So there isn't really further left. There isn't a step where I have to convert my ideas into something abstract like code or a diagram anymore. They can just type and it starts appearing in front of me. And I think the mind-blowing examples are the one-shot ones where you can just say, you know, build me a game or build me a quick web page or something, something really complex, even training a model.

13:42That's the transition that has happened and where we are now. And that means that we're actually producing at work these session logs, the interaction between me and my agent or agents, right? Like I have multiple, some of them are writing code, some are reviewing legal docs, you know, some of them are summarizing my daily podcasts to me or my blogs. And of course, a lot of them then take all that work and review it and give me insights from a security perspective, from a deployment perspective and so on. And one of our thesis at Entire is that, okay, so if that's the work product, if that's the thing of writing every day, similar to documents and Slack conversations and so on, then we should also store those logs.

14:25And they shouldn't just sit on my computer in some tilde.claw.codexcaps directory. They should be sitting together with the code in the repository. And so that's the first feature that we announced earlier this year in February. with our open source CLI, you can automatically store your agent logs in the Git repository together with your code. And so code, you know, is the what or the how, if you will, and the session logs are the why. And it reflects, you know, my ideas, some called intent, you know, I think most developers never heard of that word outside all intents on iPhone and whatnot. From a technical perspective, they didn't think about their day as my intent today.

15:06It's like my ideas, my workload, my bug checks request and all that. All the tool calls, the model reasoning, as much as it's available, some of the model providers are instructing that these chain of thought steps as they consider them intellectual property. And of course, the response and the commit into the repository, all that is stored together in the code. And then you can do fun things with those. You can resume a session. You can hand over from one agent to another. Some of them have outages or you just want to move from your Mac Studio to your MacBook on the couch or on a plane or the other way around.

15:43Actually, you have to close your laptop because the TSA is reminding you that there's not the time to chipe on your keyboard and you'll want to hand over to a computer that runs in your office. All the way to using that information as intelligence, semantic layer graphs, whatever you call the thing, that either the agent can use or the human can use. And we know some funny examples of startup founders extracting all the most fun prompts and the most fun agent responses or the shittiest agent responses. And they're presenting them in their tout hall meeting as kind of like the joke of the week or joke of the month, right?

16:21There's a lot of learning from that, both from an entertainment perspective, but really from a, okay, so I know what I'm doing, but maybe Idan or Andrew or Stefan have a better way of prompting Claude for adversarial code review or to not have it repeat the same mistakes over and over again. So you need long memory. You need to be able to learn and the agent needs to be able to learn because the ultimate goal from my perspective is now that we can have these agents run as long as we need them to. And more often than not, that means now hours or nights and not just three seconds. And I've actually won running here on my other Mac.

17:05Not on this one because I'm conscious of the task manager destroying the CPU load. Mine's on the computer in the back, but let's go. And I have a little portrait-sized display that an agent found for me because I wanted one that is exactly the same size as my studio display so they are aligned on the top of the bottom, otherwise it irritates me. You're speaking my language. I got one of those too. Okay, great. We're on the same page. By the way, guys, you know that you can run the coding agents in the cloud. So I'm running that so they will not kill my machine. Precisely, that's how my viewports work.

17:40I have it running on a Mac in my office. A, it serves as a heater in the winter. It's a 2019 Mac Pro. And B, I hate the latency on typing in the cloud. But anyway, it doesn't matter. But my point is, I want that agent not to finish while we are recording this podcast. because if we do that, then, well, I mean, Idan and I both talk a lot, so I can just reiterate for Idan to answer something and then I can tell you quickly the response. But my point is, you want to have the agent similar to a team member and certainly a startup leaders. We know that feeling. We want team members to have autonomy, agency, and creativity until the point when we realize it went too far in a direction that I don't agree with or it spent too much money that I also don't agree with for both of those.

18:29And you spend, you know, millions of tokens on the model, self-optimizing something that plays no role to our business, right? And so how do we make these loops longer? That is, I think, the real challenge and why I think, yeah, the boat has tripped over. We are living in a, I think, to some degree, crazy world and a massive code that are being produced. At the same time, we haven't figured it out at all. And we are still so early in the journey. And if you come back here in two or three years, maybe even just in one year, the way we're working will be very different. Yeah, absolutely. And I just want to complete what Thomas said on two points because I see this on a day-by-day discussions with CISOs and CIOs.

19:14They are saying exactly what Thomas is saying. We are now, we gave these coding agents 24-7 tasks and now we see them reasoning on top of the code bases again and again. Now you have a problem where you can multiply the coding agent by the number of changes, by the number of repos, and then every agent changes something else in the repo that the other agent needs to know about. And this is exactly what Thomas is saying. If this literally they are spending so much money on things that they can solve with an entire or with a peer on the security side, where we are now giving the context when you do autofix or prevent, you don't need to reasoning again and again and again.

20:10And when we compared a task of autofix of a very complex vulnerability on a large monorepo, One query costs$6.1, where in a period with the data fabric, the same task costs$0.2. And this is a huge cost saving to the customers. The second thing that I want to touch on, and I agree with the intent point of view, but in the large enterprises, what they did, because as you know, everything is regulated and they need guardrails and yada, yada. So they actually using a Piro to scan the JIRA ticket or the GitHub issue that a product manager actually wrote and run a threat model on them before they copy and paste it or give the agent a way or access to the intent to start the task.

21:09Okay, so we can proactively or continuously run on every JIRA ticket or GitHub issue, run a threat model, give the output of the threat model, which are countermeasures to the coding agent, so they can run a more secure and compliant task in the background. Yeah, there's a really interesting kind of paradox happening here where you need to have everything so you can slice it down to exactly what you need. But you can't give everything everything. And you have these situations where like things are so expensive, right? And if you just like were to work on a mono repo type of level, or if you wouldn't actually look at the specific slices of what you need to do, you get this cognitive burden between all these coordinating sub agents because you divide them by role playing and like instead of cognitive locality, right?

22:03Instead of an agent that owns end-to-end some mental model that it can keep in its head and reliably work on and deliver, especially for long-running, folks have a tendency to split that up into seams to where things are moving between lots of agents. You get onboardings and off-boardings and loss of context and all of this compression is lossy. And in order to really fight this, one, you need a place where it all goes so you can understand what's moving and get the shape of it. You need to close the loop because, you know, like Thomas, I love how you called it out, like the idea of, you know, having loops that run on the organization and all of this data look back at sessions and find learnings and elevate new things.

22:44And they become like shareable stuff across the company as well. And that's actually really exciting for me because that's a macro version of like I have a loop like that that runs on my agents with their transcripts. transcripts. And I get like a recap like that at the end of a week and it helps me catch stuff they didn't catch. I see the instant value of that happening on an organizational level. In order for that to happen, you have to just have all of that context. You have to be able to pivot and study it. And then consumers and experts in their domain like Apiro can come in, right? And what's this slice of data?

23:18What makes the thing most secure? How can I coordinate all of this cognitive locality in the safest and least expensive way and everything that you said and for every change yeah this is for every yeah every change and at the same time it's like we see the rate of commits i see my github you know commit history thing like i see what's happening and everyone else is on that same page i'm not special i open my laptop on monday and cloud coats down for me, just like it is for everyone else. And so it's like, it's so like this velocity also brings me to my next point, which is I would love to get y 'all's vantage on in terms of how developers and product managers have to evolve for the skills they need to work with this new context.

24:06Cause I don't know about y 'all, but I find myself constantly in a position of explaining this context management and slicing and dicing and making it just in time and understanding the value of how to compact that information into like a layer that is durable for you and the agent. There's so many ways to crack that egg, but folks need to be thinking about it. So how do you, you create this, you know, an entire, you create this world where literally entirely everything lives, the transcripts and the delivery and everything in between. And, but just because that's there doesn't mean people know how to work with it or they know how to put good stuff in it or pull good insights out of it.

24:43So where do you think about teaching and getting the team to think in this loop-like way on top of all of this data? We mentioned earlier when we started the call, we believe we're already in this journey and we're going to reinvent the lifecycle, the way we're working. And you mentioned different roles and companies and how do PMs evolve, designers, marketing folks, security analysts. I think they're all going to be centered around code as the one thing that we all share, that all our agents produce, right? And if you look at Cloud or ChatGPT work, Cloud Co-Work and ChatGPT work, they are effectively coding agents with a little bit of a layer on top of it to work on your Word files or your Gmail or whatever this have you.

25:32And developers figured that out a little bit earlier than everybody else. They just use their coding agent because there's access to tools and APIs and all that to do a lot of the things that are outside of coding. And obviously, that's also true for a marketing manager. And a marketing manager can produce landing pages and process spreadsheets. And so to some degree, they have become engineers. Same for product managers and designers. Today, you don't really want to PM write your Google Doc with a concept or write your Jira ticket or start planning and tracking, which was the first part of the software lifecycle.

26:12Like I was always planning and tracking and then you had to do daily standup to break your epics into user stories, into work items. I think that's just, you know, the long term, that's all going to be a waste of time. Because you're producing artifacts that then somebody else copy and pastes into a coding agent, then you could have just started with a coding agent to begin with. And if you actually, you know, look at open source projects more often than not. now when people report issues in open source projects, they ask Claude first to analyze their data issue together with the code base. It's where open source gained another superpower.

26:49Because it can reuse the code base together with your agent and whatever problem, error message, and so on that you see to analyze that problem and then give the person reporting the bug to much more context on what's happening without necessarily sharing your data. Or you can get a step further and have it create a pull request or a change request where you already made a modification to the code base. And I think we should leave behind, many developers have that certainly as everything needs to be perfect. We were so skeptical of self-driving cars because every time you talk with somebody about self-driving cars a few years ago, they were all like, but what if on the left turn something unexpected happens, right?

27:29And then it rains like crazy here in Seattle and then it can't do this. And like, yeah, but how often does it actually happen in your day-to-day. And so you're much better off if you're planning for the 90 % case. And that also means the 10 % that are the hardest part still requires engineers in the organization. And I don't think we will see organizations where a PM or PMN roles are driving the whole ship or whatever. But certainly we will see more organizations where everybody is the creator. Everybody can produce an artifact within the company that lives in the same space and ultimately results in code.

28:12And then if you believe in that future, then obviously now you have a very different software development cycle that you had before. One that is much more collapsed into loops, multiple of these loops, and then some are short running and some are long running. And we have to figure out how we get value out of the long running loops. and basically decide at the beginning of the loop, how long should it run, what are my evals, at what point do I want to enter up? Because what we're seeing in 2026 is that our confidence level, our excitement level goes really high if something works well. And I get excited and it's like, okay, now I can keep you running and so much text and output is produced that especially when you have multiple terminals open or multiple threads in the Codex app that you very quickly lose all the context and you're not able to catch up.

29:10And if you're working on three or four projects at the same time, it's even worse. And so we also got to accept that we don't have that knowledge anymore of how every single line of code worked. But if you're honest, that was also never the case. We were just pretending on the ever-growing code basis. I'm sure Idan cannot in earnest on a Friday afternoon do a code review that ships to production tonight and confirm I found all the bugs. And so I think that's the road we have to think about and what engineering looks like. This is like spot on. And I want to take exactly what Thomas said to the security world.

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29:50Now you are unable to go and identify the vulnerabilities because the developer didn't write the code. So if they didn't write the code, they are unable to review the code and identify the vulnerabilities. So the vulnerabilities today, we see a shift from the traditional OWASP top 10, the legacy SQL injection and things like that to a much, much, much more complicated business logic vulnerabilities. And if you're not providing the context early on in the pre-prompt hook, you're unable to do a code review or you're unable to prevent these vulnerabilities in the first place. So I'm just saying it's the same problem to different use cases.

30:42Developers doesn't write the code, developers doesn't review, doesn't test, doesn't deploy, and it means more risks getting in. And I would just say one last thing to this point between product managers and developers. I think, and again, in the prisma of security, the spec-driven design now needs to embed all the security and requirements in whatever the spec is, which is not a document anymore, as Thomas said. And this is the new agentic development lifecycle where everything driven from the intent directly to the coding agent. And you need to inject all this context that Thomas was talking about, but also the organizational security and compliance policies in.

31:35AI shifted your engineers from writing code to reviewing it. Review queues are outpacing human reviewers and it's wearing good engineers down. Join me Thursday, October 8th at 10 a.m. Pacific for a live online workshop where we catch that strain in your own engineering data before it shows up as attrition. Sign up links are in the show notes. I'll see you there. You hear that? Like, Idaan is begging y 'all listeners to put the security requirements, the security vulnerability, like the things about security into the spec. It needs to be at the beginning. You can't tack it on at the end. If you do that mindset, then you're fixing every loop that's running all of these little loops that are shipping your code.

32:19And both Thomas and I are coming from Microsoft. I also sold my company to Microsoft. And I felt the challenge of going and filling as a GM, filling up questionnaires before delivering to production. Thomas, I don't think you had this problem because you had a different pipeline. But in my case, I suffered and I have a lot of scars on my back at 2 a.m. in the morning. and I need the rubber stamp for someone that never review our code to approve that what I wrote in the questionnaires are actually true, which is like today, it's a waste of time and no one should do that. No one, no one, no matter if you're a bank or if you're a Google or Microsoft, you should never do that.

33:09I think you also have to be real, right? Like there's an ideal state of how the lifecycle works and that you start with all these things first. And let's face it, with or without agents, we have a hard time expressing what we actually want. I'm speculative in development. Aidan alluded to it between the lines. I don't think we head into a world where we are all writing specs. And then the specs are so perfect that the agent can implement this because that never worked when the human was the other, you know, the part of our team, the human engineers were implementing it. And it certainly doesn't work with agents.

33:42And a lot of the plans are actually now generated by agents. and you look at this and it's like 10 pages of wall of text in front of you. You're like, yeah, it looks good. You know, let's build this because, you know, you can always iterate on this faster. That's what we all learned when we started coding, that software, because the cost of producing software is so marginally low, you can always go and fix it later. And the same is true for security. You know, when we talk about shift left, we mean before we deploy to production. But if I have a great idea, it's Friday afternoon, I don't start with opening a ticket or starting a pull request or a trail or loop or whatever.

34:20I open my agent and say, here, I want this and build me a quick prototype. And then by the time it's Monday, that prototype has evolved in 20 ,000 lines of code. And as long as I then get into the phase of, okay, let's have Apiro or Mythos or whatever it is, review that code and make sure my pull request is draft first. And all that, I think we're still fine. And we found, for me, I found the joy in coding again because now I can do a lot of things on the side without figuring out how to install Python 3 and Pygame and all the dependencies and all the challenges that we had before when we had side projects.

35:03Every Sunday, you spend more time on updating your dev environment and figuring out what did it last Sunday. now on Sunday you can just reopen the session and everything still works and if not the agent knows it from the entire session log and how to do these things. Yeah, and you can have this, your ability to explore projects is only limited by your fluency and expressing your curiosity and having, you know, the whole thing you mentioned about the 12-page markdown file where it's like, oh, there's the spec and they want to build it. I have, we could go down a whole rabbit hole with that because I couldn't agree more.

35:35I talk about it a lot on the show about how that's just like not the way but also around using a power like the graph, breaking that down into more graph-like forms that allow agents to move through it in a directed way to get just the slices of context, right? And it's like those little habits are so transformational and can only happen in environments like that entire provides, right? And there's another problem that y 'all both called out that I want to spend a little, I want to spend a moment on. And you talked about ownership in this process. And I think that's a huge deal. And it's something that a lot of engineers are struggling with.

36:08There's an abstraction where engineers who used to be like, they would call themselves like, I am a TypeScript developer. I'm a Java developer. I write Kotlin. Like that kind of identity has been shed away. Everyone is now managers of agents and their decisions. But with that also too just becomes an abstraction from the work that you're shipping and delivering. You're spending less time reading the code. Hell, you're even spending less time now reading the plans. And so you're so removed that what happens is actually something we saw at Linear B. We had an update to our benchmarks for 2026. We looked at like 2.7 million pull requests since the beginning of this year.

36:48And we split them into cohorts like human only, AI assisted, and then like fully agentic PRs. Like what happened to them? And you see this huge rate where the agentic PRs, there's a big volume of them. And then they hit a stage of like review or merge and they just linger and they sit and you get upwards of like 70 % of these agentic PRs just still sitting, waiting to be reviewed or merged, or maybe they're not even relevant. So, and a lot of that is because there's no owner. There's no, there's no person who's, who kicked that offer necessarily owns the task. There's no one hopping into someone's Slack channel being like, you Don, can you please review my PR?

37:28And you're like, oh, it looks good to me. and then we're really excited to ship it. That's not happening anymore. So what does ownership look like now for engineers? I would love to see the statistics of how many human-generated TRs are also sitting there for a long time and never get merged. Certainly for GitHub issues, if you look at an open source project that you haven't seen before, stars is one metric. I think, you know, as my popularity, and often it's also a vanity metric. And you're looking at like, when was the last commit? You're reading the readme and then you're seeing issues in pull requests and just kind of correlate all these numbers to figure out is the project healthy or not.

38:09But the more and the popular and bigger an open source project is, the more you have both issues in open pull requests that never get merged. And if I just look at our own stuff, sure, we could just close all the old stuff. And often that's, but like in Slack or Discord, you know shift escape marks everything i've read sometimes that's the best way of being productive today instead of trying to figure out every channel is there something relevant for me do i have to respond and just see who comes back to you and it has a follow-up question i was like ping thomas uh you you never responded to the question i had for you so that i think there's no one like we already lived in a world where we read it for pull request review and in the beginning i think in the pre-show we talked about being remote and being across time zones and the folks in that work between Israel and the US West Coast, Australia and Europe, know exactly what that is like, that the person reviewing my progress is in a different time zone and has different holidays and all that.

39:03And I keep waiting and waiting. And what we do is we use our social capital and ping the person in our company chat to get it resolved. There is no... Ownership is certainly a problem. I agree with you on that, but I think that's a part of the problem that is much bigger, which is we are used to human-to-human collaboration and we solve human-to-human problems by talking or chatting. We're also living in a world where sometimes it's just better to grab the phone and place a quick phone call because voice and the way you're saying things, it's easier to transport in a call than on a chat or vice versa, especially when English is not your first language.

39:41It goes both ways. But in the agent-to-agent world or the agent-to-human world, we haven't really figured that out. And we went through, you know, the last year, we went through like a phase of, you saw Daniel from Curl as an example, saying, I get all this AI swap now on pull requests. And I think in the last six months, you saw a bunch of maintainers saying the opposite, which is the pull requests have got really good. And it solved a number of CVEs or other issues that have been supported effectively by AI. Often it's a human taking the AI pen test result and gives this to you. But the amount of stuff that AI is finding and fixing for us has gone up so much in the quality equally with it that I don't think we can pretend anymore that AI is not actually helping us with the progress in those projects.

40:37And so then you have all these pull requests and I see Dan wants to talk, but you have all these pull requests. So how do you go through all of them and not leave them open and basically get exactly what you were describing, which is 70 % of them stay open, just like before 70 % of security findings stayed open because nobody wanted to go through those long lists. I have two things to say. One is that we see a very, very unique trend right now because we provided the open source community our autofix with the context that we have, and we've seen the data that because we provide them a certainty score and we run the tests for them.

41:16And on the low, medium potential impact are merged automatically. They have a rule. If Pure AutoFix it, then merge it automatically and it reduces the number of pull requests dramatically. But on the other hand, I want to say that when you said ownership, I thought about totally different things. What we did in our data analysis across the Fortune 500 companies that we have is we wanted to see, because we scan every PR as well, but we scan it from a different point of view. And we saw that the number of components, meaning RESTful APIs, microservices or code modules, open source dependencies, usage of internal dependencies, grew in over a thousand percent because the coding agents are actually adding more and more and more and no one actually saying, hey, do we need this API or not?

42:20How it's connected to ownership. If you don't have an ownership of a code component or a code module or a service, then the pull request that is tied to it has no code owner, okay? And it's the coding agent. What I'm trying to say is that at the end of the day, if you have a business owner that cares about this functionality because we need to close a$10 million deal with a customer, okay? Believe me, even if it's not a human and an agent wrote it, someone will merge the PR because I will go to the team leader and say, hey, Thomas, what's going on with that? We have a deadline and we need to deliver this feature to the customer or we have a critical CV that we must fix.

43:09This pull request sits for three days, go and whatever. I don't care what you would do with that. I want it in production. And so we see that if there is a business owner to this PR, things will happen. OK? Yeah. Does this make sense? No, it does make sense that it's really less about the idea of the individual attributed person for the code getting through the code race. We're talking about the owner for what is the deliverable, what's the impact of that goal. And that is something where the ownership doesn't get abstracted. And you solve that with two things or you solve it by acknowledging one important thing.

43:51And that's what Thomas said around social currency, around that being the currency of the past, the way that we would transact and get these things done. You need to solve them now with mechanics, with with things that understand and can get these certainty scores, like you said, or otherwise be able to instrument and mechanically assist the agents. All of like I find my most successful loops and anyone who really experiments with loops understands that a prime ingredient of making a core loop is having the mechanics and the machinations around the loop to support it and watch when it stalls. And just you have to understand that you have to abstract from that intelligence running inside of it to control it.

44:32And the same is the same is true here. You have to still have that owner across that whole process. And I just want to, you know, we're coming up on our time here and there's honestly so many topics that we could keep down exploring. And this topic is only just going to continue to expand. So we're just going to have to have both of y 'all back in the future to keep chewing on this. But there's one last thing I wanted to ask y 'all. And just from your perspectives, as teams are adopting and using these tools and shipping more code, and we have all of these problems and possible playbooks that we've identified today.

45:02I think there's a ton to unpack here. What do you think is the strategy for engineering leaders right now? Now, we get asked this question a lot by our audience about how do they talk to their leaders, their CFO, about proving the ROI from their AI adoption and these toolings and how they're shipping software? Thomas, do you want to start? Itan, you go first. No, you go first. Okay, okay. I have a very clear, again, reminder, I'm coming from the point of view of the CISO and eventually the CIO. So we have a very clear playbook on how to go to the CFO. And we are saying the following. Let's talk for a second about autofix.

45:41Autofix for us in our pricing model is fixed up to$4 per fix, okay? Between 0.2 to$4 per fix, okay? You pay us for ACUs. We are going back because we have all the data across the history, and we are saying, hey, in your organization in the last year, your backlog grew in 79%, and we saw an average that it takes you to fix a vulnerability, four hours, four hours of like two hours triage, two hours fix and test. You calculate that, and you get to, on average, $78 for vulnerability. So we go to the CFO and we say, it's not only that we reduce the cost by 100%, we're actually reduce the risk because we fixed much more in a short period of time, in less amount of time and money eventually, that it costs you to do that.

46:47So this is auto-fix. Prevent is a totally different beast because we have the Guardian autofix and Guardian prevent. Guardian prevent, actually, we prove, we run a POC and we say, okay, run these 10 prompts without the Guardian prevent. Run these 10 prompts with the Guardian prevent. We show that without, you generate much more vulnerabilities. And then we say to you how much time it takes you to fix or prioritize, fix, and test these vulnerabilities. And on average, we prevent 80 % of these vulnerabilities. And then you translate that to money. Now we are working, I cannot share too much information about that, but in high level, we're working on Appyro Guardian Protect, which actually protects the coding agents from attacks.

47:42And there, it's not all the discussion with the CFO. they don't care about how much money you save them. You actually need to prove them that you blocked the attack on the coding agent and then they're able to actually close the deal. And I want to say that we literally this week closed the deal on an MVP, okay, for the Guardian Protect. And I hope this makes sense, like how - No, it makes perfect sense. I love that you got out like the whiteboard and you were like, and here's the math and then here's how much it would cost. That was A +, one of the best explanations of how it works from your perspective.

48:24And that's for vulnerabilities. That's for the proactivity. You get the kind of like way the costs on both what it's going to save you by like, oh, I spotted this so early, but then also just how efficient the process is. What about in an open-ended problem? Like Thomas may be turning this to you like when you're building a very open-ended surface as your software. If you look at engineering teams or startup product teams, I think there's always been three types of features you can build. Idan is in its first category, which is you're fixing security vulnerabilities or protecting against those because they're ultimately undermining your customer trust and probably promises that you have made to certain customers from a certification perspective and all these kind of things.

49:10And if you lose customer trust, you're not going to close deals. And so that is part of the fundamentals, right? Availability is in the same category, data residency, all these kind of things. And the challenge has always been is how much time do I allocate to that bucket of work over the ones that are more fun? That's the one that I think most people don't want to work on if they get to choose what to do in priorities this week. If you think about joining a hackathon, the first thing you're not going to do is I want to fix security vulnerabilities. in a project I haven't even written, right? The second bucket is where you have clear signals from your customers and you land a deal if you ship that feature.

49:50Also, quite easy to say, okay, this takes us this amount of time and it lands us this size of deal and somebody can predict there's 10 more deals and so let's build this and let's prioritize this. And then, you know, if you actually look and Idan alluded to this from a security perspective, but it's obviously also true for features that you're building while we have a long, or we can have another podcast about token maxing and all that. The truth is also, if you look at cost per line of code, the agent can do that much cheaper than a human can, even when you loop and you do that multiple times.

50:26And when you see the numbers out there, for example, Gergely, pragmatic engineer, where the budgets are in certain companies that he's talking to, we're talking 500 or 1 ,000 or maybe 1 ,500 a month, that is still just a small percentage of my engineering salaries. And I think some of these companies have the problem that effectively they hired 1 ,000 interns. Those are the agents. And now they had all this headcount without actually having a clear definition of what they're working on. And then somebody realized, shit, we are paying now 1 ,000 interns and they're not actually bringing anything back other than pursuing SACREST.

51:02And that brings me to the third bucket. And that has always been the challenge. You know, what feature am I building that is future revenue? But I don't have the clear signal yet. And in startups, you're constrained by your runway effectively, right? Like you have only a certain amount of runway people that you can hire. And so the best startups are the ones that are utterly focused on a few of these main quests. And maybe they give their employees 10 or 20 % time for side quests, but that's it. And agents are no different. You cannot make the sidecrest that the agents are following all of a sudden 90 % of your token budget.

51:40That's the problem, right? They're basically allowing these agents to build stuff that are not part of the area that you're focusing on that you have prioritized. And so that is now the thing that we should spend time every day is what are our maincrests? What are our priorities? What do we think, you know, aligns with our strategy and where we want to go as a company or a team? And what are our side quests? And I think the side quests need to have a constrained time and token budget. And the main quest, you have to then ultimately measure against the future revenue goals that you're predicting.

52:13And hopefully, you know, you're running a company in such a way that at some point you can backwards, look backwards and see that, yeah, you know, we built these features and they worked out or what startups do, they pivot and they move somewhere else. So I think that's how engineering leaders and managers and product managers have to think about that. But we said that multiple times, that hasn't actually changed to how we did it before, except before we were very constrained by headcount. Right. And the headcount kind of like got removed, except it's of course still there because we're running our companies as businesses.

52:45Conversation's still happening. Same conversation. We're just focusing on a different constraint, a different part of this conversation. It got much easier to hire people because you couldn't have been up an agent, the most complicated part was to buy and make many in April or so. But other than that, it's so easy to spin up more and more processes that all earn good money. And so we have to go back to, okay, we're running a business. You want to make revenue. We have expenses. And hopefully at some point we have a margin that is positive. And what are the priorities and what are not? And what do we spend our time on and whatnot?

53:17But I think that on the positive note, all that has become much more fun and exciting, I think. That's at least my takeaway from the last six months. Yep, there's new challenges. I think those challenges give up confidence that we will have jobs in five and 10 years and that we will have challenges and opportunities in our companies. But creativity and autonomy agency has been 10x for many of us. And if not, then let's figure that out of how we can make that possible for the next generation of developers of how can they enjoy coding as much as we did when I sat on a Commodore 64 or some of you probably on a PC and have that same, oh, something appears in front of me and I was the Iron Man or Superman that created it.

54:07Amazing. Well, this has been a fantastic chat. We've dove into so much in this conversation that we're just going to have to unpack it again in a future one. And we're going to include links for both of y 'all's websites and the platforms y 'all are building for Entire and Appy Row. Make sure everyone knows the best places to go and continue y 'all's stories. And if you've been listening, you've made it this far, then clearly you're obsessed with this conversation too. Please come find us on LinkedIn. Drop us a comment. We're going to be posting an accompanying newsletter for this on LinkedIn and Substack.

54:38And to think we almost made it through a recording, y 'all, where we didn't say token maxing. I promise it will happen eventually, but not this time. and that's it for this week's Dev Interrupted see you next time and Thomas and Idan thanks again for joining me thank you thank you so much see you next time

From the publisher

Before anyone reimagines the software lifecycle for agents, someone has to secure the place all that code lands. Entire CEO Thomas Dohmke, formerly CEO of GitHub, and Apiiro co-founder and CEO Idan Plotnik see the same problem from opposite ends of the pipeline: agents now write, review, test and deploy the code, and nobody reads it.

This week on Dev Interrupted, they join Andrew to argue that the fix is context, injected before the prompt through hooks and captured afterward as session logs committed next to the code. Idan puts numbers on the perfect storm of agents shipping more code as Mythos scans surface 10x the vulnerabilities, while Thomas makes the case that code is the what and the session log is the why. They close the conversation on why every pull request needs a business owner, not just a code owner. 

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