The Tech That Will Prevent and Reverse Chronic Disease w/ Naveen Jain & Guru Banavar | EP #71

2 Nov 2023 · 1 h 36 min

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Podcast Summary: Moonshots with Peter Diamandis - Episode #71

Episode Overview In this episode, Peter Diamandis engages in a discussion with Naveen Jain and Guru Banavar about the role of technology in preventing and reversing chronic diseases. The conversation emphasizes the importance of asking unique questions to solve significant health problems and explores the interaction between human DNA, gene expression, and the microbiome in health.

Key Guests

  • Peter H. Diamandis - Founder, investor, and best-selling author known for uplifting humanity through technology.
  • Naveen Jain - Serial entrepreneur and founder of Viome, with a focus on solving global challenges through innovation.
  • Guru Banavar - Chief Technology Officer at Viome, recognized leader in AI and former leader of the IBM Watson team.

Key Topics Discussed

  1. The Importance of Unique Questions
  2. The episode begins with the assertion that to tackle massive health problems, one must ask innovative questions that differ from the conventional approach.
  3. The conversation highlights the shift from merely understanding human DNA to looking at gene expression and the microbiome's role in health.
  1. Understanding Chronic Diseases
  2. Jain explains that 97% of healthcare spending is on chronic diseases, which are often managed rather than cured.
  3. Chronic diseases mentioned include metabolic diseases, mental health issues, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, which is described as another disease.
  1. The Role of the Microbiome
  2. The speakers stress the significance of the microbiome, noting that 99% of gene expressions in our body come from microbiomes, not our DNA.
  3. The conversation delves into how our bodies are ecosystems, relying on symbiotic relationships with microbes for digestion and immune function.
  1. AI and Healthcare Transformation
  2. The discussion transitions to how AI is being integrated into healthcare to analyze vast amounts of biological data and provide insights.
  3. Jain emphasizes that existing healthcare systems largely use analog methods and that digitizing health data is crucial for innovation.
  1. The Future of HealthTech
  2. The speakers envision a future where medicine is personalized based on comprehensive biological data collected from individuals.
  3. Jain and Banavar discuss the potential of AI to enhance the accuracy of diagnostics and treatments, especially in detecting diseases at early stages.

Specific Innovations and Case Studies

Eating as Medicine

  • Jain advocates for the concept of "food as medicine," suggesting that nutrition can influence gene expression and health outcomes.

Cancer Detection

  • The episode discusses advancements in early cancer detection, especially oral cancers, with promising specificity and sensitivity metrics provided by AI-driven diagnostics.

Gut Health

  • The dangers of gut imbalances are explored, and the importance of maintaining a healthy microbiome is highlighted.

Practical Insights for Listeners

  • Data Collection: Collect biological data to understand personal health metrics; Viome collects extensive biological data points to analyze individual health.
  • Nutrition Guidance: Personalize diets based on individual responses rather than following trends or general diets.
  • Proactive Health Management: Utilize technology to monitor health continuously, making adjustments based on data rather than waiting for symptoms to appear.

Conclusion The episode encapsulates the integration of technology, particularly AI, in health and wellness, emphasizing a shift towards personalized healthcare solutions. Listeners are encouraged to take an active role in their health management through data-informed choices and to consider the profound implications of our microbiome and nutrition on chronic diseases.

Additional Resources

  • Viome: [Website](https://viome.com) for personalized health insights.
  • Peter Diamandis: Follow on social media for updates and insights on technology impacting humanity.
  • Fountain Life: A company focusing on advanced diagnostic tools and therapeutics for health monitoring.

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Transcript

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0:00I'm NFL Lineback at Tijayawatt and this is my personal best. YPB by Abercrombie is the active wearer I'm always wearing. That's why I reached out to co -design their latest drop. I work with designers to create high -performance active wear that holds up to my toughest workouts. Shop YPB by Abercrombie in -store online and in the app. Because your personal best is greater than anything.

0:31When did making plans get this complicated? It's time to streamline with WhatsApp. The secure messaging app that brings the whole group together, use polls to settle dinner plans. Send event invites and pin messages so no one forgets mom's 60th and never miss a meme or milestone. All protected with end -to -end encryption. It's time for WhatsApp. Message privately with everyone. Learn more at WhatsApp .com. If you want to solve a massive problem, you have to ask a different question than anyone else has asked before.

1:09We need to go deep into the biology. And in order to go deep into the biology, we need to collect massive amounts of data from a very broad population. We have collected one quadrillion biological data point just with the oral microbiome. It's like going from black and white to color. You basically are living in the analog world until we can digitize the human body. We as humans are walking, talking, ecosystem. There is no reason we should be thinking of food as a medicine. Again, we actually use food as medicine to change the underlying expression of both the human genes and microbial genes and bring the body back into homeostasis.

1:54Everybody, Peter here. Welcome to Moonshots. I'm here with a dear, dear friend, Navin Jane, the CEO of Vionm and a new friend, Guru, who is the CTO and head of AI for Vionm. Gentlemen, so Navin, are you up in Seattle today? I am, Peter. I just got back last night from Germany, but you know, this podcast is so important. I wouldn't miss it for the word. Fantastic. And Guru, how about yourself? Where in the plan to write. Same. I've been hanging out with Navin in Germany and then just got back here. Well, welcome back on your global trotting. So, let's dive into the subject of artificial intelligence and healthcare because I think it's one of the most important topics that we're in the midst of.

2:41When people look at the US healthcare system, we rank something like 23rd in the world despite having an extraordinary budget. And I think about the fact that it's so expensive to get a medical degree. And there's such a need for doctors, nurses, health coaches. And the question is, how do we raise healthcare and make it actually affordable and effective because it's not right now? And I think AI is the means by which we do that. And there's without a question, when I think about AI and medicine, AI and health, Viome is near the top of the stack there. I mean, this has become central to biome.

3:26But let's begin really very quickly in a vein with what is biome, and then let's jump into AI of it all. So I think we set up to solve one big problem. 97 % of all healthcare dollars are spent on chronic diseases and they're not spent on infectious diseases, right? And our whole healthcare system is primarily designed for acute care for infectious diseases and it manages the chronic diseases because if you think about it in the last 50, 100 years, people did not live that long And they were not very many chronic diseases and people just needed to take care of hey, I broke my leg I have this infectious diseases and we saw that problem in 1950s when we got the antibiotics, right?

4:14But now we have this massive epidemic of chronic diseases and most people who may not know what I mean by chronic diseases These are the metabolic diseases obesity diabetes hard disease, right? These are mental health issues depression anxiety addiction neurodegenerative diseases, cancer or even aging because aging is just another disease. And we fundamentally start to think about it and saying what changes at the onset and during the progression of these diseases. If we can find exactly what changes in the human body will be able to solve this problem. And Peter, you and I have talked about in the past also, if you want to solve a massive problem, you have to ask a different question than anyone else has asked before.

5:03And that is the fundamentally what we say. Look, the whole world is so focused on understanding the genes and DNA. And we realize that especially in the chronic diseases, your DNA doesn't change at the onset or during the progression of these diseases. So if you do my DNA test today and again 200 pounds, my DNA just to the same. I have become diabetic. My DNA just to the same. I get heart disease, depression, anxiety, and then I die. 100 years after I die, you do my DNA test. Again, yet identical DNA. So if DNA can't tell you your dead or alive, how will it ever tell you your healthier or sick?

5:41I love that. I love that, and it's so true, right? You know, we get 3 .2 billion letters from our mom, 3 .2 billion from our dad, but your DNA is not your destiny. And as you've talked about before, it's what's genes are on, which genes are off. It's your control of your DNA. And I think one of the things that you discovered in Viome is we have the ability to understand not just our DNA, but the expression of it in the form of RNA, which is actually what's going on in your cells, in your body. Just so that's one part is understanding our need. The second part of the thing that was puzzle was 99 % of all the genes that are expressed in our body don't come from a mom and dad.

6:26And that's a fundamental problem, right? Where do we come from? They come from microbiome. They live in your gut, they live in your mouth, they live all over our body, they live on nasal cavity, in the ear cavities, 99%. So think about that. Until we understand how they are in a symbiotic relationship with we us as human host and this is the part I want people to understand We as humans are walking talking ecosystem. We are in symbiotic relationship with these organisms They are not parasite on us in fact the many of the foods we eat cannot be digested by the human body In fact, they are digested by these microbes and in turn They release the nutrients that our body can't produce such such as short -chain fatty acids and many of the metabolites There are signal to our immune system and our immune system is being trained by these microbiome so much so Peter 70 % of all of our immune cell is along our digestive lining think about that for a second 70 % of immune system is along our gut lining being trained So, the fundamental problem of AI that needed to be solved and here is why healthcare has failed.

7:38So, the first thing is that healthcare failed for many reasons. Number one was they completely ignored this idea of 99 % of the genes that are expressed by microbiome. So, they look at these organisms as a parasite something to be killed. That came from our whole philosophy of infectious diseases. is every time they were the infection, it was a bacteria or a virus. So they basically waged the war on microbiome. They waged the war on this. So it's a war on organism that caused many of these symbiotic relationship to break down. And with this, this biosis came, the body not being at ease that we call this ease is a disease.

8:23right? So the solve the problem to use AI and a digital tool, I just want to get to the AI part that you want to ask me. The reason AI has not been so successful is a whole medical system, despite us talking about electronic medical record, is still is more or less an analog system, right? You basically are living in the analog world until we can digitize the human body. We can't use the digital tools that allows you to dematerialize, demolitize and democratize all of the healthcare that we need to do. So bringing the cost down, understanding what is happening. And that was the first thing we did.

9:06So digitization was how do we get the RNA of the human body from every place that matters. And what we did at YM was very unique was we didn't come up with the hypothesis and And this is where a lot of the early signs was broken. People come up with the hypothesis. I think this is what causes Alzheimer and we're going to go attack that. We say, we don't know what causes what. Why not collect the data, let the data tell us what is going on. So let the AI come up with an idea. Well, of course, I mean, that's brilliant. But in the old days, when we were talking about a physician or a nurse or the health care system, there is no way in the world that a human being could possibly process all that data.

9:54I mean, the medical exam was, you know, a reflex hammer on the knee, was listening to your heart and your lungs coughing. Maybe it was a sputum sample to see if there was something going on there. But the amount of data you can collect right now is awe inspiring. And in that data is the truth. Yes. And so we decided that they are basically your body really has three. I mean if you look at your body We start from there the tube that goes through us the top of the tube is a mouth and by the way Most people ignore this completely so far because your mouth has two trillion microbiome. Oh my god I would be like I ignored it and I've gotten to so much trouble when I had in a tooth a dental little procedure and I ended up in a sinus infection.

10:44I was like, I'm not going to take antibiotics. I'm not going to take antibiotics. I don't want to screw up my microbiome. In the fourth night, when I was illiterally in bed, in pain, and I started to get a fever, I was like, oh my God, the reason humans are living as long as we have is because we invented micro -antibiotics 50 years ago. I finally took antibiotics and cleared it up. But then then I'm playing catch up on my microbiome to fix it for the next six months. And so Peter what we realize was now there's so much data that we have collected. We have collected one quadrillion biological data point just with the oral microbiome.

11:25Total we have now is 52 .55 quadrillion biological data point. How many zeros is that? Just to put that in perspective, it's 60. This is the, yeah, 16 zero's okay. This is the largest database on humanity ever collected by humans, right? I don't know and we don't know Peter what aliens may or may not have done on humanity, but this is absolutely the largest database on humanity ever collected. And this is a dynamic data. So that means what are your microbes doing? What how your immune system is reacting to? So what we do is we analyze your saliva, looking at your oral microbial gene expression and looking at the human gene expression.

12:08We look at your bottom of the tube which is you gut microbiome and epithelial cells. How are they reacting to it? Because they're the immune system that is going on and then we look at the finger prick blood looking at your mitochondria looking at all of your cytokines right and then we're looking at all of this interaction and they're we're saying he what is going on when we people have diabetes. What is going on when people are hard to see? What's going on? People have IBS or IBD because you can imagine when you have a you know remission or relapse of IBD, your DNA is the same and your microbiome is the same.

12:45Something changes that have a relapse or remission. So Guru, you were at IBM Watson which really was the first AI system to make a splash. You know, Watson and winning against the top players in the game of Jeopardy. Was like an epic event. I remember on every stage, I would speak about how it well it did. And then the IBM team, under your leadership, started differentiating into medicine in other fields. So the question I have for you is, how long has it been possible now to actually process this level of data and extract wisdom or knowledge or decisions out of this data. Is it been like the last two or three years?

13:30Has it been 10 years? And what's making it possible to process quite a million data points? Great question Peter. So I want to sort of start from that big economy picture that you were talking about and say that you have the healthcare delivery part of the system and then there's the actual biology and the medicine part of the system, okay? So even when you think about the humongous amounts of data that has been generated in the medical system or the healthcare system. It's been on the healthcare delivery side of it. And this is a crucial point because the healthcare delivery part of it is very shallow.

14:04It's looking at what happened, what are the symptoms, what are the treatments, what happened and so on. For example, claim state, right? There's a ton of claim state, there's a ton of medical notes and so on. Turns out in the world, today we generate something like 10 to the 23 or 10 to the 24. or bytes of data today, but the majority of the healthcare data is on the delivery side, not on the biology side. So 10 years ago, when we did the jeopardy system and all of the other AI's, in fact, I remember making all of the big decisions we made at IBM to acquire data, we were thinking about acquiring the delivery system data, which is the claims processing.

14:50And yes, there was a ton of image processing data, but that was still one modality of data. And it wasn't going deep into the biology. So what's changed in the last maybe five years is that we've started getting into the biology. And that I think is a game changer. Because you're now getting deeper and deeper, you're looking at what the cells are doing, you're looking at what the molecules within the cells are doing, you're looking at how the molecules are interacted with each other. you're looking at how the molecules from the microbes and the molecules from the human are interacting with each other.

15:23That data is relatively new and I'm happy to say, and in fact that was one of the reasons I decided to join Navin to start via is that we need to go deep into the biology. And in order to go deep into the biology, we need to collect massive amounts of data from a very broad population. Can't be just one segment of the population or the other segment. and it should be across the world, different demographics, different geography, and we need to get biological data, which we need to collect multiple samples from each human being in different parts of their body. That's what, you know, when we talk about top of the tube, bottom of the tube, around the tube, and so on, we wanna collect as much biological data and we need to make sense of the biological data.

16:07So that's what's changed in the last time. I get this, that access to robust data sets, connected to outcomes is the very first. The second question though, hasn't there been substantial increase in computational power per dollar that you can invest in this, right? And then the algorithms, I think about it, I think about its data, its computational speed, and its algorithmic improvements that are making this possible. Those are the three real elements. And I just want to make the point that in the last five years, there's been breakthroughs in all three areas. Right? In the data side, we got biological data.

16:53And this is absolutely critical because even today, a lot of people don't understand that without biological data, we cannot do much in, you know, really understanding. But on the algorithmic side, there's also been a breakthrough. There's been a breakthrough with this new transformer architecture, which has been the basis of all the generative AI. But that's one of actually multiple breakthroughs that are going on. And we can talk more about any of those things. And of course, and videos, chips, and its massive computational farms that are available. I don't think people realize that the kind of data of volume is collecting is not the data you get almost any place else.

17:32I mean, just to talk about this one second, you might typically go and get a genetic analysis of your stool sample. and what they're doing typically is looking at the DNA of the organisms that are there. And, you know, they'll say you have this organism, whether you have one copy or a trillion copies of that organism. And that, and all organisms are not the same, and they don't behave the same, but when you're actually looking at the RNA of the organisms, you're actually saying, well, these organisms are actually, have these genes turned on, and are processing this kind of food in this particular way, it is, it's like going from black and white to color when you're looking at this situation.

18:22So it's the first time really this depth of biological data for analysis has ever been possible. Navin, in our moonshots program, A lot of my focus here is helping entrepreneurs go big and to tackle huge problems. I just want to take a second and define Viom's actual moonshot. And then in a brief moment to talk about the arc of what you did here, because it's amazing. The entrepreneurial journey of where you started and where you've ended up. And then I want to come back to the AI of it all. So what is Vions moonshot if you're going to find that? Absolutely. One simple. I thought was what if and there's always every moonshot from what if?

19:15Yes, what if we can understand the changes in the human biology at the onset and during the progression of chronic diseases we should be able to prevent Stop the progression and God forbid outright reverse these chronic diseases using potentially the nutrition as a medicine. Because at the end of the day, there is no reason we should be thinking of food as a medicine. And that is a fundamentally a moonshot was. Can we actually use food as a medicine to change the underlying expression of both the human genes and microbial genes and bring the body back into homeostasis and understand what needs to be changed once we understand what changes when people have these diseases.

20:00Right? And that was our moonshot was fundamentally preventing and reversing chronic disease by understanding what happens at the onset and progression of Food be thy medicine is is dates back to ancient Greece. It's it's it's true fellow Greek And so what you know, it's interesting the origin story of a moonshot is always fascinating and I love your origin story in the labs of New Mexico. Do you mind just very briefly summarizing that? Because as people are listening to this, I want you to hear about the brilliance of what a moonshot entrepreneur does when they see something and go fascinating.

20:47I could build something from this. So take me back. So Peter, as I started, the ones we realized that it's not the DNA, it will have to be the RNA for us to solve this problem. And the question was how do we do the RNA analysis? As an entrepreneur, once we realize we have to do the RNA. And I first think what I went to NASA trying to figure out since they are going to the Mars, they must have obviously figured out what these organisms are doing. Turns out no. So when to all NASA headquarters in Houston, when to Kennedy Space Center, went to Lawrence Berkeley Lawrence Livermore and finally found the technology.

21:23And as most people who watch the movie Openheimer we realize that last almost national lab is really where the atomic bomb was developed. Even though it was called Manhattan Project, it was never done in Manhattan. It was definitely last album. Right? And to me, when we were there, we found that they were working on a next generation of technology to actually understand the bio -defense that what would we do if there was a bio -terror in our great country? How would we actually protect ourselves? We didn't care what organisms were there. are we cared about what they are producing so we can create an antidote for it.

21:58Right? And that fundamental technology was an RNA technology. Right. So just to just to slow this down a second. So you're shopping for technologies. And one of the things most people don't know is a number of our national labs and our government institutes are developing. They're doing lots of R &D. They're creating things and they sit on the shelf. They don't get commercialized. That's not their job. They aren't they aren't entrepreneurs. They aren't businessmen, they're researchers. And so here the Lawrence Livermore Lab is saying, you know, if we ever have a biodefense warfare, we need to understand what the weapon is and how it's impacting us.

22:39And DNA isn't gonna cut it. We actually need, because there's a lot of biodefense viruses, which are RNA viruses, and also how is it gonna affect you? So what they had developed in their lab, what a way of actually looking at the RNA expression in human cells, wasn't it? That's right. Both the biological, both the microbial cells, viral cells, fungi, anything. They didn't care. They needed to see what organisms were expressing and how it is impacting the human host, because that's how they needed to know what terror was being caused here, right? And that's literally. But Peter, I want to emphasize just one more thing.

23:20Every single one of these labs and every NASA, you can go to NASA website. They literally list down all the inventions that they have done that you as an entrepreneur can license it today. Amazing, amazing. And so what was the moment where you said, whoa, there is something valuable here that I could build a business on? So the minute we found that they were working on this technology that could analyze RNA. It's suddenly everything made sense. Now, if I can get access to this technology, we can create a great company. So point was the person who was a, you know, PI was a, you know, primary investigator, we actually convinced him that this is the way to change the humanity.

24:05And once he got on board, we able to get the license of this technology from last year almost two years. And that was a fundamental change. Once we did, our job as an entrepreneur was, how do we build this technology to be automated? How do we scale it? How do we create a massive amount of data set? And to do that, we realize, you know, most other entrepreneurs will say, oh, let's do a research on a color -actual cancer or pick a disease you want and we will spend collecting a million samples and cost a billion dollars and we'll go out and do that. We said, no, that is not how entrepreneurship is done.

24:41What if you can build a consumer product that is so good that every single person would want it. Oh my God. You're going into a B to C business. Going direct to consumer is epic. It is so hard. And you know, just talking to some friends here who said you built one of the most extraordinary direct to consumer brands and congrats. It is one of the hardest things to do, especially in the health space, to go at scale. So you've invested, I think it's like almost $200 million of capital that you've raised to build Viome Let's talk a little about what the what were the elements of the business that had to be built in order to get to where you're going And now of course with the most important part where guru is your guru is the AI of it all Yeah, so the first part was is making sure that we collect massive amount of phenotype data and massive amount of data.

25:43What is phenotype data? So basically every time you do a test, so it's called a full body intelligence test, you give us a sprit of your saliva, touch of your stool, four drops of your finger, prick blood, and now we do a complete RNA analysis. But we also ask you because we are making a recommendation for you. So the way it works is you give us the sample, we analyze the sample, we tell you what's happening in your body from your biological age. And I think Guru will explain to me, this is the best biological age to ever create it and we can go back and tell you why, right? Biological. Is it the best tool because it makes you to be really young in the pain?

26:22No. So it does not use one simple point of data. So people imagine biological age by looking at the telomere land. They look at some of the epigenetic marker. sure. But looking at 5, 10, 50 epigenetic marker, what if you look at all epigenetic marker, which is gene expression? So we literally look at everything, not just one thing. Everything that's happening and you saliva, everything that's happening and it's doing everything that's happening. And how old are you in the vein? How old are you in the vein on this epigenetic? I am chronologically 64 and biologically 50. Okay. All right. Well, I know you're also a teenager in many other respects too.

26:57There you go. So, people, so continuing on that part, idea was once you build this consumer tool that gives you biological A's, your cognitive health, your heart health, right, your gut health, your oral health, then we say this is what you need to do. Don't eat broccoli because your sulfide production is too high causing inflammation or you are trying to eat too much protein is not being digested, is being fermented by the microbes releasing ammonia causing you inflammation. So you need to take digestive enzyme with this protein if you're going to be eating it. Don't eat a spinach or kale because they are not being digested by your microbes because your oxalates are not being metabolized.

27:38Don't eat avocado because your uric acid production is too high. So now by doing that, we ask consumers, this even phenotype comes in, is every single symptom you have, every single disease you have, every single drug you are taking. And instead of asking you do you have a depression, we ask we have you run through all the pH Q9 questionnaires So we have a clinical goal data about your depression Similarly, we have you run through the questionnaire on IBD so chrome colitis IBS and we have these hundreds of these what I would call clinical questionnaire So we know exactly what is happening in your body and the reason you tell us is because this is what we use to make the recommendation so we are not interfering with your drugs we are not interfering with your any of the diseases you have so we are able to collect this massive amount of clinical data now we have all biological data and then we now tell you hey you also need 22 milligram of amylase everyday you need 19 milligram of lycopen everyday you need 17 milligram of elderberry everyday so we tell you every vitamin mineral herbs digestive enzymes amino acid probiotic prebiotic And Peter, the first time this is another thing I learned from you.

28:55Once you build AI and robotics, the robots don't care if you make the same thing million times or you make million times something totally different. And we actually implemented that and say, what if we can custom make the capsules for each individual every single month? Because we're going to have a robotic compounding pharmacy. It says this is coming for Peter Diamandis go to bin number seven get only two milligram Get to bin number eight get 18 milligram and then we make the powder shake the powder up Put them in a capsule put them in a sachet and literally Peter just like this here. This is made just for me and look at the date.

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29:36It's made 10 days ago So it literally just what you need nothing that you don't so So what I love about what I love about you done and I mean full disclosure my venture fund bold capital is an investor at every stage we're on the board of IOM and it's because I care about the company I care about you as an incredible moonshot entrepreneur and and someone who I care about deeply but I want those listening to to realize the journey you've been on in building building the components one at a time, building the brand, building the adjacencies, right, because and asking that what if question over and over and over again.

30:20And so understanding RNA and understanding first in the stool, but saying that's not enough, we now need to look at the oral microbiome and look at the blood and get a full picture. And once we have that full picture, when we start to understand what it is that is in dysbiosis or dis -ease, as you said, what can we provide to you and what you get on the app? And I've been to user. I probably it's time for me to do my next quarterly check -up in the total body intelligence here. But it's like, these are the foods you should eat. You know, the green light foods. This is yellow. This is red. This is what you should not eat.

31:02and then here's the supplements. And so, and I think one of the things that's important in health, and like I talk about this in fountain and in other companies, is the, is your constantly fine tuning, your body's always adopting and changing. And so this, this iterative cycle of fine tuning it, and making sure you understand, you know, I think the AI element of this has really... It's phenomenal. We were just about to get out of one of the only one more thing here about as an entrepreneur, the billions of what we did was we were moving towards our goal, but to get there, we couldn't have gotten there on day one.

31:45So this is really setting up the underlying framework and the data, right? Now, ultimate goal was to be able to diagnose the disease early, to be able to cure them by having the intervention. So we did supplements And then we say look we don't know how to adjust oral microbiome. So now we launch guess what the oral biotic speeder Right, so we just call now look at the name we are X volume prescription for your oral microbiome Personalize toothpaste to adjust your oral microbiome the reason we are doing it is to understand what is working and what is not working And when we make a particular change Does it change the disease or not?

32:27So now I don't want to say this but you understand now we are able to do the human clinical trial. Understanding the changes that are happening. So we say look These people have this thing and if we change this we believe the disease should go away and we change it and God when they do the test and we say look the symptoms are gone. Now we're not preventing any disease We are not curing any disease. We are not making any claims of doing it. But now we have a part of what changes using these Nutrition elements now based on all this data we collected then we utilize AI and then I want guru to explain the Billions of what he did is he's able to now look at all this data and say no, you know what?

33:13I mean we are able to detect stage one cancer in your mouth or throat This is so good we should take it to FDA and then we took to FDA FDA say this is such a breakthrough we received a breakthrough device designation from FDA for detecting the oral cancer and throat cancer for stage one cancer at 95 % specificity and 90 % sensitivity and Peter here's what I'm gonna ask you That's amazing. Yeah, here to think in 21st century Peter we can land on Mars and you know how we detect our cancer, your dentist rubs the finger on your gum, says I don't feel anything. So you're feeling the cancer in the 21st century is a standard of care.

34:00Yeah, no, it's pretty sad. So Guru, talk about how this data and the analysis and the feedback loop to actually know that that you're, what you're reporting, what you're finding is validated. Talk about that. Yeah. So, I have a concept in my head which I'd like to convey to your listeners, which is the concept of a digital twin. So imagine that every single person on the planet has a digital representation, which is kind of like a model of their biology. And it's not just, you know, one model, it's actually a collection of many models. You know, there's a model of what is going on in your mouth.

34:45There's a model of what's going on in your gut. In fact, there's many models, many algorithms that together forms a twin of you, Peter. Guru, before you got born, our Peter did that 15 years ago and he started a company that whole idea was to create a digital twin. So, my point is this is a biological, is this a biological digital twin? And if yes, I would like to know how far you come so far because I'm going to make the point that we've come the farthest actually presenting next week in a conference at the digital twin community in the US. And I would make the point that you cannot do a digital twin unless you get to the dynamic part of the biology, which is what you can get with RNA.

35:30So now I believe we have a digital twin and without a digital twin we would not be able to predict, I can ask the question, what is the glycemic response of Peter's digital twin to a piece of bread? Bless you. Thank you. To a banana, to a rice pudding, right? So I can ask all of these questions of the digital twin and I get back answers because I know what your digital You know, RNA expression is not only of the human cells, but also of the microbial cells. Number one, number two, I can then create these risk profiles. I can say, what is the risk of Peter to get diabetes down the road? What is the risk for Peter to end up with, you know, let's say, colon polyps?

36:21Or whatever else? I can ask all of these questions on the digital twin because I know what the dynamic biology is doing today. I can fast forward that or I can look at very large populations. I can ask these questions. That's number two. Number three, we can say what might happen to the digital twin if we were inter, you know, if you're providing an intervention and adding supplement A, B or C. What if I add more mutate? What if I add more anti -inflammatory or anti - you name it? So anti -insulin type of ingredients. Then I can see what's going on. So this is the point about experimentation. So when you have a digital twin that is true to the real person, then you can run these experiments digitally, figure out what's likely to work and then you can feed that back into the actual person.

37:22So those are the kinds of concepts that we've built. I get it, but there's another part which is super important that I really want to make sure is understood. It's the fact that when you have someone on the volume system providing the speedotypic data, asking these questionnaires and then taking the full body intelligence and then modifying their diet and then WashRinse repeat, you're getting a lot of closed loop data here. That's what I mean by experiments, yes. Which, and that longitudinal data is so fundamentally. So how many, how many members have gone through this so far, Navine, and how many, you know, longitudinal, how much longitudinal data do you have?

38:06Because that's got to be fine tuning the system. massive. So we have analyzed over 600 ,000 samples, collecting at 52 .55 quadrilion and there is a massive amount of longitudinal data from these people and we have in fact shown that when we tell you this is what your biological score is, in fact it is true. So in fact we do every time we do we reverse we do two things. If we tell you, for example, your butrate pathway is this and next time you say, hey, now this has gotten better or worse, then we should be able to say what other symptoms would have changed if it got better and we prove it. So we have proven that when we say your butrate score is high, that means lot of these symptoms should go down that would actually be impacted with a high butrate.

38:58And if they don't match, we say, look our algorithm is wrong, right? Same thing we do in terms of longitudinal data, then we say, hey, do these scores actually improve when we give them these nutrition? And Guru, if you, I don't know if it's okay to show slides or not, but unbelievable that in three to six months. Let me hit on a couple of points first. And that is someone who's used Vioam two years ago, right? And got data and said, okay, the day it did or didn't work for me, the food recommended didn't change or whatever. The system is is brand new right now, right? In other words, the system is constantly updating the more data you get, the more accurate it is.

39:46And so, and so, I like, how long has the whole body intelligence element been there? How long has that been? Yes, about two years. Two years. years. And then how often are the algorithms being updated? What do you say to somebody who was like, well, I tried a couple years ago, why should they try it again now? For two reasons, Peter. Number one thing is remember, we start with the end of millions to apply that to your biology based on the ecosystem, what we know, that based on other patterns, what should work for you. And then we go NF1. See, see, what's working on what's not working? Keep fine -tuning it for you.

40:32So the point is, even if it did not work for you two years ago, remember, first of all, we now have 10x more data points. So it may work. And secondly, by constantly allowing us to fine -tune, we are able to make it work just for you. So we say, oh, you know, our algorithms say that your butri should have been high and your I mean polyamine production was this and your production for butri's and was this you should have this should have worked But something about you did not work. Oh because we were not taking into account the LPS or the fledgler assembly Great now. We figured it out now. We apply that to everyone.

41:10So every Yes, we are constantly because yeah, so we can't be learning and we are also constantly running clinical studies. We are studying, we are doing studies with external populations, we are clinically validating it, we are incorporating the results back into our system and we are retraining our algorithms based on the learning from this clinical study. So it's happening multiple times every every year. You know, I'm super passionate about longevity and health span and how do you add 10, 20 health years on to your life. One of the most under -appreciated elements is the quality of your sleep.

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43:02It's transformed my sleep and will for you as well. Now back to the episode. So one of the things I've been so impressed by is the science, the science, the science, the publications, the work that you've done beyond just proving it to yourself, but going into peer review journals and getting FDA approval. Can you talk a little about the areas that you've been publishing in and the work that you've achieved and where you're going after FDA approvals. Let me take that. So the very first foundation was in the glycemic response area, Peter. And so all of the sugar response stuff, starting with just for foods and for supplements, but also for diabetic and pre -dibiotic situations.

43:52Then we went into a number of microbiome pathways. So we looked at the oxalate, the butorate, and the putricine pathways and so on. So we have a bunch of signs around that. Then we went into diagnostic biomarker. So we talked about the cancer biomarker, but we also have other biomarkers for IBD. We have it for every disease in the spectrum of the mouth like dysplasia, periodontitis and so on. For the gut, we have IBS. We have the precursors of coloital cancer, all of the full spectrum of all the things that happens in the gut And now we're getting to metabolic disease, we're getting into non -alcoholic fatty liver disease We're getting into autoimmune type diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and so on So we have these biomarkers and we have one by one we are publishing those and then finally we are doing this big Systems biology view of biological aging right knowing everything we know about you talked about them in this dynamic biology, digital twin of yours, we can ask the question, what is the correct way of thinking about this biological human being, which is what is the age of this person, and we have developed these models, we've just published it in iScience, and we'll continue to do this across the board.

45:11Navin, where are you going next with Vion? What is the next element of your moonshot here? or is it cancer detection throughout the GI track? Is it age reversal? Is it handling of all chronic diseases? Can you give me a sense of what you think is possible as you gather this data? So first of all Peter, you know, it was a consumer business is first of all is our way of getting to a person who has suffered so much from our current medical industrial complex. Because whether, you know, again, I'm not saying that people in the medical and industrial complex are bad people, but the incentives are not aligned with the human eye.

45:55It's insane. It is. I think my mission has been, I want to crush and reinvent healthcare and education. Both systems have misaligned in ten years. Absolutely. And I think, Peter, one of the things is that imagine no other industry benefits from keeping, is making you suffer, right? So in medical industrial complex, they only make money when you and I are sick. So your doctor makes money when you and I are sick. The hospital makes money when you and I are sick. Farmers, surgical company and no one makes money when we are healthy. Right. And the person who really wants to be healthy is the person who is suffering.

46:31So our thinking was why not go to the consumer. And this is by the Clinton Christians, instead of the same thing, you do not want to go head on with the system. You want to go around the system to the people. So we did the D2C to show people that they can actually become the CEO of their own health and Empowering them and they go to the doctor and say hey doctor. Can you explain to me this? Why aren't you doing something about this? So really creating that consumer push ask your doctor, right? So then doctor calls us and say what the hell is going on? How do I? How can I be part of this right?

47:06So our goal really is to do and then using food as a medicine both nutritional and otherwise and continue to personalize the product for you. So we did the thing for gut. We did the thing now for oral microbiome. So you oral lozanzis personalized toothpaste. It's skin microbiome. We are able to personalize skin cream for each individual. It's scalp microbiome. We can personalize the shampoo and conditioner for each individual. So really looking at personalization is one. But our ultimate goal really is find hard to detect diseases in the early stages while they are still extremely curable. And so we're really looking after the disease is that really have not been detected early, right?

47:49So the things that we went after oral cancer and throat cancer was because these are detected in stage three, stage four. And I say to say that a lot of these pan cancer tests that are out there and it's a great first step. But the problem is when you're looking for cell -free DNA like whether it is free, no more whether you looking at the grail. In stage one, they are just not enough self -redeionate stage one. So they get really, really good in stage three, stage four, but even for grail that stage one sensitivity is by the stage one sensitivity is 24 .1 % an average. That tells you something that when you get the negative result, it doesn't really mean much.

48:27And that's a fundamental problem we set out to solve because your RNA changes. Even before you develop a cancer, You can see in dysplasia, you can all like a pleasure something is changing in our any that is going to become a stage one cancer Right, so our goal is to look at cancer is obviously detecting them early and Peter I hate to say that this was driven. I lost my own dad to pancreatic cancer and today's Brutal disease and it's not detected in early stage and we are absolutely committed to solving this problem for everyone else. Nash Neffel is never detected in early stage, right? El Sima is really detected in early stage.

49:09Can we develop a early stage molecular biomarkers? Not someone's feeling, but early stage molecular violence. And that's really where we're going. And then using both the food intervention or working with our partners in the pharmaceutical companies to develop a vaccine or a drug to actually solve and cure the disease, not maintain or simply maintain the, suppress the symptom and maintain the disease. I am curious. You're a strict, are you vegan or vegetarian? Mostly vegan, I would say. Mostly vegan. And there's a debate constantly about whether I should be on a keto diet or a of vegetarian or vegan diet and so forth.

49:54If anybody's got enough data to talk about the impacts of one extreme or the other, it would be vioam. So what are you seeing? Well, first of all Peter, what we see is not what you wanna hear. What we see is all extreme or anything. Tell me. None of the extreme diets are good for you. So in fact, a keto diet ages you faster than anything else. Right? value diet does the same thing. And just because you're on a vegan diet, doesn't mean you are having healthy food. Almost all the poison comes from plant. All the drugs come from plant. The spinach may or may not be good for you. So fundamentally, the goal is to personalize to you.

50:37Just because it's worked for your wife or your neighbor doesn't mean it's going to work for you. I can't stress that enough, right? It's like these, all these diet books. I mean, I mean, I probably, there's more diet books printed than any other category of book out there. And it's one to many, they generalize this. But there are a few things that we know, right? Whole plants are important, minimizing sugar is important. But I sort of stick to a Mediterranean diet as best as I can. And I think Peter, it's not just Mediterranean diet. So there are some foods that are bad for everyone. So process foods are bad for everyone.

51:14They are sugar that's bad for everyone, but there is no such thing as universal healthy food There's a universal unhealthy food, but guess what some people is finished is going to call problem if they're not able to digest Oxley if they're gonna have a you know, turmeric can harm them. They have high bile acid, right? So point is you have to now you can hyper personalize for each individual and it's not just This is what I mean. I mean, yeah. If you don't mind, I wanna also say that it's, the same food can be bad for you one day and good for you six months later. And so on. So even for the same individual, you need to know when it's okay for you or good for you and it's actually desirable for you.

51:56So you wanna keep, you know, just like you're exercising and you know how you can handle, you know, various kinds of physical stress, you wanna be able to test yourself and know what you can eat on any given day. You know, I can't wait for Jarvis. I'm an Iron Man fan and Jarvis is my favorite vision of a copilot where it's through the day, it's been measuring everything on my body, in my body. And it's saying, no, stay away from that food, eat that food over there. And it brings, it closes the loop from a quarterly testing to constant testing. And we'll get there. We'll get there. So, Peter, actually, did you see the last movie that was his active visual home movie?

52:35There's in fact, they talked about Wyoming that movie. The literally says, good morning, Peter, you, everything is fine. We just, that you gut intelligence tests, you are, all of your food that you're eating are good. That's great. I love it. I do, do love that. So here's another question for you. You know, one of the challenges, of course, of measuring your full GI intelligence here is that you're measuring your stool sample, mostly from the large intestine and not from the upper intestine or stomach and so forth. So what do you, you know, is there an issue there of not being able to get the, you know, samples from the doggone and so forth?

53:21And answer to Peter is if we could do everything we should, but the point is we're trying to see if you can look at the top of the tube by looking at the auto microbiome. And in general, you we swallow about one and half liter of saliva in our stomach every day. Most of the time, these things will die in the stomach because of acidity. Unfortunately, too many of us are taking the anti acid drug like nexium. And now as you age, your hydrofark acid level goes down and you're not killing your oral microbiome. What happens when that happens? So, Peter some of these oral microbiome end up settling in your gut where they don't belong and for example, it's very a fuseobacterium nucleotum is an oral microbiome.

54:08When it settles in the gut, it's some of the convinced activity becomes high when it's to start to express some of the toxins like FAP2 or FDA2, then suddenly it starts to call cause inflammation in the gut. And that is IBS, IBD and colorectal cancer. Number one cause for colorectal cancer is a huge of activity later. You know, I just want to point out that that Naveen doesn't have a medical degree, but he probably knows more about medicine than I do at this point. You know, I keep on saying Naveen, you know, I've got international spacial diversity and singularity and if I could issue a medical degree I would give one to you, but I'm just blown away by what you learn.

54:53I want to just turn the subject slightly for a moment because listening to this obviously are a lot of individuals interested in their health and their longevity, but a lot of entrepreneurs looking to build successful B2C companies, consumer facing companies, what's your advice for an entrepreneur looking to build to a consumer facing company, what did you learn through this process? So I think Peter, one of the things that a lot of entrepreneurs go wrong is they start to focus on what would generate the most amount of revenue. And I think what I realized was if you focus on what would make the person better.

55:32That means making money is a byproduct of doing things that actually improve people's life. That means focus on what will improve your customers life every single day. And if you stay focused on that rather than trying to make it with bugs, you can create an amazingly great company. So we constantly focus on, would it actually improve people's lives? Would it actually improve their symptoms? Would they actually feel better? We do more survey on our customers than anyone else. Are they actually getting better? In fact, we published them on our webpage 84 % of the people tell us they're more than one of their symptoms actually got better which is to me is mind boggling these that people come to us and say this is what I came to why I'm for and they got better if not we want to understand what is it that we did not do right to make it better right so to me in the healthcare especially you have only one shot at making sure people trust you so in any business you can get away with lot more things in healthcare business, you have to build the trust that you're doing the right things by death, right?

56:38And you're going to still make mistakes, as you say, the things that we knew two years ago are different than we know today. So we could only make the decision based on based on the data we have at that point. As the new science is coming along, we ingest we did 20 ,000 latest research into our things, right? So as a new research comes out, we integrate that into our algorithm. No human being, no doctor would ever do that. Are AI -gun. I like to joke and say, listen, there were 5 ,000 medical articles printed or published in journals this morning. How many is your doctor read today? And that's literally the point is that, so to me, building your AI assistant.

57:18That's right. And I really think Peter, what I think use, and I want to acknowledge this, this company would not exist, but for you, Peter. I mean, watching, learning from you, learning what actually the human longevity actually this would have been their mission they set out to solve this problem and not going to go and you know saying but this is when I became the customer and you know I paid $50 ,000 we were super excited about solving this problem around longevity and we realized that it wasn't actually living up to it is potential we say you know what this problem is what solving and we're going to go out and solve this problem right and to me your encouragement and then as you see we have we have been friends for two decades now.

58:04I think you have had more influence on my life or more influence on our children's life than any living individual right. Thank you buddy. Uncle is doing unbelievable things thanks to you Priyanka is running a women's health company thanks to you I mean I need I mean you took all three of them under your wings and I want to acknowledge you how much I think you and a new, your DNA and your home and your tutelage had a lot to do with it. I was blessed to be able to mentor your three kids. And I really, one of the things I find a blessing is to share your thinking with the entrepreneurs here who are listening because you go deep and one of the you're a passion -driven individual.

58:56I mean you wake up with this in the morning and it carries you through the night and you're monomychal on this which is extraordinary. Which one it takes? This is literally what it takes and if someday if I could give you one advice that would be that. Focus. Focus on one thing that you're willing to dedicate your life to for the next 10, 15 years, dedicate your life to solving that one single problem that you wake up in the morning thinking about it, you know, go to sleep thinking about it, and you jump out of the bed every morning. Oh, I do jump out of bed. I do jump out of bed. What time do you get up in the morning?

59:34I was up in 4am. 4am, I was up at 5 .30. I was I was slacking in that. And what time do you go to sleep, pal? And not in the latest by night. No, yeah, and we've talked about sleep on and all of the elements and people don't realize the sleep is all about getting the quality of sleep and I think if may have few minutes here I could tell you that for me that longevity so just like the hierarchy of needs I have come up with this hierarchy of needs for longevity and there are five parts to it right one is nutrition Without proper nutrition, nothing matter. This is the base. You can have a Ferrari and you don't put the right fuel on your Ferrari.

1:00:18It is just not going to drive well. Once you get the nutrition right, the second thing you have to do is reduce the stress in your body. And here is what people don't understand. When you have a stress, your body is into fight -or -flight response. And when your body in the fight -or -flight response, you've all the non -essential system that body thinks are non -essential shut down. So your digestive system shuts down. Your immune system shuts down and that's the reason people who are stressed get sick more often. So what we do, some of us will say let's do the prayer before we eat. Let's go do the gratitude before we eat and the reason is so your body moves away from a sympathetic mode to pair a sympathetic mode so you can digest your food, right?

1:00:59But point is you have to fundamentally get rid of the stress. Stress was only when we evolved, was only when we were being chased by a tiger. And at that point, body says, look, you don't need to worry about digesting your food because you're going to be lunch for someone else. And that's the reason it does that. So to me, now we live in a society where the constant stress at work, your boss stresses you out. Sometimes when you go home, your spouse stresses you out, right? So we got to find a way to reduce that stress in your life. The third really is exercise. And I cannot emphasize, I'm not talking about you and I becoming a gym rat and pumping iron.

1:01:40But what I'm talking about is taking 60 minutes every single day to do both fast walking and building muscle. They just know alternative. You got to do some strength training and you got to do some movement. whether it is walking fast for 30 minutes, 45 minutes and getting it 20 minutes off. Even a body weight muscle training but you got to do that at least four, five times a day if you cannot get all seven days in a week, right? The fourth part is sleep and again the quantity of sleep is important but not as important as the quality of sleep. So even though I sometimes I get six hours of sleep, but I have managed to get two hours of REM sleep and two hours of deep sleep and I wake up really, really fresh.

1:02:31So it's really that is what you need to focus on is how much of REM sleep and deep sleep can you get. And what I found Peter, even if I take two sips of alcohol in the evening, my sleep is posted. If I eat after six period, my sleep is toasty, right? And so I tend to at least get three hours before eat no eating with three hours before I go to sleep. And these are the things and you need to figure out for yourself by measuring you know what is going on in your sleep. So I have Peter I use eight sleep I use orary I use also have a withings thing underneath me. I want to imagine my sleep every possible ways.

1:03:09I do the same. The fifth one is purpose. Finding the purpose in your life. People who live a life of purpose tend to live 10 to 15 years longer than the people who have no purpose. And finding your MTP as Peter would say, if you have not done that, that's the first thing because that will allow you to live longer, healthier and actually push the humanity forward. That will bring the joy in you, that will reduce your stress. And if you can't find your MTP, Peter, if I may say so, there is no better place than go to abundance and joint -peaters abundance thing and come on back. Peter, I have benefited more from that and a platinum trip.

1:03:51Taking your children, not just yourself, take your spouse and take your family, having those conversations at dinner so you don't sound like an alien when you have those conversations. People that you collect with, so you are able to have intellectual discussion. Even with Neal, Peter, I sit down with Neal and I explain what I'm doing and And he would say, but Dad, you forgot to look at this peptide. That is the conversation you want to have. It's a beautiful conversation. I would like everyone who's listening to it to take their themselves, their spouse and children to abundance and platinum.

1:04:26There is no better way to actually educate yourself, find your purpose and do something about it. Thank you, buddy. I do appreciate it. Abundance 360 comes from my heart. And it's an amazing, amazing community. It's the highest level for singularity university. I'd like to spend a little bit more about the platinum flip as well, because I know I'm going to be speaking there in the next few days into a couple of weeks. Oh, yes. That is another unbelievable proof. Yeah, well, it's not for everybody, but it's amazing. Every year I take 80 people, 40 in September and 40 in October. We go to the West Coast one year, to the East Coast the next year.

1:05:06we visit the top 50 scientists, entrepreneurs, CEOs, who focused on extending the human lifespan. This year we're in Cambridge in Boston, New Hampshire with Dean Kamehman and New York. Next September and October, we'll be doing the trip in San Diego and San Francisco. Yeah, and that's the platinum longevity trip. I mean, I believe people, anyone who can actually do that, I would say highly recommend they go there with their children and spouse. Everybody want to take a short break from our episode to talk about a company that's very important to me and could actually save your life or the life of someone that you love.

1:05:44Companies called Fountain Life and it's company I starred years ago with Tony Robbins and a group of very talented physicians. You know, most of us don't actually know what's going on inside our body. We're all optimists. Until that day when you have a pain in your side, you go to the physician and they burn and they say, listen, I'm sorry to tell you this, but you have this stage three or four going on. And, you know, it didn't start that morning. It probably was a problem that's been going on for some time, but because we never look, we don't find out. So what we built at Fountain Life was the world's most advanced diagnostic centers.

1:06:22We have four across the US today, and we're building 20 around the world. These centers give you a full body MRI, a brain, a brain vasculature, an AI -nabled coronary CT looking for soft plaque, dexascan, a grail blood cancer test, a full executive blood workup. It's the most advanced workup you'll ever receive. 150 gigabytes of data that then go to our AIs and our physicians to find any disease at the very beginning. When it's solvable, you're going to find out eventually. Myzl will find out when you can take action. Found Life also has an entire side of therapeutics. We look around the world for the most advanced therapeutics that can add 10, 20 healthy years to your life.

1:07:06And we provide them to you at our centers. So if this is of interest to you, please go and check it out. Go to fountainlife .com, backslashpeter. When Tony and I wrote our New York Times bestseller, Life Force, we had 30 ,000 people reached out to us for Found Life memberships. If you go to foundlifed .com, backslashpeter will put you to the top of the list. Really it's something that is for me one of the most important things I offer my entire family, the CEOs of my companies, my friends. It's a chance to really add decades onto our healthy life spans. Go to foundlifed .com, backslashpeter. It's one of the most important things I can offer to you if one of my listeners.

1:07:53Alright, let's go back to our episode. So, Paul, and Guru, I want to dive into the future five to 10 years from now. I'd like to shift the conversation because I'm in the middle of writing my next book, Scaling Abundance. It's the follow on from my first book, Abundance 10 years ago. What a great book, you know, what a great book. Thank you. I loved it. And the story's gotten so much stronger. And I'm in the midst right now of writing the chapter about AI human collaboration in different areas and in particular medicine. And I mean, chat GPT passing the US Medical Licensing Exam last February was like amazing.

1:08:37And it's gotten even more amazing. But I'd like to dive five to ten years from now. It's talking a little bit about what you imagine is going to be possible. So what is medicine and healthcare going to look like? It's non -linear, it's not just doing more of what we got right now. There's going to be some reinventions. Guru, do you want to take a second? What's a vision? Are we going to have doctors? Are, you know, is you're, I'm guessing your AI is going to be your diagnostician. AI -driven robotics will become your surgeon. We're going to be constantly updating you on, you know, Peter, you've got 30 minutes in your schedule, you know, drop and give me 50 push -ups or stay away from that, you know, that Apple Pie in front of you.

1:09:29Give me some concrete examples of what you see coming and possibly when. Yeah, you know what my dream is that we are going to have an angel on our shoulder who is always sort of whispering in your ear and Saying what is the right thing to do at every point in time where you have to make a decision? You know what you want to eat where you know how much you want to walk or not walk you how much you know how you're sleeping Etc. All of those five things that the video is talking about you know don't get stressed You know because of that conversation do this you know in order to de -stress right? So imagine an angel on your shoulder or since we have so much integration, somebody speaking through your headphones or maybe a neural chip or some kind of...

1:10:25Actually, I want to go step further here. I really think it will change your brain, Peter. So you won't even want it. I mean, the fundamental thing is what we are learning that even what's surprising Peter, I don't know if you saw the latest research that came out on GLP1, it is actually reducing the people's desire to drink alcohol, the addiction. So think about it. They're able to fundamentally change the addiction. So what if that thing is constantly not only reminding you but changing your brain to say, I don't want sugar, it makes me sick. I'm not going to eat this because it's making me sick.

1:11:02And every part, everything around you is going to be collecting data. Your mirror is going to be collecting data. You're toilet, you tiles, you wake up, it knows what time you woke up, it's analyzing your sweat. It knowing exactly the way you are walking, you say, Peter, looks to me, you're not feeling well. The way you speak, you're voicing, being analyzed everywhere. we are literally all these data is being collected. It will automatically order the food for you and you refrigerate a based on what is good for you. Yeah, let me just make sure that again, we don't get stuck with the external factors, right?

1:11:35I wanna go deep into the biology, right? I think we need to be measuring what's going on in the biological processes within a body, which means that we are gonna have a variety of, you know, think of it as nanobots if you will, right? We already today have, you know, CRISPR -based machines that are doing making changes within your body, but I mean maybe not 10 years, maybe in 20 years, I definitely think that we will be able to have molecular machines. That will be able to do. Yeah, I actually, on this upcoming platinum trip, we're going to see out of the media lab an amazing entrepreneur has built these, these, their subcellular machines are smaller in the red blood cell that can go and implant themselves along the arterial system, the brain, and can polarize and depolarize can go to different tissues.

1:12:28And so they're here. They're just not evenly distributed yet. I agree. And you know, today in Wyoming are just measuring the, you know, let's call them the non -invasive samples. But you know, in some way, if we can demonstrate the safety of these molecular machines, I think we can get the deepest possible insight into the biology internally. And of course, all the external factors that we all know we can gather data. And that's the only way that you can get the systems biology picture of the world, right? And one last thing I want to also mention is Peter, one of your recent emails talked about experimentation.

1:13:05I just want to, you know, shout out that the reason experimentation is so important is because we need to get to the causality, right? AI has for very, very long including the latest generation, generative AI and so on, right? They're mostly statistical machines which are looking at correlation, but we need to get past that, we need to get to causation. The only way we can do that is by experimenting with biology and with experimenting with behavior and so on and so forth. So the next generation of AI has to focus on causality. That's really the transformation that has to happen within the theme, so to speak.

1:13:43A guru, since we're there, what's your opinion about when we will reach or exceed human level AI? I'm taking a poll these days on all the AI experts I'm speaking to. Do you have an opinion on that? I definitely do. I give the stock about, you know, called the 100 years of vicissitude, which is I traced the path from 1950 to 2050 and I decided to start in 1950 because that was when Turing first put out the Turing test, right? And I picked 2050 because I think there is a 50 % chance of getting to human level AI by 2050. That's my current position. Okay, so you know, he's an expert. I think he's too pessimistic.

1:14:34I think he's an expert. Someone who can tell you exactly how something can't be done. Naveen, are you in the Ray Kurzweil camp of 2029 or the Elon camp of 2027? So I think honestly, it is, I think it may be too soon there, but by 2035, I really believe we get there. So the next 10 to 12 years, we really, really get to the human level AI. And maybe in 2045, we get to the, you know, a much... So what happens to, so right now I did this, I looked at this other day, I said, how many years has it taken to become a specialist? It's about, about 16 years become a medical specialist between college, medical school, internship, residency, fellowship, and it can cost you, you know, anywhere between a half a million to a million dollars in educational fees, it's a lot.

1:15:24What's gonna happen to medical professionals and nurses and the healthcare coaches a decade from now when we've got human level AI, and it's a better, isn't a better doctor than your doctor? What do you think? The answer is, from a technically, there's no doubt in my mind, because no humans has a processing power to address, you know, to read 52 quadrillion biological data. And they just can't, they can't read 5 ,000 research papers every day, and AI can't. So technically it is going to be there. The question you still have to ask yourself is in terms of human evolution, it can technology be there, yes, but would humans evolve to actually trust that and be able to have a same feeling of trust and empathy that they would have from other human beings?

1:16:14So I think the evolution of humanity, which is our wet body, I don't think is gonna keep up with the technology and the nurses and the doctors and the health coaches that are going to become that person who are going to be able to give you that comfort touch you on your back and say Peter you're going to be okay. I have the right plan for you. But are we going to invest a million dollars and 15 years to be coached by AI? They help coaches. They become primarily health coaches driven by AI. So they're going to take the AI and they're going to actually become the 3D hologram that are biological body trust, right?

1:16:56So in some sense we need another person because we as humans are not going to evolve fast enough to trust something that we can't see or know and not look into their eyes in the same way that we do in person's eyes. So I think it's really a question of biological evolution rather than technological evolution, if you know what I mean. I will assist aside, I think it's a side of evolution and psychological evolution, right? I mean, there is a point at which, you know, I joke about this that in the, you know, if you need a surgeon today, there's one question you ask when you're interviewing surgeons.

1:17:33You know what it is, Navine, don't you? How many times did you do the surgery this morning? So the frequency with which a surgeon has done a particular kind of surgery and appendectomy, the umitral heart developed is how, because they've seen so many different variations of that. But there will be a point in the future where AI -driven robots are doing those surgeries. And of course, if there's a million robots out there doing surgeries, if one robot sees a particular case that has all the robots learn from it. And so there will be a point when if you need a surgery and you're in the hospital and you see that human surgeon walking towards you, you're gonna go, oh no, no, no, I do not want that human touching me.

1:18:13I want the robot that's done it a million times this morning. But you may want that person to walk in and say, hey, that robot is updated as of the last nanosecond with all the latest information. That may be something you may want to hear. Sure. Sure. So I do believe that medicine is going to become massively transformed. I also think just like Google for the poorest child and the wealthiest child in the planet is identical. It's not a little bit better for Larry Page's kids, right? It's the same. And I do think we have the ability to massively demonetize and democratize health care, where health care for the poorest child and the wealthiest child is the same.

1:18:55Do you agree with that? I think it's going to, I mean, once it moves into preventative, right? Then, you know, health care as, you know, as we think of it today is just, it's just not going to exist in most ways. You know, we want people to be in the, you know, you'd not be going to the surgeon's operating room, you know, as often as we could, we would go today, right? Good lesson and lesser to the point of going to the zero. We need if you do, because people do stupid things, and I think we as humans would continue to do stupid things, like driving our own cars and getting hit ourselves. Yeah, I get lesser and lesser, right?

1:19:29The point is that, you know, you want to keep people in the wellness sphere, not, you know, never, never, you know, get them into the sickness. Yeah. I'm, I'm just trying to understand, you know, do you, do you tell your kids who are in high school right now to go become a doctor, right? Go become a, no, no. So Peter, I have told all of our kids, as you know, that I believe even the safest thing used to be computer programming. And as you know, now that that's, that is going to be gone. Right. No, no. Computer science is also, it's totally twisted. So to me the best thing you can do is to be an entrepreneur who takes the latest technology and finds what can you do to make human life better with this technology.

1:20:14So every one of the humans is actually going to become an entrepreneur and that is going to be the safest skill that is applying the technology to a specific problem. And they're going to be hallisontal players and there won't be a deep vertical players who are going to just constantly slice and dice them in different ways. Well, I would respectfully argue that entrepreneurs by themselves are not going to be enough. And I would say that you need the scientists and technologists who are developing new, I mean asking the kinds of questions about whether the world, whether it's biology or the universe.

1:20:53right? There are too many questions that I don't believe that AI would be asking all the right questions, all the time it would be based on the kinds of questions that human asks that goes deeper and deeper as well as broader and broader. So I think you need the two types of people and the broad entrepreneurs are taking the innovations that come from the deep thinkers and putting them together to solve problems? Well, you know, I define a entrepreneur as a person who finds a juicy problem and solves it. And so the more entrepreneurs, the more problems get solved, the better the world gets. And we do need scientists, you know, Elon's x .ai when he's looking at building a line AI with humanity, his number one sort of metric for alignment is curiosity creating AI's that are super curious and I love that I love that description.

1:21:47So Peter the three types of people in the world people who find problems they are human beings people who solve the problem they are the scientists and the inventors and people who solve the problem are entrepreneurs so to me that's how I define it. Yeah that's good let me bring it back full circle to to Vioam. You know the the reality is Because the more we are understanding the human body, the more we're realizing how massively complex it is. And I think I have gotten such an extraordinary respect for the microbiome, oral nasal, you know, your whole GI system here. It is an interplay that most people don't realize.

1:22:37I mean, there have been a lot of papers out recently that say, oh, you know, if you Google, you know, Alzheimer's and microbiome, Parkinson's and microbiome, depression and microbiome, you're getting incredible published science in these areas. Yeah. Yeah. So was there anything that shocked you? You know, we did every day. Every year, a couple of years. People were thinking, we were crazy thinking, talking about microbiome. Not only every day they are 10 to 20 research papers showing every single disease from addiction pick a name You want cancer and microbiome cancer therapy and microbiome is literally paper now lady Gaga is talking about gut microbiome That's where you know you have Singing lady Gaga is singing about the gut microbiome.

1:23:27Oh my god That's like that just tilted me all right, so I am curious One of the things that I am working on right now, and I do need to do my whole body intelligence test again. So I need to literally order it right now, because I am working on trying to get my gut back in order with the appropriate prebiotics. What's that? After the antibiotics you took. Yeah, after the antibiotics I took, right. To get, and it's prebiotics and probiotics and so forth. So, if someone feels like they have some dysbiosis, if there's like their gut isn't what it should be, because you've got all kinds of things like leaky gut, you've got your food allergies that develop as a result of that, you've got the wrong kind of flora and the wrong part of your, it's not just taking X -lax anymore, right?

1:24:31It's like, it's a complicated feel. So one of the thing is people are doing these things and hurting themselves. I mean, did you see the research people that this really shocked me? There is shortage of laxatives in the market. You cannot buy laxatives and drug stores anymore. You know why? That three reasons people are why it's happening, which is my boggling to me that why people are doing it. Number one is obviously people are eating really processed foods and all the shitty food that causing constipation. Number two is people are taking these drugs like osempic and manzaro and the way they work is obviously they slow down the food You're the juicist one, yeah, I'd like to make you feel full right so that causes constipation and people are using the lexatives now like another The food disorder instead of throwing up from the front door.

1:25:18They're throwing up from the back door So literally they eating the shitty food and taking lexatives, right? But the point I'm gonna make is be right coming back to what you're saying is that we have don't wait until you see the symptom to see if you've got microbiome is okay. Because by the time you see the symptom, this has been around for 10 years. So by the time you've developed diabetes, your had diabetes in so high insulin for the last 10, 15 years. By the time you see the first symptom of Parkinson's being in your gut for 15 years. I do think if you're listening and you haven't tested your microbiome, if you haven't gone through to look at what's going on there.

1:26:01There definitively is good and bad gut flora, 100%. And you might find things that are really problematic, that of a high correlation with cancer or various neurological cardiovascular diseases, right? I mean, one of the things is your mouth flora can get very quickly to your brain. It's like right there. It does, it's a night, so two problems. They are just like a leaky gut. If you have leaky gums, guess what happens? Identical. Your oral microbiome is going into your blood and you know, a lot of people. So only one thing Peter, I want to correct you. It is not a good microbiome or a bad microbiome.

1:26:40It is a good behavior or a bad behavior. So same organism like P ginger wireless. 88 % of us have a P ginger wireless in our mouth. Only about 15 % of the people when it starts to produce ginger pain is when it becomes virulent and toxic, right? So you want to look at is it actually commensal or is it become pathogenic, right? And by looking at RNA we can say this P -Ginja virus is totally fine, leave it alone, or it has turned toxic, we need to do something about it and same thing in the gut. So it's really the behavior as Gandhi says, banish the sin, not the sinner. Yeah, I love that. So once you get your results, let's talk about how you're empowered, what levers you can move to try and bring things back, And how long does it take to really move the needle on getting your gut flora, your oral flora back?

1:27:47So we've seen Prytics 4 to 6 months to get your basically back into the order. Again, depends on where you start. If your starting point is really, really bad, it may take you here. But generally 4 to 6 months is a good place to start. Actually, our latest study shows that even at 3 months, beyond three months, you start seeing an impact in the effect, not less than three months, but more than three months, yes. And typically, in what if you're on the violin plan right now, you're testing every quarter. Every four, we rip when every four to six months, if you can afford every three months, that's what we should do.

1:28:24If you can't, at least do every four to six months. Twice a year, okay, got it. And so you get the results back. And what are the levers you can move? We said number one food, right? You can stop eating this and start eating that. That's right. But even the quantity so we can say, hey, eat more of this less of this or don't eat this at all. Right. And the second lever is really about nutrients because they go hand in hand when you have a Serious issue with your gut lining you cannot just simply say it's gonna take too long Let's need to put the bandaid first before we can stop the bleeding, right?

1:28:58So we say here's a butreats you need here is you know actual nutrients you need to at least get your body into the place So, getting the right supplements which are personalized to you, getting the right probiotics and prebiotics, one of the bad thing people do Peter is, right after antibiotics, they take probiotics and take a lot of probiotics. And that is actually, despite what experts tell you, that's a bad advice. And here's why. So because when you have taken antibiotics, you're basically wiped out most of your microbiome. And when you take probiotics, you're basically taking 456 screens and they literally take over your gut and nothing else will settle down because now they have too much of that.

1:29:38And now they become any point of time when there is too many of them, they start to basically there is no more diversity that can be done. So the best thing to do after antibiotics to eat very different types of fermented food. Take kombucha, take pickles, take you know kimchi, take kaffir, take yogurt, take as many different type of fermented food, so build the diversity of that and then start taking probiotics and prebiotics to make sure that you continue to build the diversity or else you lose the complete diversity there. Yeah and another thing I would add here is that we have built this sort of a virtuous cycle so to speak.

1:30:17So like experimentation cycle that in fact accelerates this process. As more people do longitudinal analysis, we can see what is working and and adjust all of these things better and better to individual biology. And we are constantly doing that both with external clinical studies, as well as our own internal studies that are improving these randomized, controlled trials. So, Gour, you wanna talk about the latest study we just published on depression on how that, people who had high depression, 74 % of the people, their high pH Q9 came down to low or no depression compared to the control for 14 .9 % people.

1:30:57Think about that. No drug would ever do that. What we did was simply with food and supplements. Amazing. Let's talk about timeline one second. So if you go to biome .com, you order a kit, you get it a couple of days later, I assume. When you and you're gonna provide a, you're gonna spin into a tube, you're going to do a finger blood prick, you collect a little bit of blood and stool. And you send that in, how long does it take to process that information? 10 days. So 10 days later, you get in your app, it complete insights into the thing. At each person's feeder, we analyze not 20 biomarkers like from your blood test, you will get the lipids and this.

1:31:44We are analyzing 20 million biomarkers to tell you what is happening in your body, right? 20 million that's amazing yeah that's it's crazy all right all right um and then you get to get your probiotics prebiotics for your gut which look just like this um and then you get your supplements and then you get your oral lozanzis and very soon you'll be able to get your personalized toothpaste or oral lashinges or what what's in there so they are basically our probiotics prebiotic post -biotics and all of this herbs and I need that. I need to get a hold of that and I will. Absolutely. Where do Navin, you're on Twitter, on Instagram.

1:32:31What are your handles? I'm really good at Instagram and LinkedIn. Find me on Instagram. Find me on LinkedIn and find me on Twitter. I don't know what Twitter is, but I'm actually. Okay. Oh, that's not. All right. Is it just at the end? at Navin Jane. You can find me at Navin Gen CEO on Instagram or LinkedIn or you know okay and for the volume just volume .com. Here's the deal guys at the end of the day do you really know what's going on inside your body and and my guess is that you don't and you can and if you can why would you not want to why would you not want to know if you should be choosing peppers or broccoli.

1:33:17You may think you're eating healthy and you're not. At the end of the day, as well, understanding what's going on inside your body, we are a massive 40 trillion human cells and on the order of 100 trillion microorganisms. It's a dance that we're just now able to understand using AI and massive data. So my recommendation is listen, if you're a great shape, if you feel great, if you've done something else fantastic, if you're curious, check it out. One of the things that I'm so pumped about Navine and Guru is the science in tech you're into the table at lightning speed. Thank you for all of your hard work.

1:34:08So, so grateful. So, so grateful. I'm so thankful to you and grateful to you for continuing to guide us. More importantly, continuing to guide the humanity from your education, your purpose, brings joy to my life that you do this out of sincerity to help millions of people live a better life. Your podcast, I mean, it brings people together, gives them information, they won't get anywhere. So all I can say is Peter, please keep doing what you're doing. You're making a real impact on people's lives. Thank you, buddy. Thank you so much. Yes, Peter, I can tell you that you've changed my life as well.

1:34:43A lot of your articles, blogs, everything else you do has just made a tremendous difference. In my life and in my families, overall trajectory, I would say. So it's been tremendous. Thank you, gentlemen. A real pleasure. excited to have you. We'll come back together in a year and see what the data is telling us and Navine. I'll give you a call once I get my gut intelligence by full -body intelligence back and I happen to know the CEO so I'm going to get a quick detailed rundown with you. Dr. Jane. All right, a pleasure. Love to your family. Take care. Thank you. Bye everybody.

1:35:34And Doug, here we have the Lemo Emu in its natural habitat, helping people customize their core insurance and save hundreds with Liberty Mutual. Fascinating. It's accompanied by his natural ally, Doug. Uh, Lemo, is that guy with the binoculars watching us? Cut the camera! They see us! Only pay for what you need at LibertyMutual .com Liberty Liberty Liberty Liberty Liberty Savings vary under it and by Liberty Mutual and Churns Company and Affiliates excludes Massachusetts.

From the publisher

In this episode, Peter, Naveen, and Guru discuss the importance of asking unique questions to solve massive problems, particularly in the realm of chronic diseases and healthcare. They emphasize the need to understand not just human DNA but also the expression of genes and the role of the microbiome in human health. 

18:07 | Eating as Medicine for Health

28:46 | Early Detection of Oral Cancer

01:22:35 | The Dangers of Gut Imbalance

Naveen is a serial entrepreneur and philanthropist driven to solve the world's biggest challenges through innovation. As the founder of Viome, Moon Express, World Innovation Institute, TalentWise, Intelius, and Infospace, Naveen is an intensely curious entrepreneur who is focused on audacious ideas that push humanity forward. He is the author of the award-winning book, Moonshots: Creating a World of Abundance, the creator of Mindvalley, Masterclass programs, and behind XPRIZE, a global future positive movement, and on the board of Singularity University.

Guruduth Banavar, known as Guru, is a recognized leader in Artificial Intelligence. He is currently the Chief Technology Officer at Viome, where he leads AI and co-leads clinical research. Before joining Viome, Guru was leading the team that created IBM Watson, a gold standard in artificial intelligence. His work at IBM Watson was focused on augmenting the human capacity for complex thought with artificial intelligence.

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