Sam Altman on Codex 5.3 Launch, Anthropic's Sholto Douglas, Alphabet Beats Q4 Estimates | Sam Altman, Sholto Douglas, Daniel Barcelo, Mandy Fields, Ivan Burazin, Scott Rogowsky

24:57They get to take a little bit of a victory lap there. Yeah. So in that sense, criticism is fair. Anyway, before we move on, CrowdStrike. Your business is AI. Their business is securing it. CrowdStrike secures AI and stops breaches. So Claude also announced a new model from Anthropic, of course, introducing Claude Opus 4.6. We have Sholto coming on the show at 12.30 to discuss that. They say it's the smartest model and it got an upgrade. Opus 4.6 plans more carefully, sustains agentic tasks for longer, operates reliably in massive code bases and catches its own mistakes. It's also our first Opus class model with a 1 million token context window in beta.

25:39Very exciting. They put the model card together. They did particularly well. what was the what was the benchmark that stuck out to you Tyler you said yeah I think it was Arc AGI V2 it's now at like 69 % I think previous was I believe it was 5.2 which was at I want to say 55 around so like pretty sizable upgrade but I mean with these things it's always so hard to tell like it's really just like qualitative differences at this point where the models are like you have to use it for like an hour or two and then you can kind of tell what the differences are Yeah, and also in new contexts. In terms of just the vanilla, go and ask a question, it's been able to get you a pretty good answer for years now.

26:23But it hasn't been able to go and pull a bunch of financial data together, fact check it all, put it in an Excel sheet, this is what they're pushing, and this is what Clouseau Investments is so excited about. but ooh, says Clouseau. Anthropic updates AI model to field complex financial research. So Opus 4.6 is designed to carry out financial research and other work-related functions. The company's expansion into new areas, including legal service, has rattled Wall Street and sparked concerns about which companies and services will be disrupted by AI. The SaaSpocalypse is upon us. We will be asking, Sam Altman, is software dead?

26:58Or is it going to come back? Are we back? Who knows? Claude 4.6 Opus is still best, it still has the best SVG results out of all the models, just incredibly high taste says Lisan Al-Ghaib, and these are some pretty beautiful pictures. Are you familiar with SVG programming? So you basically, you draw each square and line in code, so you have to say, I want a square that goes from this pixel to this pixel to this pixel to this pixel, and you add and layer all those up. It can be extremely time-consuming if you do it by hand, but Claude can just sort of one shot it and it looks pretty beautiful. On brand.

27:34It's an interesting benchmark because this isn't something you'd necessarily ask. These are not generative images in the diffusion sense. This isn't the mid journey model. This isn't what Sora uses. This is a different thing asking the model to basically write code that generates an image. So it really has to understand the back and forth between what it's building. So cool benchmark. I like that. I enjoyed that. I also like the New York Stock Exchange. Do you want to change the world? raise capital at the new york stock exchange then as easy as that anyway the anthropic handle being owned by a guy who only posts his favorite form of ai say wordles he only posts wordles oh and he just has adanthropic that's very funny from paula rambles um so this is a strange thing with with x yes have policies around their handles that they really stand by in that uh ramp is at ramp is not owned by ramp at anthropic is not owned by anthropic yes and when you look at the accounts you think is this really the best use yes of a handle like this paul comparison paul uh jankura who is at anthropics is emphatically not an ai company ohioan liberal bookworm newshound cle spritz anglophile if he's a bookworm if he's a bookworm he probably loves sitting on the anthropic handle given that anthropic has been chewing through some books.

29:01Much like a worm. We didn't get to that article. You've got to feed Claude. It's okay. The book's got to feed. And they have to... This is actually potentially bigger than the water thing. It's just so visceral. People love books and watching them be destroyed. Yeah, if you didn't see anthropic destroyed... Yes, I agree. But people don't like destroying books. They're sensitive about that. The very funny thing is that Paul, at Anthropic on Twitter, on X, has migrated to Blue Sky for many things. But he didn't get the Anthropic handle on Blue Sky. He's Anthropic 42 over there. So shoot him a follow if you're hanging out looking for Wordle progress.

29:43People are playing around with the nominative determinism. Yes. Say Google's CEO is named Pichai. His purpose is to pitch AI. Dario's last name is literally AI model. Maybe I should change my name to PitchMongoDB. John PitchMongoDB. Choose a database built for flexibility and scale with best-in-class embedding models and re-rankers. MongoDB has what you need to build what's next. Dylan Patel is sharing some data. He says 4 % of GitHub public commits are being authored by Cloud Code right now. at the current trajectory, we believe that Cloud Code will be 20 % of all daily commits by the end of 2026.

30:24That feels low to me. I was expecting 99%. I think the way you can see this is because whenever you actually do a commit with Cloud Code, it adds itself. There's a ton of people that are using Cloud Code, but then not attributing back to Cloud. We also have some news. Doug O 'Loughlin from Semi Analysis will be joining the show tomorrow to break down Claude Code. We might have to pull him out of his psychosis. He is addicted to Claude Code. He's running multiple instances at all times and has updated his profile picture in the semi-analysis Slack to reflect his devotion to the show goth, I suppose.

31:07Anyway, so OpenAI unveils Frontier, a product for building AI co-workers. This is in the Wall Street Journal and OpenAI also posted about it. The new platform launched amid market fears over AI's disruption to software is aimed at helping businesses develop AI agents that work alongside humans. And so there are some interesting questions here about - Think of these as like AI coworkers that are actively trying to take your job. Like they're trying to help, but they're also like, they want your title, they want your comp. They want to learn everything about what makes you great. Or maybe they're just trying to empower you, Jordy.

31:42Maybe they're just trying to make you a better you. I don't know. Maybe they're just coming over, just cracking jokes, trying to distract you. Yeah. While learning so that they can take you back. They can literally do both. They can literally do both. Before we dive into this, let me tell you about Restream. One live stream, 30 plus destinations. If you want to multi-stream, go to Restream.com. So Frontier works with OpenAI's previously announced AI agent building tools and makes it easier for businesses to combine sources of data that agents need to perform tasks, the AI company said. The agents will be able to process information from various sources and complete tasks like working with files and running code, OpenAI said.

32:18So no more copy-paste everything into your chat GPT enterprise edition. It should have access to your network, plug into all your different systems. You'll be able to write API bindings, I imagine. And there might be some forward-deployed engineers or some associates from OpenAI that are helping you actually onboard fully to the agentic workflows that have been promised. Yeah, they're hiring how many consultants to help with this go-to-market? They are hiring hundreds of AI consultants to boost enterprise sales. There we go. This is information. Job creation. Yeah. This is a great gig. I would highly recommend jumping on this if you're in this market.

32:58OpenAI is hiring hundreds of new staffers to expand a technical consulting team that helps large corporations develop custom AI applications and agents to automate employee tasks, according to a person of knowledge. with the company's plans. The hiring effort could help it beat back a competition from arch-rival Anthropic, which has also upped its game in catering to enterprises. It comes as OpenAI prepares to launch a new enterprise offering that would unify businesses' efforts to use AI. The ChatGPT maker is expanding its number of technical consultants, also known as forward-deployed engineers, who can customize OpenAI's model using a client's own data, a person said.

33:35These engineers can, for example, help T-Mobile develop AI to respond to customer service requests or help Intuit provide its customers with tax preparation services. So you have all this data. You want to do long context reinforcement learning on it. Long context reinforcement learning has been very, very successful in the coding world because Git has a complete history of every line of code that's been written, every comment, why it happened. You have this perfect record of everything that happened when you built a piece of software. And there's a ton of open source repositories. You can download all of GitHub, basically, and see how software is developed.

34:09So you can train the model on that. Well, you can't really get the same level of free data with enterprises. A lot of this data is locked up, and a lot of it's specific to a specific business process, business. Yeah, let's pull up an image. There's a little graphic here that they made. From OpenAI's frontier, openai.com slash index slash introduceable. Yeah, and if you can zoom in a little bit at the bottom, you have your system of record. You have business context, agent execution, evaluation, and optimization. Your agents, OpenAI agents, third-party agents, that feels significant, right? They want to be the orchestrator, right?

34:46And if you want to bring in some other folks in to help out, great, at least for now. And then they have interfaces, which they're ChatGPT, Enterprise, OpenAI, Atlas, and other business applications. I'm a little upset that they didn't go with a Mad Max theme like Gastown. I like the poll cats. I like the mayor. I like the deacon. I thought that was a fun metaphor. They went with something a little more enterprise-y. But I think Frontier is a good name. I don't know. It flows. Of course, it's not Frontier 5.2 high, so we got to count our blessings here. But I think Frontier works. Are you working on a Frontier integration project?

35:27Oh, those consultants from OpenAI, they're getting us on board at the Frontier. It sounds good. Why is Tyler laughing? Tyler's laughing. Yeah, I'm getting flamed in the comments. What's up with Tyler's hair today? Yeah, what happened? Did you use shampoo nor conditioner? I need a haircut. I need a haircut. Maybe you need a hat. Maybe you can grab one of those TVPN hats over there. You'll be good. Don't worry. Let me tell you about Apple. Profitable advertising made easy with Axon and.ai. Get access to over 1 billion daily active users and grow your business. today. We'll get more from Sam on Frontier.

36:03Yes. I think we can move on. So the last thing on 5.2, the last benchmark that's interesting is GPT 5.2 with high, not extra high reasoning effort, has a 50 % time horizon of around 6.6 hours on our expanded suite of software tasks. This is the highest estimate for time horizon measurement we have reported to date, and it's right on track, doubling every 128 days. It depends on what you're looking for, but the implications of this are, you know, more and more tasks are suitable for these models. Although I do think we're going through a shift with the orchestration thing where we might need a new benchmark because what happens if, you know, the individual model, GPT 5.2 high, can do one six-hour task basically, but you can deploy five that talk to each other and when you combine those, it adds up to 20 hours of work.

36:56You just get a jump in the graph, but it's not technically the model, so you need sort of a new benchmark, supposedly. Jessica Lesson likes Sam Altman's post. She says, this is excellent comps from Sam Altman, an eye-popping stat in an easy to understand claim. And I hate though this budding movement to frame the business model debate as elitism versus anti-elitism when chatbots launched with subscription business models. I thought it would be a great new era of consumer tech blended with ads and subs, much as we've seen with Netflix and Spotify. It would be a shame if the open AI versus anthropic rivalry wipes that away and makes it seem like subscriptions are only the domain of the elite.

37:34So many other consumer businesses show otherwise, and they are better off for the balance. I like that. Signal says either you or I have lost the ability to process reality. yeah i mean not a lot of response to this uh in response to that okay uh yeah no a lot of people didn't think this was great comms at all yeah i mean i would say like most of the posts i saw were like hey like this feels like you got baited yeah yeah because you could have just not responded i guess yeah or you could have said he said later in the day i'm excited to share that codex has one million users yeah yeah product they launched this week right yeah yeah just focus on yourself maybe i don't know uh meanwhile over in silicon land silicon land greg says gb200 has really been enabling us to do some amazing things yeah it is remarkable how you know relatively slow the rollout has been obviously it's been very quick but uh but it does take time from the time that nvidia announces these chips to actually fabbing them racking them wiring them up getting ready to train new models.

38:36And so... Yeah, I mean, I think Dean Ball had a new post today and said, like, you know, companies don't even have Blackwells yet. Yeah. So we've even seen... There's no models that have been trained on Blackwell. Yeah. Pretty crazy. Get ready. It's going to get ready to see some AI progress. We got Mike Isaac in the chat. He says, not good comms. Not good comms. I'm with Mike. Expand, Mike. Expand. I'm with Mike on that one. Give us your full take. We'll see. I'll look up Mike's... And I will tell you about Google earnings because we touched on this, but it's important in the context. So Alphabet sales hit record spending to double.

39:14They're going all in on AI. Google parent Alphabet reported an 18 % jump in fourth quarter revenue driven by growth in digital advertising. Before we go into this, Mike had a banger yesterday. He said, by the number of OpenAI employees I see tweeting about Anthropics Super Bowl ad, Anthropics should be paying OpenAI earned media fees. Yeah, that was a good take. Got him. Got him. Sales reached nearly$114 billion ahead of analyst expectations. Net income,$34.5 billion, a 30 % increase compared with the period a year earlier. The company reported a record$403 billion in sales for 2025. Profit,$132 billion.

39:55Not too bad. Alphabet shares were sort of all over the place. The Wall Street Journal printed that they went down 1 % after ours traded, but there's a lot going on. Google, like other technology companies, plans to spend tens of billions of dollars to develop AI models and build the data centers needed to train and run them. The company said it expected to spend between$175 billion and$185 billion in CapEx in 2026, up from$91 billion to$93 billion in 2025. So they're like doubling, which is exponential growth. Get ready for some AI progress. Yeah, somebody, I don't have it pulled up, but somebody was saying that the 2026 projected CapEx will be more than the lifetime CapEx for Google up to 2021.

40:45So in a single year, they're going to eclipse that, which is just insane. Bucco had a good take. He said, Google CapEx on purpose. Tell the market this is what it will take to defeat us before IPOs hit. Yes, certainly nerve wracking. if you're competing with them, but they have the edge on the capital side in the capital war over Anthropic and OpenAI, but the race is still real. Yeah. Let me tell you about Phantom Cash. Fund your wallet without exchanges or middlemen and spend with the Phantom Card. The Wall Street Journal had some more context on Google. Google leans hard into its AI winter status, AI winner status, not AI winter.

41:26Ad and cloud growth acceleration justify the recent surge in Alphabet stock, but blowout CapEx forecast still takes one's breath away. The motto for the artificial intelligence race today should be, if you've got it, spend it. That's a message that Meta Platforms took to heart during its fourth quarter report last week when the Facebook and Instagram parent announced plans to spend up to$135 billion on CapEx compared to about$72 billion last year. Google managed to up the ante Wednesday with its own plan to spend as much as$185 billion this year, which would be about doubles last year's outlay.

42:00Google's annual revenue has now topped$400 billion, about twice as large as Meta's. Still, that new spending target, even for a company that has been firing all cylinders lately, takes one's breath away. The stock price slipped in after hours trading after its fourth quarter report and conference call. Google has both the political and financial capital to lay such a bet. The company's Gemini 3 model has put it on top of a heap of performance for AI models, while the unmatched distribution of its search engine in products like Gmail have quickly driven adoption. Google said Wednesday that it has more than 750 million monthly active users just on its Gemini app, which only represents a portion of Gemini's actual users because it's vended into all the different products.

42:42What's going on in the chat? 4-0 Army has entered the chat. Interesting. They're hitting the chat with hashtag keep 4-0. Hey, okay. They want to be heard by Sam Allman. Well, it's not keep 4-0. Hasn't 4.0 been deprecated? Yeah, they want it back. Shouldn't they update the hashtag to say bring back 4.0? Revive 4.0. Revive 4.0? It's actually not leaving until February 13th. Oh, okay. So there is time to reverse the decision. I am interested to know about the operating cost of keeping 4.0 alive because it feels like if it runs like old hardware. Well, that was clearly something people were willing to pay for.

43:18Yeah, can't you just kind of leave it in a corner and just kind of runs? It was maybe more of like a user behavior decision than a financial one because it seems like running legacy models gets really profitable. Hunter Rice says cancel for us. Okay. A strong reception of Gemini along with Google's victory over the federal government's efforts to break up the company have cheered investors when sentiment on technology and AI is faltering. Alphabet's stock price has jumped around 20 % in the last three months. NVIDIA, Microsoft, Amazon.com, and Broadcom have all lost ground during that time. But capital matters too.

43:51And here's where Google's business model pays off the most. The company's advertising arm has long been a lucrative cash cow that is still managing double-digit growth rates. Growth has actually accelerated with ad revenue up 14 % in the fourth quarter compared to 13 % in the previous one. That's exactly what we saw at Meta. The ads are getting better, baby. The company's cloud computing division was even more impressive with revenue growth jumping 48 % year over year to hit$17.8 billion. Google Cloud hasn't seen growth like that since early 2021 when the business was still less than a third of its current size.

44:30Google Cloud turned in a record$5.3 billion in operating profit in the last quarter, a figure that was 45 % higher than Wall Street's targets. The company's booming business produced nearly$165 billion in operating cash flow in 2025, the highest in the S &P 500. These strong results will help investors digest the latest investment plan, but spending what could be 40 % of annual revenue on AI chips and related infrastructure is still a sizable gamble. Such investments will sharply elevate depreciation charges, which in the latest quarter reduced net income by 18%. Google isn't the bargain it was less than a year ago when breakup beers had the stock trading at less than 16 times projected earnings.

45:15My question is, when does the AI build-out stop? Because if you're constantly investing more and more, where does the cash flow come from? As an analyst, you look at this and you say, okay, they're spending 50 % of their revenue or 40 % of their revenue on the AI build-out on data centers, but how long will they need to do this? Like, if they have to do this forever, then you just permanently have a worse business because you're just constantly buying hardware. Well, yeah, I mean, you get a massive capability increase, lots of labor moves into data centers, and eventually maybe you can enter a scenario where it makes sense to continue to increase capex because revenue is accelerating even faster.

46:05Yeah, yeah. Yeah, notable that NVIDIA is still trading down today, even after that update on earnings. Like, you would expect people to look and see, like, hey, you know, Jensen had given some pretty kind of wild projections, right, looking out over the next couple years. Google updating here makes it a lot more valuable. I mean, they'll spend a lot on TPU, but still they will be buying a lot of NVIDIA chips for sure, really quickly. Let me tell you about Plaid. Plaid powers the apps you use to spend, save, borrow, and invest, securely connecting bank accounts to move money, fight fraud, and improve lending, now with AI.

46:42Richard says Google is a company that doesn't do hype. For them to go and increase capex from$90 billion to$180 billion is probably the most bullish thing long-term investors can see as it shows the scale of future revenue growth. I'm shocked that at this stage, most still don't understand this. Yeah, so excited about it. What did Doug say over at Fabricated Knowledge? He said, Google made$163 billion in CFO last year and is now planning to spend$180 billion in CapEx next year. Now, Def think acceleration is coming, but wowza, I'd rather go bankrupt than lose the race, quoting Sergey. The trailing 12 months of free cash flow is staggering over there.

47:26Going to make$200 billion in cash flow this year, still less than CapEx for now. also going to have$80 billion in net cash and probably$100 billion in myriad minority illiquid equity stakes. So yeah, they own like SpaceX and a bunch of... Waymo. Waymo. With current rates of growth, they can raise$300 billion in 2030 without even going into debt. Totally agree, but this feels pretty close to the pedal to the metal to me, says Doug. Joe Weisenthal says the average person on Earth is watching 25 YouTube shorts every single day. YouTube shorts average 200 billion daily views. That's a lot. That is just insane.

48:03That's a lot. I mean, you can watch a YouTube short in like five seconds on average, right? Because you skip one, you watch one for five seconds, one for 15 seconds. So, I mean, 25 YouTube shorts that feels like maybe five or ten minutes of browsing, but still like pretty staggering. Yeah, I haven't migrated any. Like I don't scroll on YouTube shorts yet. I find if I search for something, like let's say I'm looking up a car, it's nice to get a 60 second explanation of it. If I don't have time to like watch a review. But I'm not like sitting there scrolling. Yeah, it still serves people when I click them.

48:38But I rarely scroll through. Whereas on Instagram, I will scroll the feed of Reels. Yeah. Staying in the content world, Kalshi shared that just in YouTube generated over 60 billion last year, more than Netflix. and Polymouse says YouTube is beating Netflix with this really sneaky content strategy in which their creators make stuff people want to see and are then rewarded for it with views and money. And it is a simple encapsulation of the YouTube strategy. Netflix hates this one simple trick. UGC. UGC is a big, big business. Who would have thought? But yeah, the scale of the quality. I'm hoping we're going to talk to Mr.

49:19Beast about his outlook on YouTube and how it's changing soon because he's taking it in such an incredible direction where the content is Netflix quality. I mean, he sells it to Amazon Prime, right? So he's certainly there. In the antitrust division of the Department of Justice posted an update today. The DOJ antitrust division filed notice that it will cross-appeal from the Remedies decision in its case against Google's unlawful monopolization of internet search and search advertising. So they're still hashing that out. Let me tell you about LabelBox. Reinforcement learning environments, voice, robotics, evals, and expert human data.

50:01LabelBox is the data factory behind the world's leading AI teams. So big tech is throwing cash into India in its quest for AI supremacy. We talked about this story a little bit yesterday. We can get to the bottom. Yeah, Bloomberg had a story that... It's about the facts. Yeah, effectively Google's scaling square footage. Yes. In India pretty dramatically. Yes. And the question was, you know, why are they scaling up at all? They're investing so much in CapEx and servers and digital workers. But, of course, they need humans as well. So American tech behemoths are racing to establish leadership in artificial intelligence, not just in the U.S., but also around the world.

50:37India is welcoming them with open arms, says The Wall Street Journal. India is becoming one of the hottest markets globally for AI, for US AI titans, looking to cater to the country's massive and digitally savvy population, looking to attract more tech investments. The Indian government announced plans over the weekend to give tech firms a 20-year tax break on overseas revenue gleaned from global data services based in India. So you go and you set up a data center or you set up a business, a tech business, you're making money off of that whole data center or whatever you're selling in terms of software, and you don't have to pay taxes to India for 20 years.

51:18That's a long, long time. Techno chief called this out yesterday. Yeah. The move is part of the Indian government's push to make the country a major provider of AI services, including low-cost tools to solve local problems, while leaving cutting-edge innovation to deep pocketed firms in the US and China. This will give India the opportunity to become a major AI hub, said India's technology minister. In the past few months, US tech companies have unveiled tens of billions of dollars in investment in Indian data centers as they race to build AI infrastructure around the world. In October, Google announced a$15 billion investment in data centers in southeastern India, as well as undersea cable links in what the company describes as its largest single AI hub outside the United States.

52:01In December, Microsoft unveiled its largest ever investment in Asia with a$17.5 billion pledge to develop the country's cloud and AI infrastructure. Amazon also pledged$35 billion across its operations in India up until 2030. The big U.S. data center firms known as hyperscalers are drawn to a country whose 1.4 billion consumers are some of the most prolific users of data and AI chatbots. Very interesting. anyway there's more news from nvidia in the information nvidia is delaying a new gaming chip due to memory shortage this is the line you don't want to cross the gamers are going to rise up and they're going to storm the data centers and and they will they will be uh they will be putting the screws they'll be they will get their they will get their chips one way or another they will they'll be calling their representatives calling their senators uh pause ai has a new cohort if you don't give me a new gaming graphics card to play the latest games uh yeah so it's the first time in 30 years it won't release one in the calendar year yeah every year the it's over 1080ti 2080 3080 these were great graphics cards and now no longer just delaying it uh i i mean i guess you can use uh cloud gaming or something but uh also it does feel like a lot of video games sort of maxed out what they can do with stock graphics cards, and so there isn't as much need to upgrade every year.

53:29What do you think, Tyler? Yeah, I mean, also with Genie 3, it's like we're getting new advancements in gaming. Yes, yes, yes. So they should be happy about this. You'll owe nothing and be happy. How much Genie 3 did you play yesterday, Tyler? It's fun, right? It's fun, so you play it? I thought about playing it. Oh, okay. You thought about playing it. But the mechanics weren't there, right? We need mechanics. Genie 4, I'm going to beat DAU. That's the goalpost currently. I want mechanics. I want tire changes, gas refill, as I'm driving the Nürburgring in my Genie 3 car simulator, race simulator.

54:02Anyway, memory chips are a key component of GPUs. Very excited to ask Sam Altman about the various pieces of the AI bottleneck. We should ask Sam about world models, too. That would be interesting. He's not one to not launch a product. Yeah, he's launched a lot of stuff. And yeah, Ben Thompson has had this take for a while that AI-generated video is the metaverse. And that's what you're seeing with MetaVibes. That's what you're seeing with Sora. This is sort of where things go. NVIDIA is also slashing production of its current line of gaming chips, the GeForce RTX 50 GPUs, because of the memory shortage, one of the people said.

54:41Prices of NVIDIA's latest gaming GPUs have already risen at retail stores and websites due to their scarcity over the past year. I wonder how much it costs to actually build a modern gaming PC these days because it's been a while. It used to be like a few thousand dollars would get you sort of like a top tier setup. And I wonder what it's looking like now with all the shortages. It's possible to be sure that NVIDIA executives could still change their mind and release a gaming chip if the market improves as the company is known for being flexible and moving quickly, says the information. Demand for computer memory chips has skyrocketed due to the AI boom as they are needed in large quantities to train and operate machine learning models.

55:24Memory chips act as warehouses for storing data. The memory chip shortage is expected to lead to higher prices in consumer electronics. Last week, Apple CEO Tim Cook said the rising prices of memory chips would have an impact on the company's March quarter margins. He's also saying that he's having trouble getting line time at TSMC to some extent. And so there's a lot of bottlenecks that are working their way through all the technology markets He hinted that the impact would be greater in the future noting we do continue to see market pricing for memory increasing significantly as always We'll look at a range of options to deal with that Gaming and AI chips use different types of memory But both are made of the same raw materials coming from one of three main suppliers at Samsung Electronics SK Hynix and Micron technologies.

56:11Well, we have our first guest of the show. Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI. He's in the Restream Waiting Room. Welcome to the show, Sam. How are you doing? Welcome back. Good. Thank you guys for having me back. Thanks so much. Big day. Big day. Kick us off with, where should we start? Should we start with the model or Frontier? Can we start with the model just because I'm having to watch on with it? Yeah, absolutely. Break it down. What'd you launch? What's special? 5.3 Codex is, I think, the best coding model in the world. We took a lot of the feedback that people had about 5.2 codecs and got it into one model.

56:42It is much smarter at programming, but it's also way faster. You can interact with it mid-turn. I think it's got a much better personality. It's really good at computer use. So it feels like a very big step forward. It was funny as we were deploying it this morning, a couple of very

57:00extremely experts at using these models noticed and said, man, something's really different with codecs. And they caught it mid-deploy. So I think you can really feel it quickly. That's great. Oh, you're saying people outside of OpenAI, just everyday users. Yeah, I like the half hour that we put it out before we, you know. Talk about interacting with it mid-turn. How does that work? Why is that important? What does that unlock? So people are starting to use these tools for very long pieces of work at one time, you know, multi-hour tasks. And sometimes you don't specify it correctly, right? Sometimes something's not set up right, something just screws up.

57:31The ability, they can do amazing things with no steering, but they can do much more amazing things if you steer them along the way. So this has been, this is one of the things I felt most knew about this model. So talk about orchestration, how this fits into Frontier, because I imagine that. One second. It's notable, like if you see a coworker making a mistake and you don't interrupt them, that's rude, right? Like it's deeply inefficient. It is incredible what these models can do without any feedback. Like if you think about a new coworker, especially, you know, you train them and you give them a lot of feedback early on and they learn the job and you correct them and they kind of get practice in the models.

58:08They will soon do that. But right now they don't do that. So we just rely on either. They get it right. One shot. We collect them, correct them along the way. Yeah. So, you know, I think there's a lot of people that are running multiple agents and multiple tabs. They're starting to think about orchestration. Feels like Frontier is a piece of that. But if you're interacting with a model that's running mid-turn, how does the user experience change for developers with 5.3? And then what will it look like in the frontier world? I think we will be heading towards a workflow where a lot of people just feel like they're managing a team of agents.

58:43And as the agents get better, they'll keep operating at a higher and higher level of abstraction, which at least watching what's happening so far is a jump that people are going to make pretty well. The models are so good now, there's such a capability overhang, that building better tools to let people do that, which the Codex app that we launched on Monday was a great step forward for, will be very, very important. But you will be managing very complex workflows. The agents will keep getting better, so you'll keep working at the maximum of your management bandwidth or cognitive ability to keep track of all the stuff.

59:21And the tools to make that easy to do will matter, I think, more than intelligence for a little while because there's such an intelligence overhang already. What's the role of a forward deployed engineer today at OpenAI towards the end of the year? Capability overhang that feels like raw meat for a forward deployed engineer. It's like they solve that problem, right? Yeah, I mean, look, eventually the models will get so good that they'll help companies deploy themselves and the forward-deployed engineers will again get to work at a higher level of abstraction. But for now, you go into a company that is not AI native and say, okay, you've said you want to, you know, they say they want to deploy AI.

1:00:03They really are not sure what to do. How do I hook this up to my systems? Do I need to fine-tune a model on my code base? How do I think about orchestrating agents and using things from different companies? most of all, or at least what we hear most frequently, is how do I think about security of my data? And how do I know that these AI co-working agents are not going to go access a bunch of information and share it in ways they shouldn't or get a context exploit or something like that? So the forward-to-play engineers take this incredible new technology and a platform like Frontier and say, we will connect your company to an AI platform so that you can use all these agents and workflows and everything else you want.

1:00:41How important are these metaphors or how temporary are them? I was very interested in reading about Gastown and you have these pole cats and it's this whole Mad Max world. And that feels like maybe just a temporary aberration where you're setting up agents for specific tasks. But also that could be incredibly valuable in explaining to a large corporation of how they're going to integrate AI across the whole organization. Yeah, I suspect like everything else that's happening when an industry is moving so fast, all of this is somewhat temporary on like a long enough time scale.

1:01:23And as these models become more capable and these agents are operating on very long time horizons with the ability to just kind of figure it out and our trust in their robustness keeps going up, then maybe you don't need a lot of the abstractions we need today. You know, maybe you just like have a single AI bot that runs at your company and you can say, hey, I want to like launch this new product and it does everything an ambitious person would do. But that's not where we are today. So today we have to put in a little more work to get the pieces put together. Yeah. How are you thinking about the meter benchmark for long task horizon?

1:01:58You're at the top of the charts. At the same time, it feels like we might need a new chart if we're talking about agent swarms because they'll be able to do things that go for weeks, but they will subdivide the work. There's some subdivision that happens within a reasoning model, but it doesn't truly parallelize, at least that I'm aware of. So what does it look like in a world where you go to a model, but now it's spinning up a whole bunch of different models underneath? I think there's two of the key insights of the whole field are in this question. Number one, the implication that no chart in AI lasts more than a few years is right.

1:02:33And like this one, kind of, you know, we'll see how much longer it's really useful. The second is a lot of people thought that, okay, we're going to just need a super long task horizon, so we need a super long context. And definitely what people have already seen with coding agents is by agents breaking up work, orchestrating it well, farming it off to sub-agents. Even with the current limitations of the technology, we can do something, which should not be surprising because it's similar to how people do things, and get amazing amounts of work done. So that's been cool to watch. I think that will keep going.

1:03:12A joke that some people at OpenAI make is that soon the chart that matters is just going to be GDP impact. and then the question is what's the one that comes after that but everything else these a lot of these proxy metrics there's now so much economic value in what the models are doing what do you think could come after i have no idea do you have an opinion happiness i don't know you when you look when you look back at some of your when you look back at some of your blog posts from 10 years ago your predictions were usually pretty on point yeah maybe it's hard um thank you thank you i uh specifically the specifically the merge like basically calling there's a bunch that are Like right now we're getting, you know, thousands of messages in the chat about 4.0 and you predicted in 2016 that people could, would become, you know, very attached to a chat bot.

1:03:57Yeah. I'm working on like a big prediction blog post for the next 10 years seems too far, but the next five. Sure. But because it's like, I'm sure a lot of it will be wrong and it, you know, it's still fun to try.

1:04:14the sort of like relationships with chatbots clearly that's something that we've got to worry about more and is no longer an abstract concept even the question of what comes after GDP like one reason I think that's interesting is the way we measure GDP now could start going down even though quality of life goes way up and we don't have a lot of practice with things like that but the massively deflationary. Isn't that just Europe? Not just Europe. We want the quality of life going up, too. Yeah. Not just going down, you know? Switching gears, what do you think about the work that the NeoLab boom, the research efforts that are happening all over Silicon Valley?

1:04:58It feels like there's an acknowledgement that there's research breakthroughs that need to happen, and everyone's taking different shots at those. Do you think that those companies will just find a breakthrough and join a lab or launch their own products? I think it's fantastic, first of all. One of the meta things that we wanted to do when we started with OpenAI is when we started OpenAI is there had been a period where the technology industry in Silicon Valley in particular was amazing at new research labs or just doing new research in industry in general. And then it kind of fell apart and there hadn't been a good one in a while.

1:05:32And part of what we hoped to show, and this was not only us, like a lot of people were excited about new research labs is that industry could do research again. So seeing that now become like fashionable and all of these new labs, I think it's totally awesome. Some will succeed, some will fail, some will kind of go into some other effort. But having industry support research in, you know, startup style, I think it's wonderful. Over the next two years, would you expect to acquire more individual product companies or more research labs?

1:06:05Good question. I don't have a strong opinion there. I would bet well, I'd say the very best ones will often look like a mixture of both. The one that I have in mind right now is something that very much looks like a mixture of both. So maybe the shape of things to come is the really truly extraordinary product work will have more and more research component. And it'll be kind of a more of a hybrid thing. Is data the new oil? Is there a value? Yeah, we were joking a couple days ago. A bunch of data, but they don't understand AI. They don't know how to monetize it. Well, and that phrase was effectively wasted a decade ago.

1:06:44Yeah. And so to say it now sounds really silly. Yeah. But it feels like it could be more true now than ever. Yeah. You know, certainly. Yeah, man, they really did waste it a decade ago. I was just thinking of the kind of people that used to say that. Yeah. Ted Talks. You're not supposed to call them out. They're nice people over at 10.

1:07:05Definitely the magic relationship of this last eight years, whatever you want to call it, has been that we can put in more and more resources, compute data, new ideas, whatever, into creating an artifact. And the log of it gets better. so you can throw in you know that's why we have this huge exponential increase in resources but we keep getting better and better models and for all of the concern people have about it's it's gonna like top out or it's slowing down or whatever like no one's been right about that i mean sometimes they it looked like they were for a couple of months as we digested a new model or came to a new form factor but it has been incredibly smooth last six or eight years of this what those resources are, there can be some trade-off between.

1:07:58Sometimes it's better to spend your money on better data, sometimes on more compute, sometimes something else. On the whole, compute power is the new, oil is the statement that feels closest to true to me, but there will be other parts too. Makes sense. Is software dead? It's different. It's definitely not dead. but what software, like how you create it, how you're going to use it, how much you're going to have written for you each time you need it versus how much you'll want sort of a consistent UX. That's all going to change. There have been a number of these big sell-offs of SaaS stocks over the last few years as these models have rolled out.

1:08:44There, I expect there will continue to be more. I expect there will be big booms in software. I think it's just going to be volatile for a while. as people figure out what this looks like. The statement that someone said to me that has stuck in my mind most these last couple of weeks is that every company is an API company now, whether they want to be or not. Oh, yeah. Because agents are just going to be able to... Yeah, we had Dara from Uber on yesterday, and he had a pretty refreshing kind of approach. We were asking about integrating agents with Uber, and he recognized that, yeah, the ad business could potentially be threatened, if you can order an Uber and chat to BT, but he basically said, like, you have to think of the consumer.

1:09:26The consumer wants to order an Uber via their preferred agent. You should let them. Otherwise, you're going to have other problems. Yeah, that is the right take for sure. And I don't, or I think so, at least. And, you know, we've been through platform shifts like this before where you, I mean, Uber wouldn't have existed without one. It wasn't until the iPhone where you could, like, have it make sense to order an Uber to write where you were as you were out in the world. So I think there will be totally new things that happen, other things you'll use in new ways. But definitely as I've started using Codex, my excitement about having agents go off and do things for me and still use other services, pay other services, I'm sure we'll need to figure out new business models and how revenue gets shared around.

1:10:10But that will happen. Yeah, talk more about Codex desktop. One more question on SaaS. Have any public market SaaS companies tried to get a soft landing with OpenAI? And do you think there's any value? Just let's say. No public SaaS companies that I'm aware of have tried that with OpenAI. But some of them will certainly be durable and are on sale right now and potentially just need new energy and need kind of an entirely new approach, and maybe OpenAI could provide that. Yeah. I think some will be incredibly valuable. some do feel like a thinner layer now but I don't know like I was talking recently to a bunch of SaaS companies and they do not they do not feel unexcited like they're like we're gonna go through a big transformation here and you know yeah sure other people can instantly write software now but so can we and we got a great system of record and seems reasonable some won't make it of course yeah yeah yeah talk more about the the Codex desktop rollout it It feels like a successful amount of downloads, but key, like a shift for people who are maybe lightly technical but don't have time to set up an IDE and configure an environment to actually start writing software.

1:11:32I want to know about plans to integrate to the phone. That was a big moment, I think, for a lot of people with the clawed bot, molt bot, open claw thing was like, oh, I can text something and it will go and write code. and that's valuable and that unlocks a new agentic experience? Where do you see the Codex Desktop ecosystem going?

1:11:55I am... So Codex Desktop has been somewhat of a surprise to me in terms of how much people love it, including how much I love it myself. You know, I think it's a great example of 10 % of polish of the experience of using these models, especially when there's so much capability overhang, goes an extremely long way to what you can build and how you interact with this stuff. Of course, we should have an ability to kick off new tasks from mobile and we'll do that. I mean, really what you want is like your single AI that's working for you on a unified backend, access to all of your data and your ideas and your stuff and your memory and all the context and the ability to work across a lot of surfaces.

1:12:36And often you'll be at your desktop. Often you'll be on your phone and you just want to add something in. but it is a pretty profound shift in my own workflow, not just for coding tasks, but more general purpose tasks. It's still kind of hard to use if you're not at least reasonably technical, but obviously we'll find a version of this product that can do other knowledge work tasks and control your computer and things like that where you don't have to be. And it'll bring the magic of building stuff really to a lot of people because even if you never look at code, you'll be able to build something reasonably sophisticated.

1:13:13One of the things that I have built when I was playing around with the new Codex app is this thing I had always wanted, just like this magic auto-completing to-do list. I really work with to-do lists and this idea that I could just put tasks in and it would try to go do them. If it could complete them, it could complete them. If it needed questions, it would ask me questions. If I had to do something, I could still do it the old-fashioned way. But an interface like that where all the stuff you want to do, you just sort of explain to a computer or your AI and it tries to go off and do them. And sure, if you're on your phone, you're going to just add a task on your phone.

1:13:47Or, you know, if you want to easily import something from email, you're going to do that. Like, it feels really good. So I'm excited about all of the ways that this will just become a general knowledge work agent. Yeah. Were you unsurprised to see a product like OpenClaw come from open source? because it's certainly that kind of user experience is not, I would imagine this is something that you knew would be a thing. And yet I think part of the magic of OpenClaw is that it would be very, very difficult for a large tech company. Peter didn't make many phone calls to hyperscalers to say, hey, I'm going to be integrating with your API.

1:14:28It just went out. And you guys, you know, and when I think back on like the Sky acquisition, this kind of experience was probably very top of mind and things that you're working towards internally. I love the spirit of everything about OpenClaw. And you are totally right that it's much easier to imagine a one-person open source project doing something like that than a company who is going to be afraid of lawsuits and data privacy and everything else. I think this is kind of how innovation works. Something like that starts. It's clearly amazing. There will be a way to make a mass market version of that product, but letting the builders build the equivalent of the homebrew computer club spirit go here is so important.

1:15:10Yeah, totally. Can we switch to social? I feel like if I Google Sam Altman social, I get pure AI and Sora and then also demand or predictions about a human only social network. Where do you see social going broadly? How do you want to integrate it with it and power it in the future? The mold book thing was a very interesting social experiment to watch and I think points to agents interacting in some sort of social space, hopefully on behalf of people, at least in some degrees. Could be quite interesting. I don't think we know what to do there yet, but it feels like social is going to change a lot.

1:15:55And I am interested in the space of what a social experience can look like when your agent is talking to my agent and coming up with new stuff. Clearly putting like a lot of AI bots on the existing social platforms is just making everyone crazy and not that fun. So that's not the right answer. But I think we can design something new for what this technology is capable of that will feel good and useful. Yeah. Is there a solution to the bot problem that's just all the labs sort of integrating with all the other platforms and and even if you can't detect it's ai generated you can literally say we just we just generated those tokens like those exact tokens are in our database you can't do that because their open source models are like good enough to raise sure at this point yeah yeah um i am excited about sort of like assertion of humanity instead of trying to like detection of ai as a thing here i don't know if the social platforms it's like in their interest to solve this it is cause it's creating like at least in the short term it creates like a lot of engagement and increased usage so um i believe they could solve it if they wanted to i'm not sure it's in their interest i'm actually not even like it is i don't like it but it is some people do seem to enjoy it yeah can you talk a little bit more about where sora as as a video generation model is going it feels like tool use is maybe under discussed you know adding adding reasoning it's not just the diffusion model It's giving these models the ability to make linear cuts and overlay motion graphics.

1:17:32And when I scroll the Instagram reels that I see, they're like vibe reels with cutouts and it flips negative and it's all color graded. And it's stuff that like, yeah, you could probably diffuse it all. But it's pretty cool just to teach a model to also use After Effects or whatever motion graphics suite you want to use. Is that an interesting unlock? What do you see going on? so all of that stuff will happen and I agree with you the models will get really great at doing that people love generating videos I would say people we have not yet found a way that people really love watching other people's videos this is true for a lot of other AI like they love to you know people love talking to chat GPT or whatever it's not that compelling but for most people to like read other people's chat GPT generation so I think there is something but isn't that for all writing and all video yeah it seems stronger to me in this case than the general case but maybe you're right maybe this is yeah but if but if somebody says hey i generated a 15 minute video i'm really excited for you to watch it and you watch the first 10 seconds and you're not that captured by it i don't care that it was human made yeah necessarily yeah maybe you're right and this is it's not a it's not a special case do you see that in the data with uh with sora downloads because i've noticed that uh i'll generate stuff on sora download it and share it to a group chat and then it's this little in-joke that me and five other people get.

1:18:53And we see this family group chats of, oh, it's our dog and our kids. But there's not really like, okay, yeah, this is a business. Everyone likes this. Absolutely. I would say that the most common use case is something like that. Memes on group chats is a real killer use case. How is the Disney rollout going? I was super excited about it. Jordy was extremely bullish on it from a business strategy perspective. Yeah, when you look at how image models have grown various LLMs historically, and now you're going to have an image and video model that can do something that no other LLM can do, at least legally.

1:19:28Yeah. And is Bob Iger joining OpenAI? Bob Iger, I love it. No credit for that. He's going to be looking for a job in the end of the year. He's a free agent. You've got to pick him up. Hit him up for us. Do some recruiting. That'd be great. I think that generating characters in images and videos is going to be very important to people and they really like that like we were saying otherwise I don't think many people want to watch me and some Star Wars character doing something together but I might think it's cool there's a real trend going on right now with ChatGPT where it's make a caricature of me in my job based off everything you know about me And those kinds of things, people actually do like looking at other people's media.

1:20:16Yeah, it's almost like a face filter or something. It's the Studio Ghibli moment. There's enough of the human still in there that it's not, yours is not the same as mine. So it's still personalized. It's personalized and it says something about you. And a lot of these things, a lot of what's gone viral before with Image Gen, I think it's like if you can make people look a little bit more attractive or cool than they are in real life without sort of having to ask for that. How are you thinking about the actual rollout? We were debating between like open the floodgates. You can generate any Disney property versus like it's Spider-Man week and everyone's posting Spider-Man.

1:20:57And then it's, you know, Mickey Mouse week and there's another viral moment. I'm not sure what the team is planning there. I know Disney's had some different opinions about what they want to do and try to be a good partner there. but I'd be excited to open the floodgates personally. Oh, that'd be fun. Cool. Talk about your first, speaking of video, your first Super Bowl ad. It felt like not generated, lots of motion graphics, the black dots coming together. Like what was the goal with that ad? Who were you trying to speak to? It didn't feel like a direct response QR code, download the app. No.

1:21:30What was the mission? I love that ad. I think that was such a cool one. It was clearly not meant to be like a mass market or direct response ad. But, you know, speaking to the people who are at the center of this revolution and just trying to celebrate everything that has come before and everything that will come after.

1:21:54We didn't hear a lot about it from average users of ChatGPT, but we heard a lot about it from researchers in the field and a lot of residents there. It was definitely not generated. It was done the old-fashioned way. Uh, and you know, it had like a lot of people loved it. A lot of people hated it. And then many people in the middle didn't get it. And I felt okay about that. Um, I like our ad for Sunday. Okay. It's about codex. No surprise, but yeah. Talk about the evolution of the advertising to be more, uh, just clear about the actual use case, the value, like, what are you trying to say with your advertising strategy now as it refers, as it relates to like video?

1:22:38Well, the thing I would most like us to say, and I think this is a new challenge given where the models are, is to teach people what they can go do with AI. AI is now unbelievably capable and most of the world is still asking basic questions on chat GPT. Everyone can go build amazing things now. Everyone can go do all kinds of work. Scientists are going to make new discoveries. And I'd like to, to the degree that advertising we do can teach people how to use this, I think that'd be awesome. So the KPI is like reduce the capability overhang broadly. I think that should be a general KPI for us, not just of our ads.

1:23:17The products that we build, how we teach people to use those products, that feels very important. Yeah. Anthropic also has a bunch of ads in the Super Bowl. Seems like they might run a ton. Sam Hurd. What do you think that they're getting wrong about their characterization of how ads will roll out in chat apps? Well, it's just wrong. The main thing that I think is, we're not stupid. We respect our users. We understand that if we did something like what those ads depict, people would rightfully stop using the product. No one, like our first principle with ads is that we're not going to put stuff into the LLM stream.

1:24:02That would feel crazy, dystopic, like bad sci-fi movie. So the main thing that's wrong with the ads is using a deceptive ad to criticize deceptive ads feels I don't know something doesn't sit right with me about that I asked I asked Claude uh what uh if if what the definition of playing dirty and it said uh what did it say misleading others about your intentions hiding information or creating false impressions yeah thought it was a little dirty I thought it was well played but it was it was it was well played for sure and it was a funny ad and they, you know, like the sort of the stuff about the chat GPT personality that most annoys me, which we'll fix very soon.

1:24:48I thought they nailed in the ad. So that part was funny. Yeah. But I don't know, you know, like I also, I think it's great for them not to do ads. We have a different shaped business. I did notice that they said in their thing, like we may later revise this decision and we'll explain why. So, yeah, the blog post, the blog post was kind of did a good job of disarming the pro ad people, gave themselves an out in the future. Do you think they care? I think it doesn't matter. I think it's a sideshow. People are excited for a food fight between companies, but the amazing capabilities of these models, the product, the groundswell of excitement around Codex, that feels way more important to me.

1:25:37How do you stop the pausing that happens in voice mode? Do you need new hardware for that? Or is it a model capability thing? We need a new model. We may need some new hardware too, but mostly we just need a new model. I think we all have a great voice mode by the end of this year. What's the bigger bottleneck, energy or chips? It goes back and forth. Right now, again, it's chips. Chips. Is there anything... But it'd be different, different times. Is there anything we, like Society America, should be doing more aggressively to increase the supply of fabs? Yeah, I think it is...

1:26:16Well, it may get solved on its own. It may, like, normal capitalism may solve it, but I think somehow deciding as a society that we are going to increase the wafer capacity of the world and we're going to fund that and we're going to get, you know, the whole supply chain and the talented people we need to make that happen would be a very good thing to do. Do you think there's an upper bound on model IQ? Like the race right now is you're smart, but you're not smart for days. You're smart for hours. Can you go much further and get much smarter? It seems certain. Upper bound, I don't know. I don't know how to think about that question yet.

1:26:54Yeah, I can't even reason about what 2000 IQ looks like. I don't know what that means. It's funny you say that. I mean, I can't reason about what it means to think about a problem for like 10 ,000 human years. That's another good one. Yeah. Yeah. That's crazy. But maybe IQ is going to feel even weirder. I don't know. I feel like I somehow feel like this isn't going to feel as strange as it sounds. And for a bunch of reasons, we're so focused on other people. We're so focused on our own lives. We're so focused. We have such a human-centric nature that like, okay, this thing is really smart. It's inventing new science for us.

1:27:33It's running companies for us. It's doing all this stuff. And that sounds like it should be impossibly weird, and I think it will just be very weird. Do you think space data centers will provide a meaningful amount of compute for OpenAI in the next two to three years? No. Five years? No. Ten years? You just keep going. Ten thousand years. I wish either one luck. Okay. The funny thing about the whole back and forth about ads is that in our world, the criticism is that you didn't launch ads early enough. Is there a world where you wish you launched earlier? How is the actual rollout going? Are advertisers happy?

1:28:18Do you have a really long roadmap? Or do you think you'll be faster at catching up to what's frontier in ad platforms? We haven't even started the test yet. We start the test soon. but it's going to take us some number of iterations to figure out the right ad unit, the right way this all works. Do I wish we had started earlier? We have gone from not a company. Three years and three months ago or something like that, we were a research lab, and now we are a pretty big company with a lot of products. So there's many things I wish we had done faster. I think we were correct on the trade-off here of how we balance things that we need to do.

1:28:56I wish, you know, we launched this very cool enterprise platform this morning, which we had done that earlier too. But I had to like deal with the monstrous growth of ChatGPT and Codex and all this other stuff. Good problems to have. Last question for me. What happened to that internal writing model that you used to write the essay? That feels like something that was really cool, but we never really saw the light of day. We're going to get a lot of that spirit into a future model. Again, it's like there's so much stuff happening. We have to make these hard prioritization decisions. I would love a cool writing model, not as much as I would love a cool coding model.

1:29:35And it's what is possible now for coding, for science, that's the thing I'm most excited about, for accelerating all kinds of research, AI and otherwise, for really accelerating the economy. I think that's like the right thing for us to most prioritize in terms of new capabilities but yeah well like you want you want a model that can write beautifully because it means it well you want to write a model that can write beautifully if it can also think very clearly and express that very clearly that's just useful in normal work yeah that makes sense last question for me how how have conversations been with the broad open AI leadership team you guys are in a position where any single word or sentence you say in any situation can be spun into a headline immediately and then you guys have to go on damage control kind of correcting the narrative but of course the original message is often or at least the original news is often seen more broadly than the than the correction it seems like an interesting challenge it it is a strange way to live um it and i don't like i don't know of any private company that has ever like been so in the news and so under a microscope and it you know at some level it's frustrating and you know we're so squarely in the sights of everybody's anxieties and every competitor trying to take us down and everybody's like just what is going to happen with AI to their part of the business or their own lives um that there's like a lot of plasma looking for an instability to collapse on.

1:31:12In some other sense, though, the subjective experience of it is we are so busy on so much exciting stuff that it often feels like there's this crazy hurricane turning around us. And when we sit, it's like fairly calm. You know, the media or Twitter goes insane about something one day. They're talking about a crazy meltdown. And we're like, that is insane. Like, okay. And people talk about it all day and then later find out it's wrong. And sort of seemed like a lot of wasted energy, but we're just like, we have this great new model coming. People are building incredible stuff. Companies are transforming.

1:31:45We're trying to like figure out how to get more compute and deal with this compute crunch. And we just kind of like keep going and we're busy. And then if we like open Twitter, pop up our heads and look at the news, it's like, wow, that is an insane, crazy thing happening. completely divorced from reality or 99 % divorced from reality. And like, okay, someone will correct it, but then we get back to work and people flip out again. It is weird to watch when we look outside, but it is less chaotic internally than I think you would imagine from reading the media reports. Well, thank you so much for taking the time to come chat with us.

1:32:25Congrats on the long-term date. I'm excited to see the Codex ad. Please try it. I have. The app and 5.3 have been, I think, the coolest thing we've done in a while. Yes. With one prompt, I rebuilt the tbpn.com homepage to look exactly like Berkshire Hathaway. And it was just immediate. It was very fun. Interesting choice. Plain text. It was very easy. Immediately one-shotted. Did not really push it to its limits. But I'm having fun. So thank you so much for coming on the show. We'll talk to you soon. Thank you, guys. Great to catch up. Goodbye. Cheers. Let me tell you about 11 Labs. Build intelligent real-time conversational agents.

1:32:57Reimagine human technology interaction with 11 labs. And I'm also going to tell you about Sentry. Sentry shows developers what's broken and helps them fix it fast. That's why 150 ,000 organizations use it to keep their apps working. And without further ado, we have Sholto Douglas from Anthropic. He's a member of technical staff and he's here in the TV event. I'm Sholto. How are you doing? Hey, guys. How are you doing? I am doing great. Seems like you're doing better. Tell us the news. What did you release? What happened? All right. Well, once again, we've got a new model. It's really fantastic.

1:33:25The camera's a little bit laggy, a bit strange, but, you know. Should be good. Should be good. This model is really, really, really fantastic. So I think people have been comparing the previous generation of OpenAI and Anthropic models, and they've noticed there's some differences, right? The OpenAI models were a bit better at trying really, really, really hard on tough problems, but the Anthropic models were much faster and so forth. And so they worked on speed while we worked on making the models much, much better at really, really tough problems. and so that's I think where the model really shines is it's able to think for really really long time it's able to expend a lot of test time compute on thinking hard about problems it's also a massive step towards the co-worker that we've been working on I think I mentioned last time that we're seeing this continuous progression towards models that are as capable at the rest of knowledge work as they are at coding and I think I'm really really excited about that as well you can see it's a lot better at computer use we've got Claude for PowerPoint Claude decided to become actually quite capable at Excel.

1:34:23You know, it's not perfect there yet, but huge steps, huge progress. Do you have internal benchmarks for things like PowerPoint now? We have benchmarks for everything that we work on. But what makes it to the model card? What makes it to the model card? Oh, the model card is typically only publicly released benchmarks. Okay. Because for our internal benchmarks, we usually hold them out for internal testing. Oh, sure, sure, sure. What's the process for benchmarking a PowerPoint? because it's not... I can't talk too much about benchmarking PowerPoint. I'm not sure if you know, but a couple of years ago, I did work at McKinsey.

1:34:58Okay. So sometimes maybe they just need to put it in front of me. So they show them to you and you say, oh, it's good or it's bad. Exactly, good, bad. Probably a lot of other people involved. Yeah. Talk to us about what a difference between 4.5, 4.6 means. People might be familiar with pre-training, the different buzzwords that go into changing a model. Like, what technically happened at Anthropic over the last few months to enable this? Yes. So, we actually, we decorrelate the model release versioning from any specific technical details. It's more about the overall capability level that we're excited about.

1:35:33And actually, like, I've been asked by many people why we didn't just name 4.5 as 5 because it was such a step up. And I think maybe we under-anticipated. I mean, when I was last on here, I don't think even I fully appreciated how much of a jump it was from 4 to 4.5. Yeah. It was great because by the time there was the 4.5 hype cycle, we could repost a bunch of clips of you talking about it. And people were like, wow, they covered it today. It's like, no, we actually had them on the day it launched. And so I'm sure we'll be doing the same thing with 4.6. Talk about Task Horizon, the meter survey.

1:36:06Is that important? Obviously, it's a public benchmark. We've talked about it before. But is that something that is a different tradeoff to the other? Because I see it as like there's the IQ and then there's how long something can stay focused, like the locking in. And is there any tension between those? Do you ever get a model that's like, oh, it's really smart, but it can't stay coherent for that long or vice versa? It does, you know, dumber but longer tasks. I mean, I think the meter eval is possibly the best eval currently out there, right? But you're right in saying that different parts of the chart measure different things.

1:36:40Initially, it was just testing IQ, but then as time goes on, it starts to test things where humans fail at tasks, not because they aren't smart enough, but because actually persevering on a task for six, seven, eight hours is really hard. And you're right that these come apart. There's sort of like models you should almost expect to have superhuman perseverance, but at the same time, maybe context coherence or something like this, like fights against that. And that's a different access from raw intelligence or knowledge on given domains. so meter eval is the eval that I usually use when I'm referencing AI progress to people recently we held this physics conference where we invited a whole bunch of physicists we did it with Google DeepMind we invited a whole bunch of physicists to try and convince them that AI was a really big deal and that was the chart that resonated most deeply with people and I think it's just quite conceptually graspable as oh okay things that would take me X hours the models are now capable of semi-reliably it's also interesting it's an interesting benchmark considering that so many types of knowledge workers will never actually work on a task for seven hours straight.

1:37:44Like, it's just like, oh, I worked on it for 20 minutes, and I jumped into a meeting, and then I took a look at it again, and then I had lunch, and then I went for a walk, and then I came back, I worked on it, then I got somebody called, I had to work on something else. So it's, like, very possible that a lot of people listening to this, you know, maybe outside of some software engineers, have just never, even in their career, worked on something for six hours straight. The flow state, it's great. I mean, you chain things together and so forth. But yes, I agree. It's interesting to you out in that respect.

1:38:12And what does even a week-long task mean? Surely that's sort of inherently composable into a year-long work of progress. I mean, I certainly don't think of myself as doing a year-long task when I'm at work, right? I'm doing these day or week-long time horizons, usually which feed into a several-month-long time horizon. So talk about orchestration. It feels like there's a moment happening. I really like the Gastown analogy and the world that he's built there. You see all over. I have four Cloud Code instances running at the same time. It feels like there needs to be a new layer of abstraction. How do you think that gets solved?

1:38:49Is now the time to start learning those things? What metaphors will be valuable going forward? Yes. So right now, the agent's still at this point where you need to manually multiplex across them. You know, when I'm working, the stark thing about going from 4 to 4.5 and now 4.6 was that I went from maybe like 10 % of my lines of code being written by me to 0 % of my lines of code being written by me. But the thing is, I need to actually sit there and constantly switch between these windows to make sure they're on track and give them guidance and feedback and, you know, multiplexing maybe five at once or something like this when it's going really well.

1:39:25But you still need to be in there in the details. And I think the long-term right way to think about is this constantly moving up levels of abstraction. So ultimately, you only want to be talking to one agent that's maybe synthesizing the feedback from models as they come back and say, I got stuck or I was unclear on this. And that model can act as what I was doing before, and I can take a step back and sort of act at an even higher level of abstraction. It doesn't feel like we ultimately want to be playing, you know, Age of Empires or StarCraft with the models, right? We shouldn't be APM bound.

1:39:59Instead, it should be the model surfacing information as you need it so that you can constantly act on whatever the most important thing is and that you context-rich appropriately. Speaking of gaming, do you have an update for us? When is the game shipping? Tell us about the game. What inspired this? Give us the backstory and then tell us what's going on. Well, I think like many other people, I really wanted to test the limits of the models over the holidays, right? I mean, we saw all of that from people saying, I spent three to four days doing X. And I think that's really where almost the hype cycle for the most recent generation of models started in some respect, when people got the chance to properly test their limits.

1:40:35Tells you a lot about adoption. Tells you a lot about adoption. And how diffusion takes time because you need to have the space. We need more long weekends. Seriously. That's the bottleneck. Long weekends are the bottleneck. GDP? Yeah, good for GDP, I guess. Take a month off. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Sorry. Anyway. Anyway, so Dylan's been getting us all into Age of Empires with these five-a-side matches on the downstairs table. And I wanted to see if I could make an Age of Scaling where you build solar panels and data centers and you train AI models and drones and so forth instead of farms and mining and all this.

1:41:12You start in the industrial era, you go all the way up to Kardashev. I only got like 70-80 % done and all the mechanics work but it turns out it's actually really hard to make a game that's fun like actually just clicking make solar panel 100 times is not fun surprise surprise it's fun for some people there are some of those crazy clicker games where you do that and it's just like a brain rot game and they're pretty successful but I think you should stay away from that not even Factorio, these are like mobile games that are really bad, I don't think that aligns with your mission There's an art to it.

1:41:45Yeah. But we talk about the grand geopolitics and strategy of this era that we're going into, right? Where the most valuable resources on earth are, you know, basically the economy is in some respects reorienting around compute. Yeah. And so I wanted to capture some of that dynamic, the late night discussions of San Francisco in the game. Yeah, I love it. How are you processing the work that's being done in world modeling and generative worlds? I know that you're not generating images, but Claude can take in an image and process, and that has value. You text a screenshot and have them implement it or have him implement it.

1:42:23But what do you think about world models? Is that going to play an important piece, a link in the chain of where you're going? Yes. So, I mean, I think there's two different things here. There's the direct path to AGI, which I think is very much coding and then AI research and general science and so forth. and I don't think that requires world models. But I do think the world models are incredibly exciting for a number of other things. I think they're very exciting from a gaming perspective. I mean, we all saw those demos, they're incredible. They're genius. It's just truly mind-blowing. And I also think they're probably the unlock to training robotics properly.

1:42:56It feels to me like there was this era of, oh, we're just gonna need to fill, like basically do incredible amounts of behavioral cloning of people teleoperating robots. And it feels actually perhaps like the scalable way to get robots to work is world models, but unclear. I don't think it's on the critical path to AGI, basically. Can you unpack the concept of a software-only singularity? Yes. So in this world, it's one where the models are far better at digital tasks than they are at physical ones. And so we see rapid change in the digital world with relatively little change in the physical world.

1:43:37So information and software changes dramatically. And this ends up having some pretty weird effects. It means that maybe like the drivers of what have been the last couple of decades of progress in the economy turn around, like, you know, sort of get constant, like get changed very rapidly. And I think we'll see that flow on into the physical world, but at a delay. So you get much better at doing chip design. You get much better at training AI models. AI models get a lot faster. Chips get a lot better. The general economy gets a lot more efficient because the sort of information and message passing that is much of the rest of the economy ends up becoming much more efficient.

1:44:18But at the same time, you don't yet have robots providing limitless physical abundance. Science probably progresses really fast up to the degree that you need interaction with labs or larger particle colliders or something like this. And then you go, okay, well, I need to build the robots to... But at the same time, Automated labs feel more near term than unlimited robots in the real world manipulating the Earth. Yeah. I think maybe they actually arrive at similar-ish times. I think you need pretty competent robots for the labs. Or at least no one's yet managed to figure out how to automate a lab without...

1:44:52Turns out there were all these really weird little tasks that require a lot of manual human dexterity that are currently part of biological protocols. And so a lot of biologists will say, no, you just actually need something that's capable of human-level dexterity. Maybe not for all experiments, but for enough that it becomes annoying. And in this software-only singularity, how are you defining singularity? The Kurzweil formulation of more computing power than human brains, that's one equation. There's also just this point beyond which we cannot see. How do you think about singularity in that context?

1:45:29I think there is a pretty tricky event horizon that I at least haven't found anyone that's made incredibly strong or good predictions. It just feels like at that point, you have as many digital intelligences or more, and they're as smart or more smart than human intelligences. What does that even mean for the world? It's incredibly hard to predict. It's something we spend a lot of time trying to think about and trying to prepare the world for all of the eventualities. But it's, I think, difficult to make top-line predictions of what exactly that looks like. Yeah, in the original Kurzweil formulation, that was almost the definition of the singularity, was that you can't make predictions beyond it.

1:46:08And so, you know, once the predictions break down, then you're there. I mean, I think in the near term, you know, I went down with Dworkesh to his Elon interview in Austin. And I think a lot of the sort of reflection of that in the physical world, perhaps, is what ends up happening. Like you do end up basically trying to climb the Kardashev scale and capturing more of the energy of the sun and so forth. but I think that takes some time. Is your current takeaway we're more chip constrained, energy constrained? What's the biggest bottleneck to AI progress? I mean, I think right now where I think I agree with Sam's earlier answer that we're more chip constrained in AI progress but I think it is sort of interesting to roll forward two years and be like, okay, well if you want 100 gigawatts or in four years and you want a terawatt what does that look like?

1:46:59Where do you put that? And this is why Elon's going off the data centers in space, right? He thinks it's going to be the easiest way to get a terawatt in space in 2030. And maybe it's space. Maybe it's a giant desert somewhere. It's the Atacama Desert, the Australian Desert somewhere in Texas. Maybe Texas has a lot of solar panels. Yeah. Hard to know. Yeah. Jordy? How are you guys thinking about free usage limits ahead of the Super Bowl? It's really tough. I mean, one of the struggles of this is that compute is so constrained. Yeah, I noticed you guys didn't say, download the Claude app. There was no direct call to action.

1:47:47Yeah, I mean, I think the purpose of the ad was very much one for provoking thought and discussion. It was certainly successful already. Yeah. It did provoke a lot of thought and discussion. It did. And I think, I mean, I don't think you need to do an explicit call to action for people to download things or to consider things. Yeah, that makes sense. But again, it sounds like it will be, the GPUs will be on fire Sunday is the expectation. The GPUs will be on fire, as has been the case for the entire industry for last year. I mean, I think we've all had to make incredibly difficult trade-offs on exactly how computers used.

1:48:25Yeah. Can you zoom in on your experience? Because I feel like everyone's sort of seen rough growth curves for Anthropic on the revenue side or on the tokens generated side or whatever. And it feels exponential but smooth-ish. And then simultaneously you have these constant worrying about bottlenecks. Is there enough capital? Are there enough chips? Are there enough data centers? Is there enough energy? Are we in an age of research? Are we in a plateau? So how have you balanced those two narratives out, your experience of smooth growth, even though it's exponential, with constant fear around something like a cloud hanging over the industry and maybe a slowdown?

1:49:11I mean, I think to note on the smooth or exponential growth, I think one of the things that really blew me away was when SemiAnalysis did that analysis and found that I think what we went from like 2 % a month ago or six weeks ago to 4 % of GitHub commits done by Claude Code. Yeah. And for the amount of GitHub commits done by Claude Code to double over a few weeks is truly, it's ludicrous, right? Like, and there's no real visceral way to feel that. You almost feel like it feels like a number on a screen, but you can't viscerally feel it. Totally. For us, we've always had a very, very, very strong conviction.

1:49:50and in many respects, anthropic is a bet on this being true that scaling is continuing and that progress continues unabated. So in many respects, the external numbers are only a reflection of the conviction that we've had internally for a long time about exactly how we expect all the trends to go. I mean, I think we're broadly on trend for like, if you look at situational awareness, I think pretty sure the power and energy and flops predictions are bang on. It kind of feels more like we're just, we're hitting each milestone as we expect. And roughly, yeah, roughly what we expected to have happened has happened so far.

1:50:33In terms of diffusion of the technology, do you think that there's a role for forward deployed engineers to go in and change organizations? We saw some news that OpenAI is hiring a bunch of folks. And obviously a lot of enterprises are using Claude now. But at the same time, that phenomenon of if you don't have a free weekend or a long weekend, you might never get around to implementing it. And so having a little bit of extra horsepower and knowledge around the office might actually pull forward capability. Is that something you could see growing at Anthropic? Yeah, I think it's a great idea. I think it's very clear that people don't know how to hold these things.

1:51:13And also the fact that it's ludicrous. three months ago, we didn't have this most recent generation of models. We didn't have Opus 4.5. And you're meant to adjust your business strategy over the course of the holidays, basically, because the models are suddenly capable of doing things that they couldn't do right before you enter the end of the year. Are you saying we could see a new white collar job creation? Maybe. I think these are really valuable jobs. I think that there's clearly a hell of a lot of value to be unlocked. We asked Sam this, but I'm interested in your take. Is data the new oil?

1:51:55Or is it the fossil fuel, as Ilya said? Yeah, yeah. But the more pointed question is just like, are there organizations out there that have data that's locked away and it requires a business development deal or an acquisition or some sort of AI leadership to add that capability? Because there are effectively secrets, sometimes trade secrets. I don't know if the Coca-Cola formula is in 4.6, but it will be if the Coca-Cola company calls you, right? So how do you think about that question and that phrase? Even though it's been beaten to death, maybe it's making a comeback. I think it's maybe like there's two kinds of data, and one of them is dramatically more useful than the other.

1:52:38and there's the kind of data which is like the kind of analytics that a company might have collected in the past or artifacts of that company's operation, internal documents and so forth. And there's the other kind which is like the actual work that people did to produce those documents and that's not reported. And so I think that like to the degree that I'm not certain it's data is the new oil so much as like the expertise of people and like models being able to understand and learn from people. You almost want the models to like be an intern in an organization and get coached and feedback and learn about how to do the job.

1:53:21And you learn, I guess, maybe what I'm analogizing to here is as a human, when you join a company, you mostly learn the job from your colleagues rather than from reading all the documents in the company. It's just much more informative. And I think I broadly expect that to be true of models as well. I expect them to learn in a quite human-like way from their colleagues. Have you thought about a scenario where a company's maybe revenue goes to zero and all the remaining value is just in their historical data? I guess in this analogy, it would be the people that I think the values would regress with.

1:54:05Sure. Yeah, that makes sense. When you guys are thinking about new opportunities, verticals, categories, what is the thought process around UI? There's a lot of people building AI native tools today. They functionally look like traditional enterprise software. And it's hard for me to imagine Anthropic building out infinite surface area of traditional software to do things like orchestration, but what is this specific framework when thinking about interfaces for new products? We mostly want to build something that fits in where the humans fit in and can help, it interacts with you like a colleague.

1:54:52And so we want something that can fit in and rather than absorbing interfaces, join in and use the same interfaces that you do and stuff like that. I think that's how. And I think that's what companies want. If you ask any company in the world, hey, we can get you the best executive in this function in the entire world. They will usually say, like, we will pay almost any price for that or we will pay an extreme premium for that. And yet if you tell them a software solution, hey, this software solution can help you do this other thing. Maybe they want to use it, but it's not as enticing as something that can just do the work.

1:55:28Right, exactly. Yeah. Also, I mean, there's, yeah, the UI evolution seems very, very underrated. I was processing the open claw development, how important mobile was to that. Just this idea of somebody shows up and says, you're a busy business executive. You're in meetings and phone calls all day. You're on flights. We got a great software engineer for you, but you got to talk to them over the terminal on your desktop. It's like I'm not gonna give that many commands cuz I'm on the road and I'm on my phone and you see people walking off planes with MacBooks now because they need to get one more prompt again Yeah, yeah, so guilty of that and so I imagine that there's a lot of work that will be done on the on the mobile side How do you think about it?

1:56:13Please it's broadly true of like all AI interfaces, right? I don't want to look at a screen Yeah, I don't want to have like I don't anyone like a top window or a chat window I just want to ask my computer to do something or maybe like sort of like ask the world around me for something to happen and for that to happen. And so I think that this like focusing too much on the interfaces of today versus how would you interact with an incredibly competent colleague is the right thing. Like, you know, I just want to text Claude and be like, hey, you know, can you fix this up for me? Can you help me sort this out or book this trip?

1:56:47Or yeah, I just want to, yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Everyone has that ability to text from a variety of devices. People have AirPods, Apple watches, phones, laptops, tablets. Do you think we need any more new hardware? I think new hardware is pretty exciting and interesting. I like that people are placing bets on it. Yeah. I mean, I feel like something which can capture a bit more of the context that you have in your day-to-day life and that you can talk to. I mean, one thing that voice is higher bit rate than typing for most people. Yeah. Right? But at the same time, like in most of our environments, it's actually quite annoying to imagine talking to your devices in crowded public space or at work or so forth.

1:57:33So maybe something that captures that automatically would be great. Like, you know, you've seen those like, yeah. I'm not sure if you've seen the YouTube videos. Where people sub vocalize. That would be cool. Yep. Yeah. Apple just bought a company that sort of looks at the skin movements. maybe can re-relate. There's a number of companies in the space that seem like it's coming and you'll just be able to plug into that as the hardware evolves. That seems cool. But also just my natural environment absorbing more of my context and being able to just like talk to, you know, like having speakers around my house or something like this rather than having to bring my phone around me.

1:58:06That would be cool. Do you see any world where on-device computation becomes more important? I feel like Anthropica as a whole is so back-end heavy. Like, none of the computation is done on the device. But that could change in theory. I don't know what you think about the future. I mean, I think our general perspective is that a given level of intelligence, you know, I mean, we've seen this trend, right? Intelligence gets 10 to 50x cheaper for a given level of intelligence every year. Sure. Massively democratizes access to that level of intelligence. It's literally in my Twitter bio. It's like intelligence too cheap to meet up.

1:58:38Yeah. Because this is in large part one of the things I worked on at Google and I've also worked on it with.

1:58:45And one of the ways that happens is that that level of intelligence goes on device. But then there's always, because scaling keeps continuing, there is this exponentially greater set of use cases which the models then get applied to. So it's totally plausible to me that some subswarm might exist on your computer or you might get a laptop that has better memory bandwidth and so you can have little models complete stuff. But at the same time, then you also want the much greater intelligence going out there and sort of like planning and farming things out to swarms and really like munching on the intensive and intellectually difficult work.

1:59:17Yeah. Jordy, anything else? Have the market sell-offs due to various anthropic releases been generally predictable or have there been any that have been surprising? I mean, I've honestly, I didn't even notice the last one because I was just heads down on the launch. But look, in this case, I think it's a little bit much to ascribe it to an Anthropic launch. I mean, there's been legal tools released with AI. We have many, many customers with legal tools that do work for lawyers. I don't think this is crazily different to any of those. And I think this is part of just a continuing trend that we've seen.

1:59:55Yep. Well, thank you so much for taking the time to come talk to us on launch day. Great to get the update. Can't wait to talk to you the next time. We'll see you. Have a good rest of your day. Let me tell you about Graphite, code review for the age of AI. Graphite helps teams on GitHub ship higher quality software faster. I'm also going to tell you about Vanta. Automate compliance and security. Vanta is the leading AI trust management platform. And I'm very excited for our next guest. We have Dan Barkella from T1 Energy. He's the chairman and CEO. He's in the Restream waiting room. Now he's in the TV What's going on?

2:00:29How are you doing, Dan? I'm doing great. Thanks for having me. Thanks so much. First time on the show. Would you mind introducing yourself and the company? and then I'd love to know about the journey to the company. And then I have a bunch of questions about energy, but we can start with an introduction, if that's okay. Sure, great. Dan Barcelo, I've been doing energy all my life, a native New Yorker, now a proud resident in Texas, and we're building a lot of different energy systems. You know, my journey took me a lot through different parts of the world, building oil and gas systems. And now we're really focused on building solar in America.

2:01:00It's an exciting time to be doing it when everyone knows we need a lot of electricity and a lot of energy. Yeah. How did you wind up with T1? So T1 was a company, we saw the need for particularly utility scale, grid level type of energy systems to be, I don't want to say disrupted, but needed to be impacted in a large way. Whether it's on grid level storage or whether it's on solar. We were doing quite a bit on the grid level battery side. And the battery side, quite frankly, had a wall of competition from you look left at Samsung. You look right, it's LG. You look this way, it's Panasonic, and you've got CATL behind you.

2:01:37And then, oh, my God, here's Tesla. But when you look at solar, it was very different in the United States. It predominantly was by Chinese companies. The American technology of solar was something we kind of almost forgot how to do in the U.S. and build it out. But we had an opportunity to buy assets, buy the technology, buy the know-how. Now we run it. We bought a 5 gigawatt asset in Texas late 24, and we're building a second part of the plant, which I can get to in a second. So for us, it was really about how you get it. You should have seen our initial reaction to the T1. We saw our first interaction with T1 was seeing the video of your facility.

2:02:14And John and I were like high-fiving. This is amazing. America's got it. We can build solar at scale. And then, of course, we figured out the history of the company. and we're very excited but we're excited that it's an american asset now yeah and look we have a million square foot facility in dallas that is you know we brought that from producing zero wow we commissioned that and brought it up to producing uh over five gigawatts in an annual runway in november so so that was a lot of work a lot of robots in the factory but a lot of human a lot of humans uh you know so you know we'll we'll unfortunately what is the yeah talk about maybe talk about the scale of the operation in the context of overall US solar panel production because I think people hear five gigawatts and maybe they can wrap their head around that but it's a meaningful percent of overall production is that right the US is about 50 gigawatts so this alone is about 10 percent of American production it's extremely automated it has 1200 people it's running 24 7 except of course during those ice storms that people don't know how to deal with in Texas.

2:03:23It's more about the people driving to work than the factory, but it's of significant scale. It's one of the most modern in the world. Yeah. How does that 50 gigawatts of capacity in the United States compare to China? Can you lay the sort of geopolitical backdrop and get me up to speed on how much the American government is doing to support this effort? So look, China is up to over 1 ,000 gigawatts, 1.2 terawatts of capacity. China's adding, from last year, probably close to 350 to 400 gigawatts. That's close to the American grid. So it's almost like China can add an entire grid just in solar.

2:04:07So the numbers are wild. I don't believe China's doing it to do lower carbon. I think China's doing it because they need to grow very, very, very fast. And I think that's what you're seeing last two or three years in the United States, where solar and storage is also taking 75, 80 percent plus. You asked about what the U.S. aspects for it. I think the U.S., both Democrats and Republicans, have done a lot of disincentives and a lot of incentives for advanced manufacturing. Whether it was the IRA in the past or the OBBBA now, those incentives are in place. There's a lot of tariffs in place. I think a lot of those create an ability for the U.S.

2:04:45to be a level playing field with other competitors. Quite simply, I think America lost a lot of its manufacturing muscle. We're building a new facility outside. It's about an hour north of Austin in Rockdale. It used to be an old Alcoa plant. Now it's just a piece of dirt. We're building a 2.1 gigawatt solar facility there that's going to make the cells that go into our plant in Dallas. So what are the main bottlenecks? Is it purely capital? Because ideally T1 could just copy and paste the Dallas facility a thousand times. But what does it take to actually do that? The solar chain is really cool because it's almost like four different parts.

2:05:24It's got the digging out silicon, making polysilicon, the rocks. Then you're going into ingots and wafers. And those wafers are also very similar in the semiconductor industry. Then it kind of splits. The high-grade stuff goes to semiconductors. The low-grade stuff goes to solar. Then you take a solar cell plant. The solar cell plant is basically a low-grade semiconductor plant. You're making the cells, making a fab, and then those cells go to the low-tech part, which is in Dallas. Dallas is where I always joke about it. It's a 5-gigawatt site with 50 trucks a day bringing in glass, putting the cells in between and glue them together, and then you get 50 trucks a day going out with glass.

2:06:03So it's like Dan's Glass Company. We're just moving around. But the cell part's really interesting, and that's where a lot of the advances come from specialty gases to process equipment engineers to process equipment that's very specialized. That's the higher tech part. So for me, it's very interesting as we go backwards and integrate. To answer your question on how do we get more of it, it starts with contracts. We're a smaller company. We're not at the scale of what Elon's doing in terms of his announcement with solar. I don't have unlimited capital and funds, nor do I want a lot of dilution as a public company.

2:06:38We need contracts. Those contracts then allow us to get the risk capital that we need to build these plants. But the building part is not the hard part. I'd say the building part in America is more about navigating through certain regulations, navigating through certain delays there. Texas, I think, is very conducive. But as long as I have power, as long as I have access to water, and we go full recycling on the water, but as we go into water and power and low-cost inputs, we feel we're in a great place in Texas to build. Who are the main buyers? Is it traditional energy companies? Who are you spending the most time with?

2:07:16Or will you actually sell to an Amazon Web Services or Google who's building out a new data center? So we focus on utility scale. That's capturing largest utilities, but it's also capturing all the big tech companies that you'd mentioned too. We're usually selling directly through developers that then face those customers. Makes sense. Some of them don't, for confidentiality, don't want to be disclosed. One of them, Treaty Oak, we recently announced. They're a large developer based in Austin. So I imagine that they'll have a lot of their customers, exactly what you just said. The demand for data centers is surreal.

2:07:52The demand for power is surreal. A lot of the, you know, everyone knows we're waiting for turbines until 29 to 30. So you're not going to get that there. So if you want to start scaling power fast, you need solar and storage right now. So that's a big, big driver. And that's the bulk of what's driving the demand. Behind that, some smaller utilities are looking to add to the grid and capacity, but by far. The other big trend, though, is as you're running out of spaces to connect power and interconnections, a lot of things are shifting to behind the meter or distributed generation. This is where you're building first power islands.

2:08:25You're building data centers with power islands that can later connect to the grid. Because affordability is a big issue. Nobody wants a data center that's going to raise prices of electricity. And, you know, DeSantis was very vocal about that in Florida, like data centers kind of bring good jobs and things. But then, you know, what are they going to do to electricity prices? So I think it's really important that the industry gets a handle on how energy can also be in an area that's not going to put more stress on the grid. So just to restate the current status of the business, G1 is the first facility up and running.

2:09:00G2, you're building. What does the future look like? Like how far into the future? Obviously, you need the contracts to unlock new plans, but how do you want this to scale? Where else do you want to build? How quickly do you want to copy-paste these facilities? If I had the contracts, I'd love to copy-paste Dallas. Like that, you know, whether it's, you know, six months to a year. Those are fast. We've publicly said that we're, you know, on track to build G2 this year. And that's already started constructions. starting construction. We started that in December and we're tracking to continue to build that.

2:09:38So that's our main asset, our main focus. G1's operating, G2's in build. And then if I go to the next part of the supply chain, we get our polysilicon and our wafers from Corning and Hemlock so that we've completed the entire chain to be an American chain. Yeah. How do you think about the data centers in space? Elon's notorious for vertically integrating, but there's going to be a lot of players. It's probably a slightly different solar panel than what you might put on the ground, I imagine. Is that something where you're interested in talking to folks about a contract to deliver solar panels that would wind up on satellites in space?

2:10:14I'd love to. You know, I think when you look at silicon-based and probably more on the PERC side than the Topcon side, there's quite a bit of demand for low-Earth orbit in particular rather than deep space. so the silicon wafers do work in space. So the question really becomes, are we going to use it for terrestrial demand or space demand? Obviously, we're not sending up modules with glass up to space, but at the cell level or at the wafer level, we'd love to have and feed into that as a customer base. Love to do that. What do, I mean, being a public company CEO can be stressful. What do the short sellers get wrong about T1 Energy these days?

2:10:55you know being an ex-buy sider and an excel sider writing research reports about it you know i know the journey to be a portfolio manager or to be a sell sign analyst and get a lot of things right look at a lot of things wrong i think for the most part uh short sellers as competitors like to say like oh they're not going to make this or they're not going to you know do it the right way compliance with u.s law in terms of uh being a fiac you know uh foreign entities are concerned There's always concerns about the solar industry and misunderstandings about how China's influence is. That's something that I think is an old story.

2:11:31You know, we're an American company, American public company, New York Stock Exchange listed. And, you know, we bought an asset, you know, and we're running and building it now. But let's go for this. That's one of the biggest parts. I mean, the other part, you know, I get stressed because sometimes my IR guy goes, don't read Reddit today. I'm like, OK, but I want to. And I'm like, no. And then someone says, hey, go kill yourself or go to this. I'm like, Jesus, you know. Well, fortunately, some of your fans have come over to our chat, and they want to know, when are we getting merch? They want T1 merch.

2:12:04Any plans? We will put that site up as fast as possible and get the hat and get these things maybe without this logo here or this one here. I like it. Get that there. But, no, we're excited to get the merch. We love our shareholders. We're thankful for that. And I think we have a good feeling for all those parts. Yeah. Jordy, any other questions? No, it was great to meet you and come back on as you have new announcements. Yeah, I have one more thing. I'd love to know the shape of the company. It feels like an American re-industrialization process. How big is the company? It feels like you're a job creator.

2:12:44What roles are you hiring for? if this really, really scales, as I hope it does, and I hope we're talking in a couple years and we're talking with a terawatt after everything. With a T instead of a G. What does the shape of the workforce look like? We're 1 ,200 already in Dallas. We're going to be 1 ,500 in Austin. That's amazing. In Austin headquarters, we're going to be over 100. If I can do my recruiting call, go to t1energy.com careers. We need engineers. The more rogue you are as an engineer, the better. This has to be a new style of manufacturing. And I see you guys always, you know, Ramp is your big sponsor.

2:13:23We start, our whole thing is our corporate policy for expenses is very simple. Do not buy anything illegal, either good or service. Two, it's corporate money. Be careful with it. Three, we can watch everything you buy with your Ramp card, and we do with AI, and it's awesome. And the fact that no one has to do T &E reports or something, it's just about accountability to people. And we just have to build as fast as we can, as quick as we can, you know, so throw some of the old rule books out. But that's part of the reason we wanted to be in Texas and in Austin. There's a lot of engineers there. We need them from the semiconductor sector.

2:13:54We need them from the manufacturing sector, from the robotics sector. So it's all about that growth and more contracts, maybe some contracts for space one day, who knows? But the more contracts we get, the faster we can grow. That's amazing. Well, thank you so much for everything you're doing. Thanks for taking the time to come chat with us. Congrats on the progress. I'm rooting for you this is an amazing product at some point I think we were live between the first time we talked about T1 and the second the stock was up I think 150 % that's why we're podcasters not hedge fund guys we'll leave this on the buy side but yeah thank you for the work thank you so much for taking the time loud and clear, merch that's the most priority it's priority number two after re-industrializing America and saving the solar industry but it's a close second.

2:14:44Anyway, thank you so much, Dan. This was fantastic meeting you. You're welcome back anytime. We'll talk to you soon. Let me tell you about Fin.ai, the number one AI agent for customer service. If you want AI to handle your customer support, go to Fin.ai. Checking in on Amazon. Yes, what happened? Amazon's reported earnings down 7.5%. I'm trying to find a good summary of the results. Yeah. Yeah. While I work on that, maybe we head back to the timeline. We can head back to the timeline. We can also do this Wall Street Journal sort of trend piece about your AI habits. Obviously, we saw a lot of the 4.0 folks in the chat.

2:15:24The new family intervention, we need to talk about your AI habit. People are getting clingy with their chatbots. This is a knock-on effect of relationships between artificial intelligence and humans. And the Wall Street Journal says it's giving their loved ones pause. So I want to read some of this and you can give me your reactions. Tell me how you're using AI in your daily life with your family. Before I do that, Amazon's projecting 200 billion of CapEx. Whoa. Let's hit the gong. Can we get the mallet? Let's begin the Lambda lightning round now. We have three great guests joining over the next half hour and it's Lambda lightning round time.

2:16:03So let's bring down the mallet. You can take this one, Jordy. You're ready. Unhook the Lambda mallet and hit the axon hit that apple and gong during the lambda lightning round there's doesn't like it but we like we like it we like it like big numbers we like it we like capex we're very excited to see that uh anyway let me tell you about octa first octa helps you assign every ai agent a trusted identity so you get the power of ai without the risk secure every agent secure any agent. And we will go into this Wall Street Journal article about how people are interacting with AI. So it started as an innocent hobby to entertain and distract herself while going through a divorce.

2:16:46Erica Atchison used Anthropics Claude to build a bot that generates images based on prompts from her and her friends. Soon, she promoted Claude to an advisory position in her personal life. It didn't take long for her kids to think she might need a break from her new friend. These days there are two kinds of people, those who using AI for everything and well, everyone else. Super users are contracting out their work to groups of agents, amping up their productivity. They're dropping advice from ChatGPT, aka chat, as if the open AI bot is their most trusted consigliere. Counseling on everything from business strategy to whether or not you should let your friend get a perm.

2:17:24Interesting question. Everyone else is wondering if their loved ones may be taking things a bit too far. maybe some tasks should be reserved for humans. Maybe there's dignity in that. Maybe some of us like the way things are. Atchison says Claude was particularly helpful as she navigated a relationship she suspected wasn't going to go anywhere. He was like, quote, this is Claude talking, hey, I don't think you're going to be able to extract yourself from this if you don't stop talking to this person for a while, says the Portland, Oregon resident who works in operations for a tech company when she was later tempted to rekindle contact.

2:17:59Atchison would check in with Claude. Stick to your guns, it told her. AI hasn't been beneficial for every relationship, though. While her kids watch TV, Atchison likes to tinker with Claude. Her sons don't approve. It's a waste of her time, says Grayson, 11. She puts a lot of time into AI just to make boring old pictures. Wait, how is she making pictures with Claude? They don't have an image model. Must be calling some API under the hood. I don't know. Is she like, she's like on Cloud Code harnessing Nano Banana Pro? Maybe she's talking about the SVG images. Oh, yes, maybe. No, but there's an image in here that's her image and it looks like a Grok Imagine image.

2:18:37Maybe she's on Grok. This is an odd article. I'm very confused by this. Anderson8 has a different complaint. The technology's accuracy. ChatGPT couldn't correctly identify a Pokemon. Another time, it's just like, this is unacceptable. zero on Pokemon bench. I'm sell the stock. It's going to zero. It's over. It's over, says Anderson, age eight. Another time, Anderson struggled to get it to generate a suitable picture of himself. Once I only had one leg and once I had three legs, he said. This is so cute thinking about this eight-year-old being like, this is slop. This is slop, says the eight-year-old.

2:19:16Eric Davick, a startup founder in Brooklyn, uses AI for recipe planning, workouts, business strategy, and vibe coding with his son. The 42-year-old also uploads recordings of his executive coaching meetings to ChatGPT to analyze his progress. I've done some – I asked ChatGPT about a workout plan at one point. I don't go back to it that often. Recipe planning. I'll have a do – I did have a do a deep research report all around where we could go to food. Do you think it's actually good for, do you think, do you think all limbs are good for workout planning? It's just taking like the app. Like I typically want a workout plan that is, I mean, I don't, we don't, we work out every day and we kind of do a vibes based approach.

2:19:58I would say try to push it hard and not, we're usually talking about technology and business during our workouts. But I, you know, historically, let's say when I was starting to work out, I would find a plan, but I wanted it to be from a specific person that was making that plan with, with general, with, with an intention around it for somebody in that state, which was maybe like, I've been weight training for six months at the time. Yeah. Yeah. There's a huge, and so if you just take like, and the reason I ask is like, I've had terrible luck doing recipes, getting recipes from LLMs because I think it just takes the average of every recipe for a certain item on the internet and just kind of gives it to you.

2:20:39and you can end up with like, I think we tried to make waffles once and it just, the waffle, it was like, clearly the recipe was just wrong because they were like really runny. You know, it just wasn't working. It was like, it had botched the different - Well, you haven't used the latest models. You throw a codex 5.3 at that. Yeah, but it's, no, but it's obviously not an IQ. Waffle bench needs to be - It's not an IQ thing. It's just, it's just - We're creating waffle bench, we're moving the goalposts. It needs to be able to make waffles. Great waffles. Anyway, let me tell you about Cognition. They're the makers of Devin, the AI software engineer.

2:21:14Crush your backlog with your personal AI engineering team. Anyways, the wife of this, of Eric, the startup founder, says his wife is reluctant to use AI, especially for any writing-related tasks. A freelance journalist, she doesn't believe the technology can replicate her 20 years of professional experience. Her husband's use can annoy her, like when she asked him to write an important email to her son's school. As she read it over, something seemed off. I was like, this is basically the same paragraph, repeated three times, says the 45-year-old. She asked him, did ChatGPT do this? She says he admitted to it.

2:21:50She's probably not lying, he says. I don't remember the specific instance. I love how they're just like cross-interviewing. Yeah, it's very funny because I leaned the complete opposite way on like preschool applications once. And I was like, okay, I know that everyone else is gonna be using AI slop. so I need to write extra conversationally. And so I'm in the application being like, hey, what's up, my name's John. Just completely organically writing flow of state. And then I was like, I probably need to polish this up a little bit, but I'm definitely not giving it the LLM flavor because I think that that's gonna be a tell for a lot of people on the other side reading these.

2:22:28They're like, another thing, it's not that, it's not this, it's not that, a lot of another hyphens. People are getting sick of this slop. But what do you think, Tyler? Yeah, I just don't resonate with this article at all. Tell me more. Over Christmas break, I think I onboarded my dad to Claude Code. Yeah. I'm like, yeah, you need to be using the best model. You haven't tried 4.5 yet. What are you doing? Yeah, yeah. But what was the killer use case? Did you tell him, write software, get on GitHub? Did you get him set up? Just anything. Anything? Any task, just have Claude do it. Yeah. And it'll probably work.

2:22:59It'll probably work. I mean, I don't cook much, so I don't know about the recipe stuff. I mean, the funny thing is that like they're a recipe, you can just take a recipe book and open it. You can just Google a recipe, but you're like, I need Cloud Code to work for six hours to get me a recipe for waffles. It's like, like that's not actually the promise. That's not actually like advancing. Like the advancing is like, is like build me a piece of software that will generate me a new waffle recipe based on all what's happening in the news and what my kids are into and generate the images. Like do a lot more that would take a long time.

2:23:33you're not actually going to be saving time if you're using LLMs for something that's Google-able. I don't know. We're in a really weird moment right now where the models are good at so many things. They are also incredibly confident even when they're wrong. And sometimes you're making I had a friend that got a ticket for they were dictating a text to their phone while driving and they got pulled over and they were given a ticket. And they were trying to figure out okay uh they were trying to figure out okay am i going to get a point on are they going to get a point on their license for this infraction and i and the model was saying one thing but i've had other experiences very recently with models where they get it completely wrong so i was like okay like you kind of got like an indication good thing you had me good thing you had me that was something that was something else you texted me and i was like i know more than chat GBT about this topic.

2:24:31Anyway, let me tell you about public investing for those who take it seriously. Stocks, options, bonds, crypto, treasuries, and more with great customer service. And our first guest of the lightning round is here. Should we bring in Mandy Fields, the CFO of Elf Beauty. Welcome to the show. What's happening? Hello. Thanks for having me. Great to meet you. Would love a quick introduction on yourself since it's your first time. Sure. So yeah, I'm Mandy Fields. I'm Chief Financial Officer at Elf Beauty. I've been here seven years, my 28th consecutive quarter of reporting the results for Elf Beauty.

2:25:05Amazing. Amazing. And what's the latest? What's the news? Well, the news is we just reported another tremendous quarter, 38 % net sales growth, 79 % growth in adjusted EBITDA. Oh, hey. Yeah, I love that. And so we're really having a lot of fun over here at Elf Beauty. And that's the results. So what's driving that? Right now, I feel like there's so much uncertainty around the strength of the consumer broadly. There's so many different, like, you can look at government data and see one thing that might give you one signal. And then you look at report, you know, quarters like you guys are putting up and it says something else.

2:25:48But what are you guys seeing? Yeah, well, it really comes down to three things. Our value proposition, and so 75 % of our portfolio on the Elf brand is at$10 or less, and so that really speaks to that consumer seeking value. You pair that with our incredible innovation, the marketing engine that we have, who, by the way, I heard that you all are going to be at the big game Super Bowl ad, so congratulations on that. We will be as well. Thank you. I think we'll be at a smaller scale than yours, I'm assuming. I saw that. I saw yours was about$50 ,000. Something like that. Something like that, yeah.

2:26:26But yeah, well, anyways, I want to get into the Super Bowl too, but continue. And then we also have the incredible addition of RODE to our net sales performance. And so RODE is an acquisition that we did. We closed in August. That's Haley Bieber's brand, and it has just had tremendous performance. And so you take all of those things together. That's how you get to that 38 % net sales growth for the quarter. How is the marketing mix changing over the last few years? I mean, Meta had blowout quarter. It seems like ads are performing very well on that platform. The influencer economy is still growing.

2:27:02How much, what does the mix of marketing spend look like? Yeah, so our marketing spend is pretty well balanced. We allocate 24 to 26 % of our net sales to marketing and digital. And we are there on every platform where our community is present. And that has really been a key differentiator with Elf. I think that we are so close to our community. We keep our ear to the ground. And so that really comes through in our innovation and the marketing campaigns that we decide to put forward are really culturally relevant and connected to our communities. And how are you thinking about the agentic commerce question?

2:27:40Is this something that you need to do anything special for? Does it just naturally happen? It's still so early, but these things in AI, they take off so fast. I think it is still early. We're making sure that we have the back end correct so that we can participate in agentic commerce. But, you know, AI is just one of those things where this is kind of one of those technologies that can help on both the revenue side as well as the efficiency side. And so I think it's pretty incredible from that perspective. Is it possible to build a direct to consumer brand from scratch these days without a huge celebrity partner?

2:28:15It feels like more and more of the deals that I see that actually go the distance, get to big revenue numbers, they got somebody attached. Yeah, it's interesting that you say that because I think that's actually pretty rare for a celebrity brand to make it to this site. Like if I think about Haley's brand, Rode, you know, very rare to see a company go to$200 million in sales in less than three years on 10 products. I mean, you usually are seeing multiple products, multiple SKUs, categories to get there. And so I think what we found in Road is pretty rare. Yeah. Well, congratulations on the progress.

2:28:53Thank you so much. I wanted to, before you jump off, I wanted to ask kind of what, as CFO, how you think about Super Bowl ads. I'm sure this isn't your first rodeo. What kind of goes into it? But, you know, there's so many different ways to approach the Super Bowl ad. But what's kind of your logic going into it or kind of framework? Yeah, so Super Bowl ads are really about building awareness behind your brand. And so this is not our first rodeo. I think our first time was four years ago. We came with an ad with Jennifer Coolidge. It was a lot of fun. This year we have Melissa McCarthy as the actress in our Super Bowl ad.

2:29:36It's fantastic. So I really think it's about building brand awareness. If I think back five, six years, our overall awareness was around 13 % as a brand, and now we're over 40%. And I credit that to a lot of the collaborations and the things like Super Bowl that we've done over the years. So in terms of measurement? Yeah, so your CMO and your marketing team are not coming to you, and you're saying, like, cool, I'll give you the budget, it, but like, I want to see a move in top line the next week. It's more about those friends. I always say that. I always want to see that. Show me the money now.

2:30:09Yeah. Okay. But in fact, it is sowing the seeds for a longer term investment. There are other things that we look at that are more direct revenue drivers, but Super Bowl investments like that are for the long term. What is, last question for me, what's your kind of M &A outlook for the next couple of years? I'm sure in a perfect world, there'd be a new road every single year that you could roll in. But obviously, that's not the way, you know, great brands don't get, you know, started every single day or even year sometimes. So how are you thinking about it? Well, we have a great portfolio of brands with us today.

2:30:46And so that's really going to be our focus on the existing portfolio and building those brands out even further, whether it be e.l.f. and cosmetics and skincare, Naturium or Rode. we have some really great brands in our portfolio and so that's what we're going to be focused on if somewhere along the way we found another road, be happy to bring it to the portfolio, but stay and focused on what we have for now. Makes a ton of sense Awesome. Well, thank you so much for taking the time Excited to see the ad on Sunday Yeah, very excited. We'll talk to you soon Thank you so much. Have a good day. Cheers Let me talk about Cisco It's critical infrastructure for the AI era Thank you to Cisco for partnering with TVPN We had a lot of fun on Monday.

2:31:27At the Cisco AI Summit. Truly just great interviews. If you haven't already gone and seen them, go check them out. Back to the timeline. There is other news, as always. The number of horses per county? I didn't see this chart. And Chadson says, these are rookie numbers. Should be double, even triple this. Horses everywhere. Wall-to-wall horses. I agree. I am. There should be way more horses. I totally agree. I found out, as you know, in escrow on a new property, and I was talking to somebody very enthusiastic about horses, and I was getting the breakdown on what kind of horses I'll be able to support on the property.

2:32:14So they would give me the lay of the land. So I hope to contribute to it's going to be on everyone to get these numbers up, right? It's not enough for one of us here and there. Dara Khoshoshari, CEO of Uber, yesterday came on and said that 75 % of all land in cities is parking lots or something. That's not the real number. But there's a lot of parking lots. What's going to happen to them when we don't need them because of autonomous cars? Stables! Yep. You take your Waymo or your autonomous Uber into the city. You hop on a steed and you go from place to place.

2:32:49Excellent execution, Jerry. Excellent execution. I love horses I do love horses I also love Gusto because horses have Gusto the unified platform for payroll benefits and HR built to evolve with small and medium sized businesses the backbone of TBPN it is the backbone of TBPN according to the information upcoming avocado model from Meta is referenced as the most capable model to date internally this doesn't tell you that much it doesn't it's the most powerful iPhone ever we get it, we get it, we get it Not even that. It's like, this is like some, you know, like they could make the most capable model for meta could be the least capable if you compare it to their lab.

2:33:33Yeah. So, so yeah, but, but, but it's the same thing that the, that happens in WWDC where you stand on stage and you say, it's the most powerful iPhone yet. It has the most battery life of an iPhone ever. And it's like, well, if it was a less powerful iPhone, you probably wouldn't launch it. But it's very exciting to see that they're making progress and they're sending out memos and they're leaking to the information and they're excitement building. And I think that, I do think that we are going to get something pretty powerful. Yeah. No, I'm excited about it. And just based on the team, compute everything, like Avocado is a good name.

2:34:01And based on the team and the compute and the money, like they're going to jump to the frontier. Like there's just no question that they'll be really, really close to the frontier. We got to go back to the horses. Al in the X chat says they have two horses doing their part. Yes. So thank you. Oh, thank you, Al. And full circle. Get those numbers up though. Don't just say, oh, I'm doing my part. I don't. You've got to be growing exponentially. You've got to go to four, then eight, 16, 32, et cetera. Okay, just on the meta model thing for a second. Historically, food-based models with food in the name have done really well.

2:34:36You have nano banana. Yes. You have strawberry. Strawberry. Yeah. That's all I can think of. I mean, avocado, it's a good sign. Yeah. Okay. Okay. It's good. It's good. Wasteland Capital is doom posting. A black pill. Yes. Tech has now entered a liquidation spiral where people, e.g. hedge funds, are forced to sell good, cheap, accelerating assets like semis to cover their losses in expensive, decelerating, high P-E-S-H-I-T, like SaaS and AI victims. AI victims. Not sure how long this will take to play out. I don't know. It's been a brutal week. We needed the red suits this week. We did. But fortunately, our guest who's in person has a very special suit that I'm very excited to show you.

2:35:21After our next guest, who is in the Restream waiting room. Last post, Joe Weisenthal says, The sell-off in everything that is not canned soup is relentless. How's Caterpillar doing? Probably doing pretty well. Campbell's is up today. I love it. Up 6 % in the last five days. Flight to safety. Flight to Campbell's. Flight to soup. Buy some soup. Gemini 3 Pro, Google's most intelligent model yet. State-of-the-art reasoning, next-level vibe coding, and deep multimodal understanding. Our next guest is in the Restream waiting room. We have Ivan from Daytona. Great name. Great name. We love Daytona. We got to talk about this because you had one of my favorite interactions on X.

2:36:05This was like a month ago. You remember you said something like, I'm working late on a Sunday and somebody commented like that. Yeah. Why are you even doing that? Nobody knows who you are. And Ivan was like, that's exactly why. Oh, that's so good. That's a great response. That's a great response. Yeah. So it was basically, um, the reason was like, uh, it was just for the holidays and everyone was talking about, Oh, no one, no one took a break on the, during the summer. So we're all taking breaks on, you know, winter, like founders and investors or whatever. And I'm thinking like, are we serious?

2:36:41This is like a once in a generation opportunity. And like, if you go rest, like you won't probably make it, right? And I just tweeted that. And then to your point, someone was like, I've never heard of you. Like, exactly. That's why we have to work. So yeah. Well, hopefully people hear about you now. Why don't you introduce yourself and the company? Sure. So I'm one of the co-founders and CEO of Daytona. Daytona is on a mission basically to give every single agent a computer or a sandbox, as it's popularly called, right? And so the team has been working together, the founders, for almost 20 years.

2:37:14So we're quite old and we've always been in front of people, everything from screwing together servers to creating orchestrators or whatever. Interesting. Orchestrators, tell me more about where you're seeing the orchestration market going. I'm a big fan of Gastown and the metaphors. And it feels like it could be like the hot new trend, but I don't know if it's too early or where we'll see all that go. I mean, trends keep changing, as you've seen. Like every two months, things change. But one thing is for sure, and this is what, I mean, I love what Gas Town is doing and all these others, which is basically the ability to spin up multiple of these agents.

2:37:50Each of these agents needs a computer. And I don't think we stop here with like two or four or 10 or 50. Like this will go exponential. And so that's why we're doing what we're doing. So we really love what Steve is doing at Gas Town and all these other people that are creating this. Talk more about where the product is, the evolution, where the team is, kind of the current state of the company and where you want to go. Sure. So the company is almost three years old, but we actually like hard pivoted and like fired all our customers and everything. And we decided, so yeah, that was a hard one.

2:38:22And we saw what was coming. We weren't actually a first, but we did see that agents would need these computers. And so we actually rebuilt the product from zero, launched it eight months ago. And since then, we've got the number of customers has been insane. The growth has been insane. We've got everything from YC companies, growth companies, Fortune 100 companies, everyone building agents either internally or as products are using us or someone like us. So yeah. Talk about why an agent needs a computer. There's been this debate over Open Claw, formerly Claude Book around like, oh, should you host it virtually or should you run it on a MacBook mini?

2:39:06And if you do run it locally, that's a security risk. But then you talk to the people and they're like, okay, yeah, you're running in the cloud, but you still gave it access to your email. And so like you kind of let the fox in the head now. So what does it mean to actually provision a computer versus just APIs to other compute resources? Yeah, exactly. So I think that's the most interesting part where originally agents were like these, use like rag-based systems, they could connect to APIs and they can usually consume information, analyze it, give you some feedback and fire off some tasks. But if you actually think about that, if that is a way a digital knowledge worker would work, the two of you wouldn't have laptops in front of you, right?

2:39:45Like there's, it's not that ideal. It's, you know, it's messy. You have to download things, you have to install things, you have to analyze things. And if we think of AI agents as digital knowledge workers, it actually makes like super sense that they do need these computers. The OpenClaw, or whatever it's called right now, and Cloud Code and whatnot, I can't remember, there's like three names. It's OpenClaw. OpenClaw, yeah, OpenClaw. Yeah, so this just shows everyone buying Mac minis. I think this just made people understand why it needs computers. But if you look at our use cases and what people use H1 to build for, we basically have three, which is code and command execution, computer and browser use, and RL.

2:40:24And so the first one, like the canonical, these are not our customers. I'll just say the highest brands just so people know. If you think of like Lovable, you as a human type with Lovable and then it spins up a sandbox to write the code, preview the code, and run the code. And so Lovable has how many users? And so it needs like hundreds of thousands of these sandboxes to be run so their agents can get there, right? The second one is like if you need your agent to do QA testing of Booking.com's website. It needs a computer to be able to run the browser to be able to do these things. and the most, the newest sort of use case for us is just like the RL environments and I think Dylan Patel who was a guest yesterday on your show and also, I'm going to also know we're doing a conference next week and so he's one of our guests.

2:41:08He's going, you got him. Yeah, he's going. So at the Chase Center, we rented out the Chase Center to do the conference called Compute. That's amazing. So you're very invited if you guys want to join. And so he has this article about RL environments and how most of the models have now over the last 18 months become better because of post-training and spinning up these are all environments. And these companies to spin up these are all environments, they need not only fast computers or sandboxes, they need them in concurrency. So they need 100 ,000 or 200 ,000 to be spun up in an order of like three minutes, right?

2:41:40This is not a trivial thing and not something that you can really take off the shelf. And so when you think about why agents need computers, like when you really think about the market of AI agents and softwares, that's sort of where that fits in. I want Dylan Patel doing the little Yachty walkout that he's, he's made fake AI versions of it so many times. And now he's at the chase center, a hundred, a thousand, 500, 1500 builders there. You got to get the little Yachty playing so he can do the walkout. I saw first Mark in the chat. Give us the news. What happened? Break it down for us. We raised a$24 million series.

2:42:16Boom. Thank you so much. Thank you so much. Yeah, very impressive progress. Yes. And I'm sure he'll be back on very soon. And have a great time at the conference, pulling together 1 ,500 people. Yeah, we're excited. Thanks so much. We'll talk to you soon. Great to meet you, Evan. Have a good rest of your day. Goodbye. And without further ado, we've been keeping our next guest waiting. He's live in the TVP and Ultradome. It's Scott. He's suited up. He's suited up.

2:42:54Thank you so much for coming. Look at this suit. Is that game worn? Someone's got to bring some swag to this show. No quarter zips here. No half-ass knit. Custom suits only. What's the origin of this suit? No, Shinesty. I got a prep. You guys got your sponsors. I got my sponsors. Shinesty.com. They make all my custom suits. By the way, it's a shame the sports card company, Fleer, isn't still in business. Fleer? Remember Fleer sports cards? Yeah. Because then they could have called us the Fleer Ultra Dome. You've been giving out gold medallions. I had to do that for Dylan. Dylan needed a Fleer Ultra Dome.

2:43:34Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. Sorry. He's a big, he's a big. Yeah, how'd you meet Dylan? Dylan and I met at HQ. Okay. When he came on board, I was hosting it. He came on board as a partnerships guy. Yeah. Absolute wizard. He is. You guys are so lucky to have him. We are. With Savvy, if we were just a little earlier in marketing, maybe we could have hired him first. Yeah, yeah, yeah. You guys, we'll poach him one day. Yeah, yeah. That'll be a good talent work. That'll be a good day. And then, yeah, yeah. Introduce Savvy, get us up to speed, and then, of course, we'll go back and talk a lot about HQ. Sure, yeah.

2:44:03So Dylan and I met at HQ where, if your viewers aren't familiar, was this live interactive mobile game show viral phenomenon back in 2017. You guys played? Oh, yeah. HQDs here? Of course we're HQDs. All right, all right. I never won. I don't think I ever won. Neither did I, man. Oh, well, you were playing. That would be insider trading. It was tough, though. Honestly, part of the journey to Savvy is taking a lot of the learnings and insights from HQ, which tremendous success at first, viral international hit. But when you think about it, and in hindsight, you go, oh, maybe it was a flawed product because it was this really impossible game to win, right?

2:44:44Very few people actually won it. And a lot of very smart people, including Stephen Colbert, when I did his show, he told me behind the curtain, he didn't do this on the camera, he goes, I played your game a couple times. Didn't win. Stopped playing. And it's like, oh, interesting. Because if you're a smart person, you want to feel stupid. Yeah, just losing over and over and over. It's not a good feeling. So from that perspective, it was maybe not the best. Because, yeah, if you play Fortnite or Call of Duty and you're not doing well, they will pair you with other people that are at your skill ceiling.

2:45:11Like the skill-based matchmaking happens in most. You go to chess.com. You'll be matched with someone at your level, so you can get a couple wins under your belt. With HQ, it just gets more and more competitive, more and more competitive. Exactly. And then the company obviously has to raise the bar or else everyone wins. Yes, and iterating on the products, adding features, adding new formats. They just never quite got there. So with Savvy, one of the takeaways is we want to make this game something that everybody can play all the way through. Because with HQ, if you got out on question two out of 12, you were done.

2:45:39That's it. Yeah, that's right. So now you can play all five rounds of Savvy, which are word puzzles. Okay. We thought about trivia, but I think AI has put a kibosh on trivia for cash. Because it's just too easy with these bots, man. But with tech savvies in the game. Somebody would have just like the biggest bot farm in the world just winning every single time. I mean, they were already doing that eight years ago, so just imagine what you can do now. You guys were dealing with bots? Yeah. I mean, I don't know if it was AI back then, but there were Discord farms and bot people. I don't know. I'm not a tech guy, so I don't really know how that stuff works.

2:46:14But with Savvy, I mean, we're doing word puzzles. So it's basically like a live Wordle meets Connections. I don't know if you can play those games. So it's our version of that, five rounds, timed rounds. You can score points. And the key differentiator, you're playing against me. Yeah, it's you. It's the host. The host plays too. So imagine HQ if I was asking the questions and answering them. And if you answered more than me, you won. Imagine if that's how HQ works. That's how Savvy works. So if you score more points than me, if you solve the puzzles quicker, you beat the host. You're a host buster.

2:46:48A host buster. What's a day in the life like then? Right now? Yeah. Well, guys, I just moved to L.A. last week. So I'm trying to get my day in the life. Oh, I love it. I mean, I was here a few years ago. New York guy before? New York my whole life. But I spent about 21 to 24 in L.A., moved back to New York for some relationships, and came back here for my new relationship. My new commitment is this app because, frankly, the time zone. You're married to the game. I'm not married to anyone else but this game. I'm committed like Kurt Russell to Goldie Hawn. You know, I'm that level of commitment.

2:47:24That's great. Arizona iced tea, 99 cents. That commitment, that's my commitment. That's my commitment. But, no, I'm here for a week, so I really haven't gotten my day-of-the-life routine yet, but I'm trying to. I walk the dog in the morning. I'm still getting up early with that time zone difference. you know, having my coffee, making a breakfast, doing a great big French toast. Are you going to stay on New York time? I thought about that. It might happen. I mean, you guys are up early for the show, I know. So it actually helps, right? Kind of staying in that. We do the workout. We go get breakfast, prep the show, go live at 11.

2:47:54How important is going live at a particular time, the iteration, any of this, recording? Like, how are you thinking about just rotating another host, like your workflow and your involvement? because I feel like the unlock is the talent, is the host, right? For sure. And we're going to definitely find other hosts. We have to. I mean, I already just talked today about doing a gig in Miami on March 18th. So I'm like, all right, I got to find it. So we're going to have other hosts. We're going to have other shows. That's all going to happen. But look, this is so cool being here. First of all, watching you guys grow the way you have.

2:48:25I've been following along and watching. It's very cool to see. And it really brings - There's a lot of HQ in here. There's a lot of HQ in here. There's some clubhouse. There's a lot of different stuff that has been tried, and we just sort of pieced it back together. And you realize the importance of cadence, of going live every day. For you guys having that long show, for us it's a short burst of tight attention span. But no, a whole different thing. We're playing a game. But it really is like, so for example, we were doing beta shows weekly in New York. Okay? And I knew going in like weekly isn't going to really do it.

2:48:52Never do anything weekly. Always do it strongly. Ah, I like that. That's what we say. Is that loud too? That's good. So we started doing daily shows now. We're going live five times a week, Sunday to Thursday, school nights. live on school nights at 9 p.m. Eastern, but doing them here. So last Thursday, we had 1 ,200 peak concurrence, about 1 ,500 total entered. Last night, less than a week later, 3 ,000. Wow. So we've had doubling growth week over week. There you go. Monetization, we sold one T-shirt on TeePublic, got$3 for that. Cha-ching. So our first$3 is in the door. Fantastic. And I think we made$0.04 on TikTok Live for our simulcast.

2:49:31So we are monetization, post-monetization. There we go. Post-revenue. That's great. But no, listen, I'm bootstrapping this thing to talk business. Okay, yeah, I was going to ask. So you talked about some of the product challenges with HQ, just if the average user is losing every single night, that's rough. But, yeah, what about from a business standpoint? It also feels like HQ was in this position where once it had real venture dollars behind it, you just have to go for scale. And when you're bootstrapping, as long as the business is sustainable, there's no reason to stop. You can reach a point where you're like, okay, we've hit a ceiling and that's okay.

2:50:08Maybe there is no ceiling, maybe there is, but it doesn't really matter either way. Yeah, I mean, I don't have a very sanguine view about VC culture and the whole thing. Based on my experience with HQ, I mean, look, you give a bunch of young people a lot of money and just say, go scale a company, go lead a team, go manage people. Not very many people are cut out. Go compete with Facebook. Go compete with Google. But really, even just like personnel, I mean, also, you know, business sense. And, you know, most of these people didn't go to business school. Anyway, my point is we have like a philosophy here where we're really trying to just bring as much as we can to this as a full team.

2:50:45I'm putting my money in. One of my other co-founders is putting money in. And we are really trying to commit to doing this ourselves for as long as we can. We did take a couple meetings with some like early stage seed guys just to kind of validate the product. I'm not like the other VCs. I won't tell you to grow at all. The other question is, is this almost more suitable for someone who is in the entertainment industry and not thinking about this as, okay, this is going to be a tech company, an AI company, blah, blah, blah, but more like the values and the talent, the values and the community, the values and the product.

2:51:18I feel like in Hollywood and entertainment, it's very much calculus of like, hey, if we can spend$20 million to make this movie and it makes$80 million, that's a win. Yeah. And in VC, if a company says we're raising$20 million and we only ever want to make$80 million. And then we're opening it up and moving on to the sequel maybe in 10 years. Which also is insane to me because$60 million is not bad. I'm very happy. Give me a quarter of that. So, no, I mean, listen, I get it. There's a whole ecosystem of the investment. And listen, we're certainly open to it. Listen, we'll be open to it if we need to go there.

2:51:56but thankfully we're in a position, although I don't know after the market today, might have to reevaluate some of that. We'll see. Yikes. Yikes. Bad day. How did you originally get the job at HQ? You're just, you check your portfolio, you're looking in the mirror, put on, start putting on the cloud. I'm getting a text, I'm getting a text like, yeah, we actually do need a check right now. So if any VCs are watching. No, sorry. How'd you get the job at HQ? Oh, that was an audition, man. An audition. So, yeah, even though it was a tech company, they held full auditions. Did you see it on a talent casting website or just a Craigslist ad, a flyer?

2:52:35It was purely like a friend networking thing. Yeah, I mean, a guy I used to work at The Onion. Let's give it up for networking. Oh, I love The Onion. Let's give it up for networking, yes. The Onion. You worked there? So in 2008, I interned there. Wow. And this guy, Nick, was the photo editor. Yeah. And we became friends. Hilarious. A couple young guys, funny guys hanging out in New York. Yeah. And we stayed friends throughout, you know, on Facebook mostly. But, like, I got my roommate a job at the company that was HQ, it turns out, because Nick had put out a message on Facebook saying, hey, I'm looking for an animator.

2:53:03My roommate was an animator, so Russ got the job there. Oh, yeah. And then lo and behold, a few months later, Nick calls me and goes, you know, we're casting a host for this game show on your phone. I'm like, I was about to move to L.A. This was 2017. I already moved out of my apartment in Brooklyn. I was ready to go. And I'm like, I guess I'll do one more edition. I've failed every edition. Just flunked them left and right for shows like Broad City. and Search Party. I remember the Delta commercial and Noah Syndergaard was going to take my shirt off and I was excited to do that. You were diced.

2:53:29Because I love Thor and the Mets. And I'm actually a JetBlue guy to be honest. Listen, I failed all those auditions and this is the one audition I got, the last one I took and it changed my life. What can I say? But you mentioned the whole media and tech hybrid and that's what made HQ very unique but also what makes Savvy unique because look, HQ had interest from NBC, Disney, Fox, also Facebook, also the venture capital. Founders finally put in$15 million. But very few companies have that type of dual interest and attraction from those major, major spheres of influence and money. And it's about managing those types of investment partners, but also just managing the product and understanding that when you're doing a live interactive game show on a phone, on your own app, just like what you guys are doing in terms of building your own network.

2:54:20You got to think about, yeah, there's technology involved. Look at what's happening with the streaming and everything. But it's a show. It's entertainment. And you guys are doing it all just like we're doing it all. It's exciting. It's very heady. It can be scary at times. Very few people are doing it. So give ourselves some credit for doing the media tech hybrid-ish. They said it was impossible. How soon do you think Zuck will clone Savvy? I would love for him to try. Someone else called H.Q. Yeah, yeah, no. That was up. Break down how you process that. Listen, man, I mean, they say flattery is the, I forget what they say.

2:54:54Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. Right, right, right. We like to say imitation just sucks. Imitation, especially imitation crab. It's for losers. Absolute losers. You ever that imitation crab meat in those California rolls? It's disgusting. It's disgusting and despicable, and you should be ashamed for imitating me. And you say this. I'm not flattered at all. Right, exactly. And nobody at CNBC would have any issue with that. We all imitate. We all remix each other. But that's the thing. It's like, what you guys are doing is like, oh, I don't need a job on CNBC. I can create my own goddamn CNBC.

2:55:27Make your own squat box. We love CNBC. Of course you do. But I honestly would have never even thought, oh, I should apply for a job there. I don't even know how to get into that world. It's just like, it didn't come naturally. Yeah, what you're right is like, yeah, if you asked John and I even a year and a half ago, So, hey, would you ever think about could we do business television? Yeah. You'd be like, right, right. Like we're like, let's have a podcast with two microphones. Just talk to each other. Exactly. And it turned into a TV show, kind of, but streamed online. But, you know, someone asked me when I was hosting HQ, I get interviewed.

2:55:56They say, well, where do you want to be in five years? What's the next move for you? Sure, sure. And I go, I'll be here for 20 years if this thing stays on. This is the future. It was so good. Unfortunately, it didn't last very long. But with Savvy, like I said, I am in this to win this for the long haul. My skin's in the game. Yeah. My face is, again, front and center, for better or worse. I don't think America, I don't think 100 % of America loves this face, but enough people do. Yeah. Enough people do. Yeah, what was chat back like? Chat can be a little rough, you know? Okay, yeah. We've been there.

2:56:27We've been bombed by all sorts of just today. I don't know if you saw. I guess word leaked that Sam was coming on to the— Leaked? We promoted it everywhere. Well, no, I'm saying it leaked to the part of the internet where there's a lot of people that are really frustrated that 4.0, the model from OpenAI, is being deprecated. A lot of people fell in love with the model, have a very close relationship with the model. And so we basically couldn't even look at the chat at one point because there was a message every second from somebody saying... I didn't realize how big that army is. I've seen a couple posts.

2:56:57I thought mostly maybe fake AI generators, something like they were there, they were real, and they had points to make. This is the problem with people who can't fall in love with a fashion model, They fall in love with AI models. Yeah, yeah. It's a whole different type of person, unfortunately. We have, like, a really core community that's really positive, and everyone gives each other feedback. Like, the core group is really, really solid. Of course. No, I mean, I'm just screwing around. Like, obviously, every chat's going to have a few trolls in there. Yeah, of course. But, no, we welcome everyone.

2:57:26And there really are, like, HQ, the community of HQ was so tremendous. These HQties. I mean, millions of people playing. I've heard from people who got married because they met someone playing HQ, you know. Strange families coming together again. How many people of the early user base for Savvy are just people that were waiting for it to be reborn? A bunch. I mean, what we noticed was, again, live interactive. Not a lot of people are doing it, and platforms aren't built for it. So even on TikTok and Twitch, when people are going live, they're finding hacks to make interactive gaming. But no one's doing this one-to-one interactive, the host versus the audience, streamer versus audience.

2:58:04Very unique. And that's kind of the thesis beyond building our platforms. We want to make this streamer to audience interaction that no one else is doing, live, appointment-based, games, cash prizes, the whole shebang. So how do you think about syndication and marketing, like turning the show that's live interactive? That's a very high bar. I mean, we see it with like the number of people that show up live and watch the whole show is way lower than the people that watch our RSS feed or YouTube videos or shorts or clips. And so how do you take something that you got to be there, but if you see it, you might be like, I want to be there for the next one.

2:58:37Exactly. Well, that's the marketing, right? I mean, we haven't spent any money on marketing. It's really just been my social media posts that have gotten us to these 3 ,000 people or so. That's great. And then, of course, you know, coming on shows like this. I'm hoping we get the TBPN bump tonight. Oh, yeah. I want to grab 3 ,500. We get to 3 ,500. If it happens, we're taking credit. We're taking credit if it's happening. You should. I mean, how about even Sam Altman's Trolls? We'll take you, too. We'll take you, too. Tell them that 4O's hosting. 4O's hosting. That is a dangerous proposition. 4O must host forever.

2:59:09They can never stop hosting. Wait, sorry. You touched on monetization earlier, but is this the kind of thing you get if 10 ,000 people, 20 ,000, 100 ,000 some days showing up every single night, they would happily pay some amount of money for that experience, right? Absolutely. Again, to bring it back to Dylan, who was the one responsible for getting those deals on board. I mean, ultimately, we were doing million-dollar deals for single shows. Yeah, but why wouldn't a player just subscribe, too? Oh, we have subscriptions also. Yeah, paid subscriptions, so you have that. Because I think if you're running...

2:59:47Yeah, I mean, I can just imagine if you have 100 ,000 people that play the game all the time, why would they not play? There's a lot of value there. Oh, yeah. We're going to do subscriptions. We're rolling that out for our season one premiere March 1st. Subscriptions and, of course, sponsorships can be a part of that, too. But, no, absolutely. I mean, when we see people on Twitch donating$10 a month to their streamers for nothing really in return, it's like, well, if we can offer, you know. I mean, it's just donated. It's like, you know, Patreon. It's support. No, it's support. And it's an amazing community of support out there, like from fans to artists, right, fans to content creators.

3:00:18So we don't have that mechanism yet. But when we roll out the subscription, it's like, hey, if you love Savvy, if you love Rockland Me, throw us some cash. And then we'll give you your digital rewards, your customizations. Yeah, Fortnite skins. Exclusive games, though, maybe higher prize amounts. Talk to me about a million-dollar HQ show. Like, what does that feel like for you? What's an example? Walk me through sort of like how those big shows, those big monetization moments came together. How they came together was we were able to get a million people playing in the game. If you get a million live devices, and it turns out, guys, if Dylan only knew this when we were making those deals, we probably could have doubled money.

3:00:55Because later on, we hired Nielsen, the ratings company, to come in and do a study. And they put like a 1.7 % multiple on our viewers. So frankly, people are looking over your shoulder. Exactly. If there's one person holding a phone, maybe there's an office all playing together. So honestly, two and a half million connected devices was our peak with The Rock when he hosted. That was a Warner Brothers sponsored event. So it was sponsored for Warner Brothers for a movie. To promote Rampage. Got it. It was the movie at the time. Yeah. Instant classic. Instant classic. Modern classic Rampage, of course.

3:01:25Okay, of course. Still getting paid. Still talk about that movie. But 2.5 million connected devices, really, yeah, close to like 5 million viewers. And then what's your interaction with the Warner Brothers team on that? Are you stopping? Yeah, during the show. Is it just overlays, graphics? Are you stopping doing ad reads? Like, what do they want to really make that pop? for a million bucks. It was, I mean, we showed the trailer. We put the trailer in the lobby. Sure. And we, I definitely talked about it. You know, probably wrote a whole script around. I think we did a Ready Player One deal. Maybe some questions that are linked.

3:02:00Some questions linked to it. A lot of, you know, graphical integration, the UX, UI. But I think it wore like the Ready Player One goggles on air even. That's cool. So that kind of stuff. And live product reads are going to be part of Savvy as well. Yeah, totally. Again, we're taking the live podcast ecosystem of ads, as you guys well know. You guys are like NASCAR drivers over here. Do you think that energy or compute will be a bigger bottleneck? Great question, and I don't know what either of those words means. Yeah, it's going to get expensive. But I expect you guys to train your own foundation model.

3:02:34Our own replicants. We got a foundation model right here. You're a foundation model of a man. I'm a foundational element. I'm a fundamental aspect of consciousness live on your screen. I love it. Real humans are going to be a scarce commodity in the near future. How are you thinking about building the team? Yeah, I mean, it's important, obviously. I'm CMO, co-founder technically, so we've got our COO Josh, our CTO Ben, and CEO Johan. Johan and Ben are based in Europe, actually. Most of our team is in Europe. We're distributed across the globe. And they're doing a lot of the hiring decisions there for the key roles, back-end stuff.

3:03:14We're looking, but we are looking, you know, animators, social media manager, community managers key. And really we're looking for just, you know, it's like the be, do, have way of thinking. We just want people who are going to be their best, bring their best self to the job. And if they're doing that, then they're going to have success and we're going to do well. Yeah. Did you get any inbound from companies that wanted to dip their toe in live, post HQ, people that want to, like, what was the post HQ sort of like idea? a maze for you. Oh, it was wild, man. Because I imagine you could just go and say, like, I'm going to be an actor, put me in a TV show or whatever.

3:03:51There's game shows. You can compete in that. There's also a lot of tech people that were aware of you. How do you navigate that? Well, I mentioned the failed auditions before. I'm not much of an actor, it turns out. So I wasn't going to go that route. Play yourself well. I do play myself well. You know, that's all I really need to know how to play. Just me. The way I look at it It is like there was probably two dozen people that contacted me over the last seven years. You know, I had this baseball show. I went from HQ to this baseball show called Change Up on DAZN. It was supposed to be a three-year deal.

3:04:22COVID killed that. The major leagues became the force majeure leagues, is the joke I like to make. And they killed, it's a contract joke. Yeah, because baseball went on hiatus. Baseball was on hiatus. There was no need for the show. And they used it as an opportunity to pull the plug. So I lost that gig. But look, I had like dozens of people reaching out about all sorts of things. I even tried to start a company back in 2019, 2020, pre-pandemic with a guy. And that had its issues. But, you know, the thing about these guys who hit me up, and it was Benjamin and Johan, these two randomly on Twitter.

3:04:56They messaged me over a year ago now and said, hey, we have this idea. Interaction, host versus streamer. And I'm like, I've heard a lot of pitches. I took the meeting. They show me their demo. I was like, these guys are like 27, 28 years old. And I've met with lots of people, lots of ideas, some fly-by-night stuff, some really earnest people, but just doing the right team, right product. These guys seem like they had the experience with mobile gaming. That's what they pitched me on. They go, we work at mobile gaming companies here in Europe. That's what you need. That's what we need. So they know the retention mechanics.

3:05:24They don't necessarily have needed to do the exact same thing, but having done something, the scale, the interaction, the engagement, all these things. Something else lacking from HQ, by the way, I don't think a single person on the team had mobile gaming experience or Hollywood production experience. It was wild. No one had any experience. No, seriously. Does anyone here have experience? I mean, very talented people. I'm not taking any way to them. But, you know, coming from Twitter, coming from Uber, coming from, you know, big tech companies. But I really don't think, I mean, maybe I'm wrong, some engineers, maybe.

3:05:56But mobile gaming is a very specific field. And, again, entertainment and Hollywood media is very specific. So I brought that entertainment side of things. These guys have the mobile gaming tech side of things. We've married together. Our CEO, Josh, is kind of the glue guy who's really keeping the company running and taking care of all that. And also our production manager helping set up the streams. He just did a whole overhaul of our new studio here in L.A. Shout out Forever Dog Studios, our version of the Ultra Dome. But no, I mean, it takes, as you know, which one's this? That's a dog panting.

3:06:28What's the name of the studio? He said Forever Dog. Oh, Forever Dog. So we played dog sounds. I liked it. Okay, Forever Dog. There we go. The dog. Forever Dog Studios. Thinking of my guy right now. Just left my dog at home. Nice. But no, man, it's a unique entity, what we're doing. I say we because you guys are doing it too. How are you going with that? I love media. I love that it's a business that doesn't exist if you don't show up and make it every single day. That's great. And that scares a lot of people. And sure, there's downsides to that. A lot of people want to say, you know, the idea of SaaS, it's beautiful.

3:07:02You build this thing one time, you sell it. Cash flow, passive income. This is not passive. I heard you talking about UGC. Yeah. And this is the classic dilemma for me because what HQ did, I think, amazingly well, the most innovative aspect of HQ was the fact that it was an app that worked for 15 minutes a day. Yeah. And it was not UGC. It was PGC, producer generated. There was a single show, a single purpose on this customized platform. What a concept, right? Because you could say, well, let's open it to everybody. And the funny thing is, the twist on this is that HQ derived from a previous iteration of an app called Hype.

3:07:41So the founders, they had a company called Intermedia Labs, and it was about building apps. They built some kind of dance app for Instagram. They built an app called Hype. And it was, we're going to allow people to make their own talk shows from their bedrooms, give them templates, give them music, almost like a TikTok talk show thing. And I don't know, maybe a few thousand people downloaded it. One woman was doing a trivia show from her bedroom. And they saw the show. They're like, let's just do our own show. And that's how they got the idea for HQ Trivia. So they tried UGC at first. It wasn't working.

3:08:10The PGC model. Yeah, the challenge, it's a very small market of people. even Twitch is still so power law driven in that you take away the top 30 creators in the platform is probably worthless. It's very true. So we are basically kind of gatekeeping the creators on our platform, very highly curating it is probably a better way to say it. Curating it to just me right now. But we'll open up. Scott's gatekeeping. That's like a negative word. I don't say gatekeeping anymore. But you guys, I want to bring you guys on the show. Yeah, that'd be great. You'll co-host with me. Love it. We'll do cross promo.

3:08:43We know how it works. Oh, the app is in the App Store, and I want to read this review. It's amazing. HQ done right. This app is so much fun. I've missed the live game shows of the 2010s, and this app delivers on the best of those. Not only is Quiz Daddy back, but there's also new features that reward you just for playing the game. Excited to see how savvy grows from here, but they're off to a promising start. Five stars. Sounds like ChatGPT. That's very nice. I mean, really, the feedback has been phenomenal. The community has been phenomenal. Can we sponsor a suit? Yeah. Do you want your own costume?

3:09:17No, no, no. Yeah, I want to do a TVPN suit that you wear during the game. Ooh. Oh, I like that. Oh, you got stickers. I'll give you some stickers. I'm going to do a trade here. Let's do it. I like it. Console will allow it. And, yeah, for sure, I'll wear a TVPN suit. Let's get the custom TVPN suit. Love it. Congratulations. I'm super excited for you. It sounds like you have a fantastic team. Founder market fit. Yeah. This is the fit. Our friend Jeremy Gaffan talks about this idea of everyone is like pre or post fall. Like there's people that are doing really well, and yet they haven't been like deeply humbled by life yet.

3:09:55They've never suffered a setback. You've gone through that now. Daddy knows. Daddy's eaten a helping of humble pie or two over the years. It tastes pretty good, actually. Kind of more than your fair share. I can't complain about anything. I've been so blessed. Even these last seven years of wandering the desert to get to this point. But I'm so excited for this launch. And truly, if we can get the TBPN community on board tonight, download the app, playsavvy.live. On board the cameras, playsavvy.live. Do it. Android, Apple, tonight at 6 p.m. Pacific, 9 p.m. Eastern. Let's get over 3 ,000 concurreds, and I'm going to give you guys credit.

3:10:36Fantastic. Well, I think it's time to plant the bomb and get out of here. Thank you so much for coming on. We'll close out the show with you on here. Leave us five stars on Apple Podcasts and Spotify. And subscribe to the newsletter, tbpn.com. Yeah, we did have range. We went all over. It's fun. Sam to Savvy. Sam to Savvy. Nice bookend. It's good stuff. Living legends. Yeah. And we will be back tomorrow at 11 a.m. Pacific. We have Doug O 'Loughlin joining. We have a bunch of other fun folks joining the show. And have a great rest of your day. Have a wonderful afternoon and evening. We love you.

3:11:12Bye. Nice work, brothers. I'll see you on the next one.