[Bonus] Brian Keating on Humility, Chutzpah, and the Arrow of Time

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1:31Today on the James Altucher Show. In order to become the best writer in the world, you have to spend many years as a horrible writer believing you're the best writer in the world. Because to write a book, as you know, is really hard. I usually tell them, only do it if you'll regret it for the rest of your life. Because that's the regrets of the dying, so to speak. I'm going to have a quest. I'm going to figure out what happened at the beginning of time. So now, okay, what are the steps? I'm going to build this. this quest fills me with joy and progress on this quest fills me with joy and I'm going to make progress and feel joy every step of the way.

2:05There are so few books about non-nonsense nowadays like not about string theory or not about like multiple universes most of the science books are about those things because they can't be proven so the author will never be proven wrong in his lifetime. This isn't your average business podcast and he's not your average host. This is The James Altucher Show.

2:39So, James, there's a famous statement by Talmudic scholars that really echo what I think it takes to be a great scientist is to have both humility and be humble, but also a lot of chutzpah and courage. Because if you're only humble, you won't feel that you can accomplish and take on the greatest warrior of all time, which is mother nature. Like mother nature does not give up her secret. It's very hard to win a Nobel prize to discover something new, to prove a new law, theorem, or whatever. But on the other hand, you know, if you're only humble, you won't have that, you know, that kind of swagger.

3:11Let's just say swagger, not arrogance, because arrogance gets a bad name. So there's a famous passage in the Talmud and it says, a man should have two pockets. On one pocket, he should have the statement from the Bible that the whole world was created for me, just for me. And the other pocket should say, I'm nothing but dust and ashes. Because if you don't have that, you will not be humble, and you will be arrogant, and then you're prone to the fall that pride always goes before. So it's very interesting to know that you are also echoing that. In some ways, you are the best writer in the world, right?

3:41Let's not be falsely humble, but you're not the best writer in all categories in the world, right? You wouldn't say that. Right. What's interesting there is that this kind of goes side by side with the Dunning-Kruger effect. Think about writing. In order to become forever, I'm not even saying about me or anyway, in order to become the best writer in the world, you have to spend many years as a horrible writer believing you're the best writer in the world. because to write a book, as you know, is really hard. You have to sit down and write like a thousand words a day for let's say hundreds of days.

4:16And then of course, that's before the 18 rewrites to have a finished copy and combined with the humility to do the editing and the format and everything that's required to make, to put together a book. And then by the way, your first effort is going to suck. Like there's no way to avoid it. And like I wrote at least three or four books before I would say I even got a glimmer of skill into your writing. But every step of the way, I thought I was the best. So I was lying to myself. And you have to be able, that Dunning-Kruger blindness is so important to excellence. So either you have this kind of humility combined with confidence where you can do that, or you have to be arrogant combined with stupidity in order to do that, one or the other.

4:59And so I don't know if it's the traumatic advice or just being arrogant and stupid at the same time, the Dunning-Kruger solution that does it, but you have to have one or the other. Exactly, yeah. I do believe that without equal amounts of both, so to speak, we can't really make any progress. And to me, these laureates that I talked to, I said earlier, only two of the 22 I've ever interviewed said, yes, of course, I knew I was going to win the Nobel Prize. I should have won it earlier. I won't say who they are, but people might be able to figure it out. But the rest were like, no, I really didn't believe I would win it.

5:32Barry Barish, who wrote the foreword with you on the first volume, he said that he had the Nobel Prize imposter syndrome. In other words, he didn't feel like he should have won the Nobel Prize after he won the Nobel Prize. Like, how bad can it get? Because he thought Einstein was in a different universe than him. He didn't belong in this same universe, let alone the same book of Nobel laureates as he was in. So, yeah, I think it's important to have those balances. Don't be falsely humble. But at the same time, you know, these people are so interesting and so determined. But my whole thing is like nowadays resilience, like the David Goggins portrayal when you interviewed him is just so fascinating.

6:09But I don't know that it directly applies. Just keep toughing out. I mean, we don't have like Bud's week, you know, SEAL Team 6 and, you know, like you're just in water and freezing water for a week straight and then attrition, you know, just naturally sets in. We do have, you know, kind of qualifying exams and we have, you know, other things meant to, you know, kind of weed out, but it's not exactly like the Hunger Games the way the Navy is, and nor do I think it should be, but at the same time, you know, people should go into it with open eyes, that this isn't like, you should only do it if you can't see not doing it.

6:40When someone asked me if they want to go back to grad school, they didn't, you know, they didn't go to grad school after undergrad, as most people do who go through grad school, at least. They want to go back. I usually tell them, only do it if you'll, you know, regret it for the rest of your life, because that's the, you know, regrets of the dying, so to speak. Yeah. And that's true, not only for science, obviously, it's true with, oh, should I write a book? Should I not write a book? Should I move to LA and try to become an actor or not? But let me ask you a question, because this is related to my next book.

7:12What is the role? There's two ways of approaching success, I feel. One is you become obsessed with something, and you talk about this in your book. You become obsessed with something, and like you say, you can't not do it because you're obsessed, and it fills up every part of your brain. It fills up waking time and that's how you're able to compete against the people. If they're not obsessed, it's not going to fill up their waking time and the obsessed person will compete successfully against the not obsessed person. But the other thing is to approach things like a quest, which is, I'm going to have a quest.

7:45I'm going to figure out what happened at the beginning of time. So now, okay, what are the steps? I'm going to build this. This quest fills me with joy and progress on this quest fills me with joy and I'm going to make progress and feel joy every step of the way. I mean, they're both really analogies, but what do you think is more important for success or what's more interesting to read as a book, The Power of Obsession or The Power of Quest? Well, so my friend Ali Abdaal, who's a big YouTuber and podcaster, he wrote a blurb on the back of the book. And his book is called Feel Good Productivity.

8:15And he wrote, Professor Keating's book, Surprising Habits, Mental Models and Mindset Shifts, shared by dozens of Nobel Prize winners, Keating reveals the hidden scaffolding of genius and how anyone can adopt it to do their life's best work. It's a masterclass and focus from those who have changed the world. The reason I interviewed him is because he quotes in his book, Feel Good Productivity, Donna Strickland, the famous Nobel laureate who invented LASIK surgery techniques and who refused to be like you, unlike you rather. She refused to write the foreword because she's too damn busy boxing her time doing deep work as my friend Cal Newport, who also wrote a blurb, very honored to have all these blurbs on the back.

8:51but they're all productivity blurbs. And, you know, he says in his book, quoting her, that the most important trait she had was play. Winning the Nobel Prize, he says in his book about her, felt like play. And so I quote that in my book. So in other words, do what passes the time so quickly. Do what gets you in that flow state because you can't like, I don't know anyone who gets in a flow state, you know, getting a colonoscopy, right? I mean, maybe there are people that's kind of sick, but, and thank God that people do it. Like, here's an example. I have a good, good friend goes to the same temple I go to.

9:26He's a pediatric neuroscientist. That means he deals with kids and he operates on kids that have brain tumors. Sometimes they're inoperable and he has to tell the parents that. I don't think he's ever in a flow state, James. And so now he's like, maybe I should leave. I feel horrible for him. He comes home and he's depressed and I hope he doesn't because it would be a blow to the world and these kids, but I wouldn't blame him if he did. but I don't know why he got into that field in knowing how sensitive he was. Maybe it came upon him less as a kid and more as an adult with his own kids. The thing I would say is you want to go for that thing that gets you into that flow state that you would do for free because as they say, do what you love to do and you'll never work a day in your life and then people say because you'll be unemployed.

10:14Take a quick break. If you like this episode, I'd really, really appreciate it. It means so much to me. Please share it with your friends and subscribe to the podcast. Email me at alcatra at gmail.com and tell me why you subscribed. Thanks.

10:35So things have gotten really busy for me lately. And I've asked for it. Like I'm doing all things I love doing and wanting to do. but I'm very busy and I have to be focused on every single thing. And some of these things that I do during the day, like basically I'm helping run three different businesses plus I'm doing three podcasts a week and I have to read and prepare for each podcast. I'm writing a book. Those are just like my professional career things and then I'm doing all sorts of other things. And I often have to switch from meeting to meeting to meeting and my brain has to stay focused And I don't want to take any stimulants that's going to get me like overhyped or overstimulated and not, I really want to function optimally.

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13:06Being an entrepreneur is a 24-7 job. And when you're hiring, you need a partner that works as hard as you do. That hiring partner is LinkedIn Jobs. When you clock out, LinkedIn clocks in. LinkedIn makes it easy to post your job for free, share with your network, get qualified candidates that you can manage all in one place. For one thing, you can post a job. LinkedIn's new feature can help you write job descriptions and then quickly get your job in front of the right people. You get qualified candidates at the end of the day. The most important thing to your business is the quality of the candidates.

13:38And with LinkedIn, of course, you can feel confident that you're getting the best. Based on LinkedIn data, 72 % of small and medium businesses say using LinkedIn helps them find high quality candidates. Find out why more than 2.5 million small businesses use LinkedIn for hiring today. Find your next great hire on LinkedIn. Post your job for free at linkedin.com slash altature. That's LinkedIn.com slash Altature to post your job for free. Terms and conditions apply.

14:31today. Pacific Life Insurance Company, Omaha, Nebraska, and in New York, Pacific Life and Annuity, Phoenix, Arizona. With that, James, I can't wait to hear about your new book. You got to come back on the end of the empire. Maybe we'll do another one because I do want to explore the attributes of the books because right now, you know, the book sales and book, you know, publishing for science books is very, very challenged and it's kind of unlike any other time in history. I do feel like it's different. There's so much teaching and nonfiction you can get from AI or from blog posts. What are the arguments?

15:06Why should I write a book about Jim Simons? What's the market like for it? How do you do it in a way that doesn't dumb stuff down? I never like to dumb stuff down, but that makes it accessible too. I hope we can talk about that and your new book. What are you thinking about, Carl? What's your inner book publisher and so forth tell you? I don't know. It's one of those things where, and this has been happening to me a lot lately, A lot of times, let's say I have to give a talk. I had this happen the other day. I had to give a talk at Google. And about two weeks in advance, I didn't really know what I was going to talk about.

15:37And I just kept thinking about it and thinking about it. And literally, no joke, three in the morning, I wake up and it's as if the talk is downloaded to me. And this has been happening to me more. It almost, like 10 years ago, if you told me people come up with ideas like this, I would say that's a cliche. but it's been happening to me more and more where I don't know something and I'm just mulling it over, mulling it over, mulling it over and then unexpectedly I'll wake up in the middle of the night and figure it out. So I don't really know the answer. I know the story and I know roughly the story.

16:11I know roughly the amazing adventures I've had in the past couple of years and I know roughly how I will tell it. I just don't, it hasn't really fully congealed in my brain yet but I have faith it will at some point and get downloaded in some way. But part of the process is asking these questions to people I respect and want to hear the answers to. Well, that reminds me, on the back of the Nobel Prize in physics, the front has Alfred Nobel's image on it. On the back is called the genius of science. So the genius was like the spirit, this goddess that would visit you in the night and make apparitions that would then be perceived as basically effortless and so forth.

16:50But I think that kind of is belied by the fact of how hard it is to write a book, how lonely it is to write a book, how incredibly painful. Hemingway said it's like you sit in front of a typewriter and bleed. Nowadays we have Scrivener or Google Docs or whatever, but a lot of stuff hasn't changed. I talked to my agent and he's basically kind of discouraging me. Maybe we'll do this for one more minute because I do have to go and have some birthday cake at some point. He told me, he's like, there are so few books about non-nonsense nowadays. like not about string theory or not about like multiple universes.

17:27Most of the science books are about those things because they can't be proven. So the author will never be proven wrong in his lifetime. Like Stephen Hawking famously wrote tons and tons of nonsense in A Brief History of Time, which is one of the greatest science books of all times. But it's really, he was a salesman. He knew how to pitch something that he couldn't be wrong about, that would stimulate the mind, that would be perennial seller, like Ryan Holiday talks about, because it would never be able to be proven wrong. It's like predicting cold fusion or something. You'll always be right. It's always the future energy source, and it always will be.

17:59In this case, my agent, Max Brockman, whose dad is John Brockman, like Titanic. Oh, yeah, name's Agent. Yeah, so he's a super famous, old New York Jew kind of agent, just a lovely guy, office. But it's a dying kind of industry, and their logo has a floppy disk on it. But I love Max, and he just gives it to me straight. He's like, you know, your book about how the experiment is built is not going to sell, no one's going to care about that because that's like, you can understand it and it's like provable. But if you can write about something that nobody understands like string theory or, you know, my favorite thing is like quantum entanglement.

18:39It's funny that you mentioned, I should write this book on quantum computers because that's actually the one implication where quantum entanglement does take place and people say we do have proof of multiple universes via quantum entanglement as exhibited in quantum computing. I talked with David Deutsch, who's the pioneer of that, on my show. But anyway, so now I start to lean towards, well, actually there is a theory of everything, and it has like nine out of the ten predictions it makes have been proven, and nobody knows about it, but best of all, Jim Simons invented it, and it's called Chern-Simons theory.

19:13And it plays a role in many branches of physics, including quantum computing, but even biology, even geometry and other things. Churns, Simons, C-H-U-R-N-S, Simons? C-H-E-R-N space Simons. So Churn, Simons. This is the main accomplishment that Jim Simons had mathematically before he left and started in the hedge fund world. But this relates the properties of geometry to the properties of topology. So topology is like this coffee cup here, how many holes does it have in it? Like a pretzel has two. And so if you tried to put a rubber band around it, There are certain pathways that you couldn't deform it into a perfect ball.

19:50It would always have a hole in it like a donut. So a cup, a mug is not translational, isomorphic as it's called to a ball, but one of those Japanese kind of cups you get at the Chinese restaurant, teacups, those could be squished into a ball. Anyway, Jim showed how you could relate topology to geometry, which is like angles of triangles on a surface. And it turns out that actually the universe may show this property and it may be related to why we have an arrow of time. In other words, why does time flow in one dimension only? Jim showed is that there's a reason that space has the dimensions it has, but we think, I think, with the Simons Observatory, we might be able to prove why time has the arrow that it does have.

20:31So I'm going to leave you with that. But that's sort of the bold prediction of my new book and I think that'll make it more exciting and palatable because this one will be traditionally published. And so this one, the publisher will want to make money. Like my book, I self-published it. I hope I make some money out, but I really hope people read it. But the publisher is going to really want this book to sell rather than just be out there. So anyway, James, love you. Thank you so much for the time. Yeah, happy birthday. Come back again soon.

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