Gabby Giffords

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1:03Are you still recovering? Yeah. What's that look like? A lot of homework. A lot of homework. It sounds hard. I'm tough.

1:15There are moments that divide a life into before and after. For Gabby Giffords, that moment came in a grocery store parking lot on January 8th, 2011, back when she was an Arizona congresswoman serving her third term. Married to Mark Kelly, a NASA astronaut who would later become a U.S. senator, they were thinking about starting a family. But on that morning in Tucson, she was meeting with constituents when a gunman shot Gabby at point-blank range and kept shooting into the crowd. Number one, there was a shooting at a straightway. Well, there was multiple people shot. Okay. Oh my God. Six people died, 13 injured.

2:00Gabby suffered a devastating brain injury that left her partially paralyzed on her right side. And with aphasia, a disorder that makes it difficult to speak. But our conversation isn't about the violence of that morning. It's about what came after Gabby's newfound mission, advocating for gun safety through her organization, Giffords. and how she continues to use her voice even when her words sometimes fail her. Here is my conversation with Gabby Giffords, and we're joined by Emma Brown, Executive Director of the Giffords Organization, and Pia Corazon, Gabby's former Chief of Staff. I can't believe we've never met.

2:46No. How is that? Yeah, I don't know. I don't know. I wanted to meet you because I wanted to know what it's like being Gabby Giffords. Funny, funny, funny. I'm Gabby Giffords. Yoga twice a week, French horns, biking, 240 for the gym, pool therapy, and I'm traveling 60 % on the road. Are we talking about an average day you do all that? Yes, yes, yes. Yeah. And how does it make you feel? Love it. Love it. Love it. Yeah. This is a point I think I want to bring in. Emma Brown. Hi, Emma. Hi. You work with Gabby. Yeah, the executive director of Giffords. Yeah. And what does that entail? Well, Gabby, after she was shot, founded an organization to take on the issue of gun violence in the United States.

3:29We now work in 25 to 35 states every year in Congress, in the courts, working to save lives from gun violence. Gabby has a condition called aphasia. Yep. And Gabby, I'll turn it to you on that. What does aphasia mean for your life? How does it affect you? Phasia really sucks. The words are there in my brain. I just can't get them out. I love to talk. I'm Gabby, and I'm so quiet now. I don't experience you as all that quiet in real life. So you, as I talk right now, do you understand me? Yes, perfect. One over cent. Even at the speed I'm talking, I can talk fast, slow. Perfect. But you can't get them out.

4:10Yes, yeah. That sounds horribly frustrating. Yeah, frustrating. What, what, what and chicken, chicken, chicken. When Gabby was shot, she was in a coma. And when she woke up, those were the only two words that she could say. Chicken, chicken. And what. Yeah, the word what. No one knows why. No one knows why. But those were the only words that she could say. And she rebuilt her vocabulary from there. You know, Gabby has described it. I think the easiest way to understand it, for me at least, is it's like the tip of the tongue syndrome. where you've got something, you know what you want to say, you're looking for the word, you're looking for the word.

4:47We all experience this. She experiences it constantly. You know, being at Gabby's side and helping to translate. What is your struggle in all this? Well, how do I do? Awesome. A plus. I work hard to never speak for Gabby, right? It's a tricky balance. You know, she makes her point note. I think that people will not know how to talk to Gabby sometimes. And she's so warm and communicative that they figure it out pretty quick, you know. I was hoping you could tell me about your early life, your childhood. Horseback riding. Gabby mucked stalls in exchange for lessons. Yes. For horse riding lessons.

5:29Yeah. And growing up in Arizona. Yes, yeah. 40 acres. What are your best memories of? Horses, horses, a lot of horses. Your family business was a tire shop. What did you do there?

5:45Tires, flats. Fit everything under the sun, right? Busted the tires, loaded the trucks. You did commercials. TV commercials. You were pretty good at it. Hi, I'm Gabrielle Giffords. For 50 years, El Campo Tire has been reliable service and great value. Right now, say that. Gabby was the third generation tire company owner in her family. First woman. Yes. Yep. Oh, Goodyear. Yep. She sold the company to Goodyear in 1999. Yeah. Before running for the Statehouse. What drove you to be a politician? I want to make the world a better place. Yeah. Yeah. Servant, servant, servant. The highest calling in my own life is service to others, and I have never looked back.

6:34It's easy to forget what a rising star Gabby was in Washington at the time of her shooting. Just 40 years old, recently elected to Congress for the third time, she was known for being pragmatic and speaking her mind. I asked Pia Carazon, Gabby's former chief of staff, what it was like to work for her. working for someone like gabby was inspiring she would stop short of nothing to accomplish you know success on behalf of her constituents i mean whether it was saving a local car dealership or you know making sure there was a strong investment in solar energy in in arizona there was nothing that was going to stop her i mean she was written about as the energizer bunny when she was first elected and i think that's a good description for her she just had a willingness to call anyone, do anything, work endless days without breaks.

7:23We had a moment and a shred of ability to get something done for people, and she really wanted to do it. When you look at her life, things couldn't have lined up better up until that moment. That's right. There was a couple exceptional people elected to Congress every once in a while, and she was one of them. I mean, you know, political people like me knew for sure she would end up in the Senate. and if you had to guess, probably take a run at a higher office one day. And then obviously, like, the personal side, you know, she falls in love with an astronaut. It was just like this American love story that's very rare.

7:56Yeah, I forgot to mention that in the perfect life description. Yeah, things were going well. We are sent here by our constituents to be their voices in Washington. Tell me about this event, Congress on Your Corner, I think was the name of it. Right. So the Congress on Your Corner event was meant to bring literally the office to the public, right, at your local Safeway store on a Saturday morning to say, before you go in to shop or after, if there's anything that your local congresswoman can do to help you, please stop by. It's something she'd done many times before. She loved the events, gives her a chance to talk to people.

8:29We didn't think that there would be any reason for this to be a different day. 911, where's your emergency? Hello? Hello? Hello? Oh, 911, there was a shooting at the state.

8:46Gabby, I want to know what you remember about that day. Oh, it was really cold. Safeway store. Very cold. It looked like the guy had a semi-automatic pistol. He went in, he just started firing. Is anybody injured? Did you say Gabrielle Gifford was hit? He's hit. Okay. I was at home and received a phone call from a member of our team that there had been a shooting and that multiple members of our team and the public were shot, including Gabby. We hung up and I gave Gabby's husband Mark a call to tell him the very limited information that I knew at the time. Then on subsequent calls sort of began to get more information that it was of all the people shot and injured that day that had survived even a few minutes.

9:37she was probably the most serious of the injuries. Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords was meeting with her constituents when she was shot in the head at point-blank range. Witnesses say bodies were scattered everywhere. The most gravely injured airlifted. Several victims are in critical condition. That night when I finally got to Tucson, you know, you walk in that room and you see, physically see what has happened to her and how very, very bad it is. But then the doctor says, you know, the chance that she was going to have survived this enough for her to be laying in this bed right now is so extremely rare.

10:15I mean, they were already like, she's already exceeded expectations, the fact that she survived. So, yeah, I mean, every step of the way, it was if there was an odd to beat, Gabby beat it. Beating the odds became something that defined Gabby's life from that moment on. When we come back, she reflects on the early days of her recovery and the surprising therapy that helped her heal.

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12:20A little more than an hour after she had been shot, Gabby was rushed into surgery. Her friends and family waited anxiously, and the Tucson community mourned for the six people killed by the gunman, including Christina Taylor Greene, a nine-year-old girl who had gone to meet the congresswoman that morning, and a member of Gabby's staff, 30-year-old Gabriel Zimmerman. Right after you were shot, I flew out to Arizona, and I was anchoring the news from there. Tonight, from Tucson, the massacre that's left a nation stunned. Six people are dead and a congresswoman fights for her life. I'm sure you've been told this, that there was some erroneous reporting that you had died.

13:05Oh, no way, Jose. Yeah. Well, I mean, it was, you know, it shook a lot of people. I can only imagine what it was like for your family hearing that. Do they ever talk about it? Do you ever talk about it? Not really. Yeah. Mark will always joke that cable news couldn't kill Gabby Giffords. That's his line? That's his line. That's a good line. There was such an outpouring of emotion, of people wishing you well, and people were just, people were horrified. Yes.

13:39Song, somber solidarity, and prayer. as dozens gathered outside the hospital where Representative Gabrielle Giffords fights to survive a gunshot wound to the head. I remember the sea of flowers. Yeah. People bringing things. Mariachis. There was a mariachi band that played outside the hospital where Gabby was every morning, right? Every morning for a couple of weeks after she was shot. And you don't remember that, but Mark does. Mark always talks about it. There was a mariachi band at her wedding. Her chief of staff, Pia Corazon, this afternoon at the hospital, she left the congresswoman's bedside and came to talk to us.

14:20All things considered, as the doctors have said, all reasons to be optimistic. And so there's a real positive energy around her right now, as there should be. Pia, you were doing daily briefings for the media for quite a while. What were those like? You know, I was young, about 30 years old. So I was not accustomed to, you know, being on national news, obviously. Your colleague, Gabriel Zimmerman, was among the casualties. So you were going through personal grief, I would think, as well. For sure. I mean, our office, yeah, our team was, I mean, it was terrible. But, you know, Monday morning came and we tried to get back to work, as crazy as that sounds, because we focused on what we knew Gabe would want us to do, what we knew Gabby would want us to do.

15:10So we did. And I think that kept us going. And then I think you were there the moment she opened her eyes. Yep. Yep, that was the day that President Obama had come to speak at the memorial service. I have just come from the University Medical Center, just a mile from here, where our friend Gabby courageously fights to recover, even as we speak. And I want to tell you, her husband Mark is here and he allows me to share this with you. Right after we went to visit, Gabby opened her eyes for the first time. Gabby opened her eyes for the first time. Do you remember the president coming to your room?

15:56Yes, yes, yes. And he told the story that you opened your eyes. Yes. Oh, Gabby Giffords. Gabrielle Giffords. Do you know this story? I think I do. So I call you Gabby. Everybody around here calls you Gabby, but that's not your nickname. Gabriella. Yeah, President Obama made Gabby a thing. He did. He did. She was Gabrielle Giffords. Nobody wanted to tell him otherwise. Yes. He's the president. It's true. It's true. How long before you realize what had happened and the extent of your injuries? What is happening to me? What is happening to me? Gabby and Senator Kelly will tell a story of after she had woken up, they hid the newspapers from her because it was too much to take in.

16:50And I think you walked into the bathroom, right, in the hospital and cried and said to Mark, what is happening to me? You know, realizing what had happened and the extent of her injuries. Did you understand how badly you were hurt? Yes, yes. Oh. You have a tracheotomy scar. Yes. The bullet. Went through your head. Yes. They took a part of her skull off because her brain was swelling so much. They needed to give it some room. and are you about to tell them she hung on to that part of the skull it's in the freezer actually I thought I had heard that yeah a little bit of a gallows I was like hold on a second they put the skull in she pulls it out and shows it to unexpected guests occasionally if I come by your house it's okay I believe you you don't want to see it a jubilant send off for their congresswoman who continues to defy the odds good luck We love you.

17:49It's an emotional day, I think, for the staff and the community to see her go to Houston. But it's obviously a positive step in her recovery. Pia. Do you have any particular memories of her rehab in Houston and what that was like and what she went through? Yeah. I mean, she had a busier schedule than most people in that rehab hospital. I mean, it was posted on the wall. It was everything from all of the physical rehab she was doing, you know, helping her to walk again, to all of the speech therapy she was doing, the work that she wanted to do. So, like, work meetings. I mean, it was a busy, busy day.

18:27That must have been great watching her and her recovery, but it also must have been just painful, obviously for her, but for all those around her to watch her make this determined but really difficult climb. Yeah, totally. I mean, she's a superstar, is a superstar, but seeing her figure out, you know, how to use that leg that was impacted, how to get up and figure out how to walk again. I mean, it's just like you watch somebody struggle with something so basic, but yet have that, like, never quit mentality that is so unusual. What did this do to your relationship with your husband? He is my best friend.

19:05Oh, Houston, Tucson, marriage. so you know senator kelly was an astronaut and so gabby recovered in houston texas while he was still at national yeah and senator kelly did his final flight as the commander of of the space shuttle while she was recovering and then retired to be with her oh avf oh ivf she was scheduled to have a ivf transfer a couple of days after the shooting at walter reed and obviously didn't get So you were serious about potentially having a baby. And then all this happened. Yeah. Three eggs and gone. That must have been devastating to learn. Did you guys used to talk about what happened and your road back as a family?

19:51Yeah, a family. Annie, the sun will come out tomorrow. So you got to hang on till tomorrow. roll. So when Gabby was shot, her mom, Gloria, came to her bedside and would sing that song to her, you know, tomorrow. Which is lovely, but hold on a second. You just sang to me. Yeah. Perfectly. Perfect. You can sing. Yes. But you can't translate that into speaking in a conversation. Yeah. So she was shot in the left side of her brain where language is, but music is somewhere else. And so her musical abilities have remained entirely intact. Her pitch is much better than mine, much better than any of ours.

20:37And she can recall and sing fluidly. Was music part of your therapy? Yes, yes, yes. You relearned how to speak partially through singing. My journey of recovery is long and difficult. My journey of recovery is long and difficult. Abby, um, Debbie Hirsch, Cruz. Gabby's speech therapist, yeah. I mean, it was, it's easier for her to relearn that sentence, those words, if they're attached to musical notes because her brain can hear and learn song easier than it, it can learn language. So you've been retraining your brain. It had been six months, three weeks, and four days since those shots were fired in Tucson.

21:20I'm sure you remember, um, when you returned to Congress. Oh. tiny. We all want to welcome back our wonderful colleague, Congresswoman Giffords here. There was no red. There was no blue. There was just the support for a colleague. Love, Democrat, Republican. At first, the unexpected sound of applause turned heads on the House floor. Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords had come back, steadied by her husband, Mark Kelly, and Chief of Staff, Pia Carusoni. It was incredible. I mean, it was a moment that we had been hoping for, praying for, thinking about since January. When she came back to Congress, obviously there was great joy on both sides of the aisle, a sense of accomplishment.

22:10Pia, you knew, and I suppose she knew, that this road was barely climbed at that point. Yeah, barely climbed, but also we had climbed, like, marathoned up a mountain at that point, you know. but it was quite the moment. I'll never forget it. Was there hope that she'd go back full-time? Sure. Tons. Tons of hope. I had a lot of hope. Were you part of those conversations about whether she should remain in Congress? Yeah. What were the compelling reasons for her to leave? I think it became clear through Gabby and through the medical team that she was going to struggle with aphasia for the rest of her life.

22:52in some way or another. And I think she felt like it was not fair to her constituents to remain in the seat. Again, just driven by public service and what's right. And she made the call to end it. This is Gabby Gifford's final week as the Congresswoman representing Southern Arizona. She announced over the weekend she will resign her seat in Congress to focus on her recovery. I will step down this week. How did it feel to resign from Congress? So sad. Yeah. Was it the right decision? Yeah, the right city. Yeah. Do you miss politics? Awesome. Be my best friend. Mark? Yes. Yeah. Yeah. You're saying you get there through Mark?

23:41Yeah, yes. Do you want to be first lady someday? I don't know. Maybe. Yeah, maybe. Maybe not. When we come back, Gabby talks about rebuilding her life and finding a new sense of purpose.

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25:40in november 2012 gabby watched as the gunman who tried to assassinate her and who had taken the lives of six other people was sentenced to life in prison a few months later she launched giffords an organization dedicated to changing the conversation and laws around gun safety We talk in terms of what you lost, but what have you gained? Giffords. Over 700 laws passed. The work is hard, but we're building momentum. Oh, Maine. No, Oklahoma. Virginia. Alabama. Yeah, Gabby's making the point that, you know, since her shooting, since she founded Giffords, we have been able to pass over 700 laws at the state level, including in really difficult places like Alabama.

26:29Alabama, who knew? Passed a machine gun conversion device ban last year. That must feel tremendous. Yes. Yeah. And that continues to be your passion is guns. Yes. What is your goal? No more gun violence. Yeah, it's a pretty simple aim. We want to save as many people as we possibly can from gun violence in this country. We're losing 50 ,000 Americans every year. What led you to start Giffords? Gabby Giffords, Mark Kelly. Started it together. You started it together? After Sandy Hook. Sandy Hook. Kids, kids, kids. Former Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords heads to Newtown, Connecticut today to meet with the families of the victims of the deadly school shooting there.

27:18Pia, the idea that she would become this forceful advocate on behalf of gun legislation, was that a delicate conversation? obviously, you know, continues to be hot button issue politically. So Mark had retired from NASA and the Navy. They had moved back to Tucson together. And life began at that point to feel like normalcy was coming back. Different life for everybody. But, you know, our office was closed. Gabby's out of the hospital on the regular. Mark's training is done. And for Gabby and Mark, the question popped up of like, could we do something? Could we be people that could contribute to the effort?

27:58And when they took a look around the space, there were not people from a place like Arizona. There certainly weren't gun owners, you know, in the conversation at that time. And that's when they sort of put their hands up as people that would be, you know, willing to do something. There was great emotion today at a hearing on guns on Capitol Hill, especially when a very well-known survivor of gun violence, Gabby Giffords, came forward to deliver her own remarks. Too many children. You must act. Be bold. Be courageous. Can you give me a sense of the state of gun control in this country and how the issue has evolved since the shooting?

28:49Maine. Maine, Maine. Balling Alley. Yep. In Maine, there was a shooting in Lewiston, Maine. I covered that one. You did. It's so sad as we talk. It comes back to you. No, it's 18 people died. And, you know, we hadn't passed a gun law in Maine in decades. And all of a sudden, you know, the state was open to reform. And we passed expanded background checks, domestic violence protection, a waiting period, something will happen. And then there's an opening. And it's the argument over, well, this isn't a good time to talk about it. And then the other argument is this is the best time to talk about it.

29:30Freedport. So sad. Yeah, there was a shooting in Shreveport, Louisiana. There are eight little kids who died in a terrible act of domestic violence. And it got about 12 hours of media coverage. And then, you know, that weekend, we saw the White House Correspondents' Dinner shooting, which was awful, you know, an attack on the press, an attack on the president. But it got five, six days of straight wall-to-wall coverage. And, you know, those were eight little kids. And Gabby went to their funeral in Shreveport, Louisiana, to make the nation pay attention. And Gabby, what is it like for you when you walk into a room full of people and they greet you with— Hugs, a lot of hugs.

30:18Picture-picture-pickers, hugs, hugs, hugs. A lot of hugs. Emma, you can give me a little bit of perspective on what's it like when Gabby walks in a room. Yeah. You know, I think people, I mean, people are often stunned to see her. I think she embodies survival and grit and hope. There's a lot of crying. You know, there's people will often cry. and um you know gabby had she was shot in the head nine out of ten times you know a shooting to the head the person dies she didn't die and you know we have people come up to gabby in airports and on the street and you know wherever we are and just say thank you for what you are doing so you know i i get to i get a front row seat to seeing people receive her and you know what these families go through.

31:15Yeah. You have a way of making people listen, to stop and listen, because you've been there. Yeah. Congresswoman Gabby Giffords was in Grand Rapids, Michigan, today to talk about gun violence. Our lives can change so quickly. Mine did when I was shot. But I never gave a hope. I'm fighting to make the country safer. I was thinking as I came here, all the shootings that happened after yours. There was Las Vegas. There was El Paso. I mean, I think so many of them that I was at. And I think about the survivors, people like yourself, and how you managed to figure it out. And you put one foot in front of the other.

32:03And you take back what's yours. Are you still recovering? Yeah. What's that look like? A lot of homework. A lot of homework. Thousand, thousand of homework. The clock. Who knew the clock? Gabby had to relearn how to use analog clocks. That was something that she lost in the shooting. People with aphasia struggle with things that you and I take for granted every day. Left and right. Left and right. Yep. She had to relearn much more than just her speech. There were a lot of things. It sounds hard. I'm tough. Do you have advice for people who may suffer from aphasia or from other long-term symptoms?

32:53Move ahead. Do not look back. I hope others are inspired to keep moving forward no matter what. You didn't stop doing things like riding your bike. 32 miles. El Tour de Tucson. Pedal. Pedal. Pedal. Gabby rides every year in a bike race in Tucson, Arizona. I'll tour to Tucson. 30 miles? Yeah, 32 miles. 32 miles. She's on a recumbent bike. Laps the rest of us. Yeah, yeah. Yeah. A lot of hills. No, beautiful. Yeah, yeah. The sunsets. Love the sunsets. One of the anniversaries of the shooting, you went skydiving. Yes, awesome. Jimmy Hat, SEAL Team 6. Yeah, Gabby met this Navy SEAL when she was a member of Congress.

33:37who was injured in Afghanistan. She went over there and she visited with him and he was awarded a Purple Heart for his bravery. And he came and sat by her bedside, presented her with his Purple Heart and they jumped out of a plane together a few years later. I like it. Love it. Love it. Love it. Thank you. Very much. Thank you. Rock star. So you said the shooting is behind you. What's in front of you? Hope. Hope. Still hope. Hope. Hope. Do you sometimes in your quiet moments think about what's the meaning of all this? Life. Life. It's just life? Yeah. Yeah. Circle of life. Was your life torn in two?

34:28Was there a before or after? No, no, no. After. Perfect. I'm going to be really honest. I had heard that you could sing. And I'm a musician. I've taken a lot of solos through music. Yes. And when I'm visiting a fellow musician, I sometimes bring my bass guitar. Yes. It's sitting right over there. Yo-Yo Ma. Yo-Yo Ma? Yeah. I'm not at that level. Yeah, no, no, no. Gabby's done a duet with Yo-Yo Ma. Oh, so you don't want her to do a duet with me. No, no. Let's go. Yeah, let's do this. Almost heaven, blowing like a breeze. Country roads, take me home to the place where I belong. West Virginia, mountain mama.

35:24Take me home, country road.

35:33So what did that feel like? Awesome.

35:39Gabby told me she has forgiven the gunman who shot her. It's clear she's much more interested in thinking about the future than dwelling on the past. She hopes telling her story will inspire others to speak out and demand change. And she says her recovery isn't over. She started learning Spanish. That's it for this season of Before and After. We'd like to thank everyone who shared their stories with us. Gabby, Brittany Greiner, Rebecca Schofield, Adrian Heslitt, Jeremy Renner, and Colin Kaepernick. And thank you to everyone who listened. All episodes are available to binge now wherever you get your podcasts.

36:19And if you have any stories you'd like to share with us about your own before and after experience, Send us a message on social media at Dateline NBC.

36:54And Liz Cole is Senior Executive Producer of Dateline.

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