China’s Rise Explained: Debt Traps, AI, Rare Earths & India’s Future | Dr Samir | FO506 Raj Shamani

33:09The vaccine was applied to the development of the diplomacy. Now, the people who need to eat, agriculture, medicine, so we have 5-10 billion dollars to buy this year. we are 4 billion dollar we are 4 billion dollar economy in the next 10 years we will probably put 100 billion dollar in development diplomacy over the next 10 years it's a lot of difference but we don't do debt trap we will do development so America was military and economic superpower China was manufacturing superpower India was development superpower because we have more challenges our misery per square inch is highest in the world.

33:55We have every way of cutscenes. And when we find the solution we find the solution only in our lives. So we will be the development solution superpower. So that is our future. We have to focus on that strength of ours. That we are lifting people out of poverty. We are giving them education, food, food, in every way. And when we are that is shareable, relatable that is shareable, relatable that we should talk about in fact, I just want to say that our diplomacy is a little more generous we should have a big heart and our failures are also shareable we say that we are in alpha world we live in some people only positive stories where we are failing where we are not we should not know our failure is we should be the world's first development superpower.

35:08Transparent. Transparent and upfront. We are not alpha. We are human. We are friends. We are friends. So on this point, you think that their third battleground is if it is successful in that we will do this which is sea root domination so if you see what they did in Pakistan in Sri Lanka Myanmar Africa everywhere they were doing they didn't surround us in fact their word would be a string of pearls sea root technically technically actually string of pearls is applied to the Chinese you know the American first line and second line the island chains the first island chain the second island chain Singapore is actually what the Americans built around the Chinese and the BRI no no the BRI is to break that that encirclement so as the collateral is us feeling hemmed in we are the collateral victims of a design of the Chinese to escape the American domination America se bachne ke liye joh hanne ek solution bana hai uske gherab mein hum aap ko jakhda off feel kerte hai point is we have to escape so like they have created a whole architecture we are also doing the same we are doing it at our speed through our means and as we just as we are 4-10 trillion dollar journey we are going to progress in some areas our investments will be some areas will be some areas will be some areas will be you think Malakka is one way to tackle it No, look, Choke Points is clearly a point.

37:18But I'm saying that we are, like I said, we have a complete decision. Hindustan has two paths. India has two paths. One is negative superpower. Negative superpower. if we can if we don't have negativity then we have super power today India is a super power without which certain things cannot happen already the world cannot fight against climate action if I decide to burn my coal I can burn the world if I burn my coal I have a negative veto on the future let me be very clear if I want to flex a negative muscle I'm already a superpower destructive power we have a nuclear power we have a veto on the climate futures we have a veto on the tech futures we have a veto on agriculture we can change your commodity dخو I eat food I eat your Hermes bag I don't buy but I eat so many people eat your food which is America's food plate it's a daam change your which you have your mouth you have your your your our house is independent now we have to China's price the point I'm trying to make is that negative vetoes we can impose ourselves we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can we can of future emissions we had to come

39:20so clearly

39:25similarly I have��いますć whole forty ye ye toll tax bridge you know Indonesia India you know you know you know these people are doing so in the world every place if it's the season then let's go we'll put it we'll put it we'll put it we'll put it we'll put it every place in India we'll put it we'll put it 1 km truck line every we'll put it before until you know easy pass GST not so

40:05that is negative we are a fastest growing economy which will bring the world in a positive direction I said what? Big-Sit Bharat is green Bharat is digital first Bharat is women-led Bharat right? we are a Bharat where people first policy should be our principle people's first principle should be our mantra because we are our people and we are very much in the world. When we are in this billion billion solutions, we are looking for 7 billion people. America has 500 million people. China has 1.5 billion people. India has 7 billion people. That is why we are the first development superpowers. In our dictionary, Malacca is a military option to defend ourselves, not an economic option.

41:05to exert us सब्सक्राइब

41:15descent to create port bana bana ki hame girti jara hai and somehow kuch na kuch karke wot nuisance to create karthahe ab dekhiye agar China ka Sri Lanka ka port dekhi Gwadar hai nahi abhi mahi mahi mahi mahi mahi sammye aata ho Gwadar hai Gwadar hai waha to kya bune ho waha to chile or kawo e bhi nhi jate yani humbantota joh hai it is a vital elephant. I will tell you a simple song. I will tell you a principle about it. I will tell you a principle about it. I will tell you a principle about it. Chinese infrastructure investment in the Indian Ocean countries will be successful if Hindustan will be able to If I don't use them then they will not go.

42:34Hmmmm True

42:51we have a very opportunity. Nice. We are growing up every year $400 billion GDP. $200 billion is going to be import-export GDP. Which is linked to the export. You can say that. You can say that. You can say that. Broadly, you can say that. 44-45 % is. $200 billion is international linked. $200 billion is going to be 90 % in Sumudra. Sumudra who owns? Which Sumudra uses? use करता है या जो धाचा बनाता है अगर जो trade है वो मेरा है तो मैं कहां पर land करूँगा वो मेरे हाथ में कलंबो पोर्ट में मैंने लिया control ले लिया क्योंकि trade मेरा है true good point so we have to be confident हमें तो बल्कि ये बात करनी चाहिए that now you give us a safe or you give us a safe if you want to be your investment based then we should do this we should do this if you want to do this then we should do this then we will do this no subsidies, no concessions if you want my traffic then my terms otherwise I will build my own and you will be my telephone tell me if India has to play wild imagination if we have to create a choke point or negative then what can we do?

44:13a big strategist I forgot his name economics he basically says that every superpower has a choke point and that choke point helps us push and bump up like America has been in technology in the same time British in the same time in the same time China in the same time in the same time manufacturing पर करके बैटा है हमारे पास क्या चोकपंड होगा जिसमें दुनिया अगर हम चाहे तो इन समवेज चोटा देश ए इरान उसने स्टेट अब हर मूस पर करके रखा लुक again I think one I think that's दोजार मुझे लगता है ये सब एक outcome होती है ये design नहीं होती है okay there is a outcome of growth and progress America नहीं 50 साल पहले जब अपना superpower status या 60 साल पहले जब superpower status 1950s 60s में you know अपनाया था उनको थोड़ी पारों था technology जोग पोइंट करेंगे it was the outcome of investing in innovation investing in excellence investing in human capital investing in industry investing in frontier financial outcome will have to be knowledge.

45:29Our choke point will have to be knowledge. We are going to have the largest cohort of young people. And we have to make sure like I said going back to my first revolution if we train them right the next generation of every big idea will have a very large Indian proportion. Every big idea which the world will shape in 20 years should have the ownership in the Hindu's mind. And that is our target. Whether it's in the field of science or not. But the way the world is going diese wie lange das den ich mir dann denke ich Menschen von das Poolехern Co man See Ö

46:22See Ö worried about cyber security weak ہو gai implications they are not seeing consequences what is human out of the loop man is from innovation you understand that's what I'm saying it is called it is called human out of the loop future right it's basically what has happened is that you have removed but here is my take actually you have made innovation but how will you create value out of that innovation. For that, you require human use. You will create value only when there is a buyer, a user, a user, LLM cannot create value by selling to an LLM. Do you understand what I'm trying to say? An LLM at the end of the day, a LLM will make something to people's work in the case of a person's work in the case and then it will go back to it.

47:14Where is it? It is now also the time to dominate the sectors that are going to serve humanity in the future by investing in our capacity to build those LLMs and build the sovereign AI and build the data clouds and sovereign clouds that will actually allow us to, like I said, we have a resource extractive posture where we have data and we have a a propositional factor where we have we have a so you feel that our population knowledge power of people and sheer size this is our choke point we have a choke point we have a choke point we have a choke point we have a see for example we have a we have a we have a that dispensary we are the dispensary of the pharmaceutical of the world pharmacy of the world that many people have said if the future of healthcare is artificial intelligence and frontier technology if the future is based based then our AI will become a hospital that we are creating AI which is the hospital for the world I am going to tell you for example India France has a cardiac surgery के उपर एक use case के उपर एक joint technology partnership create की है जब अभी year of innovation जब Macron साब जब आपको मिले है जब Macron साब आई थे Bombay में जब आपके साथ भी थे उस time में India ने sign किया है और France और India ने अब एक technology partnership शूरू करी है जहाँ पे heart का bypass हो सकता है through AI and robotics without invasive surgery, you know they are creating something now you can think this is possible when we can democratize

49:14this is the future of heart surgery it is a desirable attribute for every country so the whole world will depend on that you will be able to make a big solution from the technology which people can use in Hindustan, Nigeria, Kenya in every place. So, by my guess, you are the SDG superpower not because you have solved your problems because you have the solutions for everyone else's problems. That is why you are an SDG superpower. You have a cheaper alternative solution. you have a cheaper and workable solution for everyone's various miseries because we were we had more misery per square kilometer than anywhere else in the world fact is we have a challenge you know I say that if you are 25 years then you are people from India disappointed that India is not big or France is not you know every Gen Z has a problem with where we are in India if you are a Gen X like me who has seen India before 91 and 2000 in the last century and in this century we say this is a miracle that in a lifetime where I had a scooter and a scooter and a year and a year and a year and a year and a year and a year and a year and a year this is the time that I have talked about the dining table if you have been 50 years then you have in the first and the last and the last and you can see that what is the life time in life so we are believers I have faith in 10 years that the country will be so changed that when you and me when you will meet 10 years then you will be a superstar and you will be retired but when you will meet this conversation when we will discuss that you will be a good where are you even the most positive of Indians today cannot estimate where we will be in the next decade I will only question it because technology ais windows and opportunities is called who thought UPI if we talk about 2016 just before Digital India Prime Minister Modi when Digital India launched one week before we sit then we talk about FinTech DPI UPI 200 million people who are in the world who are using who are doing ye opportunity so I am a believer that we don't have to create choke points we have to create solutions for the world where there are expectations and demands of us we have to create dependence and dependabilities through our capabilities that gets me to the next point of dependence interesting point but before I want to correct something that I am a big believer in India in the next 10-20 years.

52:24And I don't think that Gen Z particularly is a negative about India. No, I don't think that's a positive thing. And I'll tell you why. Because they are loud and vocal. So the 5%, 10 % sentiment you see, it feels like we don't have the world. No, I'm 5-10 % with them. Majority are believers. In fact, I don't know how much legitimate survey is. what I was reading this report which is very fascinating if you compare those baby boomers to Gen Z an average 20 year old you can take it 70 % more people are positive in the country before people would have to leave the country now they would have to leave the country that is one of the highest sentiment which is Gen Z believers are rising you can see me my team is what was it?

53:16who is Gen Z who is head of ICNA who is the biggest geopolitical who is head who is 27 years old 27 years old who is CEO ORF who is 28 years old I am a believer in Gen Z I am just this if I am 2000 I am 15 years old I am thinking I think I've seen the 21st century in 2001. I've seen the Iraqis in 2004. Then I've seen the financial crisis in 2008. Then I've seen the Iraqis in Syria and Middle East. Then I've seen the pandemic. Then China has seen the border. Then I've seen the Donald Trump. It didn't show Jennifer's a fifth party. All the shocking things. If we all get back and honor you之中, that's what the world When I met each other, I was just listening to this country.

54:27By 1971, we bonne foi heeled in Bangladesh, we saw the Pro maintained, we saw the Government of America, I was watching the approach, China's visit, the IT revolution, the.com boom, the bus, the internet, the growth. I was watching the 30-40 km every day. I was watching the phone, the Hawaii Jazz. When I was going to college, I was sitting in the train. I had to sit on the train. Kerala Mangala Express, Jopal Ghatt, and that train always reached a late time.

55:12Because it was connecting train. So, the next day I had to go to the right time. So, it was always a late day. So, this is the same thing I had to go to the Hindu side. Today, we had a ticket to the India, and we had to go to the India, and we had to go to the Bangalore airport. and they will give you the story and they will also give you the agency that I don't like it I don't know if I have 10 ,000 people I don't know if I have 5 people I don't know if I have 5 people I don't know if I have 5 people I mean, see, the world has changed if you are 50 like I am, I am more than 50 but if you are at least 50 you have seen the transformation of India 25 years of an old India and 25 years of a new India we have only seen the new India you have only seen the new India that's the point I'm trying to make and by the way, therefore more your expectations are more and that is why i am a believer in india because you are not going to be satisfied with my journey yeah you want to see india change in your lifetime and that is what i don't see anywhere else in the world where every indian knows that his tomorrow is better than his yesterday i mean most other countries they know that yesterday was better than tomorrow and that is why we will prevail we shall overcome as you say sorry nice i like that why sorry it's a great thing to say.

56:29I like what I'm into coming out of you. The way you were saying, so much passion. But coming to another battleground. Which is, tell me it's right or it's not. Because in a lot of mixed reviews, conspiracy theories and data back to it. Which is China's data and surveillance domination in the world. What do I mean by that? I'll read the exact stat, because I don't know exactly what I'm saying. जाना कि अभी साथ हजार से ज़ादा Chinese made surveillance cameras है Australia में, साथ लाग से ज़ादा America में, आठ लाग से ज़ादा Vietnam में है, जो same company जो यह हर जगे पहुचाती है, Hickwizen and Dahua, वो 200 countries में यह बेचती है, और इन दोनों countries में Chinese Community Party की committees बैठती है, this is confirmed we are openly talking about Mumbai 17th most surveillance city in the world by Chinese cameras we are not in the top 10 that's a good thing thank god for that thank god that's not in the Chinese this is one way and we might have done well in cameras there was a big UN crime I think reverse gears recently we have a good call we have a good call so we have a good call but yet we are not in you my point is we are still but I think camera is just one element of surveillance right my point is literally every component in our networks has a China manufacturing imprint and as we saw in the US HSMB US میں काई stories देखी है कि उनकी तो networks में embedded है Chinese devices listening devices जो हर चीज को भीजरी होती है back home TikTok से लेके गाड़ी से लेके network से लेके हर चीज में camera से लेके हर चीज़ आ surveillance और data do you think China वो use करके somehow उसको एक weapon जैसे use करती है look we need apprehension we need we need to think about this we need to think about it we need our data can be a dangerous leverage we need to not give and what happened happened but we need any further production and generation of data should be safeguarded my which is a big uh is particular issue में इस विशय में जो एक और मेरी बड़ी एक सोच हमेशा रही है वो यह है कि जो data का जो industry बनी है पिछले 30 सालों 90s तीस पैंतेस सालों में जो इंडस्ट्री बनी है उससे एक दुनिया में एक रेवलुशन आई उस रेवलुशन के कारण बहुत देशों को और बहुत छोटी इंडस्ट्री बिजनिसेस को मौका दिया गया एक डेमोक्राटाइजेशन ओफ अपर्चूनिटी हुई इंडिया मे भी बहुत उनिकॉंस बनी और you know in the third industrial revolution internet और red के कारण हमारी कही कमई ने काफी फाइदा किया और हिंदुस्तान ने को भाइदा भी हुए India really did well यह ने बैए यह रही कह सकता हूं कि यह जो data revolution थी India was probably भारत दुसरे अत्नी से नंबर पर होगा in terms of benefits it did better than Europe it did perhaps after the US and China it was the third most benefit you know country that benefited but there was a problem with that structure in that structure idea ये था कि हम internet के कारण digitalization के कारण communication के कारण हम एक enterprise और industry में revolution ला रहे हैं और इसमें हर आदमी अदे हर आदमी और अरद participate कर सकता है भागेदारी ने सकता है, इंडस्ट्री मना सकता है यह आप यह देखे, आज इंडुस्तान, जो दुनिया वे एवन इंडिया के जो टॉप 20 रिचेस लोग हैं, तीस साल पहले को इनको जान पा भी था गया मैं यह बात कर रहा हूँ कि पांचें को छोड़ दो बागी सारे नहीं यह transformation हुआ है अगर आप उसके पहले 50-60 साल बेखेंगे सेम नाम रहते थे चार -पांच डदले हो नहीं ठीक है और उसमें जो बदलने आते थे उनको कितनी मुश्किल दी जाती थी, जैसे अब मानी साथ, दीरुबाइं मानी had to take on the Bombay Club, जो established उनको आना मुश्किल होगे, and everyone, I'm saying many stories, but that is the pinnacle of, किसी नए आदमी को रोखो, but अब आप देखे, कितने लोग आए, because of this democratization, मेरे को जो चिंटा है, जो मुझे सोच सता रही है वो ये है कि अब वो खतम हो गया AI revolution में unlike internet revolution democracy खतम अब AI revolution में वो जीतेगा जिसके पास खूब सारा data हो, खूब सारा पैसा हो जिससे वो compute create कर पाए, खूब सारा energy हो जिससे वो data centers को fuel कर पाए ये तीनों चीज़े, compute capital or energy जिसके बाद खुम सारा नहीं हो वो सिरफ user है वो producer नहीं है in this new age जो internet decentralized कर ला था economic opportunity को AI centralized कर रहा है so winners जो उस third revolution में जीत गए वो सारे big data पर बैठे गए नहीं है सोचो मैं आपको बता रहा हूँ Amazon अब आप देखे फेस्बुक विनर फेस्ट रिविश्ट रिविश्ट आपको अब इसके बार रहे हैं अब इसके बार रहे हैं आपका पिम को इंडिया का है पर आपका IT एड्रेस जो मैं शुरू में बोला था कि योर IP एड्रेस बिलोंग्स तो देम True So my point is that if that is the case we have to find a new business model So ये मेरी जो आपने battleground domination की बात कर रहे थे हमें अब एक economic future वो सोचना है जिसमें जो individual का जो data है, इंडिया उसको DIPA कहती है, you know, data empowerment एक architecture बनाया है उनने हमें यह सोचना है कि how do we ensure that maximum value created out of the data, data से जितरा maximum हमें profit हो, वो जिस enterprise या individual या business का हो उसको फाइदा हो आज की दिन वो नहीं है आज कि दिन maximum value from the data is being made outside of the country and China is not the only one even the Americans are doing it in fact I would argue greater Indian data flow is to America than to China China has surveyed data America has voluntarily given data अब आप तो सौपते हैं China को तो महिनद करके लेना पड़ता हैं अब तो उदर user agreement बिना पड़े हो sign करके दे देते हैं Google जब आपको जब आप कोई device, app use करते हो, आपको कहते है, do you agree?

1:04:20I agree, आप पढ़ते हो, कभी नहीं पढ़ोगा. हमने तो voluntary कर दे, अपना right दे दिया समको. तो मुझे दिनी वालों, जादा खतरना क्या है? आपका, आपका, आपका, आपका, are not serious about our data. Like we are not serious about our people. And that is why Indian users' value on YouTube is less than American users' value. We must realize human, we must live the idea of human capital. Human beings are an asset. Price them right. Treat them with care. Build policies that allow the maximization for their benefit, not for other people's benefit. We humans don't treat as capital. करते हैं, यूज करते हैं वो बर्ड और हम ट्रीट नहीं करते हैं So one thing that I probably slightly disagree कि yes, जो big data beneficiaries वो बहुत बड़े बनेंगे, लेकिन उनके चक्कर में second order beneficiary बहुत सारे छोटे -छोटे billionaires बन जाएंगे, वो democratized होगे.

1:05:25ने ने वो तो बनेंगे, देखो तो जैसे आपने बताया कि विकिस इंटरनेट आया विकिस हर किसी के वाद आकसेस आया विकिस हर किसी के वाद डेटा आया विकिस उन्होंने इंफरास्ट्रक्चर बनाया तभी consumer internet companies बनी आज जो मैटो जैसी company बनी नहीं पाती अगर हर किसी के आज मोबाइल नहीं होता है उस मोबाइल में डेटा नहीं होता है तो ऐसे बहुत सारी second order beneficiary companies है similarly जैसे एक बहुत famous story है of car and walmart कि ford अगर काडिया नहीं बनाता तो walmart शायद successful नहीं होता बिल्कुल ने आप भी सही बात बोली बन बन दीक है तो नेट्फिक्स नहीं बनता, my point is second order, AI ये लोग बना रहे हैं, definitely big data ओन कर रहे हैं, इसके बाद जो usage और application level पर जो लोग बनाएंगे, उनके पास एक बहुत बड़ी opportunity है, पैसे बनाने के, बहुत पैसे बनाने के, नहीं, बिलकुल है, पर आप बताइए मुझे इन्दुस्तान में, भारत में, वह इज वह बिगिस्ट आप है, डिजिटल पेइमेंट कमपनी, डिजिटल पेइमेंट कमपनी, यह एंपीचि यूपेज बनात नहीं, पर कौन से सबसे बड़ी इन में से एप है जो आप यूज़ करते हैं सबसे बड़ा कौन है प्लाटफोर्म पर फोन पर अभी तो कांका है सेकंड कांका है थर्ड कांका है मैं किसी को किटिसाइज नहीं कर रहा हूं आप दीज अंडरसेंड I am not I am not against don't get me wrong but you are making one sector because capital my point is it is not a accident that the largest service providers in the fintech sector belong to the winners of the third industrial revolution right I am not saying Indians are not benefiting from this don't get me wrong I am also not saying Indian enterprises हिंदुस्थानी कंपनिया या भारत की कंपनिया नहीं इसमें गुशी हुई और पैसा नहीं बना दी जब बनाई नहीं पर मैं ये बता रहा हूँ कि value chain बहां से शुरू होती है mothership ये है और second order benefits आप में जो word किया है मैं चाहता हूँ first order benefits हमें मैं चाहता हूँ कि अब हमने थर्ड इंडर्श्रिल डेमिलूशन में सेकंड ओर्ड बेनेफिट्स का फायदा उठा है लिया अब हमें अब स्कीम वो सोचनी है जहां पर कॉंसेंट्रेशन अफ डेटा इतना ज़ादा हो रहा है और कंप्यूट और capital इतना जादा चाहिए है अब हमारी क्या नीती होनी चाहिए I agree on that part क्योंकि मैंने क्या बोला है मैं चाहता हूँ कि solution provider for the world मैं हूँ और ये ना हो कि मैं बोलू मेरे पास एक fintech system है phone pay से बात दर लो मैं आ समझ रहे हैं मैं चाहता हूं भारत पे इसे बात अब देखें मैं किसी भी कमणी को प्रबोट नी कर रहा हूं यह इस आ फिक्टिशियस कमपनी जो एनी रिजेंबलेंस इस कोइंसिदेंटल

1:08:12तो मैं सिर्फ यह त्रानी कुछ इस कर रहा हूं कि वी वी कें भी we can be lazy and rich and we can benefit from second order और या हम परिश्रम करें, दिमाग लगाएं और एक architecture बनें कि first order हमार से शुरू हो अब वो समय आ गिया है, जैन Z को वो करना है, जो हम नहीं कर पाएं second order हमारी destiny थी, first order आपकी responsibility I agree with this point but just disagreed on the point कि opportunities biggest big data control कर रहा है, वो नहीं हुई है बन रही है और खंट नहीं दो稍 जी तो में दिमोगे में होट। बन रही है और खंट टूलsayлаг के लिए दोडिय के बागदे हमन ए लुटल्पी कितन है नहीं हुई है Aunque है भूणरी बीमोगे है000 प्रचींट से फिरॉट्टी समय। let me correct myself I am not I am not talking about the democratization of opportunities I am talking about the democratization of the business model I am saying business models are getting more closely controlled by a very consolidated the concentration of wealth and control as we discussed even upstairs is happening Hindustan में भी हो रहा है, America में भी हो रहा है Hindustan में 200, 300, 400 enterprises होंगी जो पूरी country को चंट्रोल करेंगी America में शच्छ 50 है और अब problem ही आ रही है कि उन 50 अब हो ग्लोबल influence है उनका ठीक है, तो मेरा सिरर ये point था कि एक concentrating trend है AI का जो हमें जिसके बारे में हमें सोचना चाहिए ठीक है, इंटरनेट का एक democratizing trend था, हर घर में एक BPO बन गया था यह ना transcription हो रही थी, मैं आपको बता रहा हूँ शुरू में जब शुरू बारे बीपयो वाला हमें उसके लिए हमें अब एक नई strategy बना निक चाहिए.

1:10:06To benefit from it. मैं से रभ यह कहरा हूँ, क्योंकि, and by the way, मैंने क्या बोला है? मैंने का, India has to move, I mean, मैंने शुरू में जो बोला है, I think every Indian knows tomorrow is better than yesterday. And one of the reasons of that is, most Indians now want to be employers rather than employees. They want to create businesses. आपने भी podcast के नाम पे एक industry बना एक enterprise बना भी आपसे बात करा था मैं आपको थोड़ा समझ लिया कि आप एक podcast नहीं चला रहे है podcast हम जैसे लोग think tank करते हैं कि आओ बात करो चले जाओ आपने एक economic architecture बनाया है which employs people, which gives jobs to people which creates second order jobs which actually has built an industry around in India we are going to see the mushrooming of jobs that we can't even describe today आज के दिन हम बैट कि उसकी description लिग में नी सकते वो जोब इस साल में dominate कर रहा हुँगे market जिसके बारे वे आप और में आज के दिन भाग भी नी कर सकते और वो जोब हम create करेंगे, they will be born in India and that is the kind of enterprise entrepreneurship I want to see emerge out of it.

1:11:12I believe it is happening somewhere, it will emerge like it will emerge crazily somehow somewhere in India I'm a believer but tell me this this gets to another battleground which is battleground so myra this is that we have to secure what is critical we have to share what is absolutely trivial and we have to benefit from what is vital we have to have three kinds of critical that we have to secure I have to talk about a diplomat with trillion data sets वाले LLM के उपर continuously build करना चाहिए पर while we are doing it हमें cyber security और penetration और critical infrastructure protection के लिए small language models बना कर we should become you know, जैसे Israel did not build the biggest platform but they built the most lethal missile systems अब उसको अब आपना आपना आपना के रिए AI में we should create the most lethal defense and offensive capabilities using SLM's rather than fight the big LLM's battle alone वो हमें करना चाहिए, we need a sovereign AI, we need our own LLMs, not one, not three, we need five, ten.

1:12:20But let us create the Israeli industry equivalent in the SLMs, boutique language models to defeat the, to create the lethal mythos for the other. It's happening, we are building our own SLM for content. You told me, right? So now we need that kind of SLMs for cyber security across sectors. and they are happening I know folks are thinking about the AI equivalent of Indian Palantir and all you know people are talking about it so I am confident that entrepreneurship is thinking about it and I think government must find a way of creating an architecture to promote in ko promote kia jai in ko support kia jai or in ko applaud kia jai and by the way here again this time in the past year whether it's a pradhan mantri हो जाए individual communication की ministers देखे रहा हूँ they are very encouraging for young people you know they are आप लोग को जो access मिलता है वो पहले तो impossible था पहले तो impossible था so पराने industrialist बिचारे जो 20-30-30-30-100-100-1 billion dollar का दंदा बनागे चलेगे, उनको नहीं मौका कभी मिलाओगा, जो, नहीं, मैं सची बता रहा हूँ, दौर बदल गया है, इस दशक में बहूत बदला है, और चीबाद, and by the way, अगर आप देखेंगे की, why has America succeeded, was precisely भी because of this.

1:13:46लोग कहते थे कि अमेरिका की जो सबसे सबसे धासू जेनरल हैं, वो जेनरल मोटर, जेनरल एलेक्टरिक, जेनरल डैनेमिक, जेनरल अटोमिक्स ये चार जेनरल हैं सबसे पारफुल जेनरल अमेरिका की. क्या है, प्राइबेट कपनियां थी? बाकी आर्मी वार्मी नीच चाहिए यह चाहिए जो बंदू की चलाके जंग लड़े वो कोई जंग नहीं है यह चार्ज जेनरल ने दुनिया जीती थी उनके लिए अग्रीड इसी से पॉइंट जो है अगला बैटलगाउंड को टेक्नोलजी डॉमिनेशन कि चाइना ने somehow at least show तो यही है दुनिया में कि टेक्नोलोजी डॉमिनेट कर दी और अगले 10-20 सालों में अब वो ही खेलेगा यह बैटलक्लाउंड वो अमेरिका से भी जीती है Do you believe so? Because AI में, सेमिकंडॉक्टर्स में बायो आप जो बात करे थे medical में फिर उसके बाद Hawaii का भी recent news आज़ा है कि वो ऐसी chips बना रहा है जो शायद western world accept भी नहीं कर पा रहा है कि it's impossible deep से कुछ launch करता है वहाँ पे American companies की value किर जाती है खौफ है हर जगे in some sort or way and अगर आप sure number of patents जो useful होने वाले उसकी बात करें तो last कुछ सालों में चाइना ने 6 गुना जादा पेटेंट साइल करें देन अमेरिका ऐसा है तो इंडिया तो पिच्चर सी भाहर है भी, at least in this game do you think technology ली डॉमिनेट कर रहा है चाइना दुनिया भी is that the battle वो जीच चुक है

1:15:14देखे ये this is a very interesting way of framing a very complex debate ये इसकी जो इसकी इसका जो जवाब होगा थोड़ा layered होगा सीधा नहीं होगा इसका नहीं होगा तेड़ा सवाल प्रद इसका जवाब प्रद होगा आपने बड़ा इनुसेंटली पूछा कि China dominate कर रहे है ति China dominate कर रहे है वो itself is a question mark आपके सवाल में एक question माग नहीं था चार या पांच question माग पे जबाब दे दू आपके सवाल पूचा पांचे पूच दिये China technology dominate कर रहे है नहीं China technology dominate नहीं कर रहे the gap between China and the US is still significant अभी भी काफी है Is a good thing for us or bad thing for us it is a lesson for us I think it is a lesson for us that America is still a generation ahead of China in a number of domains China has caught up with America in a few domains both have a lesson for us China has been a catch up in some things and some have been a lot but it's not a way to go पर अभी अमरीका से एक जनरेशन पीछे है एक जनरेशन मतलब 10-15 साल पीछे है अब

1:16:48अगर दुनिया पिछले 50 साल वाली दुनिया होती तो मैं यह कहता कि विकाउज ओब एजिंग पॉपुलेशन चाइना की जो डेमोग्रेफिक्स है जो population shrink हो रही है जो लोग कम हो रहे हैं मैं यह कहता है चाइना यह रेस हार रहा है चाइना की shrinking population will ensure it never catches up with America it has lost its demographic advantage it is going to grow older before it has become richer that is the reality it is growing older before it has become richer it has lost its edge I do not believe the Chinese economy will overtake American economy it was a certainty 10 years ago China America will not do it economy you know in nominal terms in PPP terms obviously it's bigger but in nominal terms but that doesn't mean that the old assumptions today's day are right look what we talked about आज की दिन future innovation LLMs करेंगे humans नहीं करेंगे तो humans are not that important in the innovation race humans are important in the application of the innovation not in the discovery of the innovation तो अगर हमने एक नई दवाई ढूंड़ी है उसके लिए शायद हमें हम 10 ,000 scientists एक laboratory में नहीं चाहिए एक sophisticated artificial intelligent in the powered ecosystem can perhaps have the same yield, more yield.

1:18:32तो आज की देन अब आगे race कौन जीतेगा will not be decided by number of people, age of the population. It will be decided by the sophistication of the innovation around AI. तो फिर तो तो अगे तो चाइना overdoek कर ले. अगर दुनिया नहीं बदली होती दो साल पहले जब ये चैट GPT डेली बैरी आके हमारी सिंदगी में एक disruptive reality लाया मैं ये कहता कि चाइना का मुश्किल है बागे जाने अब मैं कहता हूँ मुझे नहीं अब ये LLM जवाब देगा अब मुझे नहीं मालू बट ये कहना कि वो अमरीका से आगे है वो गलत है क्योंकि वो same logic में अमरीका के लिए भी डाल सकता हूँ even America is innovating a lot America's America की challenge है कि clearly what the China story, the lesson the China lesson is कि American innovation ecosystem is exorbitant बड़ा महंगा है and बहुत जादा खर्चता है for the innovation it produces China can do it in in a more frugal manner so the good news is that America is an innovative society America is an innovative society which is a new society which is reset and review because it is democratic it is loud, it is transparent we are fighting, fighting and we are going to move so I am saying that America has the technological edge it is likely to have the technological edge but China is not going to be far behind I don't think one is winning over the other I think both are going to certainly dominate the future of innovation in the next 10-15 years India is the question and I said lessons so you know a few things happened and maybe I think I will mix this पेस अनादर battleground arena तीक है इस इंटलेक्टल पॉपपटी इस इनोवेशन ownership ownership of innovation तीक है क्योंकि technology और वो अजिसेंड है थोडे अजिसेंड है so let us add a new element to this battleground and say intellectual property

1:21:04तीक है all countries have grown हर देश आगे बड़ा है जब उसमें intellectual property चोरी गरी है चोरी गरी Maniton project क्या था उठा ठाके वर्ल वार टू के वाटाइम पर यह सब जब लडाई चल रही थी तो एक तो था कि लडाई जीतनी है दूसरा था कि जो इतनी knowledge थी Europe में you know the science capabilities in Germany in other European countries was so sophisticated that they were assets. People wanted these scientists. So the idea was इसको कौन पकरबगड़ के लाएगा? So there was a whole project to bring them down. To get and attract and sometimes even acquire these capable folks and bring them down and build eventually the capacity to create a nuclear weapon.

1:22:05ये अमेरिका ने किया? Yes. So, they ferried across plenty of very smart people from Europe into the country. वो उठाओ ठाके वहाँ से लाए और बनाया होगा. देखे, 2008-2009 में ज़र financial crisis हुई, तो चाइना ने, चाइना by the Chinese policy बनाई है, उसका कुछ और है, मैं शाइद गलग बोड़ रहाँ, उसका जो salary है मैं आपको चाइना में दोगा चाइना चार ट्रियन डॉलर का था त्वेटी सिक्ष हंड़ डॉलर पर कैपिता इंक थी 2008 में इट वसेम अज इंडिया तोडेए 4 ट्रियन डॉलर और ट्वेटा that was the Chinese of China of 2008 they उन्होंने इतने बहादूर एक कतम उठाया कि अगर आप Chinese हैं अमरीका में काम कर रहे हैं रिसर्च वगरा में हैं आपकी जो वहागी salary है वो आपको चाहिना में दोगा वापस आजागा financial crisis का एक मौका था वो लोगों को घबराएट थी जो नौकरी रहेगी नहीं रहेगी उनने देखा कि मेरी salary protect हो रही है मैं चाहिना आ जा तो बापे साजे देखो जब आप अपने scientist जो आपके American labs में काम कर रहे थे जब आप उनको उठा कर Chinese lab में ले आए आपने क्या किया आपने सारी know-how move कर दी intellectual property is not a piece of paper it is the ideas in a human's mind जब आप उस human के उठा के लिया है तो he can reinvent and recreate and refurbish and repurpose that knowledge to create a new product for you

1:23:37और मैं यह नहीं कह रहा है उन्हें सिरफ यह किया उन्होंने intellectual property लाप से में उठाई उन्होंने पुरा R &D system universities का England में game किया एक Boris Johnson के भाई है जो जॉनसन, वो भी हमेंबर हमें, वो भी मेंबर हैं, उन्होंने एक रिपोर्ट नी का लूँ कि की चाइनीज ने अपने, क्या करते थे कि Cambridge, Oxford, विगरा में, जब विदिश लेटरी, बड़ी -बड़ी फेमस फिजिक्स की लेटरी, maximum Nobel Prize उनी को मिले हैं फिजिक्स मेरा के, उन लेटरी में जाते थे, थोड़े ग्रांट्स देते थे, वहाँ पे रिसर्च करवाते थे, लिबीटरी को चलना अगर सु डॉलर का खर्च है अगर सु डॉलर लगते है यह जाके उनको पांच डॉलर और देते थे और कहते दिए दो प्रोजेक्ट हमार ले करो तूर्व हमें पूरा हंडड़ेद़ पांडर स्टा, आपके अपे डॉटरी भॉडलर को पांडर ले काता to do research for China, वो लोग create करते थे Chinese intellectual property अबने ले ले जाते थे So, they gamed in New Zealand, they created in Australia, they built in UK, they did it in American laboratories.

1:24:49I know how many American universities, ID League universities had 25, 30, 50, 100 ,000 dollar contracts, side deals with Chinese entities. They were working for the Chinese, they were drawing salaries from America, from UK, from New Zealand, from Australia, but जो आउटपुट थी, जो काम का मसला था, वो सारा चाइना की फाइदे में था. Chinese hustle भी थोड़ा related है से. यह थो चाइनीस hustle था. No. You don't, you haven't heard about it. No, what is this? Really? No, what is it? I mean, I may have heard of it but I have not heard of this frame. Tell me. तो यह बहुत बड़ा, एक तरीचे का मालो स्कैम बना विदा अच्छा उन्होंने क्या किया कि चाइना में कंपनीज बनाई पूरी बड़ी बड़ी उनके बोले ये रिसर्च टेक ये एडवांस एसे अटरा एसे अटरा उसकी बहुत बड़े बड़े पेपर्स बना दिया चोटा सा मालो इतना सरूम इसका एक office को दिया अमेरिका में उसको कर दी stock market पे list अच्छा उन्होंने Chinese ने वहाँ पे American bankers को दिये दवा के पैसे तीन चार लोग को involve कर दिया बोला कि China में यतनी बड़ी यतनी बड़ी यतनी बड़ी तो ने टॉक ड़ाप उन्हें American और stock market को लग रहा है कि चाइना बहुत बड़ी है और यह वो कंपनी बहुत बड़ी खरीदते गए महां पैसे बढ़ते गए वो ही पैसे उठा के जिए कंपनी यह बात कर रही थी मालो सौर पर पर इकंपनी है उस बात पर महां पर उन्होंने एक लाग रुपर कमा लिए तो इन से deal करने के लिए बड़ी बड़ी कमपनियां deal करना चाहती है उन कमपनियों को उन्होंने पैसे दिये उनकी IPs भी ले ली और फिर जब वो आते थे चेक करने जो भी चेक करेगा वो Chinese independent ही करेगा आप निकरेगे तो वो फिर लोग बेचते थे बड़ी कम्पनी इसको यहां पर खर बो रुपय था बड़े बैंक की लोग इन्वर्ड थे इसमें आप किसी और की नाव मेंते थे अपने नाव नहीं बनाते थे अपने नाव ने पैसा भी उनका टेक्नोलजी उनकी पाइदा इनका तो अगर आपको नदी पार करनी है तो किसी और की नाव पे बैठो चाइना की पॉलिसी तो राइड अथर्स बोट्स तो उन्हेंने क्या किया तो अगर आप देखेंगे यह पैंडिमिक के वक्त very interesting thing मुझे ना ये डॉक्टर शुमेका रवी ने दिखाया था एक गूगल का एक G-Delt डेटाबेस है विच captures जितनी भी news information बगएड़ा होती है हर देश पर हर इशू पर जो भी online available होता है वो सब अपने पास रखता है it's a repository G-Delt डेटाबेस तो इनो वो एक study करी कि pandemic में India, US सारी countryों के बारे में news कितनी आई उन में से positive कितनी थी negative कितनी थी positive sentiment, negative sentiment जीटे टोगरा इसाब कर लेते और इन्हें अपने एक database बनाया और उसके फिर analysis की और ये दिखाया कि पहले 6 महिने में सब लोग थोड़ा -थोड़ा struggle कर रहे थे negative था कि government every government was being harsh shut down, lockdown, यह डो तो लोग negative stories निकलती है लोग परिशान थे हमारे एडिया में भी हुआ था migrants, migration, आप जानते हैं negative stories आती है, शुरू मा आए है तो जब बंद कर दिया, लेना पर लेना पर लेना चेक कर रहा था, उसके दो कारण थे, और ये उस study का पार्ट नहीं था, ये मैं खुद अपनी spot analysis कर रहा था, मैंने देगा दो कानिया थी, चाना ने फेव website बना दी positive stories के साथ, जो data face को बदलना शुरू कर दिया, सुझें, कि there were millions of websites created, जिसमें positive कानिया डालते रहते था था अ� advertisements and sponsorship वे वे किया क्या क्या क्या riding others boats to cross the river उन्होंने उन्ही की media use करके उन्ही की government को गालिय दिलाई जिनकी government China को responsible कह रही थी for the virus उन्ही के newspaper China को कह रहे थे what a great lockdown, what a great way of ending it China के lockdown के बारे में कितनी positive कहानिया निकाली है, financial time ने एकॉनम इसने और इसने उसने और उसके माद कितने लोग मरें बिगॉट अब जनते हैं तो ये है चैना न वीजा भी नहीं देता जो इंडिपेंडेंट जॉर्नलिस्त हैं उनको अमेरिका से इंडिया से भी बहुत थारे लोग I have friends specifically been denied for this specific purpose in America पर Financial Times के हार जर्नलिस को दे देगा मैं बता चाहिए कुछ तो अच्छी जर्नलिस्त होंगे जो नहीं दिखेंगे वाइब बॉस उन्होंने R &D ecosystem coming back to your data चाहिना का जो जो जीत का कारण था इसमें success का कारण था ये था कि उन्होंने western ecosystem को game किया अपने फाइदेख लेक काम करवाया हुँज दे बाट बैक smart people back home पहले तो अपने लोग भी लाए वापिस इड़े अट्रक्टेड दे स्मार्टे साइंटिस बाक वो ले आए वापिस दूसरा उन्होंने उनके लोगों से अपने लिए काम करवाया और तीसरा उनने एक अपने लिए एक जेनरल नारेटिव पॉजटिव क्रेट किया जिसे कारण जो आप चाइनीज हसल पता रहे हो वो पॉसिबल हो पाया क्योंकि लोग अच्छली ब्लीब करने लग गए कि चाइना में ऐसा creation हो रहा है, ऐसा innovation हो रहा है उन्होंने एक narrative बदल दी, bubble बदल दी, so they did all three, the chain, उन्हें अपनी काहनी बदल दी, उन्होंने अपने लोगों को वापस खीच लिया, और उन्होंने बाकी लोगों से अपने लिए काम करवाए, do you think India हो करना चाहिए भीछ?

1:30:40लोग लाने वाला बस, इपने अच्छा डिवेट चल रहा है कि इंडिया में डियस्पुरा को वापेस आना चाहिए नहीं आना चाहिए I don't want to get into that debate but मैं एक फिर्म बिलीवर हू कि अगर हमें ग्लोबल सूपर पावर बनना है the world will have to serve us America was served by the world the best minds from all over the world worked in America and built America it's not just Indian family from all over there. China has taken secrets and intellectual poverty and like we're just discussing from all over there. We'll have to find a way that the finest ideas and finest minds and finest industries and biggest sources of capital dhan rashi or you know chatur dimag or uche vichar sab जो दुनिया में है वो सब हमारे लिए काम करें.

1:31:32हमें ढूंडना पड़ेगा तरीका. मेरा तो एक विचार ये था कि जैसे हम लोग एक PLI स्कीम निकालते हैं यह electronics में manufacturing करने के लिए हमने incentive दिया वो शायद सरकार अगर बोली मैं एक number उठा रहा सरकार बोली कि मैं 10 ,000 क्रोड का incentive देने वाली हूँ manufacturing मेरा यह विचार है कि हम उसमें से ये क्यों नहीं बोलते कि 10 करोड रुपे मैं 4 top scientist को हिंदुस्तार में उसी sector में काम करने के लिए वापस दाने के लिए 10 करोड रुपे यह नहीं 5 करोड रुपे साल की तंखा 4 अच्छे scientist को वापस ले लो 10 साल के लिए तो कितना हो गया 100 करोड 10 ,000 करोड में से आपने सिरफ 100 करोड में 4 अच्छे साइंटेस वापस बुला लिए जो 40 को अपने नीचे ट्रेन करके एक कुरी आर्मी बना थे मरबाई दिखोना चीए कि जिस बड़े सेक्टर में हम एक incentive स्कीम बनाएं एक incentive बे मैनिफैचरिंग में हम उसमें talent को भी लाए.

1:32:26Global talent को attract करें. Indian हो, Diospora हो, American हो, मुझे उससे कोई मत्मन नहीं. Top talent को लाओ, Global salaries पर, और उनको Indian ecosystem, talent ecosystem create करने के लिए बहुकर. नहीं करोन मैंने number उठा है, उसको 3 भी बहुत सकते हैं, 4 भी बहुत सकते हैं, यह सब एक सिर्वन पर मेरा बद बद है कि हम भी सोचना पड़े क्योंकि मेरा यह मानना है और ORF इसके लिए अमेरिका में भी है और मिडल इस में भी है ORF दुबाई में है डी -सी में है और हिंदुसान में तो खेर दिल्ली -बंबाई और कोलकता में है बट हम इसकी लिए भाग है क्योंकि मेरा जो बोड था हमारा जो बोड है ORF का उन्होंने एक assessment भी कि the best ideas ऐसे विचार जो जो हिंदुस्तान के लिए बहुत beneficial होंगे जो भारत के लिए बहुत फाइदा मन्द होंगे वो सिरफ हिंदोसान में नहीं मिलेंगे, वहर जगा मिल सकते हैं, कहीं भी मिल सकते हैं so some of the best ideas that will serve India can be global are likely to be in any place in the world so we have to open funnels and receptacles to receive them we have to have the ability to receive the best ideas for us wherever they may be the most important stockpile of money like you were discussing I am not talking about the volume the most important stockpile that will change one sector or that can create the jamnagar of rare earth for example, right?

1:33:56May actually come from an external actor. Are we opening receptacles for them? Are we being able to, you know, the most important policies that are being written in the world that will affect our growth. जो सबसे जाजा जो नीतिया बन रही है जिससे हमारी future की growth को positive या negative impact हो सकता है, वो भारत में थोड़ी लिखी जा रही है. वो वाशिंटन डीसिंग में लिखी जा रही है. वो लोग जो अपने लिए लिख रहे हैं उससे हमें नुक्सान होता है उनकी trade policy से हमें भी बादा पढ़ी है लिखी वहाँ पर है भी बादा हमें पढ़ी है तो अगर हमें अपनी future को secure करना है हमें उनकी नीतियों में interfere करना है करते हैं हिंदुसान में करते हैं इब करते हैं एंडास किसी मैं करना पड़े होदी हैं और उनकी इपिंपक्ट हो रह रहा है आप देखें कैसे चार और से यंट Candi के � deal है हमें के बात और बात पर भी आ वा में कह रहा हूं कि जब मैं F.T.

1:35:08क्या कह रहा है मुझे से कोई मतनल नहीं है हमारा तो अगर मैंने कुछ बोल दिया गलत अपने किसी एक पड़ोसी देश के बारे में तो सबसे पहले जो कलकत्ता का न्यूस्पेपर है वो लिखता आर्टिकल मैं मताब नी कर रहा हूँ क्यों करते हैं हमारे and any resemblance is purely coincidental मैं किसी की तरह इशारा नहीं कर रहा यह purely fictitious मैं कर रहा हूँ मैं देखता हूँ कि अगर हमारी कोई रिपोर्ट आती है अगर एक या किसी के against में हो और मैंने अभी एक मेरे कलीग में रेपोर्ट में काली है the economics of war कि how American companies have created returns worth 40x in Ukraine because of Ukraine उनको किता फाइदा हुआ Ukraine conflict it's a war economy तरह से अबने कुछ दूसरे रफाने के बारे पूसरे रफाने के बारे पूसरे रहादे शुट ठीक है no but you can see the ecosystem impact their impact on our ecosystem our local ecosystem is implicated So I am saying Look big countries बड़े देशों को यह सब करना पड़ता है साम अदाम अदन बेट लेगे करना पड़ता यह invest करना पड़ता है और यह थेटर जो आपने domination की बात कर रहे है वो इसके लिए है क्योंकि लडाई गोली चला के नहीं करी जाती जो आपने पहला समाल कुछे इस तरीके सीज़ाए ता समझ रहे है इस वाइए लास्ट पॉइंट इन डॉमिनेशन बैटल ग्राउंट करन्सी डॉमिनेशन का बाटल तो वर्ल्ड की करन्सी जो डॉमिनेट करती है डॉलर अब चाइना है दीरे दीरे parallel system बनाते जा रहे है रहे है वो petro yuan करनी कोश्च करनी है नहीं नहीं गलत है यह नहीं हो पार है यह यह जैसे बट इन साओधी रेविया 44-45 % अपना तेल का धंदा पूरा वो yuan में करने लग गया है चाहना कभी deficit economy नहीं करेगा, चाहना कभी किसी के लिलिशंचिश पैसी करेगा, कि उसका deficit में चल रहा हूँ trade, नहीं यारो, it will implode, it doesn't have the capacity, एक फिलेंगे उसको थोड़ा deficit economy, तेखेंगे, US आज की दिन पो क्यों रहो रहे हैं, क्यों चला रहा है, debt, नहीं उसका अगर किसी country के साथ 100 billion dollar का trade है 80 billion वो country export कर रही है 20 billion यह export कर रहा है और उसका यह literally दुनिया के साथ है they are running a deficit economy your currency becomes global when you are literally the deficit economy when you are the buyer when you are the buyer China तो seller है China की trading relationships are perverts trading relationships they are see trade is beneficial to China against investment that they are making in that country so what are they doing they are doing infrastructure investment which is the debt to sovereignty swap but because of the investment flow they are taking a trading surplus China runs a surplus economy look Yuan denominated trade happens I am not saying it doesn't happen but is Yuan a global currency no will it ever become if it becomes China will have to take a big beating which it is which it will not do one denominated trade happens based on the dollar rate so you you exchange but you look at dollar standard dollar Russia ruble rupee exchange might happen but the parity is determined through the dollar values so my point is but do you think de-dollarization का हाँए, हीमाः 22 ,on一直 करेडिब ही, द Way då है अखरूशीी है� did takते हैं इन इसलिए, तडेजिए इसलिकाना रही टेंटीट है, इस एपनरीद वीटासफिम, टेस्टरोब ही थर्सकांट करेंपर दो तूखोंट बिप्रेज है, र॥र्याइज है अजितू है। federally, आot ए्वरsecond स oil traffic from Iran has been flowing to China for years now through a currency settlement that happens outside of the dollar system and through shadow fleets which move outside of the insurance and shipping maritime architecture right that is happening with the advent of digital currencies and bitcoins and crypto coins some settlements are also happening in digital currencies but all of these are still linked to dollar for valuation so the means of settlement may become different currencies but the value holy standard will be the value determination is still indexed to the dollar currency now is de-dollarization something that is going to happen in the short term no will de-dollarization happen in the midterm i think there is going to be a shift away from the dollar not a deep dollarization and i think uh people are talking about gold and going back to real currency and all i don't unlikely unlikely i i don't think we are going to that that that train has left the station you know a gold-based currency or a real currency based on some asset classes that that train has left the station so for me uh the the weightage of dollar in the international basket may change but dollar is not going but do you think change in world order is coming look or has it come already look I think here is a point the world order is not dead the world the world order that we knew is not dead but

1:41:07it is no longer in charge of its own future it is no longer dead but it is not in charge of its own future it has been captured that's diplomatic answer let me tell you the old order is not dead but it is not in charge of its own future what I am basically trying to say is that order is not going to sustain if an attractive alternative is put on the table the reason it continues to linger is because there is nothing else to replace it that is what I am trying to say yeah there is no there it is it is benefiting from the tina factor there is no alternative right uh i think that is what i was trying to say that it is not dead yet but it is not in charge of its own future its future depends on the world being able to put together something which is equally attractive and compelling what has happened is that it has been reduced to a bystander or a or a talk shop in certain arenas where smaller plurilaterals and club laterals have emerged G20 of course is the most eminent of those but there are other groups also who are trying to you know for example in the board of peace as someone said is it like a piece of land or Elon said board of peace or whatever right so like board of peace for example now this should typically have been a UN process it's been captured by the white house and turned it into a farts right but i enjoy him a lot by the way you know i i have i have no uh i i really enjoy donald trump people should not understand from this think tank i'm just saying it's hostile to us it doesn't mean that he's not good entertainment for his own people i think i think i think i think he gives america what they love the most reality tv at a spectacular scale right so he's he's delivering that to them for a country that loves sitcoms and never-ending soaps, you know, dynasty, and you know, if you remember, you're too young to know those soap operas that were never-ending 20 years and 25 years soap operas.

1:43:15So, you know, he's catering to that American television addiction that he plays to every evening, you know, literally. And I love the way every, on Friday, he settles, he gives market hope and on Monday, he threatens Iran. You know, it's a cycle if you see how he plays it. It's great. I mean, look, as a student of society as a think tank there has never been a richer time to see global politics you know consume itself in some sense right so my point here is we are going to see multilateralism we are going to see plurilateralism we are going to see bilateralism we are going to see regional groups we are going to see economic groups we are going to see issue based coalition we are going to see friend with benefits and premiscuous relationships in geopolitics like never before but a large international order like the UN is not going to be replaced that easy in fact I asked my colleagues some time back, my researchers to think of an alternate and what emerged from those conversations was the UN itself so there is nothing wrong with the UN we have to just change the board of directors and we have to make sure that the CEO and the MDs report to the board and not the other way around.

1:44:33tomorrow the general assembly is reporting to the security council it is the security council that should be reporting to the general assembly we've got it wrong they've got the business structure wrong you understand? yeah so I think there's no problem in the structure the problem is in the way of working correct it's on the it's in the accountability matrix the security council has to be accountable to the general assembly today the general assembly is subservient to the security council interesting today the UN security council represents the last vestigial remnants of the colonial order that if not it doesn't look like there is more power to control anything because it has consumed itself like I said it was a project of the winners of world war 2 and for diversity they added China people had hope countries had hope from them ineffective delivery ineffective delivery so all international bodies IMF, WTO and my view is तेखो इंडिया को मुझे थोड़ा दुख होता है जब हार बारी इंडिया security council security India को बोलना चाहिए मुझे ना security council चाहिए ना UN चाहिए रखल अपनी seat मैंने क्या बोला है तेखो जिसमें आप अपने आप को इतना बुलंग करिये कि no solution should be possible without your participation.

1:45:51No climate action can happen without you. No food security architecture should emerge without you. No technology order can be framed without you. No rare earth and resource equation can be complete without you. Build your capabilities. People will want you to be there in every forum. And you say, आज ताइम बिये का लागा. Today I am building India. In one line, tell me last thing. कितना दूर है इंडिया इस से जो मैंने बूला है जो आप देख रहे हो global sentiment, India का sentiment, growth, data, facts, government, political stability or instability whatever, sub factors contributing सब मिला के and hostile neighbors etc.

1:46:3620 other things right, सारी हमारी problem देखे हैं यह global disruption जो हो रहा है वो भी contribute रहा है, as if not today, don't go with तो पास में अच्छा क्या हुआ है या फीचर में अच्छा होगा just at this point based on this when do you think कि India उस उस उपरपावर को चंट्रोल कर रहा होगा या उस पावरफुल पोजिशन पे होगा and our debtorist capabilities which will ensure that China will focus on building its trade with us. It will be a very different mission. In the next 10 years, it is going to change remarkably. In 2040, we will be what China was in 2020 before the pandemic.

1:47:3417, 16 to 17 trillion dollars. The preferred trading partner for 100 countries. and literally part of every new game in town in 2050 we will be amongst the top two economies of the world 2050-2055

1:47:56I am not I am not one of those who believe that 2047 is the wrong number it is ambitious but we must aim for the stars to reach the moon 2047 will ensure that the next 50 years of this last 50 years of this century we'll see India in a different life in a different life so 2047 is a good number to chase and it is not about an individual because he is to the target which is intergenerational it is for others to achieve it and I think that is what is good about 2047 it escapes us from an individual's ambitions or his orbit or their orbit so he set a far-sighted vision for the country when he's put 2047 as a target to chase it's good to chase it doesn't mind if we get only 80 % of the way we are still more than 3x what we are today if we get there and I think that's what's true I believe everyone who's watching has the same zeal and they'll push themselves extra to make that possible I wish to and thank you Raj for doing the podcast that you do and for three hours that you invest in lots of us thank you

1:49:13तक तक देखने के लिए अब आपको तीन चीज़े करने हैं नबर वन अभी इस चैनल को सब्सक्राइब कर लो क्योंकि जितना आप सब्सक्राइब करोगे उतने ही बहतर हम गैस ला पाएंगे आपके लिए Number 2, please comment में हमें बताइए कि हमने क्या गलत किया और क्या अच्छा किया ताकि उस feedback से हम सीख सके और आपके लिए और बहतर experience create कर सके And number 3, ये episode किसी एक इंसान के साथ जरूर शेयर करना क्योंकि एक conversation इनफ होती है किसी की जिन्दगी change करने के लिए I'll see you next time, until then, keep figuring out.