After Iran deal, Trump focuses on Ukraine

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1:54slavery reparations. Not a single dollar has been spent. And new reports by the UN has found that half of the world's children are now exposed to at least three climate hazards, threatening their health, education and survival. Also in this podcast. That is the biggest case ever that I've heard of that pets have been rescued and returned to their owners. Hundreds of cats in Vietnam are rescued from the illegal meat trade. We also hear about plummeting trust in news across the world and the story of an elusive music star who's been tracked down after more than a decade of searching.

2:39On the first full day of talks at the G7 summit in the French spa town of Evian, the focus has been on Russia's war with Ukraine and how to find an end to it. President Trump met Ukraine's President Zelensky and will hold further talks with him later. He told reporters that he was pushing for a deal from Russia. Russia should make a deal. Russia's lost tremendous amounts of people and so is Ukraine. And it's crazy what's going on there. But we had a meeting and we'll see how. I spoke with President Putin on Sunday and it's sort of the same thing. I mean, they just keep going, fighting, losing soldiers.

3:16They lose so many soldiers. This is not since World War II, is anything like this. I settled eight wars. This was the one I thought was going to be the easiest settled. There's a lot of dislike between the two leaders. President Zelensky gave this assessment of his meetings with President Trump and European leaders. We had a very positive summit and we discussed the situation on the battlefield. We spoke about negotiations with Russians, potential negotiations with Russians. We spoke about middle strikes and long range, the situation with Russian losses, economy and etc. Good news, first of all, that yes, Putin has to stop this war.

4:06And I have unanimity from all the leaders and EU presidents. I asked our North America correspondent, Anthony Durka, who's in Evian, what the mood was like there, given that tensions have been bad between Europe and Trump in the past few months. It seems friendlier, definitely, now than it has been in the past. And part of that is because of the Iran negotiations and this tentative agreement, memorandum of understanding that Trump and the Iranians have come to terms on. And that has lightened Trump's mood. And so when you see the leaders interacting, it's much more jovial, much more friendly. Friedrich Mertz, the chancellor of Germany, gave a soccer jersey, a German soccer kit to Trump that had 47, the number that Donald Trump is as president, on the back of it.

4:55So it seems like this is friendlier, even if, obviously, when talk turns to Ukraine, Donald Trump has been a little more dismissive of that than I think the Europeans would hope. What's at stake exactly here, Anthony? Well, I think the main thing for the Europeans is to try to keep this from creating any sort of rupture. If you remember back to last year's G7 meetings in Canada, Donald Trump left after the first day. He cut his time here short, and that's something that I think all of America's allies don't want to have happen again. And one of the reasons why Trump has been invited by the French President Macron to a dinner at the Palace of Versailles tomorrow night to try to keep them engaged and interested through the duration of these meetings.

5:37But the stakes here are to try to get all of the allies on the same page and get them working together. And on the big issues like Ukraine and Iran and trade, there have been tensions, but there is hope, I think, at this point, to find some sort of a way through. And, Anthony, a word on Iran. Did he seem upbeat about that, reveal anything further regarding the deal? Trump is a salesman, and he's been selling this Iran deal nonstop since he's been here. He said he thinks it's a great deal, that people are going to be happy with it. In a meeting with the emir of Qatar, he talked it up. He said that there was going to be no American money sent to Iran.

6:12There had been talk about investment, but that's farther down the road. And he says that this next round of negotiations on the Iran deal, after this memorandum of understanding, the negotiations that are going to hammer out the details of Iran's nuclear program, how they're going to address that, those are going to actually be easier than the negotiations they've had so far. So it was a very optimistic, upbeat American president. Anthony Zerker reporting. Three years ago, the Church of England promised to spend roughly$130 million on slavery reparations, aiming to address some of the wrongs created from its historical ties to the transatlantic slave trade.

6:51The church is yet to specify how this money will be spent or who will benefit. But the initial aim of Project Spire was to invest in communities adversely affected by historical chattel slavery, as well as to fund research and education. But today, no money has been spent, and the chief architect of the project, Bishop Rosemary Mallett, has told the BBC the window is narrowing on being able to deliver what the church promised. Opponents of the project say they're determined to block it. Our religion editor Ali Makboul has more details. There is a paved area, which we can walk through shortly. Have a look at that.

7:32At Rochester Cathedral, Reverend Philip Hesketh, the dean, shows me renovations made in the 18th century. There were seven Georgian houses. Those houses were built as accommodation for staff, for clergy, and an organist's house. Except what they've discovered is that they were paid for by the profits made when the dean back then invested in a company that trafficked slaves. It's important to identify it, acknowledge it and to tell that story. It's the kind of reckoning that's been going on across the Church of England since the killing of George Floyd. The most breathtaking revelation was made in 2023.

8:13Research into the origins of the Church's multi-billion pound endowment fund showed that for much of the 18th century, investments were also poured into a company that had a monopoly on transporting enslaved Africans to the Spanish Americas, making vast amounts of money. It absolutely felt like a watershed moment. The Right Reverend Rosemary Mallet is Bishop of Croydon. Once something is brought to the light, you cannot push it back into the darkness. So clearly, with this deep connection to African chattel enslavement, that could no longer be hidden. When the investigation was published, the Church apologised and immediately announced the setting up of Project Spire, a new£100 million social impact fund aimed at starting to make amends.

9:02But the voices of opposition have grown loud. One of the most prominent is Lord Nigel Bigger, Conservative peer, theologian and ordained priest. He says the church needs to stop saying sorry for slavery, especially when Anglicans were instrumental in abolishing it. I don't think it helps race relations to exploit white guilt in terms of a narrative of white oppression, black victimhood. I mean, some whites were guilty, but let's be clear, some whites were liberating and emancipatory. But you're talking about emancipation happening after the complicity. Yes, there was some complicity. We repented big time 200 years ago and now we're doing it again and we're becoming obsessed with it.

9:49Lord Bigger, an influential voice in the church, thinks investing on the basis of race is divisive and also doesn't accept people now are affected by what their ancestors went through.

10:07That's not what Father Andrew Mumby sees in his own congregation at St Peter's in South London. I see every day here in Woolworth structural inequality, poverty, and in this borough there is a very high proportion of people who are from a black Caribbean background. So we know that those things overlap. Father Andrew says not addressing historic injustice perpetuates division. But some have questioned the historical premise of the church's financial investigation. And earlier this year, 27 politicians wrote to the church saying using its investment funds on anything other than supporting clergy and parishes was illegal.

10:54Conservative MP Katie Lamb said it would also put off parishioners from donating. If you give your money to a donkey sanctuary, that money cannot instead be used for a domestic violence shelter. Now, that's not a value judgment. The Church has said no donations coming in are to be used for reparatory justice. But for now, Project Spires' money goes unspent. Bishop Rosemary Mallett, leading Spires' committee, has already felt the backlash and thinks a changing political climate is making things harder. I don't think the terrain is as easy as it was five years ago. We have seen greater divisiveness.

11:37All of that noise has made people more nervous about striding forward. Do you think it's going to deliver? I pray. I hope. I think the window is still there, but I think it has narrowed. Bishop Rosemary Mallett ending that report from Alim Mughal. And for more on that story, you can listen to File on 4 Investigates wherever you get your podcasts. Let's head to Vietnam now and the country's grisly trade in cats and dogs for restaurants. Selling their meat is not against the law with the rights permits, but it seems illegal trafficking in the animals is widespread. Police today said they'd managed to rescue hundreds of cats and reunite them with their owners after breaking up a gang who'd been stealing them to sell on as food.

12:26Na Pham is a freelance journalist based in Hanoi. She spoke to my colleague James Menendez. The local government in Ho Chi Minh City decided to organise a crackdown on the rings that were responsible for stealing cats and other animals, other pets from innocent owners across the city. So they rescued something like 400 cats. Most of them are pets and reunited lots of them with their owners. And that is the biggest case ever that I've heard of that pets have been rescued and returned to their owners. How are these cats taken? I mean, are they taken what from outside people's houses, from the street?

13:08Yeah, interesting you ask that. Two days ago, actually, I was shown a CCTV clip. Actually, all the people in my word were shown that just as a sign of warning that some thieves actually going around the community at night and they use some kind of electric device to paralyze the pets temporarily and then catch them with nets, like, you know, butterfly nets, things like that. So there are a few methods of catching pets, but that is the most popular one. And lots of cats in Hanoi actually have been caught and been stolen that way. A happy ending, I guess, for some of those cat owners who have been reunited with their pets.

13:50But as I understand it, some of the cats were so badly treated that they didn't make it. Is that right? That's right. Lots of cats actually died in the process. But, you know, there's only one aspect of the trafficking of pets, cats and dogs inclusive, because most of them actually end up in restaurants. The practice of eating dog meat and cat meat is still quite rampant, quite prevalent in Vietnam. You know, during the old times, it's the only source of food or protein that people could get. But now they still keep that practice. And restaurants that sell cat meat and dog meat are still quite popular not only in Hanoi, which means city, but also other cities across the country.

14:32And I think with the flow of tourists, especially foreign tourists, into the country at the moment, the government really wants to do something to show that we cannot continue that barbaric practice of eating cat and dog meat. Oh, really? So they're trying to dissuade people from eating it, even if it is obtained legally, the meat? Well, you know, eating dog meat and cat meat is actually not banned in Vietnam. You are allowed to eat it, and restaurants are allowed to sell them. They have to obtain some kind of license like any other restaurant. However, you know, eating stolen cats and dogs is obviously a crime.

15:10And the government is really keen to promote their images, you know, as animal-friendly, no abuse of animals, and especially now people really love their pets, you know, for them, you know, like my mother who has two cats, you know, she probably loves them more than me. So, you know, obviously people really, really treasure their pets and the government wants to show that they have that commitment to not only preserve the image of the country, but also to respect other, you know, people, the population's feelings and their unions with their pets. Hanoi-based freelance journalist, nah, farm there.

15:50Now on paper, there was surely only one result, wasn't there? Spain, ranked third in the world, European champions and former winners and one of the favourites in the current World Cup. Well, they were up against Cape Verde, ranked 64th in the world and having never played in the competition before. So, of course, the match ended nil-nil. The might of Spain and their teen superstar, Lamin Yemal, frustrated by Cape Verde's extraordinary defence and, crucially, the man at the heart of it all. An unheard of 40-year-old goalkeeper plying his trade in Portugal's second division. Well, the world's heard of him now.

16:27He's Virginia and he's become an overnight sensation. Our reporter Branca Lessa de Sade told me how it all happened. People watching were, again, very kind of captivated by him and that gained him a certain following. But what happened was, Cazete V, which is a Brazilian broadcaster, the one that holds the rights to the World Cup in Brazil, during their broadcast of the match, they urged their watchers to follow him, give him a follow on Instagram. And he just saw his following shoot up after the match he was asked about this. He said, oh my God, I couldn't expect it. It went from 50 ,000 to 5 million, over 5 million followers I think he's on now.

17:06And he said he's always seen a lot of love from Brazil. He feels a lot of love for Brazil. His name, his real name, José Mar Gias, is actually after a Brazilian player. He says that his granddad and his mum were both Brazil fans and supported Brazil. So there's a connection there. And yeah, he's gone on top of, you know, now being known across the world and have put up this incredible performance against Spain. He's now a sort of social media sensation. And it's been quite incredible, not just for him, but for his family as well. This story is more bittersweet than it appears, isn't it? He was very emotional after the match.

17:40Initially, you'd think maybe it was just the kind of shock of having drawn against Spain, the favourites. But actually, what he said was that his grandparents, who he was raised by, who he had a very close relationship to, he was sad that they weren't able to watch the match. They passed away a few years ago and obviously they would have been in awe at watching him play on a world stage the way that he did. His nickname, Vazinha, which is what we know him as, is actually a Portuguese term, an affectionate term to refer to your grandma. And it has to do with the fact that he was raised by his grandparents.

18:11He was really close to them. And when he used to play as a kid with his friends, they used to say that he'd go back when he lost the match and complain to his grandparents. So it was sort of an affectionate, kind of playful, teasing nickname that he had. And it shows the relationship he had with them. On top of that, he said he also cried because his mum couldn't make it. And his mum couldn't make it because she couldn't afford the visa fees to go to the US to watch the match. So actually, a bittersweet moment for him. I think inevitably very happy to have got the score that they did, to have performed the way that he did, but obviously sad to not have had the people that watched him grow, watched him play, be there watching and cheering him on.

18:49Branca Lessa-Dissart reporting. Still to come in this podcast. A musical mystery has been solved after nearly 60 years. I'm coming home. September Jones, an enigmatic name for fans of northern soul music, has finally been tracked down.

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20:32Save big money now at Menards. Plus, don't forget to check out our weekly flyer on Menards.com for all the great deals happening now. Save big money at Menards. Who's actually won the Iran war? I'm Tristan Redman. And I'm Asma Khaled. And together we host the Global Story podcast from the BBC. The US and Iran say they've struck a deal to end the war. But a key question is what's actually been achieved by nearly four months of fighting. And is the situation better, worse or the same for the region and Iran? For the full story, check out The Global Story on BBC.com or wherever you get your podcasts.

21:25children are now exposed to at least three climate hazards, threatening their health, education and survival. UNICEF analysed children's exposure to eight climate-related events, including floods, droughts, extreme heat, fires and tropical storms. Those who are most affected lived in countries across the Sahel region of Africa, like Burkina Faso, Mali and South Sudan. Thousands of kilometres away, children in Papua New Guinea were seen swimming across a crocodile-filled river to get to school after a vital footbridge washed away during heavy rains and was not replaced. The report also found that even children in high-income countries are now exposed to at least one climate hazard.

22:10I spoke to Joanna Ray, UNICEF's Director of Advocacy. This report is telling us that every child across the world is being impacted already by climate change. And it's showing that half of the world's children are being exposed to at least three climate threats in their daily lives. And that's things like a drought or a severe heat wave or a flood. And what that means for children, particularly children, is that they're more in danger of getting sick. If there's a flood, potentially water gets contaminated. That's particularly risky for young babies. But it also means that the services that children rely on are disrupted.

22:44So if there's a huge flood and schools have to close, that means children aren't able to learn. or they're not able to get to school because the roadways or the passways are flooded. It's also the same for their health clinic or the services they need, nutrition services or immunisation services. So it's the direct impact of these climate events on children and their vulnerabilities. But it's also about the services around children that they need are either disrupted or closed down or in some cases are no longer there, whether a school is washed away in a flood or a health clinic isn't able to operate because it's been damaged by extreme fires.

23:22And I guess, is that why you've got the focus on children as well? Because some might say that this is going to be similar for people of all ages facing climate hazards, some older people as well. But you just outlined there, I guess, some of the key issues which impact children directly. So children obviously have particular vulnerabilities. When we're thinking about, for example, young babies being able to access their vaccination programmes to make sure that they don't contract deadly diseases, They need to be able to go to a health clinic. They need to be able to see a health professional.

23:52And obviously, children's bodies are growing and developing. Trying to manage extreme heat or extreme cold is very difficult on them. So children are particularly vulnerable. And that's why we're asking governments to recognise the impact that climate change is having on children right now and to act with urgency, to recognise it as the crisis it is for children. There'll be some children in countries and regions which are far more affected than others, I imagine, but also children living in high-income countries, almost all of them are exposed to at least one type of climate hazard too. Yes. So the report looks at the issue of air pollution, for example, and every single child in the world is being affected by poor air quality and air pollution, and that includes rich countries like the UK.

24:35And then we're seeing in some countries, children are being affected by multiple threats at the same time and at a very high level of intensity. But it's having an impact on childhoods everywhere. Joanna Ray from UNICEF. To Italy now, where police have uncovered what they call a ghost bank, an illegal outfit involved in providing financial services to criminals, both inside and outside the country. The amounts being funneled are huge and involve multiple means of keeping their activities undercover. Our global affairs reporter, Paul Moss, has been finding out more about the bank. It was based in the city of Prato in the north of Italy, which until now was famous only as the place where the Cantucci biscuit was invented.

25:20However, it seems to have been the epicentre of this huge financial operation, you were saying, providing services to a lot of very dodgy people. About$100 million passed through every year. And in a way, it did exactly the same thing that normal banks do. I mean, you know, you and I may use banks to make payments, for example, and that's what these guys were doing, except the payments were for drugs and also for people smuggling. People used banks to park their money for a while and then pass it on somewhere else. Again, you could do that with this bank, but it was a money laundering operation, so you could take ill-gotten gains, put them in the bank, and then they would emerge perhaps somewhere else, spotlessly keen and possible to explain to any nosy investigators.

26:00And how were they able to do this without attracting the attention of police? Well, it seems to have been a hybrid operation. You had the old-fashioned method of couriers carrying cash in suitcases. they also piggybacked off something called Hawala. This is a centuries-old system of moving money which is based on honour and trust. Essentially, in the modern-day version, you go to a Hawali dealer in your town and give them some money to perhaps go to a relative, and then they phone a Hawali dealer in the other country and that dealer hands the money to your relative. Because it involves no paperwork, it's very cheap and easy.

26:33But in fact, since 9-11, investigators have suspected that also it's being used sometimes by criminals I should say most of it is, of course, just for perfectly reasonable reasons, moving money, perhaps people using it to send money home that they've earned abroad. But it does seem in this case it was part of an illegal scheme. And I guess a lot of people will say, well, hang on, we've heard about these sort of deals previously conducted in Italy. Why is this operation getting so much heat and attention? Partly the size of it. Partly the fact that it involved lots of different organisations in different countries.