In short
The evolution of London’s restaurant and fine-dining scene, framed through Tom Parker Bowles’ history of royal/club dining, French influence, street food, and the rise of modern restaurants from the 1700s through the 1970s.
Guest
Tom Parker Bowles, a food writer and critic/observer of London’s eating culture; he brings his dog Maud. He discusses his family connections to classic London dining (e.g., Greens, Wilton’s, and his grandfather/food-writing lineage).
Key claims
- London’s “British” dishes reflect immigration and trade (fish and chips traced to Portuguese/Sephardi Jewish street-fish and French chips).
- Fine dining began as aristocratic/royal household practice; chefs became public “characters” later (hotels like the Savoy/Ritz).
- French service and French chefs shaped technique; Victorian/Edwardian court dining set lavish precedents that “trickled down” to clubs and restaurants.
- World War I rationing and Queen Mary’s temperance curtailed excess; postwar change accelerated after rationing ended (1955) and critics/food writers pushed reform.
Notable examples
- Edward VII’s silver-chafing “Edwardian breakfast,” turtle soup (36 hours), and one-bite snipe with foie gras/truffle/Madeira sauce.
- Wilton’s origins from an oyster/fishmonger and its 1840 alcohol licence; Simpsons as a middle-class, male-dominated dining alternative.
- Mark Burley’s clubs/restaurants and perfectionist cooking (e.g., hollowed boiled egg with scrambled egg and caviar).
- Le Gavroche and other late-50s/60s reformers; later London’s “middle” finally improved.
Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.
Chapters
Tap a time to open that second in VOThe Historical Context of London's Culinary Scene
0:00 to 0:39
Explore the origins of London's restaurant scene post-French Revolution.
“After the French Revolution, of course, when all the Toffs had their heads lopped off, there were a lot of out-of-work chefs.”
London: A Global Crossroads of Cuisine
0:56 to 2:31
Discussion on London's evolution into a hub of diverse culinary influences.
“To help us make sense of it all, I'm joined by Tom Parker Bowles, food writer, critic and one of the most knowledgeable and entertaining observers of what London is eating and why.”
The Roots of London's Restaurant Culture
2:31 to 3:45
Examining the early days of restaurants and their connection to international trades.
“because people would describe it as sort of very cosmopolitan, lots of international influences and stuff.”
Cultural Influences on British Cuisine
3:45 to 5:17
Exploration of how various cultures shaped iconic British dishes like fish and chips.
“There wasn't a middle class as such, as we know.”
The Evolution of Fine Dining in England
5:17 to 7:38
Insight into the transition from home dining to public fine dining establishments.
“I mean, moving forward a little bit after the French Revolution, of course, when all the Toffs had their heads lopped off, there were a lot of out-of-work chefs.”
Royal Influence on British Cuisine
7:38 to 9:35
How royalty shaped the culinary landscape, focusing on Edward VII and his dining habits.
“You know, dinners were 12 to 14 courses, lunch, eight to 10, and very, very French.”
The Opulence of Edwardian Dining
9:35 to 13:55
A look into the lavish breakfast and lunch habits of Edward VII and other royals.
“It was these silver chafing dishes, 12, 15, 16 of them, you know, sat there with little burners underneath.”
Historical Culinary Delights of Royalty
14:02 to 17:41
Explore the extravagant dishes favored by historical royals and their societal impact.
“And then they would be poached and then roasted, you know, sort of finished.”
The Influence of Royal Dining on Society
17:41 to 22:52
Discover how royal dining habits influenced the wider culinary landscape of London.
“Of course, Edward said he would go to Paris a lot.”
Street Food Culture in Victorian London
22:52 to 27:06
Learn about the vibrant street food culture that thrived in Victorian London.
“But the street food, you know, all the pies and the eel pies and the oysters in the barrel.”
Show all 28 chapters
Iconic London Restaurants: Wilton's and Rules
27:06 to 28:00
Delve into the history and significance of two of London's most iconic restaurants.
“but it does look like it's a time portal.”
Reflections on Wilton's and Greens
28:00 to 29:00
Explore the personal dining experiences at Wilton's and Greens through nostalgia.
The Evolution of Simpsons Restaurant
29:00 to 31:10
Discuss the history and significance of Simpsons in London's dining culture.
“And it came about, I mean, Simpsons was like, I can't remember, I should know from PR, 18.”
Dining Dynamics: Clubs vs. Democratic Restaurants
31:10 to 34:10
Examine the transition from exclusive dining clubs to more democratic restaurant experiences.
“You know, it was lots of claret because the British always loved claret.”
Post-War Dining and Rationing Effects
34:10 to 36:50
Delve into the impact of post-war rationing on London's dining landscape.
“and doesn't have to live up to a specific English, sort of old English standard.”
The Influence of Raymond Postgate
36:50 to 38:40
Learn about Raymond Postgate's role in revolutionizing British dining through the Good Food Guide.
“And then I think after rationing, I think people would come in from America and just be a port, even in the hotels, in the best hotels, Brown Windsor Soup.”
The Transformation of London’s Culinary Scene
38:40 to 42:01
Explore how French influences and early chefs reshaped London's restaurant culture.
“And he started the architectural review.”
The Evolution of London's Restaurant Culture
42:01 to 45:31
Explore how London's restaurant scene transformed from the 70s to modern times.
“And you think of, I suppose, there were all these things like the White Elephant.”
Culinary Shifts and the Rise of Modern Dining
46:32 to 55:40
Delve into how dining styles changed with small plates and tasting menus.
“And suddenly the game, the antis is put up because there was that sort of...”
The New Wave of Chefs and Restaurant Dynamics
55:40 to 56:00
Discover the impact of celebrity chefs and their influence on London dining.
“And that changed the way London and Britain ate at the top end forever.”
The Evolution of London's Dining Scene
56:00 to 57:59
Explore how London's culinary landscape transformed in the late 20th century.
“Michelin, you know, even though I think the Waterside had three and Gavroche had three.”
Iconic Chefs and Their Influence
58:00 to 1:00:18
Learn about the chefs who shaped modern British cuisine and their philosophies.
“Rody Lee obviously had trained at Le Pulpo and the Gavroche a bit on Derue so he was French trained.”
The Shift to Fine Dining and New Markets
1:00:19 to 1:02:50
Understand the rise of fine dining and the impact of international influences on London's food scene.
“You wouldn't have, you know, the women that have come out of Gordon's Kitchen, Claire Smith, another fantastic chef.”
Catering to a Global Audience
1:02:51 to 1:06:24
Discuss how London's restaurants began catering to new demographics and tastes.
“places that perhaps Sexy Fish now we haven't even got on to the era of Richard Kering yet and whatever you say about Richard Kering he's a genius and I realised I love the Caprice.”
Dining Experience and Service Expectations
1:06:25 to 1:10:03
Examine how restaurant service and dining experiences have evolved over time.
“And would be my one of choice, except for maybe Santa Maria del Sur on Queenstown Road.”
Dining Experiences and Restaurant Loyalty
1:10:03 to 1:11:22
Explore the importance of restaurant loyalty and unique dining experiences.
“come in and saved up for for three weeks to come that is hugely important really really important He did that very well at the Woolsey.”
Challenges in the Restaurant Landscape
1:11:22 to 1:15:08
Discuss the challenges restaurateurs face in today's dining climate.
“Of course, this government, anti-pleasure.”
London's Diverse Culinary Scene
1:15:08 to 1:17:07
Learn about the variety and cultural richness of London's dining scene.
“London is one of the most expensive cities in the world.”
Transcript
Automatic transcript. May contain errors.0:00After the French Revolution, of course, when all the Toffs had their heads lopped off, there were a lot of out-of-work chefs. So they all came over the channel and came to work for the royal family. I think we should all be obsessed with Edward VII, frankly. Edward VII is my favourite, with an obvious exception, is my favourite royal. Queen Mary decided there'd be no drinking in the household that caused most of the chefs to throw themselves off the parapets. But it was such a scene, the Caprice of the 90s. and it was open till 12 and Mark Hicks was cooking there. But when you get into London as 100 different nationalities, cultures coming together, that's what makes me very proud to be a Londoner too.
0:39Hello and welcome to The Luxury Dispatch, the podcast that reveals the refined and the rare. People, items and stories that make up the luxury industry. I'm Tom Chamberlain and today it's bibs on, table manners honed and silver cloches highly polished. Today we're discussing the rise of the London fine dining and restaurant scene. London has long been a city that eats well, but in recent years it has become something more than that. It is a global crossroads of flavour, technique and tradition, where the old guard of grand restaurants sit comfortably alongside bold newcomers and where some of the most exciting food in the world is being cooked within a few square miles of each other.
1:12To help us make sense of it all, I'm joined by Tom Parker Bowles, food writer, critic and one of the most knowledgeable and entertaining observers of what London is eating and why. Tom, welcome and good luck for living up to the pressure of that introduction. Well, thank you very much for coming on. And I've brought my dog Maud along. Oh, welcome Maud. First dog on the Luxury Dispatch. I'm probably the worst dressed person you've had on this podcast so far. So I apologise to all your very, very pure and aesthetic viewers and listeners. I like the tweed. The tweed, which I bought, I was telling you, in Scotland in a fantastic tailor.
1:47I walked in with my friend who was getting a beautiful Scottish velvet coat, mate. He's Scottish. And they sort of, in that wonderful way, Taylor's doing incredibly polite. But I was wearing a sort of linen version of this, what they call a work jacket, I think it is, because they fit everything in. They looked me up and down and sort of said, I'd be interested in this. I think they were so appalled, you know, that I didn't want to buy a suit. So anyway, they're doing these and it's sort of half smart. But I think I can still make anything look shabby. No, well, you're very welcome either way.
2:16I like you're right, Taylor's, they make suggestions. They do. And you are wise to follow them often. I try to anyway. They know. So food. The London restaurant scene for me is a fascinating thing because people would describe it as sort of very cosmopolitan, lots of international influences and stuff. But it must have started at a time when there wasn't access to sort of international influence. And so can we get back to that and think about the sort of nascent years of restaurants and the idea of a restaurant? I mean, obviously, as we all know, the restaurant as it started in Paris, you know, the restaurant and it was you would sort of start with a bowl of soup or whatever it was.
3:00But if you think that London has always been an international city, it's always been a hub of trade, of spices, of things coming in from all over the world. you look back to example for a dish like fish and chips which those sort of bull headed nationalists you know sort of shouting screaming about English England for the English that's sort of rubbish that is basically that's a Portuguese Jewish dish it came in with the Sephardi Jewish population and they would be selling cold fish on the streets and chips of French so this great so-called British dish is half French half Sephardi Jewish which always makes me feels really an utter joy Yeah, great.
3:40But really the first street food, I mean, you're looking through, obviously back 300, 400 years ago, the rich ate very well and the poor ate gruel. There wasn't a middle class as such, as we know. So the rich had their chefs and they ate in. And the poor would be on sort of gruel or, you know, with a bit of salt pork or whatever they'd get their hands on. But as time went on, you started getting the chop houses, the taverns, the chop houses the places where you'd rest your horses and that would be very much a very meaty fare there was a fantastic French one called Monsieur Misson I think it was about 16, maybe about 1720 and he came to England and he said this is wonderful these puddings of every kind and beef and you know the old roast beef of England and England's old roast beef but they were very meat, they were very choppy and meaty and heavy and quite male as well.
4:38Makes me think of Mrs. Ming's pie shop in Blackadder. In Blackadder, exactly. And these taverns, you know, taverns and chop houses, they were quite rowdy. You could get your ales and your meat and you'd have a big lot of meat. Then, of course, there were the gentlemen's clubs, which you know a lot about, which was, I suppose, a place where one could go and eat if your chef was off or whatever it was. and they as you well know started white stuff i think as a coffee house or yeah so they were they were set up as sort of gambling institutions and and coffee houses so people go there and they it was open to the public and intrigue and gossip but then would you get different groups so there'd be wigs in one place and tories another exactly scientists and and and the um interesting you mention about uh if your chef is off because it kind of gives the impression that ultimately for a long time fine dining was strictly for the home at one point.
5:34Absolutely. There was no question. I mean, moving forward a little bit after the French Revolution, of course, when all the Toffs had their heads lopped off, there were a lot of out-of-work chefs. So they all came over the channel and came to work for the royal family. And especially if you think that Francatelli came to work for Queen Victoria, he disappeared, this great confectioner, this great pâtissier. and disappeared under some, you know. And those says you really had to behave quite badly to be booted out. But he was booted out. It was all covered up. I couldn't find it in the archive quite why.
6:08But it was definitely dodgy. You think of the great Kerem. And then, of course, Escoffier, that old rogue. We always think, oh, Escoffier, who created, of course, the Battery de Cuisine. Yeah. And a great, absolutely star, you know, I wouldn't use the word, but Escoffier was absolutely obsessed with celebrities. He'd always been naming sort of Peach Melba after Nelly Melba. Edward VII, obsessed with Edward VII. And Edward VII was this. I think we should all be obsessed with Edward VII, frankly. Oh, Edward VII is my favourite, with an obvious exception, is my favourite role. He was a man of gargantuan appetites.
6:45And, of course, you know, he, his, Queen Victoria was a great eater as well. Everyone pretended that Queen Victoria, oh, she ate like a dainty little bird. No, she didn't. No, she didn't. There's a wonderful book. called the Greedy Queen. She ate fast as well. Very, very fast. So what happened is, you know, if you're sitting there and all these old buffers of the court, what happened with the food in those days, when it moved, when service moved from service à la française, which was everything put into the middle and everyone shared, to service à la rousse, where you started, like, the way we have it now, where everything's delivered in different courses.
7:18So the queen would sit and she was a gobbler, as her uncle said, one of those techs. And the food would be put down. she'd eat it. And of course, it was, you know, if she's sitting with the court, there might have been 80, 100 people. So the people at the end, you know, by the time she put her knife or fork down, it was whisked away. So you had to eat very, very fast to get anything down you. But these were very lavish affairs. You know, dinners were 12 to 14 courses, lunch, eight to 10, and very, very French. So going back to the idea of haute cuisine in the house, it was always in the house.
7:51And the great families, whether it was the Devonshires or the Rothschilds, or the, you know, they all swap chefs and, you know, sort of how wonderful. And so it wasn't until the age of the Great Hotel, of the Savoy, of the Ritz, that the chefs became these characters behind it. And, of course, César Ritz and Escoffier, they were two rogues. They were always nabbing money and taking backhanders. But Escoffier, you know, how to have 2 ,000 ways with soul. You know, you look at Escoffier's culinary guide, which is fantastic. But, of course, that's how the whole kitchen came about. Scoffrey created the batterie de cuisine, you know, with your head chef at the top going all the way down to your plonger at the bottom.
8:33So, yes, it started grand food was very much royals, aristocrats and whoever had money. Maybe think of P.G. Woodhouse with Anatoly. Anatoly, you know, the bits where it's sort of like angels crying on his tongue. Yeah, yeah. And, of course, you know that bit when I think it's not the scary one. One of the great punishments that Ardyn could dish out is, you're not allowed his food. That sort of sense of betrayal and absolute anguish of not being able to taste this particular kind of food. And he and Bertie, of course, was, you know, and having written his one article. Sneaking into the kitchens at night.
9:08Loved it. And having written his one article for what the gentleman wears today, I think it was. He writes one article he's so inordinately proud of Bertie's one piece. He wrote for Aunt Agatha's magazine, Aunt Darlene's magazine. Anyway. But yes, Anatoly is one of those great figures. But in the great, you know, we're now moving into Victorian, Edwardian times. And back to Edward VII, he was astonishing. He didn't drink very much, reasonably little. But the Edwardian breakfast was a thing of great beauty. It was these silver chafing dishes, 12, 15, 16 of them, you know, sat there with little burners underneath.
9:44And there would be scallops and there would be kidneys and there'd be lots of devil, devil bones. There would be, in season, there would be coal partridge and grouse. There would be eggs of every kind you wanted, always on the side, a tongue, a couple of capons, a barrow and a beef to help yourself. It's very much like that, the picnic that Ratty has. And it's like lemonade and da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da. That one long sentence, which I love most of all. And ginger beer and blah-de-blah-de-blah. So that was his breakfast. And what one of his sort of queries would you say? no, but the king doesn't really eat breakfast.
10:19He's a sort of toast and coffee man unless he's going racing or shooting. Now, he did a lot of racing and shooting. Not quite as much as his son, to be honest, George V. George V was an absurdly prolific shooter. It did get to the point once where the Duke of Windsor, his son, was driving back and they got something like 1 ,800 at one of his friends' shoots, probably in Norfolk. And he did say, George V said to the Duke of Windsor, So then he was, you know, he said, I did think we went a bit far there, darling. Took a bit far. But again, George, so you'd have, so you go back to Edward. Edward would have his breakfast.
10:56Then at 11's, he'd always have a man with a flask of turtle soup. Now, turtle soup takes 36 hours to prepare. It involves a haunch of beef, lots of turtles. The recipe starts with, you know, get one fat, lively turtle, flip it open. And, of course, we can't eat green turtles now. No, no, no. They're very endangered. And probably because of all the toffs we're eating and all those days. So we'd have that or a half a lobster to keep them going. Then there'd be lunch. And lunch you'd expect, whether in Buckingham Palace, Sandringham, Balmoral, or aboard the Victorian Albert, his steam yacht, which on heavy seas with a big coal oven, which would go out the whole time.
11:34So your lark pie or your whatever it is, your cotillette. You know, it'd be very difficult. And there was a wonderful guy called Gabriel Schumi, who was the royal chef Swiss started under Queen Victoria as an underchef and went all the way through and ended up as royal chef to Queen Mary I think at Lanxer House anyway he obviously as was the way of authorised memoirs of members of the household no one could do any wrong but Queen Mary is a great gourmand but back to Edward fabulous looking woman by the way she's like a ship in full sail i mean she was magnificent and actually if you read all those wonderful hugo vickers but she wasn't the kleptomaniac because there's this old myth that she'd come very nice fabergé thing and of course you have to pack it pack it in the back because the queen had asked for it and she wasn't like that at all um but she was a real real gourmand and of course um of the seventh son george v was was completely disinterested in food he was a naval man he would have happily lived on ships you know hard tack and you know and and uh salt port he liked curries and his favorite thing was uh bombay duck you know the sort of dried fish so his taste horrible yeah completely different from ebb with the seventh who love rich food and love um and it was always that mix with victoria onwards between the oat you know state bank was still in french menus are still because it was the language of sophistication when it comes to culinary things and of course the great chefs were all over by this stage um and the hearty you know they like the roast beef and the curries and the pies of course shooting lunches were very british and very hearty pastries and pastries and of course tea is the one thing that still to this day everything stops at five for tea wherever you are and this wasn't just a cup of tea it's you know sandwiches two cutting cakes scones potted shrimps maybe you know sort of eggs benedict you It was a full feast.
13:35So you have breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner. And dinner was everything. His favorite dish of the 7th was snipe, you know, this tiny, absolute bugger to bone. If you think it's bad doing a chicken, try. So what happened? You get the snipe. It'd be deboned. Then a bit of caviar. I mean, not caviar, but a foie gras would be put on top. It would be wrapped in cool fat, the stomach lining fat, Grilled, taken out Covered in a truffle and Madeira sauce And he would eat, you know, 20 of them Because they were one bite things Or partridge, you know, it was all about How beautiful the food looked in those days So one of the great dishes That Eb the Seventh liked and was served at his coronation Obviously it was postponed his coronation Because he was very ill So all this caviar had to be given to all the poor houses Which would have been quite interesting But all the jellies were kept And there was a quail dish where you debone the quail take the head off and then put it back together again, stuff it with faguar, put the head back on, but there'd be egg white eyes and truffle for the blacks of the eyes.
14:39And then they would be poached and then roasted, you know, sort of finished. And then they'd be served on a huge granita of pineapple. And of course, pineapple was in those days a way of saying, I'm very rich. Super exotic, yeah. Because of pinery, you had to heat the whole way through the year. And so, you know, the nouveau rich would get a pineapple and put it on the table until it rotted. You know, it was this sign of real. And you see across all the estates, you still see the pineapples. Often on paintings and stuff, the pineapple will be there as a sort of, because the family were like, you have to include that.
15:10It's a sign of wealth. But the royals didn't have to do that so much because they were the very top. But the habits of the royals and the, I guess, the things that they liked often bled into society. So the clothes that they wanted to wear. or yeah so was that similar with food and and and so did the what they were wanting to eat in court then bleed to the clubs which then kind of had some sort of trickle down effect i think the clubs had their own sort of food and it hasn't changed which is basically school food it's nursery well the idea was that at the time was that uh when the aristocracy started going into these coffee houses initially it wasn't just toffs it was everybody could go in but it got taken over because the toss were able to gamble more and were able to there was then they kind of made it for themselves but because they did that they wanted better art they wanted better furniture and they wanted better food yeah and so they pushed the proprietors to be like you need to make more of an effort and so it's just interesting to think about whether that uh when they would speak to the proprietors they would say look the palace are doing this we should probably be doing something similar or whether as you say kidney and bacon straight up that's what we're going for i think very much if you think that the household when you think about cooking for the royal family especially in those days the sort of principles they were only six to twelve then of course you had the different it was a class system very much stratified in the form you'd have um the private the sectaries, the Aquaries, the ladies-in-waiting, they would all be sort of upper class.
16:52And they would eat with the royals, or probably the same as the royals, with a couple of exceptions. Then you'd move down a level, and you'd move right down through levels. But the great advantage of working at the palaces, especially in Victorian times, is that everyone got a lot of booze and a lot of meat, which was not particularly prevalent, especially if you didn't have any money in Victorian times. I mean, people used to dread Victoria and Edward VII coming to stay for the weekend because it would bankrupt them. They'd go broke. They would have to have, and they would all outdo each other.
17:20And some of these impoverished toffs couldn't afford it. We had Alice Loxton on to talk about stately homes, and that was part of the conversation. It's genius, isn't it? They had to make the houses amazing in case royals came, but once the royals did come, they had to sort of basically sell up because it was so expensive. I mean, it was a three-day stay with Edward, with his entourage, and they did travel in some style, but he was great friends going back to restaurants. Of course, Edward said he would go to Paris a lot. He had a lot of, let's say, admirers over there. He loved Paris. And he loved Maxim's, I think.
17:51And he loved, was Maxim's? It must have been going, I think, Maxim's then. It must have been. And, of course, he loved Escoffia. Escoffia was always naming dishes after him. Or Queen Alexandra, his wife. There were many, it was a great cherry dish. It was La Wayne, Alexandra, or whatever it was. But so he loved this food. And, of course, what he ate would become very, you know, It would be breathlessly recorded in the newspapers and the social diaries at the time. So he could make things, I would have thought. Because if you think, in those days, monarchy, it wasn't far removed from... Victoria was the last of the great empresses.
18:33But Edward VII, still, he was a mixture of... He was just everything. He was a celebrity, he was a royal, he was a rock star. Diplomat. And he was fantastic. This is what I find. There's a brilliant Sarah Bradford biography of him that completely changed my view. Because everyone thought he was a dilettante shaggy. Yeah, and because he wasn't around for long as well. People just assume it was a sort of... He held Europe together. He held, especially all the Kaiser and the... But he was, you know, in terms of eating. But then, of course, you get to George V. Then you have World War I. And, of course, Queen Mary decided there'd be no drinking in the household that caused most of the chefs to throw themselves off the parapets.
19:13and you only had to have one course for breakfast, I think, or maybe two at a push, and it was meat only twice a week, and George V used to disappear into study at night, after dinner, after this rather bland, grim dinner, because the royal family had to lead from the front, because you forget there was rationing in World War I too, and he'd lock the door, and you'd hear this sort of, according to his son, the Duke of Windsor, you'd hear this sort of opening of a cabinet and a sort of clink, and he'd have his glass of port, because he thought it was Lloyd George who made him do it with the temperance movement.
19:46He said, well, I'm not going to do a Welsh accent. And he did it and they were all really annoyed by it, but apart from Queen Mary who took it very seriously. But going back to restaurants, he certainly in Paris had a freedom that he didn't have in London, yet he went to the theatre, Lily Langtree, and he had so many mistresses and admirers and showgirls and the rest of it. When he went to the opera, he had his private dining room behind. Of course, everything would be bought. The same cutlery, the plates, the flowers, the vases, the cut glass. And it would be laid out for an opera dinner of 14 courses.
20:23And it would be sort of lobster and prawns and aspic and chicken salad. And just the lavishness of, you know. It's amazing. And the best of all were the Ascot lunches where a fleet, and this was very early days. So the Daimlers, I think, were, did you have a Daimler? It may have been in Rolls. But they'd all, this fleet would come down from Windsor with all, and it would be special Ascot dining staff, you know. And that would be plover's eggs and asparagus and, you know, soups, cold soups and vichyssoirs and then followed by the cutlets and the fricasseys and then the puddings. and it was eating unlike anything you've seen before.
21:07It was just incredible. But I think if we go back to the great London restaurants, I think that Rules and Wiltons always fight about which is the odd. I think Rules has been in the same site. Yes, it has been because Wiltons moved around a lot. But I like the Wiltons backstory. And so it's 1742. you have uh george wilton who had it was a fishmonger yes and then he had his oyster barrow on hay market because hay market was basically uh an enormous market where people would sell believe it or not hay yeah because piccadilly was i believe the pig of piccadilly is about pigs and they were key pigs so they would need things like hay for livestock all over and it was quite loose i remember flashy disappearing off into yes yeah absolutely very much yes yes royal flashes where he does it yes that's one yeah yeah they were fun enough because his coffee house was getting busted by the police yes exactly yes um and then um i i wrote this this is from wilson's in the late 18th century haymarket was a thriving market that sold hay and straw for local livestock this lively market attracted traders offering a great variety of wares including matches buttons songbirds, which I don't know if that means it's an early type of Autolan or whether they were live songbirds ballads hot eels, sheep strotters and mulled wine I mean this, at this point Haymarket, the London street food scene was incredible, if you read Henry Mayhew, London, the London Poor, which is a classic sort of Victorian thing of a sort of learned type going to sort of, you know, and actually it's actually got some humanity in it as well It talks about the match girls and the button girls and the selling.
22:55But the street food, you know, all the pies and the eel pies and the oysters in the barrel. Oysters, because people think of oysters as quite a bourgeois thing. They were absolutely everywhere. They were cheap as chips and pickled. And they were coming in from Essex and West Mersey. And they were street food. But this was a time of the pickled pig's feet and the oysters and the pies and just all this wonderful. We had a very, very strong street food culture there. like Mayfair back a bit that was a den of iniquity in every single way Ham Yard was a place where the rich would give at Christmas the poor would get their sort of spare ham oh really so I love these things on Boxing Day but back to Wilson so he was an oyster monger yes sorry so yes he was he was the oyster monger and then the they decided the sort of writing was on the wall in terms of where things were going and decided to sort of set up shop and then his son William took over in 1805, which of course also is the year of the Battle of Trafalgar.
23:53We love Nelson, very good. Big fan. And they kept moving around. They kept finding new spots on King Street, but it was all in Mayfield. There's Sorenson James'. That sort of little area. They always found homes there. And then in 1840 was when they got their alcohol licence and that is when it kind of became a bona fide restaurant. And it was bomb. The story of the Hanrose, wasn't it? Yeah. I can't remember quite what it was. It was bombed or something. Well, anything bombed in London is probably not a hypocrisy because everything got bombed. But there is something about Wilton's. I remember as a child, it was one of the, like Mark's Club.
24:31Mark's Club used to go to my grandfather. It was like a different one. I think we were about 11 or 12. And, you know, it was the first taste. That and Claridge's. I mean, we're jumping ahead now of something very different, you know. Yeah. But Wilton's is one of the great, people talk about, oh, there's no British food. Well, you've got Wilton's on the one hand and Royal's in a different way. And you've got St. John on the other, but that's a whole different thing. But Wilton's is, anyone who says, oh, I've never, you know, British food, usually Americans, you know, oh, British food is rubbish.
25:04He's okay, fine, they'll come to Wilton's. Of course, you will find, it's the only place in London where you can get cold consomme, which I love cold, very Victorian, Edwardian tastes. I love savoury jellies. I love oeuf en gelée, which you can get at Maison Francois. My father's a big fan of Scotch woodcock. Oh, they do. Which I don't. I love anchovies, you see. If you see the thing, if anyone who's listening doesn't know what Scotch woodcock is, it is basically scrambled eggs on toast with anchovies. Oh, it's fantastic. I mean, we could go do a whole thing on my favourite course, the savoury.
25:39Is it? Because the Edwardians, it was Ambrose Heath wrote a whole book on savouries. And he calls it that sort of That blessed relief I think it's blessed savoury relief Before the fripperies of pudding And it's that course in between pudding Where you have your Welsh rare bit You have your angels on horseback Cheese souffle It's I'm not sweet tooth So you only really get them At places like St John, Wiltons And the London clubs But the savoury course And the French were appalled by this savoury coming before the, you know, before the cheese, you know, there'd be an extra course. But there's a whole book and some of these ones, and they're basically salty, quite piquant, and they're meant to stimulate the thirst again so you can settle back down into your port or whatever it is.
26:26Maud, come here. Sit down. It's a good go. But it's interesting because we, Brits, also, we did have a sweet tooth. Sugar was a big deal. It was huge and it built many, many fortunes. Yes. You're not really, you know, the family. We're not allowed to talk about that now. But, yes, and, of course, it was obviously a product of slavery. You know, it was all the sugar plantations. But of course, we used sugar beet as well as what Popcorn found in the West Indies. Yeah, Norfolk and so. Well, exactly. Yeah. But it's funny to think that, you know, going back to London restaurants, we assume these restaurants were there forever.
27:01And it just wasn't like that. You either ate on the street or you ate at home. And that was it. Well, Wilton's where it is now wasn't open until the 1980s, but it does look like it's a time portal. It is. And also when they changed the dress code, I used to quite like it because I hate dress code. Either wear a suit, fine. The Ritz, any of the clubs, easy. I like the thing of dressing up for lunch. I love how much, how many coups, how many affairs have been done in those booths. Yeah. Because of course Margaret Thatcher used to love it, Heseltine. It was where the Tories, Nicola Stone still goes there a lot.
27:35It was where... Well, interestingly, the office above is Rishi Sunak's office so there's always a sort of an ex-prime ministerial set of security outside of outside of Wilton's Rishi never struck me as a great trenchant I must say no but I would like to have thought that actually in their lunch break that's where they go that's sort of a nice thinking but it is such a treat still Wilton's and it's so beautiful I used to think it was wonderful because every time I walk in welcome home so i thought gosh it's just me but they said to everyone but it is what i think of rewilton's and that sense of an old english dining experience when i think of that what i actually think of is your um and the much missed uh establishment that your uncle and my godfather had greens greens was and greens was the most intimidating place in the world to dine when you were a teenager because that's when he used to take me to lunch there and you used to sit in a booth his booth yeah at the back because my uncle had that one just by the stairs yeah and he'd sit there and and what your your godfather what had one two down sort of thing or was he next door is you my godfather is your uncle oh was he oh god almighty sorry i thought there's another one so how uncle simon he's he's uh i absolutely and he's the first to admit he doesn't really like food that much he likes so good and he'll always have a glass of sunset it doesn't move much but he would sit and he'd be watching over the whole restaurant he's he's like jeremy king and gavin rankin the old school proprietor le patron mongey exactly and you know scots are not scots i'm exceptionally excited about simpsons yes really really excited okay so simpsons is actually really great that in terms of restaurants so was what was simpsons was it a sort of an idea of a kind of mass dining experience or was it meant to be a kind of another sort of club I think Simpsons slightly democratised everything in that it was much bigger.
29:30It wasn't a club. And it came about, I mean, Simpsons was like, I can't remember, I should know from PR, 18. I think it was the 1880s. That's what I got in my head. So if you think that coincided with the same time as Mr. Pooter, you know, Diary of a Nobody, George and Weedon, Grossmith, brilliant, endlessly hysterical satire of the new middle class and how they might. And I think Mr. Pooter would have really, you know, would have been a doubt and he would have gone to Simpsons. I don't often make jokes. Oh, yes. My favourite is when he goes to the Lord Mayor's dinner and he's really annoyed that there's one of his sort of neighbours who's, I think, a costum uncle or something.
30:12He's furious. He's listed higher. And they keep spelling his name wrong in the local paper. Mr. Snooter, Mr. Luter, whatever it is. And he keeps writing these furious letters in. But that would have been, I think, you think back to, those days and it would have been expensive but this is the rise of the middle class so it would have been it would have been an opportunity for people who wouldn't who wouldn't have gone into the clubs who wouldn't have gone perhaps to wilton's um or might have gone to wilton's so do you think that people wanted to be in a sort of a nice environment a sort of plush sort of uh upscale environment it's like going to these places is a treat absolutely you know and all those people in their bowler hats coming from the city And you think of those city institutions that started feeding people, sweetings that's been around for a while.
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30:57These were there to feed. It was mainly men they were feeding. And Simpsons originally didn't allow women in the main dining room. Really? There was a ladies room upstairs. And so it was incredibly male, incredibly middle-aged. You know, it was lots of claret because the British always loved claret. We've always had that unique relationship with Bordeaux, Especially when it was They were our only friends at one point Through various marriages and stuff And we didn't pay taxes for example On Bordeaux and all the rest of it Actually Port was another one But Simpsons was I think it was a slightly aspirational I'd say the thing You might find I think they would have all been at the Ritz The Real Toffs or their clubs But I think Simpsons was Like many great London restaurants It took everyone in As long as you were a man Had some money and you know you tipped you tipped your carver and all the rest of it and i'm very excited and uncle simon at greens what he wanted to do was create a club that wasn't a club although it did sort of turn into a club but there'd always be ronnie corbett margaret thatcher yeah he mother um you know but you know and you simon always always dressed in hermese tie and and a well cut suit and you go for lunch with him and you know he would have his goujons but there was haddock Parker Bowles named after my grandfather.
32:17I just love going in to have a dozen natives. Sausage and mash. Sausage and mash. That was always the thing that I had because it was the only thing I was sort of confident enough to eat. It was. It was. But it was a club within a club. And still to this day, I'm reading these fantastic thrillers at the moment. But I can't remember. It's about Mossad. It's a guy called Gabriel Alon. And he's a sort of picture restorer. Daniel Silver is a writer. And a brilliant thriller. and anyway the art restorer who's also in the pay of Mossad has a has a uh an art because you know it's the middle of the art world has an office office at greens and they spent endless long lunches in greens i kept meaning to say to simon about this sort of this is sort of is a hardcore mossad agents but also picture restores and very elegant but uh yes but that's very much in the tradition of a gentleman's club wasn't it yes it was yes and actually to be honest i love maison francois that's taken its place it has a scene all of its own maison francois when you get a lot of the old people from greens going back there you always see um yeah the art world sort of luminaries of the art world hang this sort of you know davis snowden's and henry windham's and you know i have a brackers that sort of gang um because it's next to southern christie's and stuff yeah but i think but back to wilton's it was wilton's was and still is quite expensive um you couldn't i'd love to go there every day but i'd be number one dead of liver failure gout gout but they do the pudding trolley and they do the roast and you can still get hot gammon and roast gammon and okay so but okay fine so did hotels we're talking about homes you've got your odd standouts like wilton's or rules and things that are old restaurants but ultimately hotels homes were ruining the roost at what point did people decide i'm going to dispense of the sort of clubby probably sort of royal feel of restaurants and create an enterprise that is fully democratic and doesn't have to live up to a specific English, sort of old English standard.
34:14Well, I think the first thing with hotels, and you think of Claridge's, the Savoy, of course, I think Savoy was the first to have running, on the Sweet Bartoms, I think. Everyone had an on the Sweet Bartom, which was a huge thing. Yeah, amazing. Yeah, huge thing. But the whole point of that was that women, You could have lunch with whoever, your mother, your grandmother, your aunt, your mistress. You know, that made it. And also French was seen as, you know, this very elegant. And you had all these great chefs cooking at the Ritz and all these places. And, you know, Claridge is, oh, stop it now.
34:46Sit down. You're being particularly annoyed. Sit down. I'm afraid they say dogs have, terriers have absolutely, no, sit down. Good girl. Naughty girl. Anyway. But it was the democratization. But it wasn't really that democratic. you still had quite a lot of money to go there. What you'd find, pubs were very much a place, you know, to eat for the so-called normal person. The problem with London always was, was that you had the Lion's Corner Houses, of course. Yeah, of course. Very, very important. And you had Wimpy a bit later, okay, but that was different. And you had the pubs. Then you had the other end.
35:19You had the very expensive hotels, which did French food. Soho, the beginnings of an Italian movement, I suppose around about the 40s and 50s. You know, you had that great spaghetti tree, this fantastic book about all these different Italians who came in and did various restaurants. But it was still French for all the roost. Yeah, yeah. But there was no such thing as Michelin stars at this point. Absolutely not. No, no, no, no, no. Were there critics? Were there... There was a rather wonderful critic, and I can't remember for the life of his name, he was Colonel Wilfred so-and-so of the 42nd Bengal Lancers.
35:53and he would go around and write these very... Skinner's horse. Yeah, exactly. And he would write very trenchant reviews of places. And, of course, there was, you know, Viraswami. Yeah. Because the first wave of, you know, immigration from the subcontinent actually came, not just at partition, but before that, you know. And, of course, there was a small Indian community, as there was a small Jewish community, Turkish community in London. you know way way before you think of partition and the rest of it um and of course some of those relics of the raj would bring back their men servants and their you know their man servants um so we also had a slight indian tradition but yes it was french food french food you either ate posh french food clubby english food or it was the pub the lions and presumably that's those interwar years and then after probably i guess rationing finished in the 50s people were like well we've now we there's space to create restaurants as we know them today yes but still you'd have conran i suppose 50s 60s doing bistros and chicken bricks and the king's road started kicking off and you'd have um it wasn't comilario but it was before that that was sort of um those two italian restaurants down in world's end that became very trendy um but there still wasn't it It was still, you know, London was known for being good at the high end and good at the low end, but nothing in the middle.
37:23Yeah. And then I think after rationing, I think people would come in from America and just be a port, even in the hotels, in the best hotels, Brown Windsor Soup. Because the hotels had slightly different rules for rationing. You could go in there and eat slightly better. But still, it was a fairly glum, grim place. I speak to my parents about it. My father, London in the 50s. you know even the club food you weren't expected we had this hangover from the victorians that to to enjoy food to see sensuality in food to see pleasure in something as as base as food was seen as not right now the victorians of course were great hypocrites you know behind closed doors god knows what went on but in public it was all about you know covering up the table legs of you know yeah yeah yeah impropriety exactly and i think there was still that hangover certainly among the majority of the upper middle classes and upper classes that food, you know, it was a foreign thing to enjoy food.
38:20And God forbid you were like the French, you know, they were their sources and they would happily eat it. But and the really enlightened aristocrats would have the French chefs. Yeah. But the most the majority of the sort of work would like would be eating there. It would be roast on a Sunday, Rissoles on a Monday, Shepherd's Park on a Tuesday. day um you know this and and it was my great grandfather was a food writer called p morton shand and he railed and he went to go and live in france he wasn't the greatest father to my grandfather but he's a fantastically outspoken writer beautiful and a great rhyme writer as well and and also he he was a you know a great uh he was betcha was his sort of uh disciple he was a massive fan of modernism you know the bauhaus movement and all the rest of it then of of course, died hating modernism, saying it had gone too far.
39:07And it was all awful. And he started the architectural review. So it was this polymath of the thing. But he moaned about the roast and it was the death of British cuisine because it would just be recycled all week, you know, and just got the same thing every single day. So there was still very much. And rationing, we were on our knees after the war. Rationing finished in 55. Well, one of the things that weren't on rationing was game. Game, of course. So if you had estates, that was fine. Yeah. And if you lived in the country and you had a gun, you had your rabbits. So in the country, you did a lot better.
39:41Fish and chips were never on rationing. Right. And they got us through, I think, a lot of the time. But it was a pretty dreary place to eat. And if you think of Raymond Poskett, who started off with the bad food guy, because he was so appalled at the country house hotels and the regional restaurants with the same brown ones of soup. And then you get a bit. Tell me about him. He was a sort of a pioneer, Raymond Posker He was a man who started the good food guide Right And he would go around the country Studiously with his notebook Jotting down places And it was this revolution At the end of the 50s, beginning of the 60s It was Joyce Molineux at the Carved Angel It was George Perry Smith at Hole in the Wall in Bath It was Francis Coulson at Charro Bay in Cumbria These were people who'd been to France Who'd read Elizabeth David who thought this is not on in the 50s and beginning of the 60s.
40:32We should not be eating like this. And they began a process of which you can see to this day the likes of Simon Hockinson, Alistair Little, Roley Lee, Nico, the Rue brothers. Again, it was all French. Yes, of course, because Le Gavage was one of the big, very important and recently closed. Recently closed, I think Michel Junior just said it wasn't viable, which is very sad. And it was, the food was, I mean, Albert did the gavroche, Michel had the water side. And this was before Marco, before Gordon. These were, and of course it started, Albert started, or was it Michel, as Sir Peter Kaslitz's chef.
41:21So once again, it was still very much the vestiges of all the great chefs still worked for the rich and the aristocracy and he put the money up or some of the money up to start the gavroche but interesting with the gavroche is that despite the fact that it was you know the french arriving making a big impact on the british restaurant food scene etc it was still and certainly where it wasn't up a brook street if you walk past it you wouldn't notice yeah and in a way that for example if you open a restaurant today you want it to make a bit of noise this was almost again in that clubway the chefs even albert was the chefs were behind closed doors in this noisy clanking steaming hell-like atmosphere and of course front of house were the ones you'd open that once those those two sort of um doors had opened and it was all silent and perfect and silvano the greatest maitre d i think of all time apart from jesus is the next generation um hazel's adorno but or jesus we always yeah yeah um from le caprice from le caprice and just you know one of the greats but silvano was one of the great maitre d's in the days you could smoke in restaurants you know if someone picked up a cigarette and the waiter wasn't over to light it within a second if the glass was anything less than full and it'll be smooth but he'd be stamping on the foot of the waiter saying now we know that we go and fill these up yes yes but But they were a fantastic team.
42:50And you think of, I suppose, there were all these things like the White Elephant. And then you had the clubs, of course, didn't you? The sort of 20s, 30s, 40s clubs. But it still was not a restaurant town, London, at all. It wasn't particularly democratic. It wasn't a place where it was good food for all. Then, you know, even the 70s, you know, despite, you know, the swinging 60s and Carnaby Street, I think the quality of food wasn't brilliant. Well, London was, I mean, Britain was pretty poor in the 70s. Absolutely, yeah. And three-day working weeks. And the strikes. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And, you know.
43:25Which, oddly enough, at the same time, Mark Burley opening up places at Harry's Bar and stuff like that, that was, again, the sort of, which I've heard a great story about the Queen Mum going to Harry's Bar at one point, but she was around the back. And then when she was coming out, everyone saw her and everyone just sort of stopped and stood up as she was leaving, which I thought was rather much less. Mark Burley's a figure, because we're now moving into the Mark Burley era, if we talk about the 70s. Annabelle's had far better food than it should have had. My father used to say that it was, I mean, there's obviously that famous chocolate mousse.
43:56But the food, he was such a perfectionist. Right down, watching, whether it was the quality of the butter. He was a proper, I always forget, there's four different stages, gourmet, gourmand, but he was the top. He would disappear off. Obviously, the great restaurants the world like, Especially on the Malfi Coast My two favourite restaurants on earth Los Colio and Adolfo Now they are by no standard Silver service But you'll have the likes of Mark Burley would have been going there Maria Grazi was his favourite actually A bit further down the coast But he transformed clubs But only for the people who could become Members of his club And you still had to wear ties And the rest of it But Mark's Club, going back to the first time, they did a dish there, which was a boiled egg.
44:46And they'd hollow it out. So they'd hollow out a boiled egg, scramble the egg, beautifully, lots of butter, put it back in. So it'd be half scrambled eggs, half caviar. And we weren't allowed to obviously have that because, you know, when we were 12, 13, 14, because even by the standards of, you know, caviar was relatively cheap. It was extortion. Of course, you didn't see the prices if you were the guest. Yes. But for us, you know, with the staff, it was just the most amazing place. And Harry's bar was the same. And these were, because he was such a perfectionist, the food was just incredible.
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46:27The details are in the podcast episode description box. Was there an issue there with anyone who wanted to open up a restaurant at that time they were now competing because before they were competing against you know liver and bacon yeah where so you know if a if a wealthy man or or ariso or whatever was in london in central london may fest and james's want a banker even wanted to go to eat somewhere they could choose a club or they could if they want to do something nicer they could choose a restaurant by this point and the restaurants were like well we're competing against um liver and bacon we're You don't have a problem with that.
47:04Along comes Mark. And suddenly the game, the antis is put up because there was that sort of... Well, the Italian, obviously we've always, we've had Italians since, you know, starting in Soho and moving out from Soho to Chelsea. There's always been Italian, but the Italians, like the Indians, the Chinese, like all the great nations, culinary nations are regularly adapting the food. So if you think of curry houses, for example, they're about as Indian as I am. you know the madras is named after it's just another thing you know they're the indians actually mainly bangladeshi cooks funnily enough who started the curry as would adapt to our taste so they call i mean vindaloo is a going dish with pork vindaloo wine and garlic and it was it's quite spicy you know it's got a lot of vinegar in it and it's got a lot but it's but vindaloo you know it's completely different it's made for our tastes you know the korma the blah the blah these are curries created for the english palate and just as wonderful for it you know i i love a curry as much as I love regional Indian food, but very different things.
48:05But I think with, you know, Mark Burley, it is going to start, you know, when you go to Harry's Bar and eat, you know, the best, whatever it is, truffle risotto or the Carpaccio, sitting in a room which is utterly beautiful with waiters all in white and, you know, drinking your Bellini. And I think that is going to, you know, start filtering through And when I was young in the 80s, my grandma, those were the days, my grandmother used to have a permanent suite in Claridge's because it was so much easier, darling. I didn't do anything. I think my great-grandmother had one as well. So it was very much a family hotel.
48:47We used to go into the dining room to go and have dinner with my grandmother, who was the most wonderful person, very laid back. But we'd have to sort of dress up, and there'd still be a string quartet, and we'd have our spaghetti bolognese underneath the cloche. Yeah, yeah. And the Coca-Cola would always come in those big heavy glasses. But we all grew up in restaurants like La Fontana, Mimo de Ischia. Mimo de Ischia was, Ischia, my parents, my grandparents used to go on holiday, take my aunt and uncle and mother there in the 50s and 60s. And it was this wonderful island next to Capri. And I think, and I haven't been back for years, but Mimo came from there, once tried to get into my mother and aunt's room in the middle of the night.
49:24And my grandfather sort of bopped him with his umbrella. only my grandfather bring an umbrella to to to the south of italy but we all grew up going to ischia for two weeks so we had english food on the one hand and italian southern italian food we knew very very well we thought that was italian food because it was the tomatoes and the fish and and so mimo ischia was this incredible west i think he opened about 72 and he had pictures over the wall of him and Stallone or him and, you know, sort of Tom Jones. And he, Remo's still alive, this fantastic character. He's retired back to Iskian now. Big, bushy chest and a big medallion and silk shirts, black silk shirts, open to the nave.
50:09And all the movie stars and Nisman Nelly and they'd all come in and he'd have huge bowls of, you know, pasta, amazing ribs, funnily enough. And Roger Moore was there every night. Michael Caine was there the whole time. that whole bunch of the, what are they called the German Street orphans? Dougie Haywood, Michael Caine, Terrence Stamp. You know, they were all East End boys, weren't they? Offen at Tramp. Johnny Gold. They were all there. So that was a real sceny place. And you think of La Familia, you think of... La Familia's still around, isn't it? La Familia's still around. I still love La Familia.
50:44The one in Beach and Place with Mara, San Lorenzo. Yeah. So the Italians were very much a scene as well. of the 70s and 80s. It was all... Were the Italians ever... Did they ever do sort of, I mean, for want of a better phrase, luxury restaurants? Were they at the top end or were they always that kind of cosy enclave for people who wanted to just go have something really delicious? They were English-Italian on the whole because you wouldn't... Harry's Bar was probably... The only, yeah, great, yeah, yeah. The very best. But there would always be avocado and prawns on the menu, you know. And La Fontana, there was a huge area, Eby Street, round Pimlico.
51:23And La Fontana was amazing. It was all sort of red velvet in there. And the food was fairly average most of the year until truffle season came in. And then he would make the most amazing, you know, sort of truffle pasta, you know, sort of truffle everything on Carpaccio. It had a very pretty daughter. But it was a real place you'd go and have spaghetti bolognese. Of course, spaghetti bolognese is the most English dish anyway. Northern Italians are always appalled by spaghetti with a ragu sauce, you know, because it doesn't stick on the sauce. it must be tagliatelle it should never be spaghetti but you could get spaghetti bolognese and you could get fish in white sauce so no they were very much English, Frenchy, Italian places there would be a couple of regional specialities to remind the owner of where he came from of course they probably wouldn't eat that at all being Italian so we grew up in Italian restaurants and I think French restaurants were around a lot as well but I always was jealous of my friends who, I didn't eat Indian food until I was 13 and Chinese until I was 13.
52:23Because growing up in Wiltshire, we didn't really have, we didn't go out to restaurants in those days in the country. And if you went to London, you went to either Greens or to an Italian restaurant. Yeah. So, yeah. A lot of the restaurants we've spoken about, there's that sense of indulgence, you know, vast quantities of food, like comfort. But today what's very popular, the way restaurants are being set up is things like tasting menus and stuff like that. Small plates. Yes, well, how do you feel about that? Wow. And also, how do you feel about it, but also why is that a thing? Well, it all started when seven great chefs in about 72, 73, the Trois-Guerr brothers, Ferdinand Point, started something along with Gault Millieu.
53:09They did Le Cuisine Nouvelle, which everyone looks back, it's all about putting a bit of kiwi on a square plate. No, that was the bastardised version by the time it got over to here. What it really was, it was a revolutionary way of cooking. Let's take the butter out of the sauces. Let's make everything fresh, seasonal, light. Let the flavours of the ingredients speak for themselves rather than being battered, well, not literally battered, rather than being, you know, battered in those very heavy base Escoffier sauces, you know, whatever it might be. And there was always reductions in stocks. And this was about purifying it, letting the flavours speak for themselves.
53:42and hugely important for European gastronomy. So out of that, you know, there's legends. And, of course, the Rue brothers came over, and they were still doing quite – they were influenced by Nouveau-Cassin. And then, of course, what happens, all those chefs who work for the likes of Pierre Kaufman or the Rue brothers or Nico, they started – and now we're in the 80s, the thrusting 80s. There's lots of money. imagine the montage with an 80s song and everyone on big bricks with red braces on, snorting drinking in the city that's what it was, champagne all round and having a nice time and that's when those restaurants, Harvey's Marco Pierre White one of the great chefs of all time despite having never been to France he read The Great Chefs of France, he read Roger Verger he read Ferdinand Poir the Trois Gras and he created these dishes that, you know, and under him you had you know gordon and stevie terry and you know all these people who worked did it help that chefs were now becoming sort of sex symbols i mean you think about angeli bourdain as well well this way before but what it was marco and bob carlos clark but marco but marco pia was shot by like bob carlos clark in like a movie star and he was this beautiful sort of completely sort of cadaverous chain-smoking baron-esque figure and this is when the chef came from the dark depths of the kitchen and the chef became and no longer that sort of you know big mustachioed sort of thing was gone big fella and now it was this sort of almost a bit like jeff buckley kind of long hair and just sort of yeah suddenly this was cooking was called everyone wanted to be a chef yeah and yeah and it all exploded and you know marco was kicking people out of the restaurant for ketchup and yeah and you know gordon came out of that and that whole um diaspora diaspora that came out of Harvey's and Nico and the Rue brothers.
55:42And that changed the way London and Britain ate at the top end forever. But equally importantly, so this was still tasting menus. And I'll go into the tyranny of the tasting menu in a second. But this was, you know, this was the top thing. Suddenly London's alive. London's getting great. The food, all these amazing restaurants. Michelin, you know, even though I think the Waterside had three and Gavroche had three. But 87, an amazing thing happened Where there was still the high end And the pubs and the taverns And the rest of it Five restaurants, Kensington Place opened The River Cafe opened I think that Simon Hopkinson Was still at Hilaire But I think he might have gone to Bibendum Just around that point And Alice Little opened in Soho And these were all university educated people Stop it They weren't traditionally It was very much a working class Chefs World was a working class thing You know, it was these were university educated, middle class chefs who thought, why, you know, they looked at the brasseries of France and stuff.
56:43So why can't why can't food be a decent price, be non scary, be in a room buzzing, not sort of very grand. Kelsen Place was iconic, really. It was. Feels like Jeremy King's sort of era as well. It was. Jeremy was a little. It's similar philosophy. Exactly the same philosophy. And Jeremy, of course, at the same time, he with Chris. Actually, no, because that was about 85 actually earlier. So actually, I'm not forgetting Jeremy is crazy. Because Langham's and stuff was a brasserie, was all about. We've forgotten about Langham's at all. Peter Langham, the mad, great, great drunk, of which all the movie stars, because Michael Caine was a partner in that.
57:17So that was actually, I forgot that in talking about the cool restaurants, because that was a brasserie. That wasn't posh food. That was, and it had every movie star in the world coming out. Because presumably word was now, you know, this is a time of broader press reach. and so word was getting out to America, to other nations, that ultimately Lutton was a great place to go. Well, it was. And if you think of when the great Richard Young was a paparazzi and all those photographs he was taking, now, of course, he's the grand old man, not that old, but the grand man of photography. But he was a proper rough and tumble pap.
57:48I mean, he's telling me about the times that he was at Freddie Mercury's parties in Ken Roof Gardens. Golly gosh. And he's seen everything, which I think of Dave Bennett as well and all that lot. But that was, yeah, of course, that was langland's is very important river cafe was hugely important and it started obviously as as you know richard rogers ruthie richard rogers his wife uh got rose gray who'd cooked before and she came in and ruthie learned you know became an incredible cook herself but this started off as a small canteen for you know the richard rogers associates architects on in hammersmith a place where there was nothing you know yeah for the for the beau monde in hammersmith um alice little and Soho but what the point of all of them were doing was unlike Langans which yes there was decent food and it was a browser yes this was taking food very seriously so it was if you're going to do Italian we're going to get the best ingredients in the world.
58:41Rody Lee obviously had trained at Le Pulpo and the Gavroche a bit on Derue so he was French trained. Alice Little was bringing keep it simple you know doing the best you know what Italian the great Italian food is but also influences from all over the world and doing that. And Simon Hopkins is just one of the great French chefs of all time. You know, just incredible. Bibendum, but it was relaxed. You didn't have to wear a suit. You could go in and eat classic French dishes or bourgeois French dishes. Terence Conran, again, another great figure, of course, we've talked about a little bit. But suddenly, 87, London was, you know, you think of 192 coming into the 90s and you think of Conran doing mezzo and quaglinos and the food was never very good at those places, but the spectacle was fantastic.
59:27Then, of course, we came into the era of Heston, the fat duck, which started off as a brasserie, a la carte, then moved, Heston being the genius he was, Ferran Adria at El Bulli, which again was in a finca, but yet you had 55 courses, and they all hate the term now of molecular astronomy, which it was basically postmodern food. You know, what is food? Why do we, what is the plate edible? Is the menu edible? And some of it at the time was really interesting Heston was and is a genius And he understood the sense of fun, of nostalgia And I never mind, I still don't mind now Jockey Petri, his old head chef is back at the duck Now I'm doing great things And Heston's back there But we used to call it, my ex-wife and I The tyranny of the tasting menu You'd go in, it'd be like as cold as a mausolean and you'd sit down and it was like going to a country house hotel in the 80s and 90s you know and the sommelier would appear with a bible that thick of wine that sort of looked down his nose somewhat at you and if you didn't order the latash or or or the cheval blanc you know you'd be it was always you know the second cheapest bottle which they knew full well they put some absolute crap on it and then it'd be here's something from the chef and you know by about course 24 you'd hit the wall all pleasure has gone from eating they explain and still do explain every course so you can't have a conversation and my my ex-wife called them clink clink restaurants because all you'd hear was a sort of clink clink of you know metal on porcelain and a bit of glass and everyone really scared um and it was like it was a bit like that royal hospital road was a bit different i always thought the food at royal hospital people forget that gordon ramsay was an incredibly and is a very very good chef i agree and a very good trainer of chefs you think of angela hartnett one of the great chefs really not her restaurant to put um the royal opera house i've heard it's brilliant it's really good i love angela she's she's not just a lovely person and she's she was I'm not a pioneer or anything, but she was.
1:01:38You wouldn't have, you know, the women that have come out of Gordon's Kitchen, Claire Smith, another fantastic chef. Again, everything in the 2000s suddenly was fine dining, but there'd be no tablecloths. You could wear what you wanted, you know. It was, again, you think of the Lebre, which is Brettie Graham, who trained under another great person, Phil Howard at the Square. That was another legendary industry. Phil Howard was amazing. Amazing chef. Still is an amazing chef. Great-looking guy as well. Oh, and just everyone loved working for him. Gentle. Kind. Highly intelligent. Yeah. And just, and you think, Brett Graham came out of the square.
1:02:16A great friend of mine called Scotty Pickett in Australia who has a lot of restaurants over there. That was a very good training ground for... Now, were the restaurants at this point catering for the fact that actually the new money in London was coming from places like the UAE or, you know, Russia or, you know, London was now, it was no longer an English palate like we were talking about with the curries before we're not talking about English palates anymore for London restaurants if you're talking about people coming in from the UAE and Russia a whole new brand of restaurants a whole new group of restaurants started Novikov places that perhaps Sexy Fish now we haven't even got on to the era of Richard Kering yet and whatever you say about Richard Kering he's a genius and I realised I love the Caprice.
1:03:06That was our restaurant we grew up in. Jeremy and Chris, when he's working together, are the kings. Yes. Quite literally. Yeah. I love Sheiky's. I love, I mean, the Ivy at its peak. And again, we're talking when I was working in Soho in the mid-90s. It was, you know, Caprice, as you know, was more art world, magazine world, royalty, photography, that sort of thing. ivy was theater yes showbiz yeah bit of film and you'd walk down the left-hand side and you'd see lloyd weber on his table you see ed victor and ed victor had tables over the great literary agent he had tables the whole place and it was hierarchy you never want it was all right being on the big table down below the corner one but if you were right at the back that was social siberia you know you wanted those tables it's that story from the ivy when um a girl was raised about the fact that he said everyone has a Charles Finch story.
1:04:03And I say this because I used to work for Charles Finch. I was offered a job by Charles Finch, lost, left my job back and think this is for you, Charles. And then I got there and he said, I didn't have a job. I was like, thanks, I had a bunch. Well, this is even better, I think, because a girl, Charles goes, hi, I'm Charles Finch, I'm a big fan. And he goes, Charles, we've met many times before. And he goes, oh, yes, of course, yes, sorry. I'm just thinking that maybe, you know, I'm an agent and I should be your agent. and he goes, Charles, you are my agent. I mean, again, Adrian, one of the greats, but it was, again, at the Caprice, you wanted the corner table between the two windows of which Princess Diana, Geoffrey Archer.
1:04:46It was nice. David Lindy, Nicholas Coleridge, Geordie Gregg, they would all have that one. And you didn't want to be towards the back unless you were having a fling and wanted to be discreet. But it was a great double bluff. Why would you go to the Caprice if you're having an affair? Well, because you'd say, well, I wouldn't go to the Caprice That'd be idiotic, everyone's there But it was such a scene The Caprice in the 90s And it was open until 12 And Mark Hicks was cooking there And same with Sheiky's That was after-hours theatre crowd Maggie Smith Robert Stevens Coming in So these were places which were about The atmosphere and the service as much as the food And they were incredible Caring was you know scots when it was open it was jeremy king um mark hicks now on mount street now on mount street and it again it was another you know with hicksy doing the food very very beautiful fish and my friend matt hobbs was running the front of house and jeremy was doing and it was a great at that point rich caring bought caprice holdings and actually you know sexy fish and bacchanalia and other places like Amazonica and Amazonica, they're catering for not catering for us.
1:06:00I think they're catering for the Novikov crowd. They're catering for a Novikov crowd and so be it. Without it sort of being as dodgy. There's that crowd. If you want caviar and everything, king crab legs, you know, lavish, expensive, you know, so be it. It's a good market to be appealing to. It's a good market. It's a big enough city. It's a reliable spending market. And you look at the ivy and the ivy grill and how he's spread it across. I have, you know, it is a thing. It is what it is. But I have nothing but respect for how he's completely transformed that mid-market. Because I loved 34. 34 is great.
1:06:32Yeah, yeah, yeah. Superb. It's a great steakhouse. Yes, exactly. I agree. And would be my one of choice, except for maybe Santa Maria del Sur on Queenstown Road. I don't know if you've been to that one. Is that steakhouse? Yeah, the Argentinian one. It's absolutely amazing. I love Cups. I love Cups because I think that's fantastic. And I do like Hawks more. Yeah. But yes, we've got to the 90s, okay? So you've got this explosion of democratic restaurants. You've also got Wagamama coming in, Alan Yao, this amazing figure. He, you know, he's doing noodles. Now, we didn't know much about noodles. Suddenly he's making noodles not scary.
1:07:03Noodles and katsu chicken. And suddenly it's a place you can take the kids and it's cheap. Or nowhere near enough. What was the soupies, the Japanese soups? There was, that was, I mean, that was... Ramen. I'm thinking of ramen. The ramen explosion came a bit later, like 2010, I think, with the tonkotsus and maybe 2010. it was always there. You could always find ramen, you know, in sort of parts of, you know, small Japanese restaurants. But it wasn't a big thing. But that, you know, the 2000s, it was all blowing up and food, Jamie Oliver and suddenly food was cool. And, you know, Two Fat Ladies and food was massive on the tellies and cookbooks.
1:07:43And another person we always forget about, Gary Rhodes, was a really important figure in British gastronomy. I'd like to also throw in Gavin Rankin just because, not only because of, and we can go on for hours without Gavin, but because of his influence, having worked with, he was like the first to work with the Soviet Union, with Caveo Caspia. And then on to Burley. Then on to Burley, and then went back to the same site where Caveo Caspia was to open Bellamy's. Now, Bellamy's is like, Bellamy's, Lepatron Mange's EC word. Yeah. That's very, very, every day. Yeah, every day. And there's something about the Franglais menu, and there's something about how terrifying, terrified and he won't mind me saying this of stefan the wonderful chef yes uh not terrified they have a healthy respect for each other he goes up to the little peephole in the door and he takes off his glasses and looks through and then he goes and stefan runs the kitchen and then the patron runs everything else i think i've been there a hundred times i still never met him i did a piece years ago stefan i love his cooking so i wish i wish they would do a fauna again but it was apparently only me and rody lee with any people ever ate um but i just love it my parents love it because it's quiet my they don't like noisy restaurants and my mother's a great eater out my father's a great eater out and it's sort of like greens was as you always bump into five people you know and it's the only restaurant in the world that queen elizabeth ii ate in more than once yeah and she downstairs and of course gavin for my last book i was trying to forget and gavin's far too discreet he's useless and he's really you know and he can hold his drink as well so you can't you know have a long lunch and try and ask he's incredibly discreet yeah but also he's watching him and luigi are watching all the time and it was a bit like what what jeremy king was the master of of not putting wives next to mistresses next to business right you know what i mean there was a real because and i think jeremy's still jeremy king still looks at all the i mean the park is my favorite at the moment yeah because it's got that american feel but the children love it because they can have everything you can take my dog in at lunch yeah on a wednesday thursday you pretty much know everyone it's very much a west london but not in a sceny wanky way yeah really wonderful the service is you know out of this world um i just and you're treated exactly the same if you're giles coroner adrian gill or david beckham as if you're someone who's just come in and saved up for for three weeks to come that is hugely important really really important He did that very well at the Woolsey.
1:10:10I remember the Woolsey, you know, 20 quid steak and chips. Well, exactly. And I've never been back to the Woolsey since he's left. It kills me because out of loyalty, you just don't do it. No, I agree. It might be fine, I'm sure. But the Woolsey was the cafe. One of my favourite things that he did at the Woolsey was the napkin. If you were wearing a navy blue suit, you would be brought a black napkin because a white napkin, if it went to a navy blue suit, would just leave lots of white lint on your suit. Isn't that so good? Have you heard at Simpsons that he's got the napkins all have a little hole in it so you can attach it?
1:10:45I'm not sure how that would work. Do you unbutton it? Well, it wouldn't. You wouldn't unbutton it. Where do you put your napkin on your collar? People always ask that. I follow Gavin. Gavin does it into the side. Yes, in a full. It's quite a statement wearing that. Dave Carr, the late, great Dave Carr, an art dealer who was a great trencherman. and um he used to just put it you know put it and spread it which is of course yeah i mean if i am a suit you don't want a white shirt covered in in stuff especially if yeah so i do i like just tucking it in using your hands and getting tucked in it's a so i guess to round the sort of things up obviously people talk often about how difficult it is to have a restaurant these days uh so how do you see the landscape um who do you think is doing it best and what do you think is the sort of rubric one should follow to you look at the restaurants it's incredibly hard everyone still imagines hospitality oh they own a restaurant they make a fortune they'd why they get pissed all day wine and dine it's a life of the restaurateur you know like and perhaps there was some truth that perhaps in the 70s maybe you know but government over the last 25 years have been absolutely useless the one thing they could do is cut that by 10 you know cut it to 10 if They got rid of that.
1:11:58Of course, this government, anti-pleasure. I mean, the last government were useless as well. Well, it was Rishi's fault. He put in the VAT on purchases and stuff. But then it suddenly, you know, just shit show. It came before. But it's tough. But it still shows that if you are successful and a good restaurateur, you can still pack it out. And it's incredibly hard work. I'm going for lunch at Bouchon Racine. Racine is Henry Harris's place. that used to be in Knightsbridge, the rates went too high, he went back to cooking at various places. You can't get a table there for 10 years. You know, love or money.
1:12:35The other great restaurateur who's come in the last five years is Martin, and he'll kill me for not getting... Martin, because I always pronounce his name wrong. Actually, even on Instagram, he's called Martin, can't pronounce his name. He used to run Soho House. London still is. Yeah. In the top five cities in the world, he had the most Michelin stars. So you have three of them are in Japan. you've got Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto. Yeah. And then you've got Paris and London. So London is still where people want to go to open up great restaurants. And Michelin are panicking slightly now and sort of doing tele programs to sort of try and keep their relevance because for a long time they would never dream of giving a Japanese, fine, a Chinese restaurant, a star, an Indian restaurant, a star.
1:13:19And you're going back to places like, you know, I think JKS were a fantastic restaurant. They do Jim Karner, Brigadiers. Trishner. Trishner. That's great. Trishner is terrific. Brilliant. And Jim Karner is consistent. It's got two stars now, but don't let that put you off. It is still one of the best restaurants. And it's ramped. You cannot get there for months. And is there a new one, the Ambassadors? Ambassadors Club. Is that part of the same group? They used to have bao that they've sold off. They have a stake in Legado in Nieves, Maragans restaurants. But Martin, and I'm just reading this one to me, But it's Martin Kuzmaski, who used to work at Sewer House.
1:13:56And he's opened the Dover and then the Dover counter. The Dover is the sexiest restaurant I've been to for years. Really? It looks like being in a cigar box. He has a sound system that's probably worth more than the building, only playing vinyl, sort of rare grooves. The lighting is beautifully done, like Jeremy King. Like all great restaurants, understand lighting is as important as food, as service, and it's sexy. and the cocktails are immaculate. So when you have a martini, just like at Ben Willman's Bar in the Carlisle in New York, they bring it and there's always enough for another half. They put it in an ice bucket by the side.
1:14:31It's though, if you're having a martini and you're too busy gossiping, they will pour every, after five minutes, once your freezing glass has got warm, they get another freezing glass out. It's details like that. And he just opened the Dovan counter, which is next door, much more laid back. I described it as sort of basically upmarket room service food. It's burgers. It's salads And it's this atmosphere And it shows There is a demand If you get it right But the middle market is suffering massively You can't get away with mediocrity now Eating out is expensive So people have to realise Restaurateurs, which they do There are a lot of people There's a certain part of London Who don't look at bills The rich are very rich in London but the vast majority of people watching the pennies and eating out is very very expensive so you're looking for value yeah um and therefore the set menu the 25 quid set menu uh wherever it may be racine or you know that and and a glass of house white that's you've got to treat your punters with respect i think that's what all the great restaurateurs know is that look after all of your customers don't just look after the the famous ones who expect a freebie or the you know It's about looking after the people who come time after time after time.
1:15:50They pay the service charge. They pay the rates. You know, this is what keeps London. London is one of the most expensive cities in the world. There's no doubt about that. I think New York's a bit more expensive, actually, weirdly, at the moment. It's more expensive than Tokyo. Paris is quite expensive. But it is extortionally expensive to get around, to buy, to do anything. You know, you go to the West End and it's, you know, go and buy a book and have a bit of lunch. It's 100 quid. Yeah, yeah. And you're not even having a drink. That's why I said it was a hardback, by the way. rather than paperback.
1:16:19But yes, so I think that the great restaurants understand that the most important person of all, obviously, is the customer. You look after the customer. You don't take the piss. You serve good food at a decent price in a restaurant that you want to linger in because, of course, atmosphere is everything. Well, look, I've really enjoyed this. So I suggest maybe we do part two at some point down the line and talk about all those other places, you know, because ultimately everybody loves a tip. Well, they do. And all those cheap places. I mean, Taiwan and Hammersmith. And you can go to Southall and you can go to New Morden and you can go to...
1:16:49That's when London gets... It's a completely different thing. We're talking about London as London, but when you get into London as 100 different nationalities, cultures coming together, that's what makes me very proud to be a Londoner too. Immigration, fantastic. It's what makes London this amazing eating city. And it's not all about the top end. It's about everything. It's a great place to eat. I remain Tom Chamberlain, and this has been The Luxury Dispatch, the podcast that explores the people, places and passions that shape the world of luxury. My thanks to Tom Parker Bowles for guiding us through the extraordinary variety and energy of London's dining scene and for reminding us that some of life's greatest pleasures are still found around the table.
1:17:30If you've enjoyed today's episode, please do like, subscribe and leave a comment. We read every one. Tell us your favourite London restaurants, the dishes you keep going back to or the worlds of luxury you would like us to explore next. thank you for listening and happy dressing and dining
1:18:12Thank you.
1:18:42Thank you.
From the publisher
What is British food, really? Is it actually British? And how did London become one of the greatest dining cities in the world?
In this episode of The Luxury Dispatch, Tom Chamberlin sits down with food writer and critic Tom Parker Bowles to explore the extraordinary evolution of London’s culinary scene.
From oyster carts and street food in the markets of the Haymarket to the grand dining rooms of the aristocracy, London’s food story is one of constant reinvention. What began as a city divided between lavish private dining and humble street fare has transformed into a global crossroads of flavour - where cultures, techniques, and traditions collide.
The two Toms trace the journey from chefs arriving after the French Revolution to the rise of iconic institutions like Wiltons, and the impact of hotels like The Savoy and Claridge’s in shaping modern dining.
Along the way, they uncover:
How Royalty and aristocracy shaped what Britain eats
Why French cuisine dominated London for centuries
The rise of restaurants beyond private homes and clubs
The cultural mix that defines London food today
Why British cuisine has been misunderstood for so long
This is a story of empire, migration, class, and taste - and how London went from a city of taverns and chop houses to one of the most exciting food capitals in the world.
Download SAILY in your app store and use our code DISPATCH at checkout to get an exclusive 15% off your first purchase! For further details go to https://saily.com/dispatch
Music by Alex Mendham & His Orchestra
https://www.alexmendham.com/
The Luxury Dispatch is produced by Platform Media in partnership with The Rake
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