Why Mumbai's Traffic Will Never End: Floods, Potholes & Metro Reality | Ms Ashwini Bhide | FO532 Raj Shamani

35:23. , This is the master plan, then the detail project report is made. So, the corridor that is most important in the city, the traffic condition is made from it, or the cost-benefit ratio is very positive, this is identified and it is phasing. Like Metro Line 1, it's just a 11-km long corridor, but that saves the distance in terms of time, so that is one of the most efficient corridors and the cost is relatively low so it was taken first phase 2 was the second corridor and the third corridor so experts do phasing then state government decides and then one project goes to India so in 2004 in 2004 first master plan Mumbai city should be first time approval now you can go ahead and do it 2004 the first corridor roughly 2007 but for that 2-3 years 3 years 3 years because that time metro act was for the rest of the country was not in existence it was limited to Calcutta and Delhi because the first metro was made in Calcutta and then Delhi.

36:51But Mumbai was... Metro was built in the tram? No, it was built in the Calcutta. In 1984, the first metro was built in Calcutta. In 1984, it was going to go up. Tram was in Mumbai. It was at grade. It was in Calcutta. But in Mumbai, when 2004 was in 2004, the metro act was just limited. So, Mumbai was not for it. So, the first metro was built under the Tramways Act. bana, Mumbai 2004, but after that the second corridor was a time and the third corridor was a time so in 2011 then line 3 because the second corridor line 2 was a PPP in 2008 but bid was awarded concession agreement but the bidder couldn't do that project so that was dropped then line 3

38:09So, in a way, that was the first project which was done under Metro Act in a proper way. and that line 3 went up and then the other corridors of the day it was DPR and that also MMRDN started doing it on its own bumbutas. Do you think it's too slow? Yes, it is too slow but the reason is project in a live city and the alignment final is also time and unless you because these are I use word that but it's so capital intensive projects that until you don't have alignment, station locations, you don't have planning, until you do a project is very difficult. That's why it takes time. But if you look at Mumbai, it's time for the beginning.

39:03It's not until 2007-2012. But after that, the rest of the projects are taken together. Now all of them are under construction, and maybe in the next 3-4 years. These projects which are under construction will get completed. They will get connected to each other because construction time is also very much. So yes, they are slow, but one must understand they are going to be there for next 100-200 years. So today we spend 10-12 years on it. So today it feels more time. But if you look at the life cycle of the project, it becomes very small. Fair, fair. and so first time I was reading that in 1960s there was an engineer named PG Partonkar he had the first time he had to give Mumbai underground metro at that time it was 4 crore per kilometer and India said no Mumbai said no do you think we would have been in a better situation yeah this is in hindsight If it happens, it will be very good.

40:13But it was probably 4 crore per kilometer also very much in that time. 1960s. 1961's planning document is a small chapter. And this was talked about. Sir Vishweshwaraya made a plan for Mumbai. 2000, I think it was quite early. 21 that is there in the BMC's archives. So in that plan in Mumbai there was a underground railway there was no concept so this was the plan and the metro line the corridor part of it was always there in our planning documents but if you think about it Mumbai was always blessed with a very robust public transport system unlike other cities Delhi when there was no metro until they had no public transport system Delhi's bus system was very very scattered and reliable but Mumbai which British period which the railway system was always reliable transport so this is why people don't think importance because we have a robust transport system and that time 85 % of Mumbai's daily trips were happening on public transport system If you have such a good public transport system, then you have such a new money to make another need.

41:42It's not a need for another. Some people were always visionary, like Mr. Partonker, who had thought of it. But naturally, the then administration would have so many other requirements. Meaning, the money is the rest of the facilities for many facilities. to pay for the service. So, the service has already available in reasonable capacity, that will not understand that. But when the time came, there is no option. Then people started working. What do you think? If you think a hypothetical situation, because you have a lot of data and intel about Mumbai, which is something that maybe we need to be very important for 50, 60, 100 years but today it is very expensive so we don't give attention to that something like imagine this is your partner moment from the climate change perspective and the energy conservation perspective maybe we need to be very careful on green energy because we say net zero carbon footprint we will achieve 2050 but that's why we have drastic things to do means that our electricity grid also decarbonization should be on a green energy so green energy which is still today we are discussing about it but we don't want to disturb this system because cities are a living engine and cities suddenly do something.

43:27But those are the things. But one thing is, today we have reached this level. Our resourcefulness as a country, as a state has been so big that now we don't get scared to take big decisions. For example, maybe 10 years back doing a complete coastal road up to usai virar you are doing huge underground network we can't think of it 2014-2015 when we started underground metro everybody was scared that if tunnel boring machine Mumbai like in the city where there are so high rise buildings dilapidated buildings that will go down that will collapse life will be disturbed have got up a I'll complete it.

44:21I'll complete it. I'll complete it. I'll complete it. The city has confidence. The machinery works. The owners have confidence. The equity partners. The government has confidence. What do you think of Mumbai? Today we will build a whole underground tunnel network. We are thinking about it. My pattern of movement is not going to be because this is all the thoughts are happening. What is happening now? But now, our Chief Minister Sir or Deputy Chief Minister Sir, political leadership and administrative leadership, they are now not scared of taking these futuristic decisions today. And it started working on that.

45:08It will take a little time and it will take 4-5 years to get the actual idea in reality. but there are very innovative and futuristic ideas What do you mean by tunnel? In Mumbai, there are tunnel systems in Mumbai? Road tunnels I'm talking about road tunnels like in coastal roads the first time it was from TBM tunnel boring machine road tunnel which was from south coastal roads when I was in MMRD then we had to go to eastern freeway Eastern freeway is an elevated road South Mumbai direct eastern route port VPT I wouldn't know it's a very good connectivity which was completed in 2013-14 13 only okay so we have 3-4 years of work and people know not this road has become almost 17 kilometers which is South Mumbai to Port Trust to the area to Panjharpur to Chambur to go to Chambur and it is elevated and there is a small tunnel.

46:17BRC below the hillock, it goes down to 500 meters. We have made it by conventional method. That was the first urban tunnel, I would say, in Maharashtra. And there were all the tunnels, they were removed from that tunnel, from manual excavation and control blasting. We made that tunnel. That was the first tunnel. After that, the second tunnel was when I made South Coastal Road, which was from Bandra and Marine Drive. So, below that, the tunnel was 2 km. which was made by tunnel boring machine. Now, the confidence was so boosted. Then, by that time, we made a tunnel under the metro's 55 km. to make a tunnel under so after that Gorigao Moulin Link Road project BMC made 4-5 km long road tunnel it was more big diameter it started to be then MMRDA boreville tunnel project it was more big tunnel boring machine which started to be then the third tunnel we had to take Orange Gate Coastal Road Okay.

48:02road में आपने देखा होगा, Hajji Ali का interchange है, या Nepinasi road पे interchange है, वरली पे interchange है, थोड़ी complex system होगे है उसको करने भे भी traffic को maneuver करके, बट वो करने के बाद government को समझा किया रही है, यह तो underground tunneling is one of the best ways of traffic dispersal, तो अभी government क्या कर रही है, BMC नमे मार रही है, they are studying the possibilities of having more underground road tunnels which could actually have an taken efficient alignment अब बोरिवली और ठाने में road से जाने में कितना time लगता है बट tunnel से तो हम एक straight line करके आप 5 km में पहुच सकते हों तो इस तरह से और Mumbai में कौन से areas हैं जहां पे आप सीधा जा सकते हो अगर मुझे juhu pahunçna hai kaha se ab mein ek road leke aise to usse aachha ghar mein tunnel karte ho صرف yah karte sa meh mein dekhna padega ki tunnel machine ko launch karne ke liye jaga chahe usko retrieve karne ke liye jaga chahe aur uske baad jab road usse traffic bahar aega to usko disporse honne ke jaga chahe ab there are consultants appointed and who are studying this to humare chief minister saab usko patal loog bolte hai to whether is tarho ka patal loog hum mumbay me create kar saktay hai kiya that we are currently examining so these are the futuristic projects which government is thinking and this confidence has come because we could do this earlier project, like step by step we are going forward then we have confidence that we will start thinking forward so you said one 55 kilometer tunnel, the aqua line, explain me that, I will show you tell me, let's talk about it because that is India, it's one of the most complex systems present right now, right?

49:55And how it's built in a living city like Mumbai that itself is something commandable because when you're building a city and you're planning a lot better, then it's very easy to build in a city where you can add a road block by a minute in traffic in the area of the area, it is fairly very complex. So let's talk about that. This is from the line from the parade to the RA Depot. This corridor is 33.5 km long. This is the whole corridor. The distance from there is there. Every 1 km there is a station. It will be a little less. But if the average will be applied. But how will it be decided that it will be here?

50:40That is the alignment study. So, this was our master plan. We had two corridors. Then, it was another study. The first corridor was just from Bandra. Then, we had to give the airport connection to the airport. And the airport was not elevated because there was a restriction. So, we have to go underground. The idea was that Bandra will take us to the other side. Now, we will take us to the other side. because the TBM will go out and the railway will go inside and space. So, the space is available here. So, they are here to go. So, I think this corridor has been made quite a lot. Which areas are where the public transport needs to be required, where the suburban rail is not reached.

51:28So, it's all ridership, where the corridor is taken, where the land is available, level and demand also needs to be in this area there are all industrial areas like SEAVS Marole MIDC then there are three stations in the airport in the area and in the airport there is a big offset development which will be in the airport which will be in the upper so all of them catering to public transport they need to think about this study it is called feasibility study alignment finalization study it is it will be then where where are they given? Where are people from today? There are many different ways. There are many World Trade Center.

52:14There are many people in Vidhan Bhavan. Because there are state of power, Mantrali, New Administrative Building. There are other things. The RBI headquarters will be there. So, this is why we have to give it. The Fort area is the Fort area. Where everything is. Our High Court is. Stock Exchange is. There are other things. Churchgate is also there. Mantra Ali connectivity Girgava Kalba Devi Granitrode Sara Javeri Bazar and this is all commercial areas Jaganach Shankar Shankar then Mahalakshmi Metro because we connect with Western Railway this area is all here is full development if you look at it the metro has boosted that and there is connectivity in Worley there was no station in the suburban railway so in this area Siddhi Vinay and Siddhi Vinay and Siddhi Vinay there so well there's the single entrance station admir we reach RI its all the two existing station lets they connect this way this was made in endlich Kurela The Road The razón people who are asking absolutely he has that the metro had need to be done.

53:32And it's also a cross in the other way. So, this is why it's an alignment. Now, we have two tunnels to build up and down. Now, one tunnel-waring machine can't go there because it's its capacity. And it takes how much time because every day you can drill just 8 to 10 meters, not more than that because there is hard rock. This is a whole strata built by basalt rock. It is a little bit of a brushy and a tough one. What are these? These are hard rock types. There are hard rock types. There are a lot of difference in degree. When you do tunneling in hard rock, you can't do this much more than 8-10 meters.

54:20How many advanced machines are? The machine is advanced, but with advanced machines, it will not break down, it will increase, it will increase. In fact, machine, conciliening that's also on your geological strata if you have soil strata then the tunneling is a little faster for that but in hard rock you have time which is the main tunnels which will be track and metro which will be TBM so we don't become TBM so we can put where we can put this tunnel mooring machine in the tunnel which we can down it is the launching shaft where the machine launches and where it is retrieved that is retrieval shaft so you need to go to that another we cannot give such a big project so we have packages now we have made 7 packages and we have made 4-5 km package in which 4-5 stations so that is the responsibility of that contractor 5 km 2 tunnels and 4-5 stations underground station now they should do it they should package it that they can put the machine and remove it one contractor can take two packages that was our strategy tendering strategy why was that?

55:46because if one has taken it and it hasn't done work then it will be problem but if some contractors are capable they can get the opportunity to take at least two packages but it doesn't have to take it okay because we can't keep all your eggs in the one basket but if someone is very good someone who is Maybe, your experience will come to this one ,prechend.

56:18Every business tries to conserve paper. So, we have to save money. So, we have to think about it. Now, there are 7 packages. There are 5 contractors. Because there are 2 people with 2 packages. So, we need to put everything in the machine and remove it. In the beginning, we can remove it. We can remove it. So, we have to think about it. We have to think about it. We have to think about it. And then, we have to work with our consultants. We have to think about it. that this corridor for less than 17 tunnel boring machines. We need to have 5 years of time to complete the project because the tunneling would take at least 2-3 years.

57:01It will be 10 meters. So, if we need to complete the tunneling then we need to have 17 tunnel boring machines. And we need to have this 17 tunnel boring machines and we need to go inside and go outside and go out. So, we need to have this planning. where from tunneling machine there are multiple companies in the world which are made in India in India it was not it was not it was a German company Robbins a company Canadian Terratech a company Chinese companies all people make machine manufacturing generally in China because it is cost-wise and then it is by ship so machine manufacturing design after 1 year which is manufactured and after shipping then machine 90 meters and other parts there are very few parts there are shields there are back entries all the machines after transport and launch and launch and launch today it was very normal because we have so tunneling in India we are doing that now we have no excitement frankly speaking but it was and we have 17 machines to do it now we have a hair and connect company in India in Chennai we have our manufacturing facility and that is where we have been if we have two machines in one package then one should be new and one can be refurbished machine if you have another machine that is the same one can be refurbished It is very close to the new machine only But if you use a machine What do you use for the other project?

58:52Now the metro tunneling is standardized In all areas of India So the other machine will use it It will be refurbished How much lower goes from the ground Then the tunnel starts? Our line 3 If you look at the average depth It is 22 meters to be a space. 22 meter deep and then tunnel. And then, 22 meter is the tunnel which is the center point which is the 22 meter. So, 22 meter in some places 30 meter depending on some places 20 meter but if the average is the 22 meter and there is no risk that just like worldly is the only high rises buildings. No, it's not it's not that I know if it's 17 machine in the beginning we launch We have identified some place that there will be launching shaft.

59:44Then the machine will lower the machine from launching shaft. The whole machine is not going inside. The length of the machine and the diameter of the machine is lower. So, the machine goes into half a part. It starts to drill and the rest of the work is on the top. So, the conduits of the conduits are going to the top. The wear ventilation and the rest of the equipment is going to be on the top. So as the machine goes inside and it has reached a 100 meter length, it goes down and down and down and down. All entries are fixed. So the initial drive is started and then the main drive is started.

1:00:22So we have made a whole tunnel from 17 machines. When I say 55 kilometers, that is the length of both the tunnels. Normally 33 is, so it should be 66. But why did 55 happen? Because it was in the beach in the station. And as the tunneling started, it was less than the station. of work. Until we were down, the excavation of the station was completed. So, the excavation of the station is in manual mode. You put excavators and piling on four sides, then you start to excavate slowly and it is secure to the ground. You can put ground anchors or struts or go down. By the time, if this machine is driving here and here is the station complete हो गया है तो फिर मुझे उतने 250 meter की length होती है tunnel की उतना मुझे tunneling नहीं करना पड़ता है तो machine को drag करते है और drag करके फिर आगे फिर से वो यह शुरू हो जाता है तो हर एका अलग -अलग method था तो इससे हमने tunneling complete किया अब जो new austrian technology आपने I have mentioned a tunneling method which is used in machine.

1:01:31Now, let us understand that there were two tunnels. Some tunnels were down the road, there was no problem. Some tunnels were down the building. You have two tunnels. There is also a distance between two tunnels. At least one D. So, if you keep the distance, the tunnel is down the building. normal track tunnel building from the building to the building to the building is not the way to the building but the station is made if for example it is a station there is a road width just 10 meters now you can cut it there are two tunnels down to the building and that station will cut it where the road width is full because the station width is 25 meters where the road width is 40 meters or 30 meters there is no you cut it out.

1:02:26But when it's 10 meters, how do you make a station? What do you do? Then you make a small cut cut. Then you go down to vertical excavation. Then you reach a level. The distance is 22 meters. Then you reach horizontal tunneling. The horizontal tunnel, which is the TBM. has built a tunnel. It's going to get it. How does a horizontal tunnel make it? You can use a small machine to use a different way. You can use excavators. Then you can use control blasting. And you can use some different molds. You can use a horizontal tunnel. It's called a new Austrian tunneling method. The area station is on the ground.

1:03:17The last station. Which we call at grade.

1:03:47Okay. these stations are not many places in the road to make cut and cover so we have to make these stations and this is also there are no cut and cover and NATM stations that we have made here because of the concession and those structures keep safe so these structures are very important like the station why do we make these stations because it has two parts do not have to do the reason. The reason is that the metro is going up. Elevated metro. So, it is below this station. We can't do the whole excavation. So, we have two boxes built in the station. We have excavated and the two boxes to NATM to connect.

1:04:33In the old buildings, there are many old buildings. It is good to see. But it is not in good conditions. And in the back of the building, there is a tower. So, Santa Cruz station partly NETM Santa Cruz we have a bridge there is a big flyover so that flyover safety was required so we have to take care of the safety of the structure above ground and these structures heritage building old dilapidated building high rise building or public infrastructure which is important like Miti river के नीचे से आए या coastal road करते समय हम Malbar Hill का जो बड़ा tank है उसके नीचे से आए तो यह सब करते समय हमें उसकी safety का देहन देना पड़ता है What is biggest challenge अगर एक एक आप पकड़ो underground metro जो aqua line जैसे बनाई इसका सबसे बड़ा challenge क्या होता है और जो fly over metro which is elevated metro.

1:05:39What is the challenge? They both will have a different challenge. They will have different challenges but underground metro in all the challenges is safety because the structure of the above is safe and safety procedures will have to be perfectly intact. We can't afford a little bit of a breach. That's why it's a challenge. And secondly, even getting space to launch the TBM retrieve the TBMs, build the stations and some metro will go to the city because there is a deep congestion if you have to decongest it then you will go to the congested area and you will go to the congested area then you will have to display some people's land the requirement is 4-5-5 years of work so the public convenience is a compromise so the communication challenge perception challenge is a big deal Secondly, this project is more than the the intervention in the city is very deeper.

1:06:47It is very intense. And the intensity will 4-5 years you need to get rid of people. So, the communication is a challenging thing. People should also feel the trust that no, it is not I love too much ہو, I'm haling in iticaan business. services, electricity, water, sewage, gas, these utilities, all these roads go down. Because there is no other place. So, about 27 to 30, there are so many different services in roads. And they are generally in the first 3 to 5 meters. Some of the old water lines or water lines are below it. Sometimes they come as a surprise. And we do a lot of utility investigations before.

1:08:00But then, because you can't dig the road and find the utilities. How do you find the utilities? Telecom company has its own data. And the rest of the civic utilities have the chambers of it. So, the design of the chambers is seen as a way of where the utility is. So, it's a study. But when we start digging and start digging, there are some surprises. and secondly managing these utilities without disturbing if I have a square dig and it's under the utility then how do I do it? I have to shift the utility in that area and shift the utility to the other area and then I can shift the utility to the other side and shift the utility to the other side because cables are flexible but there are big water mains or sewer lines or gas pipelines they can shift the air easy to hang.

1:08:50So, you can hang to hang. You can keep it and keep it a steel bridge. You can make it and you can hang. And then, you can hang down the excavator and you can excavation. And then, you can go down the station and then you can bury. So, these are extreme challenges seen in underground metro. Elevator

1:09:38For action...

1:09:49it's just the station area where you have a little bit of trouble. You can go up on the elevator and go up on the building, then you can go up on the road. So these are all the problems. So these challenges are made by the systemically. And it's been a bit like this because it's a multi-year. And when it's so many years, there are political parties and changes. because there's some political pressure or something no location change can't be the station demand is a little bit but in metro it's not easy to the station location change can't be especially underground it's not possible elevated there's a lot of somewhere there's a lot of narrow road there's a side there's a lot of or entry exit and there's a lot of building in the whole of the people request

1:11:00So point is also that India is so complex and diverse. One political party has changed. So for the other political party, any votes of any area can be very important. It's a hard truth. No matter how much we deny it, any area of any political party is important. So if you think about the entire Mumbai, if you think about 50 areas, in 50 stations, in 49, they will be like, that no matter what we need to do, it's better for Mumbai. But one probably, they'll be little half. soft corner that my vote bank is people do that does that not happen no no it happens it at times delays the project also but we have to understand because this change is not possible what happens in the road on the surface you can do a little bit width and less but you can't do it so we have to understand sometimes it takes time to convince people and it dawns upon them much later that no you can't do anything so that's why some times project delay they are stuck but if it is technologically or efficiency if it is not option then you have to keep it you have to understand you can't suddenly change the route do they listen they listen over a period of time they understand but patience we have to keep and keep it but lag because finally in metros operational efficiency is very important today people don't understand because operational efficiency today we are in suburban one day the train is late so people are bad because that one second delay also the system cannot tolerate same thing will happen slowly start happening in metro and if the metro operation is beginning in the last two years, it is not possible to keep it with operational efficiency alignment.

1:13:09This is our main part of the project proponent. That will not be understood by the political parties. That will not be understood by the residents living there. But we understand. So, this is why we try to understand that this could not be possible. We keep our patience in order to keep it. It comes slowly to understand. There are levels of decision. There are no levels of decision. There are discussions on that level. There are meetings and discussions on higher levels. Finally, the problem is resolved. The Indian society is necessary to argument. But there are problems of decision. There is a question every time when you talk about the metro.

1:13:55One of the rich cities in the country. right so this is what we have here Mumbai in 101 km total metro Delhi in 400 km so why are we Delhi from Mumbai Delhi from Delhi from Delhi from Delhi Delhi from Delhi from Mumbai already public railway public transport backbone which is suburban railway system and Delhi Delhi में तो public transport पे travel करने वाला number बहुत ही कम था, मतलब 5-10 % भी नहीं होगा, जबकि मुमबई में 85 % trips were happening on public transport network, तो naturally Mumbai was so efficiently running already, तो metro system के जरुरत शुरू में महसूस नहीं हुई, वो देर में आई और दूसरा है कि Delhi अगर आप Delhi का structure देखे, it's a radially developed city, city okay it's a area and it's a area and it's a area from all areas from all areas Mumbai is a linear city Mumbai if you look at the shape it's a peninsular city it's a three side from the ocean and the Caribbean Sea and the ocean which is expanding to the north side and the east side which is expanding so Mumbai which is a big area especially the financial district is so narrow that it's very So, there is no such and local links that users go with special directions.

1:15:30There already a central line, railroad, western line is in advance and then on the border forward they already have divided the area East and West. Sara Olding has extra too many changes forplain looking at this area during that region he can tanto. not. So, when the system was saturated and Mumbai started growing beyond the influence area of these lines, because these lines are from 1500 years, the economic district and financial activity is gravitated towards these lines. So, whatever the employment centers are, it is the same station. But when it was saturated, what do you think of the So picked up an Addis Alex's base decree, the location of Morrow when there was a later zone.

1:16:30In one place, though, mill lands could have begun, people could have begun. So the eggs will be surged from this person either. You can't even grandmother. Then this area. So now myAME地方 is very into place. So all these are stored as well, which is large just Muquillos PHP Module. سے باہر تھے اور وہاں جانے کے لیے آپ کو station پہ اترنے کے بعد bus لینا ہے auto لینا ہے taxi لینا ہے تو اسے the need for connecting these new areas by equally robust and efficient rail based network was felt much later after 2000 i would say اسی لیے وہ ڈیلی سے ہمیں بنانا اور دوسرا کیا تھا ڈیلی in the beginning of the year, the reason is that there is a lot of space.

1:17:18New Delhi is a very planned city. Old Delhi is still there, but in the beginning of New Delhi is still there, then you can go to Old Delhi. So, the planning was much easier, construction was much easier. Delhi is a soil strata, so the tunneling was much easier. There were no many NATM stations. There were no work of working relatively easy. The moment of working of work was so difficult. So nobody thought that we should do this. And because it's a city made of seven islands, which is reclaimed land, so underground going to South Mumbai was not possible. And underground going to the beginning, there are many doubts.

1:18:01Now, as we started working and it was very safe, then the doubts were going. But these were the reasons, I guess, which is why Mumbai has been late embarking on it. Got it. And now I'll talk about something which is sort of funny also. But I don't know why it makes sense. That Mumbai Metro is operating by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation. Why? Because Delhi Metro Rail Corporation is now our own state. I mean, our country is a public sector company. who have done all the pioneering of the metro. They have paved the way for all other cities to build metro and they have been supporting all metros. Their construction has been over the Delhi metro.

1:18:51Now they are mainly into operations. And their experience has also been so much in these years to do construction, operation. So now they are in a position to advising other metros. So now as an advisory body, as DPR for making even construction for making but even for Delhi Metro this was their first venture as operator what we have given them and now basis that now they have set up an international company which can take international projects so for our country we are harnessing the strengths and powers of some public sector company which has gained experience over a period of time and they give this work they will get an experience which will help them winning some international projects.

1:19:43So this is as a country we are strengthening our own companies and that kind of hand holding that kind of brotherhood or sisterhood will have to be there among our own public sector companies and that's why he gave me. I am very happy before we thought that DMRC will be so competitive vis-a-vis the internationally acclaimed operating companies which have so much experience but they have competed well and they are running the show very well so as a country it's a matter of pride true and talk about Metro Line 3 that the cost of India is the highest in Asia per kilometer cost of making Metro in China it becomes almost half price

1:20:55scores of per kilogram over even the price of per kilometre but Mumbai the tunneling cost is if you have a coastal road the cost of the tunnel is the same it's almost close to thousand kilometers that is the benchmark cost the reason is the cost of the tunneling there are many things one is the machine labor cost but especially metro tunnel this is not the tunneling the cost of the tunneling which is tunneling, all the systems, tracks, rolling stock, signaling system, telecom system, all the things. There are stations. There are two-story, three-story stations. There are escalators, lifts, all kinds of things are there.

1:21:49But when you build a construction, it is not a greenfield project, it is a brownfield project. so I was like saying, when we raise our host station with a nuclear station, we have to put 4 times our utilities shivering, hang nossa, go to Leo and drop us. With further excavation toals on the road. Now, there will be no advocating station. The area of ste terms remains 6-met lay down since then, you will have to be removed with the other road of arteries on the ground on it. Without going on, people will carry theesti bahrain and then patable inlia, it will be transitioned from the quit. most of the station 19 stations were beneath road so road can traffic not to do it if I would give it to all roads that would be closed then I would have to work on my own work so I would have to work on my own work but traffic can also be running so I would have to work on this 19 places steel can decks I would have to do it I mean steel can bridges that means that traffic can go down and we work on the bridge this bridge to anchor after that after the work of station after that the anchor will cut the deck and then on the road will make a lot of work and then it will make a lot of work and then it will make a lot of work so it's a very very complex system if you look at Delhi if you look at Delhi then the station the side of the wall the station will make a permanent wall because they have so many buildings.

1:23:26We have to protect the building from the foundation. So, first, we have to protect the second pile and protect the foundation. It is a wall. Then, it is a wall. And it is a gap. The third thing is that the buildings are so high. is on the top of each building. Each building is 24 by 7. The old building is 24 by 7. It has to be monitored for almost 1 year. During construction and construction after almost 6 months. So, for every building, first of all, the whole building condition is done by 2 times. First of all, the contractor is done by 2 times. And it's made a big document. Which building is made by which crack is.

1:24:12Which foundation is made by what problem is. Which spalling is. is there a roof where there is a slab. These are all photographs of the documents. They are given to the owner and we have to live. Then the designer is factoring to make the station design and tunnel design. Our contractor has mandate that the building is the same as the same as the deterioration. So contractors can see this building condition Surveyori Hota Haya, UsKey Aadhar Pair Depending On The Vulnerability, 5 Categories Me Divided Hota Haya, Safe Se, Leke Unsafe Taka, For Jho Unsafe Building Hota Haya, Unko Contractor Ko Pahle Unko Safe Banana Hota Haya, UsPay Kuch Support System Laga Ke, Ya Kuch Karke, Kuch Building Mangan Lijay Khi, Woh Vaisep Bhe Giren Nail Haya, So UsKo Demolish Karana Padta Haya, UsKey Log Hai, To Unko Temporary Shift Karana Padta Haya, And The Support System Laga Ghe Ghi, Throughout Construction Rheegi, So when four years develop, two それですか is 4 have to set.

1:25:12After that, there are still instruments on the main point, which are being made to force, if it becomes a tilt meter, it can Strandются to try and see, there's a Displacement Markers to find out, then noise for something like that. There are some different instruments on which canng trabalh qualifies, which are the footprints on their new pictures, if there's a lighting building or heritage building, is

1:25:57society

1:26:12So, 1000 crore per kilometer. That's pretty expensive. That's pretty expensive. But, every time, that 4 kilometers, it was also the cost of this. I mean, that 4 kilometers were 1000 kilometers per kilometer. But, today, we can spend 1000 kilometers per kilometer. Because, there is financing. That 4 kilometers per kilometer. That was not. So, that 4 kilometers is like, today's 1000 crore only. But, the cities will need to dare into this venture. if we don't do it, cities will decay. Cities will lose their relevance and significance. And that is so clamped up. That is one thing. The second thing is that Mumbai city, which is today, is made from a salon.

1:26:59It has its ecosystem, its DNA has developed. If we allowed Mumbai that there is no more than anything, I don't know it. I am a second city. It can't have the, status of Mumbai. Fair. Naturally, because it's that ecosystem develop a lot of centuries. You can't let our existing cities go. True. They're so capable to make them invest in them. Because this city is so valuable. So valuable. In India's 35 % income tax 7-8 % India's GDP comes here. So the city itself is so valuable. Its population is so valuable that we invest in the future. So we need to keep this investment. How much a metro station is?

1:28:01It's a different way. But you think that every tunneling of the cost depending on the rock it is 2 to 200 crore per kilometer can be around station construction cost again depending on the rock NATM will be more so 2 to 300 crore sometimes 350 crore 400 crore and then the rest of the systems are in it generally generally I tell you 70 % underground metro 70 % is the civil cost 30 % is the system cost so if you say 1000 crore then 700 crore will be this is a wallfire figure 1000 not yet so if you have a civil cost then 40 % will be tunnel cost 60 % will be station cost this is how it works so almost like 300-350 crore per station interesting thing and when you spend so much okay there was an incident that opened a station in 2025 and in that station there was a flood in the 16 days there was no flood in the station, that station was the first monsoon last year only, pre-monsoon showers which were unexpected and it was very much in the 20th and 20th and 20th and the last year so that station's entry was not open, it was the work that started.

1:29:41And when the entry entry and exit was too low, it was 22 meters, so the station was 2 stages in the lower part. So that was not the work that was done. The work that we had to go down to the concrete, that was the work that was going on. We had 10-15 days before the storm started. before we had safely closed it. But pre-monsoon showers came and it was very much. That was one of the extreme weather events in Mumbai. And there was no problem with the water with the rain. The station was that entry was able to withstand it. But there were some buried stormwater drains there. There was so much water on the surface that the stormwater water drain that was a coupler and the water came from there it got a natural vent of our bed in that water and right now I am not recollecting the exact amount but it was a huge amount which got kind of collected in that pit entry exit and pumping out was not possible because it was so much water out that it could not be pumping out.

1:31:03And it was slowly out of the water but it was slowly and it was slowly and it was slowly out of the water. And the water was not completely concrete. So after some time that one wall gave away. So the water was down. And in one second, our CCTV camera just in one second the water was down. But that was an accident last year Mumbai 124 % rain normal average rain rain days extreme rain days but after that it left one event no issue anywhere because these are all watertight structures entry exits the highest flood level is the last 100 years of study. We also have some fits in our station. So, the station has a staircase or a ramp.

1:32:10So, that's why we can't go there. That was a very freak accident, I would say. The water came, and the water came. But the water came, because the water came, and the water came, and the water came. This was our problem. the story of the day. In today's history, all the stations have been made and there is no incident in this way. But as if Mumbai is unfit for handling the monsoon, you know everybody knows, almost all the people are talking about that there will be an flood. So as a BMC commissioner, how do you prepare this for? Because you know the flood will come from where and where and where and where and where and where and where your lives are disturbed.

1:32:54we'll buy a different stuff.

1:33:24Mumbai but if you look at Mumbai this is one of the most resilient cities I would say today New York Paris London because sometimes weather patterns are changing every city the water which is a strong water drain system it is a capacity for certain capacity it is designed to be Mumbai like a city which is linear year है जिसके तीनों साइड में ओशन है तो ओशनिक मुवमेंट जो है उसको भी द्यान में रखना पड़ता है हाई टाइड और लो टाइड होती है अब जून में या पूरे मॉनसून season में there are 24 events of high tide जो 4.5 meter से ज़्यादा लंबी tide होने वाली है वो हर साल होता है जिस दिन high tide है जिस period में और उसी period में अगर 300 mm rain सिर्फ 2 गंटे में आ गया तो होता यह है कि rain के कारण पानी भरता है जो storm water drain की capacity होती है water drain but in that period high tide we have to add some gates to a certain area which are low-lying areas which are low-lying areas where water but we will say flood what we will say which is the traffic disrupting or the train is closed and the bus route is also diverting so cities have to manage those episodes we can't completely avoid them the efficiency of your system is defined by not having such incidents but during such incidents how can you predict that such incidents are likely to happen and how you can prepare yourself and the citizens to deal with that incident.

1:35:39Because you can't avoid disasters, you can't manage it in a good way. So, this city has been trying to prepare itself for this scenario for past many years. Now, what is this done? First, we have a lot of pumping stations that are out of water. There are 7 major pumping stations in the city which are in the rain. The water is continuously at certain capacity. Then we have many mini pumping stations. There are 10-12 mini pumping stations which we active in the monsoon. After that, the city has close to 1000 pumps during the monsoon. उसमें 50-600 तो BMC खुद लगाती है बाकी बाकी और other organizations लगाती है जहां low lying area से पानी बाहर डालते हैं अब मैंने जो situation बोली नॉर्मली तो यह चलता है इससे पानी नहीं आता है बच अब high tide और heavy monsoon अगर club हो गए तो क्या करें So what we have said is that 3-4 low-lying areas now there are underground tanks that can be built for 2-3 hours for water and the flooding of the outside is reduced.

1:36:54It doesn't go 100 % but it has 6 inches to the water. So the traffic also can go by, buses also can go and train tracks. पर भी पानी नहीं आता है, तो अशे city has been trying to do this for past few years, there are two more pumping stations, एक माहूल का है, और एक इरला pumping station है, जो अभी भी होने हैं, हमरे काम अभी चल रहा है उसका, शुरू हो गया है, उसकी land के issues ते पहला, वो एक बार होने के बाद, उन areas का ये problem So, the city needs to prepare itself for these events. You can't avoid them, you can't manage them. That is one thing. So, that Mumbai has been doing. That's why you can see, last year, the train was closed on one day and the central line was closed on one day.

1:37:452-3 hours and the harbor line was probably a full evening that was only one day 19th August 19th August in Mumbai was very heavy rainfall so it was done but the rest in Western Railway was still no problem the whole underground metro and elevated metro during heavy monsoon also went through so we had transport in 50-60 areas we had to change the bus route but buses were not closed so this city manages all the things second, last year we have developed a system with the help of IIT which is the data from AMD which is the AI algorithm that we have given IIT gives us 48 hours of warning prior to the previous year when there is a very extreme weather event and this was the last year from the 18th and 19th August How much preplace?

1:38:46like underground tankковot. so you know so you know safe juggah pere temporarily le jaa sakti ho toh ye sara BMC kerti hai isi liye kuch images brain pere woh fix ho jati hai woh images hai bariish hooti bhi bhot hai lekin city runs city doesn't stop that is the most important thing city me ek hi pramah milan subway has been managed very well a few people who are interested in the subways. The subways is very very narrow. It means that it is in the Nala. And it's very small traffic. But it's very efficient. So, some people who are interested in it. It's for alternatives to make a little detour.

1:39:42But during the monsoon, there's water that comes in. Because there's no option. Now, in the subways, there's a bridge that comes in. It's a subway that comes in. But it's a subway that comes in. bhi kaafi saari structural difficulties hai but waha pae aisa nai hai ki woh agar subway ban kar dya during banish jab kyunki safety is also important to loogon ko ane jane ka rastah ban nahi hoata hai, thoda door se lena pade but phir bhi woh bhi ek symbolic image hai ki aneeri subway mein panie a gaya to woh thoda uska discussion jada hota hai aur aisa hoata hai ki mumbay pura pani se bhera hoa hai, to I think we must go by data we go by evidence based kind of knowledge which we will know that in the past 5-6 years and perhaps the capacity to deal with flood has increased tremendously and all organizations have been improved but can we not avoid it?

1:40:46it is very difficult to avoid the reason is you can't design the stormwater drain to you know take care of the extreme weather event because the cost we know that every year extreme weather happens so we can't do anything there is no technology in the world or no management in the world we can predict that if we go to high tide event and 300 mm per hour we can't do it so we can't do it because it has a cost you can't have a system which you need only once a day in a year because it's operating cost it's maintenance cost and city can't and you can't create over capacity it's going to be problem another imagine because you have to make strong water drain where will it go building will it go road will it go property will it go it's not necessary if it's double the size

1:42:04So,

1:42:09you have to strike that balance. You have to strike that balance. You should have to strike that balance. But the land should be available for development also. so extreme weather events prepare for us if we do what we do during the monsoon there is a lot of rain we keep schools we don't think we don't have 365 days school is going to go and we will take kids to take the rain because these are some of the days you have to manage this city what is the most important is that no one is stranded or no one is injured not a death, not a property, not a property, not a property. So, what is this for?

1:42:55Prior warning. People have to say before. This is why alerts are alert. What is this? It means what is a raid alert. So, people should not go unnecessarily out. So, these are the things. World may not be such a system in the world. If there is a cyclone, then everything is not cyclone prone. You can't afford to. True. Because the city will pay very heavy cost. but you are still in the cyclone if you have a flood for a few days, for a few hours you will fill the water so we are filling the water so we are closing the road because there is no one going and there is no one going to die so cities need to be prepared for this warning so that the damage is minimum and this is how all cities in the world work El Nino is more afraid that the population will be less is less.

1:43:46Less than water scarcity can be less. But only no one side is another factor that is in Indian Ocean that is a positive factor. Only no one is negative factor. So, it's a matching that is a final realistic factor. So, how will it be? As we move ahead, we will come to know. But you must be preparing for it. So, preparation is two ways. Preparation is the whole city of the system. It is to clean and desilting. So that all the Nala system and the stormwater drains are ready to take the stormwater outside. The whole city is about 4500 kilometers of Nala system. The city is about the western suburbs and the eastern suburbs.

1:44:364 ,000 kilometers. The minor Nala is about the major Nala. The city of Nala is covered. It's like arch drain type or dhapa type. It's not the same. The suburb of the nala system is open. Open nalas are open drains. There are some major nalas. There are major nalas. There are major drains. There are some minor drains. So, these are desilts. So, 6 lakhs, 6 crore metric tons. There are more silt. There are more silt. And our estimation is our estimate. so in today's time we have almost 85 % silt released in this case then people think that in the nala there is no salt that is not released this reason is because in the nala in the nala day-to-day day-to-day the garbage is released so that is the floating material many of the nalas where the two sides are where the disposal of the nala in the nala and they are so that is the floating material so the nala which they are released that is not something which obstructs the flow of the nala and that floating material after cleaning the nala is now it is a waste of time because people are still putting it so that floating material can also be photos of it and say that the nala is not a waste so this is a perception technically speaking nala is a waste of time that's why Mumbai deals this flood every year and as I said minor NALAs and major NALAs and this NALA system is a C Eastern Sabaab is a NALA system Western Sabaab is a city this NALA C is a very complicated system where our pumping stations can work and these are all this is a very modern system private systems in the place where there is no water on lowline area wider pace 5.5 years there is not water And it's a control control in our BMC headquarters.

1:47:12There's a big disaster control room. There are full screens. There's a backup room in our brotherhood. It's manbed 24 by 7. There's a call center in the 1916. We have a complaint received from CCTV cameras. We see all the areas. we are seeing there. And the 597 which are our pumps that are still running if there is rain, it will be clear. Because in our screen, we also see the rain. The continue of the rain. Where will the rain? And we will see the screen how much water is going. So, this is a whole system that runs. The water and the water is our most important work. The other thing is that which is the construction debris, especially the city has 7000 metric tons of solid waste.

1:48:12And there are only 7000 to 8000 construction waste and debris in the city. Because it's growing so much, the old building is breaking. Now, if someone has permission to give them, is only on one condition that they will scientifically dispose of this construction debris outside somewhere they are supposed to get some quarries which they put in but unfortunately, many times people who agree do not do it and where they get the opportunity they dump it in the water they dump it in there they dump it in there they dump it from there we do desilting it but if this self-discipline in the city contractors real estate developers construction logo so BMC can't complain but it will be easy so construction debris is very important so that also we keep doing pumping station and then it is just monitoring and observing and being on the ground all the time which is a problem, the river, some areas where water will come, we know that 2 hours for 2 hours, if it is a place, normal people have problems, but if they are a little bit of a problem, then they can take a safe place to take them.

1:49:41So we identify some nearby schools, where they are prepared, so people take a day for 1 or 2 days, they can take a safe place to take them, or their food and drink. So these are part of your disaster management, your event management skills. They do BMC. Massive. There is one big problem. The floods and rain are complicated and more complicated. But 24-7, 365 days in Mumbai is a problem. That is traffic. So I was taking a map. and this was that this map is 5 heat zones where there is most traffic in Mumbai so when will this be solved? which area is this? this is Mumbai one is Ambedkar road then Ghadkoper link road western express highway Jogeshwari-Vikruli link road on eastern express highway these 5 yeah these heat maps and this BMC is done where population density is a lot of greenery like Dharavi Dharavi is also a hit prone area so in Dharavi there is a lot of congestion Dharavi's population density is 2.5 lakh 3 lakh per square kilometer which normally Mumbai is 24-25 thousand that is also the world So, naturally, it will be a heat generating area.

1:51:20So, this will be solved slowly. In fact, that is the target. By 2050, if we have to do climate resilient, zero carbon footprint, then how will this all go? All this is on the traffic concession on the roads. So, this area is called Metro Line 6. So, today, the construction of the traffic jam is more than that.

1:51:53is supposed to get diverted on the public transport. So, that will reduce the cost of the city. Today, there are almost 3 ,000 more construction sites. When we move to the public transport system, it will reduce the cost of the city. Because there is no option for traffic. Mumbai is a very congested city. High density population city. road network only 2050 km against 26 ,000 km of Delhi so the traffic is moving on the same way so the traffic is moving on the same way so how do we solve it what is the solution solution is shifting to public transport system that's it there is no other option otherwise traffic is closed so Mumbai will be closed so you have to public, it's another, greening your fleet.

1:52:46EVs, going to EVs, it means that you have diesel and petrol, there are new standards of petrol and diesel vehicles that are less emission. But then, you have to go to EVs, public transport, this change you have to do. Without that, it will not be less. And this problem public transport from the airport. Today, it is necessary to make 100 km per meter. But these are desperate lines. They are not connected in the whole way. Line 2 will get connected to Line 3. Line 7 will also get connected to Line 3. Line 6 will get connected to Line 3. By when do you think all of this will be? These are all works under construction.

1:53:30Line 2, I think by June 27, that should get connected. Line 7 will also be connected to Line 27. connect line six ko shayad 18 years so I am taking giving myself another three to four years to get all these lines connected to each other and prediction this is that MRDA did comprehensive transport study and upgraded in 2018 or 2022 so they predict that today there around 70 to 75 people travel Useおっ Pick - uh the

1:54:33Deposit energy Metro Metro There is even 75 to 50 Shaid Your Truth I Julie पर चला जाएगा, जो आज की motor traffic मितलब bus का भी थोड़ा बहुत कम हो जाएगा, लेकिन जो vehicle traffic है, वो static रहेगी या कम होगी, वो बढ़ेगी नहीं if we create this kind this is the prediction जो transport experts ने किया हुए so हमारा first and foremost अभी important चीज है कि metro network को जल्दी से जल्दी complete when it is complete then we will solve many issues I was speaking to one of my friends who work in the DNC department and globally including India he has suggested and I was asking if the traffic is not going to be just like a normal citizen and the answer was that majority cities Metro is liye banati hai ki Jho future me das sal baat Jho traffic ane wala hai Woh uspe divert ho jai Jho existing hai Woh vaysa hi rata hai So it's not usually ki Existing aapka traffic Kam ho jata hai But jho ane wale time hai Or shayi jho aapko Aaj e ghunta lagta hai Khaeim pausnane wala Dho ghunta lag jatai Uski wajay se public transport Acha hota hai Is that the same thing in Mumbai?

1:56:06No, it works both ways Existing traffic ko bhi divert karna hai But hota kya hai Khi metro construction ka period Bhi bhoot rata hai It's not a thing that you can do. Normally, if you have any problem with metro, you can make 5 years. If you have problems with 7-8 years, you don't get immediate solutions. People think that our traffic will not solve the metro. But you don't have any option. not even the metro. You will not have to make the metro. And today's traffic will be solved with the future. If you have a new system to make the new system, you can only make the capacity for today. You can make the investment so you can make the next 100-200 years.

1:56:50So that's why they say something wrong because they have to keep the future vision in the future. But that doesn't mean that the system doesn't solve your problem today. Typically cities ne kya karna chahiye agar naakpur jc city ya pune jc city joh radially expand hoti hai us cities me ye ho saktahe ki pahle aap aapni bus system achy karay kyunki buses agar adequate number of buses aapke paas hai aur woh agar efficiently chalati hai achy buses achy quality buses kyunki road network to cities me hai problem kya haan hoti hai jahaan buses bhoat kam hai or private vehicles is a lot of trouble. But if you have good quality buses with very reliability and proper information if you go to the people will prefer to use buses.

1:57:44What happens if you have a bus? People will go on. But if you have to travel because they have parking problem or they have to go to the bus. This is the public transport that is used to then you will public transport

1:58:28This is a typical 80 % of people are going to public transport. Mumbai was the first one. But Mumbai's problem is its shape, its size, its population, its own population, its financial capital. Because it's an employment magnet. So Mumbai's problem is not to stop. And our infrastructure has to expand. So what happens in this situation? Mumbai is continuously working in progress. Now there are so many construction activities, roads are broken, now you have to eliminate it slowly. And, just like we are doing metro network today, we have a lot of difficulty. But I guarantee you that once it is complete, the changes will be dramatic.

1:59:18How many places have been there? Where the metro has been reduced, the traffic has reduced. Japan go tokyo go tokyo go tokyo tokyo is a Mumbai where metro line is the area is the reason is because network effect is not the network effect is the other I give a I give Moscow and Tokyo I give metropolitan area Tokyo Tokyo, you have to take a look at the metro network of 1015 kilometers. That means, they all get together and they are different. Tokyo is the most populated city in the world. There are probably 3 million people in the metropolitan area. There are 70 to 80 % people travel on metro. Because the metro network is so efficient.

2:00:16is where you go. So, you can't see the top of the bed. The bottom of the bed is all. Quietly they move. So, Japan and Tokyo roads are less traffic congestion. They can't avoid the traffic congestion. However, you need not bother. Because you have an option. It is my choice. Whether I go from congested roads or I go from metro. When you have a better option, then you can't creep about it. Same is the case with Moscow. Moscow. Moscow is 12-12 lanes. But it's a beautiful and efficient network. There are also 70-80 ,000 ,000 people that go there. Despite having 12-12 lanes, Moscow's roads are too far.

2:01:05I have myself personally experienced. Because the car is now big. But nobody can creep. The reason is, by choice you are taking a car. But you have public transport network. What is in Mumbai? It's a suburban network. But suburban network is so saturated. You cannot force people. If people are falling there, they are falling. They are falling. रही है, बहुत congested अंदर से मतलब ऐसे uncomfortable environment से travel कर रहे हूँ तो you can't force people to travel all the people, फिर भी लोग करते हैं so unless and until आप एक metro network बनाते हो तो लोगों को आप choice नहीं दे पाते हो, उसके बाद भी अगर traffic concession रहेगा, तो that is by choice, not by compulsion so I won't say that traffic congestion will not be able to go but I will have a choice I will decide I will have a choice I will have a choice I will have a choice that I will have to go to the good quality of the metro in 35 minutes this is my choice so I think government is the job that people have a choice that they have a good choice and then slowly slowly and slowly change the behavior which is in Delhi in Delhi where the metro network बन गया, 400 km is a sizable metro network जहां पर आप ये choice कर सकते हो तो हमारा काम है कि जल्दी से metro network कमना और लोगों को choice दे You know, you said cost of operating metro and starting में आपने एक thread रह गया कि हम दो जाए तो सबसे जादा metro को चलाने में खर्चा आता है electricity का कितना खर्चा आता होगा electricity का per year?

2:02:45Roughly I don't know the number but roughly operating cost 40 to 45 % 45 % is the electricity cost So if you reduce electricity cost Then your metro operating cost And a very unique thing In Mumbai In India specifically Our metro station is a brand For Advertisement right Which is a good revenue system for government Or for the metro body so like HDFC Garcoper Indescent Bank has taken a lot someone has taken a lot per station cost it depends it depends it depends on which location that is the brand that is the importance of which location which is the importance which is the non-revenue box fair box revenue which is the the same the station station

2:03:46naming rights we don't give the name which is the name of station we have given it kotak bank it is a tender and in the tender it is very important for kotak so we have some 11 crore rupees per year nice for 5 years sbi has taken 2-3 stations in the airport and a I think Vidhan One station is because that is the headquarter so that all of them has some 22 crores per year but we have a lot of rates in all places so much rates we have no response to any station so we have no response to any of them so we have an advertisement that we have said we have a bidd that times have been bidd and we have almost 68 crores per year that's the whole metro so this is different this is something and some years for us when we go back to the building then something else will come today it's based on estimation how much ridership will come it's also it's also it's also but once the metro line saturated and ridership this is the estimation and ridership established so it's probably it's more rates because we will increase so this is this is the market that decides you have to do a proper transparent tendering process nice so 10 crore per almost on an average 10-11 crore see you I'm telling you we have about

2:05:22150 to 200 crore rupees non-fair box revenue yes and how much in fair box in fair box ideally it should be 20 % of the fair box but today with some rules but our fare box not enough so fare box depending on how much is the ridership average 50 to 60 lakh rupees so it means that's not over 200 crore yes that's the start of the day but our ridership our expectation is quite low when this station is connected then ridership will increase so it's sudden jump why is it price is it not connectivity

2:06:09or your house they are all defined by the existing sub urban rail system this ejarde just from there to be a place. The beach beach is connected. When the lines are connected, they will be connected. Today, the inner city and the line 3 are connected. So, the moral has become our hub. The people of the people of the world can go down. The inner city can go down. Imagine that the line 2, which comes from the center, comes from the center, when we connect to BKC, we have a smooth transition. Rakhah hai, BKC Ke Station Se neche hai, toh dahisar Wala banda bhi usko agar Wahaan jana hai, South Mumbai mein, toh He will take that route instead of suburban route Jho bhout jyadha crowded hai, bhout uncomfortable Hai Similarly Jho line 6 hai, JVLR pe aata hai Woh bhi line 3 ko connect ho ga, toh Wahaan ke bhi loge aengi, toh poora travel Pattern change ho ga.

2:07:08So it's more because of Connectivity. Because of the connectivity, last Mile connectivity, logon ka Today's travel pattern will take some time to change. Plus apart from that this line also has a transit oriented development. So, the government's policy and the existing metro line in its stations, in its 500 meter area around, will be a little densified development in the future. In the next 10-15 years. So, when the density is increased, it will become a whole travel pattern. We will make an underground metro network so we will not only take traffic today. Next. I have all these developments, so the traffic will also absorb.

2:07:50So these are all nuanced things. So we design them and use them to take particular ridership. But that ridership will not come from the first time. It will take 5-7 years to develop. One serious question, which is what sentiment is attached to Mumbai's people. That is potholes. In Mumbai, there are only horses and they don't have to be filled. in fact Bombay High Court has said that it should provide data civic bodies and you can talk somewhere where it's missed Asia's richest body municipal corporation body it's 80 ,000 crore budget that's normal city's not able to buy why? I think we can talk about evidence based I have said that city has 2 ,050 km long road.

2:08:46It is different from 45 meters to 6 meters. There are two external and western highways. Now, it's under the whole utilities. So, city's roads need to dig. If you leave the utility outside, it's going to be on private land. It's going to be on its value. is about the issue of doing the life. It gives a deeper connection. But it gives a broader connection with all utilities onto the outside, that we have to take it, which is the maintenance of the lake, which is the maintenance of the lake, and repair it. We have to cut the road to the road. What was the first time? Mumbai's road was all the bituminous roads.

2:09:46The bituminous roads were the way that if the uniformity of the layer is, if it breaks, for some reason, and the water is inside, it cracks the layer. doing continuous road radio consensus face immortality 1976Love Business tua Cosgate events Haveimb evaluation性 Integrity and You can change , , You can change , , gaddے ہو جاتے ہیں during monsoon اور monsoon میں ہم gaddوں کو اتنا اچھی طریقے سے بھر بھی نہیں سکتے کیونکہ پانی میں جو بھی ہم کرتے ہیں وہ continuous آنے والی بارش کے قارن وہ disintegrate ہوتا رہے تھے تو اس پہ option کیا ہے تو سالوں سے یہ بات ہم discuss کر رہے تھے تو اس لئے government نے CM DCM صاحبے دونوں نے decision لے لیا کہ یہ سارے رستے ہم concretize کر دیں گے تو ابھی 2050 km میں سے 1700 km کے road concrete ہو چکے ہیں 300 km road is still provide奇百 500 km along we say in Giving March at

2:11:07the riding

2:11:18quality riding quality riding quality and all think that it's a main road or slip road so it's always at least for some time it will be bituminous road now the problem which comes in these roads comes in because there's one of a traffic because the traffic dynamics is hydrodynamics which is in which a small kink goes down so it's that's this because the traffic traffic problem ho ta hai toh gaddow ki sankhya shayad utinhi nahi hai but jit kam bhi ho lakin uska traffic pe athar ho ta hai toh uska discussion jada ho ta hai or aysa ho ta hai ki Mumbai me gaddye jada hai pichlye 3 saal ka pot hole repairs ka agar ham na expenditure dekha toh because we have started concretizing the roads pot hole repairs ka kharcha hamarah almost every year we are reducing it by 35 to 45 percent.

2:12:18This means the problem of the pot hole is less than the city. Since we have started concretizing the road. So, in the next 2-3 years, we will have the problem completely. Meaning, when it will be full, it will be 300 kilometers, it will be over the problem. But you are telling that in the 1700 kilometers, there are no trees. There are no trees. Because it is a concrete road. Now, in the 2-3 years, This is a short shot. Short shot. In the 2-3, riders are, riders the first road we made the concrete the side strip where the utility is more that we didn't concretize it was either paper block or bituminous kept this is why the utilities are more and if the concrete breaks then that creates a problem so the thought process was that it was the side strip flexible to keep so that what utilities are they can change but what happens is that the traffic traffic goes on and because there are flexible pavements there are trees from the forest and that creates a problem so the next piece which we have done concrete road was done with side strip with concrete there is no problem there is no utility there is no problem utility comes so we have trenching and we have to do concrete but it's methodology is that the gaddies are not not.

2:13:43It is easy to do concrete. It is not a problem. I don't know what gaddies are saying. The gaddies are not necessary. How do you manage? Still there are 300 kilometers of road. Still there are main areas. 300, no. There are many roads. It is not a small road. But they also create problems. If there is a gaddies in the inside, there are more transition. road bho chote hai to wo bhi problem mtlb uski intensity kam nahi bholi jasaakati wo bhi hai to uske liye again jiasse ham disaster manage kertai hai vise gaddong ko manage karna bho chalori hai to uske liye proper agency hona to humnne is bar bhi uske liye agency rukhi hai gaddong ko mastik se hi feel karengue ye decide kia hoa hai ab usmei dikkat thoda hiya aati hai ki báris agar tín dyn continuous rahi to gaddha bharna muskil ho ta hai hummye thoda thoda to so, the rain will be very important.

2:14:39So, this is a problem. On the Eastern and Western Express Highway, we have decided that they will be 24 by 7, continuous, observe. Traffic police and BMC will be in tandem. Because the traffic police are always under camera and watch, so they know where the problem is. They know where the problem is. This is not a traffic movie. not yet. That's why it's more problem. It was before, it was that they will give that information to the authority. Now, the whole Western Express Highway was made of an agency. Some MSRDC made of flyovers, MMRDNA made of flyovers. So, they were doing maintain. But last year, we took a decision that both these roads are now transferred to BMC.

2:15:26So that there is no multiplicity of agencies. Because of communication gap, no one was watching the door. So last year also we managed it very well. This time it will be more coordination. So as information is needed, there will be little gags. I can avoid that because it is a bituminous route. But our efficiency is that we will tackle how fast our response time is less. So this time we will try. So I can guarantee that the problem is not going to be too much. But it will be less. ضرور ہوگا. The second thing is the most important thing is that information is quickly getting. If there is a pot hole, because there are different reasons that are coming from water, so that is why we have different ways to get our pot hole fixed and our app and our mark and our number is a uniform complaint system.

2:16:25It is our number. Our Twitter account is so important. So, all these information with that inputs we use the inputs immediately to tackle that response time we will try to reduce it much less. Machinery is fully alerted, aware and a little delay a little neglect this time it will not be tolerated. See one thing I think everybody can agree that some year before manholes were too many diminutes 99 % of them dans a data comes토 but what does it say? that's S 저는 during monsoon cover cover all the time but what happens when the swd during the monsoon when the water is coming it will be the cover it will be removed but it is a risk so that all the manholes will be there

2:17:39because they are the ones where we go to the maintenance and do it but manholes safe that is there so those manholes problems we have to eliminate manholes still if you look at data you don't see anything no no potholes are happening every year because we have numbers how many potholes are how many complaints how much on the way, but the problem with potholes is, no problem with potholes is, a potholes bhi problematic ho saktay, so overall number come ho gaya, there is no doubt about it but woh aeg bhi nahi ho na chahi kyunki aeg potholes se bhi problem ho tati, exactly agar badnaami ho tati, woha aeg potholes se bhi ho tati but maynay jaysay aap bol dhiya ki potholes hoonay ki joh reasons he woh kuch natural reasons he, usko avoid nahi kar saktay hai, jab tak sare road concrete nahi ho jatay or sare road concrete shayad nahi kar pate hain, log jaysay eastern or Express Highway को करनेगा तो हमारा target अभी यहीं होगा कि कुछ Potholes कम करने कोशिश करे resurfacing पहले करे इस बार Western Express Highway का हमने resurfacing इस बार पूरा नहीं हो पाया है वो अगली साल से हम लोग वो advance में करेंगे लेकिन Potholes को immediately tackle करना हमारा response time जितना कम हो सके efficiently tackle this is our hands.

2:19:07What kind of cost looks like? I'm talking about our estimated budget for all other roads 40 to 50 crores and for Eastern and Worcesters highway for 60 crores. So 100 crores budget is not during monsoon. During monsoon after that it is not routine maintenance

2:19:58and then there's another thing pot hole which is dumping right in fact if you can see the the river that is here some grounds are which have been so disturbing because there is so dumping that it is not going to be solved and it is going to be a disease people have been dumping how do we solve that because they are going to be disturbed and people have a problem I like it.

2:20:59but they have no protection. So, people go and dump and dump and dump and dump. So, it's a different thing. But city's municipal solid waste system is how it works. I can understand it. In Mumbai, I have said, 7000 metric tons of metric tons per day. Our population of 50 ,000 ,000 people is in slum. This entire metric is in slum. Society is in the same way. So, this whole car is 7 ,000 metric tons per day. It is collected by the municipal machinery. Our own 28 ,000 labor. There are more labor from 10 ,000 to more. Contracting, NGOs. So, this whole labor car is taken. The road cleaning. This car is from a different vehicle.

2:21:54vehicles are. 1300-1400 vehicles are. Which are our processing units are. Mumbai was 2-3 which were dumping grounds or waste processing units. One was Devernaar, Mulun was there. There was Gorai. And now we were Kajurman. Gorai was closed. Mulun and Devernaar were closed. But what is that the new new yard, not to go to that. But the old one is, we have to go to the biominating and take it out and take it out. We have to reuse the land. That's what's going on. But when the Devonar was closed, we had to find another place in the high court.

2:22:38Now, in the Conjur Mark, it's a waste processing yard. It is not a dumping. We don't call it a dumping yard. It's a waste processing unit. Where the city has almost 5 ,800 metric ton का कचरा वहाँ जाता है कुछ कचरा जो dry waste होता है वो हमारे 43 dry waste centers है अलग -अलग city में वहाँ पर जाता है वहाँ पर जो लोग अने बहुत लोग होते जो कचरा मतलब जो collect करते वो वहाँ पर जो dry waste है वो निकालते है and that is reused recycled Ideally, waste should be segregated at source But, we have a lot of effort But, we do not do it We have many societies Who are segregated at source And who are compostable waste Which is compostable waste Which is compostable waste For that we have A little bit of a concession But, we have very little society That is advantage of it The rest of the people Waste to BMC to be emcee co in subse e waste collect carna pade ta hai segregated waste become reta hai to finally a waste mix ho jaata hai jab conjure mark pe yye sara waste ho ta hai to waha pe jose system hai wou eek bio reactor bolte hai usko wou karne ke liye waste ko thoda segregation ho ta hai jose compostable waste hai thousand metric ton ka usko windrow type ke composting methodology se composting kiya jata hai uske pahle usme se nikala hua jose reusable waste is, it is going to be out of the water, it is going to shredding.

2:24:10And the shredded material is going to be different from cement factory. The waste is going to be out of the waste, which you can not compost or shred, it is going to be in the bio reactor. What is bio reactor? There are many pits, 7-8, very big. One pit in one, 7000 tons, in that way, when I have 5-6 months, I have to go for it. There are big pits to build. This is a big pile. It doesn't have to be directly. There are layers. First, there is geotextile. There is foam on it. So that the leachert gets collected. It gets processed and it also gets a little power generation. It takes care of the waste processing unit.

2:25:02take care then

2:25:07it's a scientific way of doing it's a bio reactor so it's a scientific way of doing it so it's a whole heap 50 meter to go and then it goes then it goes then the new unit is open so it's a scientific way of doing it this process 2013 it's a whole heap and then it goes and then it goes which is the leachate in the soil, which is a dark water, which is a lot of things, it is processing out. It is waste generated, it is preserved in the soil, then it is processed out. So, this process goes on, the whole the soil. So, this is how, and the soil is preserved, it is 8-10 years later, it is bio-wining.

2:25:55Because that becomes a kind of soil, finally. When the rich are out of all gases, then it becomes a soil. Then it becomes a soil where you have big queries, which are used for it. But it's a very complicated process. And it manages every city to manage. Sometimes the process of everything we don't understand, then it's a complicated process. go on.

2:26:56but today technology has been like this, that even mixed waste can be used for waste to energy plants. So, we will go to waste to energy plants too slowly. We have now put a waste to energy plant in Devonar, 700 metric ton of plants, which is very modern, which will start from October. from the past, the energy generation will start. Now, we see that efficiency is that we will gradually increase our capacity to process waste for waste-to-energy plants. So, the bio-reaction was the first technology, which was the plant in 2035, but we will gradually increase our waste-to-energy plants. But, waste management is again, it cannot be only municipal corporations' responsibility.

2:27:43because this is a big task and now the MSW rules and regulations change is a shared responsibility. So, the waste generates, the bulk generator has also been given responsibility. Either they should process their waste, segregate their waste and process. If it's not, then they have to pay for it. Like who? Corporate? Even housing societies, not only factories. The bulk waste generator definition is given. हुई है क्या है वीस हजार स्क्वेर मिटर के उपर जो यह है या फिर सौ किलो वेस्ट अगर दिन में जो तयार करता है वो बल्क जनरेटर्स अच्छा एक दिन पे करना पड़ेगा पे तो भी waste municipal corporation कर रही है तो आपको किसी से credit buy करने पड़ेगा municipal corporation को pay करना पड़ेगा तो उससे क्या होगा हरेक मतलब मैं waste करूँगा तयार करूँगा मैं फेक दूँगा somebody else should take care of it यह चला जाएगा people will take care of their waste they will segregate it properly जो recycle level है उसको अलग करेंगे which composting will be different.

2:29:03So, this behavioural change is not only one day. It's about discuss and debate. Regulation, we need to impose some regulations. We need to impose some IC activities. So, this whole process is happening. We manage our citizens. But we have a contribution to citizens. We need to help. And many societies are willing also for that. The only thing is that we have to do mechanism. Now we have to start a clean Mumbai, which has been made a portal which can be registered by bulk waste generation. Then we will impanel many people who can go and explain them how the MSW regulations function, what is their responsibility, what is BMC and how we will effectively use this system.

2:29:56but civic because cities are so big and there are so high-rise buildings and there are so densification that the municipal corporations will not do all the things so if people or non-governmental organizations get contributions then we can jointly do all the things so that gets me to the last point high-rise building before high-rise building this I saw this is a poor village this is a slum demolition what happened there? what was the problem? what's going on? you yourself can see that this is railway land and railway land is a slum so naturally that area is so congested it is railway land so it is unauthorized slum and

2:31:20However, if you look in the East plane, so how did the water supply how did the electricity supply when it was illegal? It's like there are certain things which are done on humanitarian grounds Electricity Act provides what we need to do is it illegal? Yes, because we provide a service and we get the money so if we live in Mumbai if we live in 50 ,000 ,000 in slum, we are not eligible for slum for development after that हो लेकिन basic जो services है उसको आप on that ground नहीं कर सकते हैं दूसरा क्या होता है जो land owner होता है वो that land owner is entitled to remove that structure जैसे यह land अगर railway से belong करती है तो BM से जाके उसमें नहीं निकाल सकते हैं railway को initiative लेना पड़ेगा क्योंकि otherwise court will not allow us to do it वो लोग court में जाते हैं immediately so you have to be legally correct there are many slums which are on BMC land or private land but under slum act they are notified slums so this is all slum rehabilitation authority which is the authority of it so the slum of BMC can be removed from BMC but also the slum rehabilitation act is the authority of it to be the authority of it are.

2:32:46So that you have to first decide. So if you have notified slum to get themselves rehabilitated in-situ. This act has provided. So how do you process this? So how far does it take them to leave it? Or do they have to leave it? No, no. This land is the slum rehabilitation scheme. It is the railway itself. Railway expansion expansion is not allowed. And if you legal है तो उनको निकाला ही जाएगा लेकिन कुछ जगह पे notified slum है तो उसमें उनकी एक eligibility है वो 2002 से पहले है तो उनको वो eligible है 2002 के बाद 2011 तक है तो उनको pay करना पड़ता है वो भी government ने अभी -अभी recently policy की है तो वो paid रही है in-situ not get in-situ, more than where we will give them.

2:33:36In-situ slum rehabilitation for any developer should be in-situ. In-situ means? In-situ means that it is the same place. Okay. So, some society will be made. The society will be made that our developer will be who will be. Then, SRA will give LOI. And LOI will give the developer to rent in-situ. Then, the developer will create a place. Then, building will start. Then, there will be people who will be in-situ. Black women rehabilitate local section of the lawyer Free housing can surrender is sales component in this drug process very complicated political one people are eligible issues they are not because it's cut-off date because the government is free housing people are FAC in court courts high power committee in process business developer rent into financial capability

2:34:38developlected because when someone front OF landing storm landing to build a house, then sell components and then sell it to sell it. So, every slum scheme has very structural issues. So, slum development is time to get started. And when you have eligible slum dealers, you know, the rest of the slum dealers are eligible. If you that it cluster so the big developers who have more capacity to take care of this so that's happening but there are certain slums which are on non-developable land which are illegal they don't have any option they are now the government is taking action and what happens to these people nobody knows they will have to go back to their places or they have to find out some legal ways of living and another thing in this is unlivable buildings Mumbai in 174 buildings are those who can collapse because they are C1 category from that people are living in 174 buildings who can collapse they have no idea and 71 buildings they are declared as C1 from that demolished something is vacated ho chuky hai like us mein not that necessarily that all these buildings 71 are there 71 mein hai 71 mein aisa hai ki court mein case chal raha iski wajay se abhi woha pe rar hai it's very risky at this point yeah but they are leaving there at their own risk supreme court has given this dekhiye aaj mein aapni mitsubh harayka bhi aapni zimedari raha diya na mera ghar hai mera ghar demolish ho chuka hai mitsubh dilapidated ho chuka hai to usko dhurust karna hii meri zimedari hai ki government ki zimedari so they are themselves so people why not because they know that they are because they are free housing they are not allowed to do anything we don't have to do anything there are many buildings in many structural issues because buildings are owned by somebody else people are living there by rent rent is peanuts nothing is rent it is very low because rent control act has defined or what it is and people are living there changing hands also So, the old rent was lazy, he gave the other one.

2:37:16People sold the property from this system. It's not that they can afford it. Sometimes, it's not that people don't live there. They occupy it and they stay outside. But they don't want to leave the claim. Because the building will go under redevelopment. And I will get a free house. So, this is the system. so this is why it happens that people are out of option in the building but these matters have gone up to Supreme Court in a recent judgment in the Supreme Court people what do they do is write to the High Court that they are on their own but the Supreme Court has now said that the Supreme Court has said that that someone doesn't have to write something like that they will have to vacate if it is a C1 building so it is a responsibility of that person that he has to be there and he has to find his own option government can't provide free housing to each and everyone irrespective of his financial condition so people can see this too okay we have our right redevelopment can but if the building is dilapidated you have to move your right will not go anywhere when the building will be redeveloped you will get a house but today you can't keep yourself so you can't expect others to keep you safe and this is every time it is done.

2:38:39But court in cases, because one building has been given to C1 category so people can do it. They have to share that they don't have to do it. So they have to do it. They have to do it. Then they have to do it. They have to do it. They have to do it. Then there is a tech committee. That is a tech committee. Tech committee decides whether it is a C1 or a repairable building. If they have to do it, they have to do it. Then people must leave that house. must leave that property that doesn't happen but what is it if the court stays we can't forcefully ship them but municipal corporation in the act this building to cut water and electricity this building is a procedure warning so we can cut many buildings and electricity and water still people stay there but I also say that it's not like that that that's where it's it's it's This is something that we keep making.

2:39:36Because if something is redevelopment, then my eligibility will not be removed. But the system should stop. We try to do a lot of our way. But people are also responsible. Citizenship is also important. But remember that in the 71th building, and tomorrow, because the building is so much like this, it can be possible. If tomorrow, someone has fallen down, then what is the blame for which BMC? No, no. Because news is this one that building is going to be but that is why I always say that media and their responsibility is staying because every time you can't blame somebody who is not responsible for that.

2:40:17What happens is that people have been used to see that we will see that who is responsible is. It may be that those people have to be but they have to be but they have to be not that you have to do illegal things if the building is dilapidated and the act says that C1 building has to be demolished and nobody can habitate in that, then they have to vacate it. If they don't vacate, then it is their responsibility. Our responsibility is to warn people or not. We have given the processes that we follow or not. We have notified people or not that this is unsafe building. This is our responsibility.

2:40:57But the building that we live in is very important to go out of their own and it is important to everyone BMC cannot rehabilitate each and everyone for your cost because finally it is a public money public money needs to be used very diligently and judiciously last question for you in your role at your position what is the most brutal work you have to do which you don't like probably sometimes I feel like this is heartless work and what is one that is one side of the question second is before your term ends what is one goal that you have to achieve in government every thing is a process if you think that we have to like the project people have to displace the land they have to take the land they have to demolish but this is not a heartless action it is always a legal action and it is always a deliberated action meaning people give a notice, a bulldozer give a break, that's never happened it's complete process it's for them they can get alternative they can get options when the metro we have got 30 buildings we have got more tenants So, we had two or three years to talk about the alternative process.

2:42:31We had two or three years to talk about the title. We had no title, papers, no paper. If we were building development, we had no idea of the development. We had a different agency appointed, and we had no documents, we had made a case paper, we had a tenancy certified, verify then they give options that you can go if you have some options physically available that you want to go or rent then they will give how much rent will be in the size of 5 categories we have divided every category we have defined rent in consultation with them that rent then they will give 1 month of rent extra shifting charges we have agreed that we will have to advance if we will making a building slochen

2:43:53current Teas Abergplants из Conflicts нам не смогу Do В 36 buildings мы motherfuckers são 3 туры б 만들 So apparently itorama удалось и trustFS процесс которые

2:44:23будут будут I think this process is very harsh. It is difficult and challenging. I think that we start with the problem. But I think that we have time to trust. And that is why we have more effort. That's one thing. In the city, I think my goal is to work on the brass tacks. Going back to basics. because to do a big project, coastal roads or big flyovers, elevated roads, metro, that is technologically, financially challenging tasks. But still, they are more doable than working on the basic services. Metro is relatively easy to clean the whole city. It's a difficult to clean the whole city. do it difficult.

2:45:20The reason is it's a very scattered work in which every citizen is involved. If every citizen should be able to change their behavior, their own capacity to change their behavior. BMC is a big complex operation. There are new projects. There are new projects. You can't have new technology. You can't have new team. You can't have new projects. so that we can do it. We can do it. We can do it. We can do it. We can do it. So, now we have a target that city's livability is how big it is. City's roads are clean. City's roads are clean. City's garbage vulnerable points are how to go. City's waste is how to go.

2:46:01City's waste is how to go. The STPs are the way to get it. City's sewage treatment is how to go. City's climate resilience is how to grow. hospitals hospitals five

2:46:20tertiary hospitals edFC so much job the this is our OPD almost you know, 1.5-2 crore IPD 50-60 lakh surgeries are enough now, these all are so big in the whole system that we can get people in private sector they can't afford so they come to BMC hospitals and they come to all places and they come to the system to improve the system to improve the rush and we can continue to improve the hospital to improve the system So these are the challenges which are more difficult to tackle. And whatever you get here, all the basic systems, the basic services that people give, I will focus on improving more and more.

2:47:12Perfect. Thank you so much. Thank you for spending time with us and explaining so many things. It was lovely having you. Thank you so much for your curiosity and going into these many details, which enabled me to explain how the city functions. Thank you. Thank you. Hello. Hi. Pleasure meeting you. Please have a seat. How are you? Thank you. How are you? Very good. In fact, I have stayed more for a longer period in Mumbai now. How long have you been? I'm here in 2003. Oh, a lot of time. So a lot of time. So Mumbai, which used to be a very distant city for me when I was young because in small towns Mumbai was so crowded all the crowded local trains so it was like a scary kind of a scenario place so I never thought that we will go to Mumbai or we will be in Mumbai it was scary but once I came here and Mumbai actually grows on you so it's like that so you get so attached and the city is fascinating thank you so much for watching this episode now you have to do three things number one is subscribe to this channel so that we have to bring you more valuable guests and we have to ask them what you want number two tell me in the comments that you have to watch which guests you want to watch so that we have to take them and ask them the questions you want and number 3 this episode must share with someone which will change in life because one conversation is enough for someone's life change I'll see you next time until then keep figuring out