Eye on AI

5 Jun 2026 · 52 min · 26 chapters

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In short

AI IPO hype and business implications; Moneypenny’s AI call/text/email agents; UK infrastructure problems (water reliability); steel tariffs/quotas between UK and EU; Netflix leadership change; brief discussion of Starlink/SpaceX and business confidence.

Guests (backgrounds)

  • Anna McDonald, investment strategy director at Hargreaves Lansdowne.
  • George Ligarious, chief economist and investment strategist at Forvis Mazars Wealth Management.
  • Jesper with Vostrup, CEO of Moneypenny (16,000 UK/US clients; 1,000 staff; AI-handled communications).
  • Gareth Stace, director general of UK Steel (trade body).
  • Brian (Madison and Wall), advertising/media consultancy CEO.
  • Also referenced: Sana Karaghani (ERA4; former UK Gov Office for AI), Eileen Burbage (Passion Capital/NFG Ventures), Lily Jamali (tech correspondent), Faisal Islam (economics editor).

Key claims & notable examples

  • Anthropic IPO “going first” risk; valuation vs margins; Claude/Claude Code and “AI agents” speeding coding from weeks to days.
  • Anthropic “Mythos” transparency with 150 companies/governments; trust/transparency as competitive advantage.
  • SpaceX IPO framed as Musk-driven FOMO; Starlink enabling in-flight connectivity.
  • Water issues: 600+ homes without supply (South East Water); hotel hired water/shower support costing ~£8,000; lack of proactive customer comms criticized.
  • Steel: EU/UK quotas from 1 July; concern about Chinese “dumping” and 47% EU import cut; steel outside many tariff-free quotas.
  • Netflix: Reed Hastings stepping down; succession planning and co-CEO model highlighted.

Written by AI. May contain mistakes. Listen to the episode to check what was said.

Chapters

Tap a time to open that second in VO

Corporate News Overview

0:00 to 1:02

A recap of corporate news, focusing on AI developments and business impacts.

“This BBC podcast is supported by ads outside the UK.”

Corporate News Overview

2:10 to 4:25

A recap of corporate news, focusing on AI developments and business impacts.

“Welcome to Wake Up To Money on Friday the 5th of June.”

Introduction of Panel Members

4:25 to 5:05

Meet the panelists and their insights on recent economic events.

“So they can make decisions, know why they should invest or why they shouldn't invest.”

Discussion on AI IPOs

5:05 to 6:06

Exploring the implications of Anthropic and SpaceX's upcoming IPOs.

“Interesting, we had a bunch of clients come to us this week saying, we expect people wanting to party loads as they watch the World Cup.”

Comparing Anthropic and SpaceX

6:06 to 8:12

Analyzing the unique attributes and market positions of Anthropic and SpaceX.

“Here's what Sana Karaghani, Chief Strategy Officer at AI company ERA4 and a former head of the UK Government Office for AI, had to say about Anthropic, first of all, kicking off that IPO race.”

Future of AI and Market Expectations

8:12 to 10:31

Examining market sentiments and expectations surrounding AI companies.

“So we're talking about revenues around 50 billion on an annual basis at the moment.”

Anthropic's Market Strategy and Ethics

10:31 to 14:00

Discussing Anthropic's approach to responsible AI deployment and competition.

“I guess George and Anna have both sort of said it.”

The Race to Responsible AI

14:00 to 14:40

Discussion on Anthropic's efforts and the importance of responsibility in AI.

“leftist lefty nut jobs or something like that.”

Building Trust in AI

14:40 to 16:40

Exploration of trust and transparency in AI technology for businesses.

“But they're trying to talk about being the responsible citizens in the rollout of AI and how to make it into something that's a force for good rather than just a race for world domination.”

Betting on Elon Musk

16:40 to 19:00

Analyzing the unique investment approach surrounding Elon Musk and SpaceX.

“And that's, you know, I'm not sure how novel this is in the history of business in the sense that there have been bets on founders and on people more so than their businesses.”
Show all 26 chapters

FOMO in Investment Decisions

19:00 to 21:40

Discussion on the fear of missing out and its impact on investors in tech.

“I think what Musk has been quite amazing at is not just in terms of the businesses that he's developed, but he has managed to change the stories when required.”

Challenges of Water Supply in Business

21:40 to 24:40

Examining the infrastructure issues affecting businesses due to water supply problems.

“I was going to say you're another traveler.”

Investing in Infrastructure

24:40 to 27:40

Discussion on what attracts investors to infrastructure projects amidst challenges.

“I mean, I can't even imagine trying to host a wedding without any water.”

Crisis Management in Companies

27:40 to 28:00

Insights into effective communication during crises for companies.

Proactive Communication in Crisis

28:00 to 28:58

Learn the importance of proactive communication with customers during crises.

“George, thanks so much for your time this morning.”

Upcoming Topics: Steel Tariffs and Netflix Changes

28:58 to 29:19

Preview of discussions on steel tariffs and the departure of Netflix's Reid Hastings.

“And we'll also be talking Netflix because Reid Hastings, one of the founders of the company, is set to leave the streaming giant.”

Upcoming Topics: Steel Tariffs and Netflix Changes

29:20 to 30:11

Preview of discussions on steel tariffs and the departure of Netflix's Reid Hastings.

“Like those$5 roses at a gas station, or a second-hand piece of technology that breaks in the first 10 minutes?”

Turning to Tariffs: Current UK-EU Relations

30:53 to 31:39

Discussion on the current status of tariffs and steel imports between the UK and EU.

“Morning, welcome back to Wake Up To Money on Friday the 5th of June.”

Understanding the Global Steel Sector

31:40 to 36:30

An in-depth look at the complexities of the global steel market and trade restrictions.

“So many steel producing nations right across the world, the US, Canada, the EU, and now the UK, we're revising our trade measures, putting in place restrictions on imports from the Far East.”

Negotiations and Impacts on Steel Prices

36:30 to 37:48

Exploration of ongoing negotiations and their potential impacts on steel pricing.

“And we've done a lot of the kind of sort of big picture, the real high level stuff of this, Gareth.”

State Ownership vs. Private Sector in Essential Services

37:48 to 38:49

Debate on the benefits and drawbacks of state ownership in essential services.

“and at what levels and which type of steel, etc.”

Economic Sentiment and Business Confidence

38:50 to 41:09

Analysis of current economic sentiment and its effect on business operations.

“I don't necessarily think that owning everything is absolutely right for government or state.”

Building Customer Loyalty in Uncertain Times

41:10 to 42:00

Strategies for fostering customer loyalty amidst economic uncertainty.

“As we were saying at the start, you go right around the UK all the time.”

Building Business Loyalty in Challenging Times

42:00 to 45:31

Learn how businesses can foster customer loyalty amidst economic uncertainty.

“How do I make sure that I drive loyalty for my business?”

The Evolution of Netflix and Its Market Strategies

45:31 to 52:49

Explore Netflix's transformation under Reed Hastings and its impact on the industry.

“figures in that space for the last couple of decades, really, Reed Hastings, officially stepping down from the board of Netflix, the company he built alongside Ted Sarandos.”

Advertising Effectiveness with LinkedIn

52:49 to 56:34

Discover how LinkedIn Ads can optimize marketing investments and improve ROI.

“But I do think that they, I mean, the share price has underperformed this year.”
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Transcript

Automatic transcript. May contain errors.

0:00This BBC podcast is supported by ads outside the UK.

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1:39Will Bain:Wake Up to Money from BBC Five Live. Hello, morning. Welcome to Wake Up to Money. The AI race is hotting up. We'll recap a big week for SpaceX and Anthropic. Tariffs are also back on the agenda. We'll talk about what changes to tariff-free quotas could mean for British Steel. And as the co-founder of Netflix leaves the company, we'll ask what it means for the future of the streaming giant. Wake Up To Money with Will Bain. Morning. Welcome to Wake Up To Money on Friday the 5th of June. Just gone five o 'clock in the morning. We're with you this morning. Great to have your company on what's been another busy week, hasn't it?

2:18Will Bain:Particularly for corporate news, which we'll be diving into with our regular Friday panel. all those news of IPOs in the AI space. But we'll also drop in on, sorry, we talked about earlier on in the week on Wake Up To Money 2, the ongoing water issues that are faced by businesses in the southeast of England and the impact that's having, and I guess kind of the wider impact of sort of crumbling infrastructure on business confidence. And yes, Reid Hastings, one of the co-founders of Netflix, obviously one of the kind of business sensations of the last few decades, is leaving. So what does that mean and what's the next chapter perhaps for the streaming giant?

2:52Will Bain:85058 as always is the text number to get in touch with us this morning 08085 909693 is the whatsapp if you've got a question or a comment for our panel as we move through the morning let's introduce you to them Anna McDonald back with us Anna the investment strategy director at Hargreaves Lansdowne morning how are you been a busy week I'm guessing yes it has and good morning Will yeah all good thank you and similarly I'm guessing for George Ligarius chief economist and investment strategist at Forvis Mazars Wealth Management. George, I'm guessing another busy week as well with all these IPO news.

3:26Never a boring day.

3:27Will Bain:Yeah, absolutely. We're going to lead off on that in a minute, so we'll keep the guys powder dry on that. But the final member of our panel this morning is here in the studio with me, Jesper with Vostrup, is with the Chief Executive of Moneypenny. Morning. Good morning. Have you had a busy week as well, even if you're not watching IPO stocks and shares? I watched IPO stocks and shares as well, but yes, I have had a busy week. You certainly were. And I know AI, obviously, a big part of your business. Just remind people a bit about Moneypenny, what you guys do, the scale of the company. Yeah, certainly.

3:53So Moneypenny handles calls, texts, emails for about 16 ,000 clients across the UK and the US. With our 1 ,000 people, PAs to sit both here in the UK and in the US. Amazing people handling all of those calls and increasingly handled by AI. So AI certainly stuff is on our agenda as well.

4:15Will Bain:Yeah, and you've got your suitcase here in the studio today because you've been right around the country as well. So you've got a good view of sort of what's going on. I guess kind of business confidence right around the UK at the moment. Yeah, absolutely. I mean, I think, as I've said in previous sort of iterations of this, people just want stability, right? So they can make decisions, know why they should invest or why they shouldn't invest. And that's certainly what we continue to hear. But for us, that's great. We see lots of business coming to us for clients that want more flexibility and really value the relationships that they have with their clients, their customers.

4:48And we're honored to take care of them.

4:51Will Bain:And what about business at the moment in general then? How's it going for Moneypenny? Yeah, Moneypenny is doing incredibly well. We took our AI agents into commercial launch in October last year and we've continued to see demand for those. Interesting, we had a bunch of clients come to us this week saying, we expect people wanting to party loads as they watch the World Cup. And can we use some of that technology to handle when they call in ill afterwards? So a little bit positive, a little bit negative. But no, listen, I mean, business is good. Growth, for all the reasons I just mentioned, people would love to sort of get some more stability.

5:30Will Bain:Yeah, well, let's get right into that. And we'll come back to your AI agents as well then in this chat. I think, too, because the AI race has been the one dominating the week, hasn't it? Anthropic, when I was last with you guys on the program, I think on Tuesday, had just announced overnight that they were going to list their shares on Wall Street. And then we had that firm up from SpaceX, Elon Musk company, rocket company, but also holds his AI part of his business within that holding company, too, talking about a$1.8 trillion valuation when it lists its shares on Wall Street, perhaps in the next couple of weeks, which would make it the largest initial public offering in history.

6:06Will Bain:Here's what Sana Karaghani, Chief Strategy Officer at AI company ERA4 and a former head of the UK Government Office for AI, had to say about Anthropic, first of all, kicking off that IPO race. I think the key here will be that going first also carries a bit of a risk, right? Because if things don't go exactly as you planned, or if the expectations of the capital markets aren't met, then you're leaving the door open. And Eileen Burbage, founding partner of the tech investor Passion Capital, now with NFG Ventures, also gave us her views more about SpaceX's IPO. The positioning of the company is that they would like to democratise access and give the retail investors who have long supported or followed Elon Musk access to the opportunity.

6:52But I think a more cynical view would be, given that the company is aiming to raise almost double the amount of money that was raised in all of the US public offerings of 2025 combined that they need to actually open up access to as many channels as possible in order to raise the amount they're aiming for.

7:11Will Bain:I'm going to throw this out like a sort of choose your own adventure this morning. You tell us and the listeners which one were you most interested in most excited about and why i i they're both pretty different companies um so we've got um spacex which is not just the rockets it's starlink it's um their x ai business which includes grok and x formerly known as twitter so that's that's quite this is this this is a company that's you know literally is sending sending rockets into space and putting satellites up there and enabling enabling, you know, potentially to have data centers on other planets, you know.

7:56So we are talking some pretty, it's a very ambitious company and a lot of ambition and excitement in that. Whereas Anthropic, it is growing remarkably fast. I don't think I've ever seen a company deliver the amount of growth that it has. So we're talking about revenues around 50 billion on an annual basis at the moment. Last year, that was 10 billion. And so we're talking about five, growing at about 500 percent in revenues just over the last year. And a valuation that, according to the market, has tripled in the last 12 weeks from about 325 billion to nearly a trillion in valuation. But Anthropic really is winning customers.

8:40It's winning about 70 percent of all enterprise, so company contracts that it's going for. and it has really gained quite significant ground. So they're two quite different companies and I think that they need to be treated quite differently and I probably would take exception. I don't know if going first carries a risk because I think these two companies are really very different.

9:08Will Bain:Interesting. George, what was your kind of take? Well, okay, so we have this AI trope that's been going on since Chad GPT spoke to us in 2022. And, you know, we had the hype for four years, and now that's about to have contact with the enemy, which is markets. My issue with Anthropic is that, so it has a suggested valuation of$1.2 trillion and maybe top-line earnings of$30 billion. at best at the very best margin one could imagine 56 which is what the video has a commanding margin you still get a valuation of 72 times earnings half that the uh the margin for um the average magnificent seven 26 you get a valuation of 150 times earnings and that's generous earnings and still very generous margins.

10:07So people will buy on hope. People will buy on the belief that the next person will buy as well. The question is, how long can they keep buying hope? These companies will have to deliver.

10:22Will Bain:And I guess also buying because of the pattern the last few years, just from a pure stocks and shares perspective, that these companies have performed so well. Jesper, your takeaway? I guess George and Anna have both sort of said it. I guess when I'm listening to George saying now there's hype, there's delivery, I guess we've heard that before from other tech businesses, I think sort of back 20 years or 25 years that happened as well. And there's lots of things that are super exciting about these companies. And I think more and more people are using products and tools from those companies every single day.

10:58Will Bain:Let's do Anthropic first because Anna's kind of sort of ended with them. and we'll loop back around to SpaceX again if we can then. From someone who works kind of really closely in the industry and got your own AI agents, as you were saying, what is it that they do that from perhaps an industry perspective you think is impressive? Our AI agents or Anthropics. Sorry, Anthropics. Yeah, listen, Anthropics has fundamentally changed how many businesses do coding now. We code with Anthropics, Claude Engine for Claude Code. It's changing how fast we can crack out code and therefore get better experiences out to our clients and their customers.

11:36What that means for us is our AI agents, before it might have taken us weeks to do the feature, now it will take us days to get that feature and pushing it through to live.

11:47Will Bain:George, is that the bet, actually, that the utility, is there any kind of scratch the surface with it so far? Yes, yes, yes, exactly. That's exactly it. That's exactly it. and that sort of is what the worth it the sort of bit for why people are perhaps betting on that future growth on it um and i think you touched on it in your first answer there as well the sort of security issues and we heard um certainly we spoke to sarah karaghani asana karaghani more about that as well this sort of bet that i suppose anthropic has made up we were talking to lily jamali i north america technology correspondent on the program earlier in the week lily saying everywhere around her in Silicon Valley, billboards everywhere from Anthropic, talking about how much safer they are than their competitors in their minds and all that kind of stuff.

12:34Will Bain:We've seen them on Dario Amadei, one of the founders, on a bit of a tour of Europe going to various governments. Hasn't he been here in London as well? Talking about that, saying that they're open with sharing. Is that a business advantage, do you think? Sort of getting in front of the regulators before they get in front of you? I think absolutely it is. And when we talk about Mythos, which is, you know, they're even more powerful AI tools that they are allowing 150 companies and governments to look at before they, you know, before they release it. so that the systems of the biggest enterprises and the biggest governments can be protected in a way and they can protect themselves and build up the structures they need in order not to allow AI to unleash what could be very problematic issues around cybersecurity and lots of different factors.

13:29So by trying to, I think, be a good citizen, Anthropic is trying to, I think, steal a march on others and show itself to be a responsible citizen in that kind of respect. They have got themselves into trouble in the US regarding when they tried to lay out the US government. Working with the Defence Department, wasn't it? Yeah, with the Defence Department, yes. and and then that caused quite a few issues and I think the that President Trump called them leftist lefty nut jobs or something like that. Woke leftist nut jobs I believe yeah he's always got away with words. He's got away with words and so I think that you so Anthropic are trying to portray themselves as the good as the good citizen and I do know that they are they consider this a very important race to win they call it the race to the top Dari Amadei and his colleagues and And I think they think that there is, I think he's put a risk in his mind that 25, 25 % risk that AI could lead to some pretty awful consequences for humanity.

14:36So I think that they are trying. And yes, perhaps this is just a commercial sort of advantage as well. But they're trying to talk about being the responsible citizens in the rollout of AI and how to make it into something that's a force for good rather than just a race for world domination.

14:54Will Bain:Yeah, and one of the co-founders, Jack Clark, who's British actually, was on Newsnight last night speaking to our economics editor, Faisal Islam. So you can watch that. I can see the clip on the BBC website at the moment. Jasper. Yeah, I was just going to say, I mean, that is the real thing that we hear from lots of small businesses as well. Like, how can I trust this? When do I put it in? So that piece around gaining trust through transparency, I think is incredibly important. Well, with your agents, do you do a bit of that work when you go and see companies if they want to kind of use it? Oh, they can use it.

15:24They can test it. They can get below the hoods. I mean, what we found is less the case now, but early days, lots of AI agents was hallucinating, right? So we had to build what we now file patents for guardrails around the agent to make sure that it didn't damage people, Brian. It didn't start talking about something inappropriate. But that was less my point. My point was more, I think, for this to sort of go real mainstream and get real trust, you have to get beyond the point. When you're about to drop some information, a spreadsheet of your financials into a cloud or something like that, you need to trust it.

15:58And I think those who can create that transparency and trust and build really deep trust in the tools will probably win.

16:08Will Bain:Will actually be the winners. George, bring us back around to SpaceX again then. As Anna says, AI, only one bit of their business. They've also got the rocket business within there that people will have seen and know about, too. How much of this, though, do you think is a bet on Elon Musk himself? Well, bundling an AI search engine and AI with space, that's a novelty that I don't think will ever be repeated in the history of business. Okay, so yes, of course, we're betting on Elon Musk and Tesla trading at, you know, exorbitant valuations was also a bet on Elon Musk. And that's, you know, I'm not sure how novel this is in the history of business in the sense that there have been bets on founders and on people more so than their businesses.

17:01But, you know, Elon Musk is this unique personality. and I don't know, I'm an investor. I like to bet on numbers. I'd like to bet on clean business models, models that I understand. You know, betting on a cult of personality can be a little bit dangerous.

17:18Will Bain:And on the numbers, they need, I mean, they are projecting within this IPO perspective, aren't they? Extraordinary growth. Yes. At 130, sorry, they are projecting, first of all, the biggest IPO in history, more than Saudi Aramco's. And they are projecting 1.77 trillion of company valuation. This is, again, this is extraordinary. And we just need to see if the numbers back it up. I haven't been into, I haven't really looked into space technology. You know, NASA is not listed. uh so we don't really know uh what we should expect when we see annual reports and balance sheets and and all that i know it's it's boring you know and i know people would like to to invest on stories they love investing on stories uh but long-term investment is about the boring balance sheets anna i think it's interesting this is a great piece i think it was in the ft earlier this week where lots of people in the city lots of investors on wall street saying there's a sort of FOMO element to this, a bit like George has said, that Tesla's share price, it sort of almost hasn't mattered to a point what has gone on at the company.

18:39Will Bain:The share price has continued to rise, and it's got fans almost rather than investors, and that people are worried that even if they've got questions like George has about how quite this business hangs together, they don't really want to miss out on a share price that could go to the moon. Or Mars and beyond. With data centres on board. Yes, I mean, I think particularly, yes, you could understand why people do worry about FOMO. I think what Musk has been quite amazing at is not just in terms of the businesses that he's developed, but he has managed to change the stories when required. So Tesla used to be a used to be a car company that we thought about.

19:22But actually, they're falling. Their sales are falling behind the Chinese rivals. But now it's more of an AI company and he's managed to pivot the sort of language around it. So, you know, actually the biggest source of of of of of revenues in in in in in SpaceX is going to be for the moment. It's still going to carry on being Starlink, which is, you know, a pretty amazing network of of satellite provision. But it isn't yet going to be the AI that he's he's hoping he's hoping to develop. So, yes, we I mean, my friend, we understand that this is a that the clients, you know, may want to participate.

20:03But again and again, we are talking about, you know, this is just if this is going to be your first touch of about investing, please, you know, come come for the SpaceX, but stay for a diversified portfolio. It sounds very boring. But, you know, if you do want to play this, it should really be part of a much bigger portfolio of investment. So, you know, we would never advise clients just put all their eggs in one basket. It sounds a bit dull, but, you know, that's how we think about it.

20:29Will Bain:That's an important point, isn't it? It's good news that perhaps people who haven't invested before, yes, but we'll get excited. I mean, that's the point, right? Get excited about some of these and hear them in the news. But having that sort of spread and going to people for proper professional advice on it. More people investing is great, right? I think if we compare ourselves to the US, there's still a lot less people investing here. and if there's more education about how investment happens, that would be great. I agree with Anna. Probably a more diversified portfolio than just those companies is probably less risky.

21:00That said, Starlink. Bring Starlink on more planes. Yeah, you're on that.

21:05Will Bain:Because who were they having a huge round with? Ryanair, wasn't it? And Michael O 'Leary falling out about them not putting on their planes. But you reckon... I've been on a couple of planes recently where it's been enabled and it's like better than Mobile Signal in central London. So I'll vote for that. Is that a good thing? Do you want someone on the phone all the time behind you? No, apparently British Airways is allowing people to do phone calls on it with other airlines or not. I prefer that. But actually being able to upload a document, a download, and work while you're on the plane, great.

21:36Or you can choose to just be on Instagram if you want.

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21:39Will Bain:I know. What do we think about that quickly before we go to the weather? Anna, more Wi-Fi on planes? I quite like the idea. I was on a plane quite late last night. I was going to say you're another traveler. I quite like the idea of not being able to do anything. But no, I can see that it's quite useful. I mean, I think actually, I was thinking yesterday when I was in London and I thought, goodness me, we're talking about SpaceX and Starlink, whereas I can't actually even get a tube to somewhere because there's a strike on. I think, yeah, the real world came clashing rather quickly together against the S1 filing.

22:17Will Bain:And also anybody who's walked through the city of London, you can't get Wi-Fi signal there either, or mobile phone signal. George, Wi-Fi on planes? I'm with the other panelists on this. I'd rather read the book. Yeah, exactly. I'd rather have an excuse not to work on the plane. Exactly. Don't give me the opportunity. And more importantly, don't give someone else the opportunity to stream their music loudly. George can download a new book. Now, as you might have heard with us earlier in the week, two water companies have been in the news. First up was South East Water, who said that there was still more than 600 homes without supply last weekend.

22:52Will Bain:We've heard from a hotel who were paying the price. Last weekend, bank holiday afterwards with the half term, we saw a massive drop of income coming into the town. And that's affected shops, it's affected retail, hotels, restaurants. Up here at the Crescent Turner, we've had two back to back weddings. I would like to see somebody come and try and operate two weddings with no water. We've had to hire in our own water pillow. We've had to hire in our own showers that has come at a cost of about£8 ,000. You know, we can't pass that on to our guests. We've put our insurers on notice. But why should we have to pay via our insurance where our premiums will be hit?

23:37Will Bain:Sean also heard from Jim Wright from Premier Might. and he's been investing in water stocks for 25 plus years. And Jim told us about how water companies take on the impact of these fines. Water companies are mandated by the regulator and will be mandated by the new and hopefully better regulator to invest certain amounts and charge certain amounts. So, you know, it is controlled by the regulator, both what they can invest and what they can charge. Anna, all of us, Sarah Simmons, by the way, who we heard the operations manager at the Crescent Turner Hotel in Whitstable there, all of the other panellists here in the studio, had their head in their hands of what Sarah was trying to deal with, I think, with that.

24:18Will Bain:Anna, does it speak to a kind of wider, a bit like you were joking about a minute ago, really, with strikes and things as well, this sort of infrastructure that can't be relied upon, it feels like, for a lot of our businesses? Yeah, I mean, it's deeply depressing, isn't it? I mean, these water companies were originally floated pretty well invested and debt free And now we've got water companies that have underinvested infrastructure. They're highly indebted. And the customers are really suffering. And this is customers. I mean, I can't even imagine trying to host a wedding without any water. I mean, that's just it's dreadful.

24:54I think that it just doesn't feel like it's getting any better, which must be just hugely frustrating for those companies in the southeast.

25:04Will Bain:How difficult, challenging, Jasper, is it as a business leader? Infrastructure kind of full stop in the UK, I guess, at the moment. I'm guessing water, perhaps not necessarily if you've not been directly impacted with it, but just the lack of reliability. I think it's reliability. It's also availability. I mean, if I think about how we have our people in Wrexham, they all drive in. Why do they drive into the office? Because there are no real reliable public transport. So if we got more buses on, if they were reliable, people could get in, that would be a big sort of tick up and make more people probably take the chance to start working instead of maybe finding a job where they were sitting at home or not working.

25:47So I think as it relates to water, I mean, what do customers want? They want a reliable supply and clear communications when things go wrong. And it sounds like that hasn't really worked out very well for this area.

25:59Will Bain:Let's come to the comms because I think that's really interesting as well. But, George, the government set out, was it last summer or the summer before, a kind of infrastructure plan, a pipeline of projects that included, you know, things like Heathrow expansion, Lower Thames crossing, lots of kind of projects about dams and reservoirs and things like that as well. What is it that gets investors into that, I suppose? What would entice them into that? Because it sounds like that investment is needed more than ever. Yes. Just as a caveat, I live in Athens, a city of Enten ruins. So yes, let me comment on the infrastructure of an empire very confidently.

26:35So what gets investors invested in infrastructure? Obviously, they do need to know that the government is behind it. They do need to know that the balance sheets are clean and good. I keep coming back to that because that's what investment is really about. It's numbers and balance sheets and income statements. But in fact, there is the nature of the problem. So keep in mind that since 1989, those water companies have paid out 85 billion shareholder dividends. And balance sheets were loaded with debt, about 60 billion worth of debt. So investors like the dividends and investors like the payback of their investment.

27:21but the question is private investors that is but the question is is this compatible with good infrastructure projects okay that's where the balance must be struck it's going to be a

27:33Will Bain:very delicate one comes in the same week as well that southeast issues that southwest water find 1.8 million pounds over a parasite outbreak in the brixham devon area new water regulator on the way we know from the government that supposedly to have more powers than your teeth doesn't sound like it can come quickly enough really just on the comps then yes but when something's going wrong in a company as the chief exec what what are your sort of rules i suppose i think it's less about rules more about principles of um when things go wrong what you want to do is to speak to your customers and tell them what you're doing about it um what why is that important for them right now they want to understand what's going on you might not be able to tell them everything you won't have the answers to everything but as long as they get out there in front tell people what's going on and continue that proactive communications flow and certainly from what sarah was telling us at the hotel in winstable she hadn't heard at all from her water company through that can't imagine that situation she must have it must have been horrible for her yeah it's sounding do go back on the wake up to money podcast you can skim back and hear sarah's interview in the second half of the programme on Tuesday.

28:45Will Bain:George, thanks so much for your time this morning. Always really appreciate it. Thank you very much. George Ligarius, the Chief Economist and Investment Strategist at Forvis Mazar Wealth Management. Plenty more from Anna and Jesper in the second half of the programme. We're going to be talking steel. Tariffs are back in the news. We're trying to explain how and why. And we'll also be talking Netflix because Reid Hastings, one of the founders of the company, is set to leave the streaming giant. So we'll ask whether that matters and what the next chapter might hold for it. Ever invest in something that seemed incredible at first, but didn't live up to the hype?

29:20Like those$5 roses at a gas station, or a second-hand piece of technology that breaks in the first 10 minutes? Marketers know that feeling. We optimize for the numbers that look great, impressions, reach, and reacts. But when they don't show revenue, well, that's a not-so-great conversation with the CFO. LinkedIn has a word for that. Bull spend Now you can invest in what looks good to your CFO LinkedIn ads generates the highest ROAS of all major ad networks You'll reach the right buyers because you can target by company, industry, job title and more So cut the bull spend Advertise on LinkedIn The network that works for you Spend$250 on your first campaign on LinkedIn ads and get a$250 credit for the next one Just go to linkedin.com slash broadcast.

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30:49Will Bain:Wake Up To Money with Will Bain. Morning, welcome back to Wake Up To Money on Friday the 5th of June. Jesper with Folkstrop, the Chief Executive of Moneypenny, is here in the studio with me, Adam MacDonald, Investment Strategy Director at Hargreaves Lansdowne. author with us this morning 85058 to get in touch on the text 08085 909693 is the WhatsApp I can see as always a few of your texts are coming in about what's been going on with our water infrastructure always a topic I know that gets people going we're going to turn though to tariffs but not been in the news quite as much this year haven't they perhaps shunted off the front pages on the front of the business pages a little bit by the impact of the ongoing war in Iran but the UK business secretary is in brussels today as britain and the eu seem to be clashing over new limits on well basically how much steel they can import from each other without facing tariffs gareth states is the director general of the trade body uk steel and joins us now gareth morning good morning so so what is at the center of this just trying to explain because it's slightly complicated isn't it it is really complicated um but it's the global steel sector free trade in the global steel sector is dead.

31:59So many steel producing nations right across the world, the US, Canada, the EU, and now the UK, we're revising our trade measures, putting in place restrictions on imports from the Far East. That's where the problem lies. You know, China makes a billion tons of steel a year, half of the world's steel, but it exports because its economy can't take all of that. It exports 120 million tonnes a year. We only make two and a half million tonnes in the UK, so 120 million tonnes a year looking for a home, and it often gets dumped on our shores. So what we need to do is protect ourselves. And what I would say is the last government to put robust trade measures in place will be the first government to lose its steel industry.

32:46So that is what Trade Secretary Peter Kyle is going to see the Trade Commissioner Sefik Sekevich today about, is to say, hey, look, we're friends. We trade perfectly well together. But the problem that we both face is dumped state-supported, state-subsidized, state-controlled steel from the Far East coming onto our market and ruining our steel sector. We could be as efficient as we would like to be, but we would still be always undercut. And therefore, the EU is 80 % of our exports. It's a hugely important market for us. They actually export into our market double the amount of steel that we send to them.

33:31So we're an important market to them. So I'm hoping the message today is we're in this together. Let's work together. give each other free allocation to and from, and let's actually tackle the pipeline.

33:44Will Bain:How has it got to that then? Because it does seem to have spilt into quite a bitter row between these two sides, when, as you say, all the measures, and we've got new measures here in the UK, supposedly coming in in July, right, aren't they? They're basically aimed at keeping out some of that Chinese dumping that you were talking about, exactly the same with the EU measures that they're proposing. So how has it become a row between the two? I think it's what's called negotiations. And therefore, these negotiations are ongoing. I know there was discussions in Geneva yesterday. And as you said, today, it's all about there is only a certain amount of allocation that the UK can give for those imports and the EU the same.

34:27And so it's just about that negotiation of finding that right level. You know, we used to export or we have historically 1.7 million tons into the EU. And as I said, they export back to us 3.6 million tons. We need imports into our economy. We can't, as the UK steel industry, we can't make all of the steel our economy needs. So therefore we want imports, but we want them from free, fair and healthy trade from economies like the EU and the US and Canada.

34:57Will Bain:Is it complicated? Are the issues complicated around other trade deals that we have done or are trying to do as the UK around the world? I'm thinking in particular this has been at the centre of a hold up, hasn't it? Issues about steel quotas. Again, when we're talking about quotas, we're talking about how much can come in without tariffs. Around the trade deal we've got with India, for example, is that the concern here? That fine, if we could strike a deal with the EU, but the EU is then wondering, well, hang on a minute. Is there going to be loads more steel coming from all these other places that Britain's gone off and done post-Brexit trade deals with?

35:29Well, what we always find is that steel actually does often sit kind of outside and alongside those trade deals. It's usually not part of it. Steel normally carries zero tariffs. It's outside of that tariff-free quota, you know, free trade agreement section. So really what it's about today, I think, is the UK has built up these import quotas that they're going to come into force on the 1st of July from a bottom-up approach, looking at like 20 to 30 different steel categories. And it's worked out what our economy needs, what we can make, and therefore what imports we need. Whereas the EU has just said we're going to cut imports by 47%.

36:12And so therefore, I think the difficulty is working out with the European Commission how we as the UK can fit into that 40 % reduction. And as I said, I think it's about saying, come on, we're in this together. We're fighting a different enemy. We're not your enemy. So let's give each other favorable terms within what for the EU is quite tight framework.

36:35Will Bain:And we've done a lot of the kind of sort of big picture, the real high level stuff of this, Gareth. Bring it right in. And what does it mean potentially for prices, materials, you know, for construction, etc., if something isn't agreed? If something isn't agreed, this would be, and I'm not even understating this, this would be devastating for the steel industry. As I've just said, you know, we export 80 percent. 80 percent of our exports go to the EU, but half of what we make is exported. and therefore if that market was really closed off to us, if we couldn't get a deal, then we would certainly see further job losses in the steel industry and therefore today is a really important day for us.

37:19I was going to say, we're rushing away, aren't we?

37:21Will Bain:Because it's less than a month now. 1st of July is meant to be our changes. I know the EU ones are sort of a similar timeframe as well. This is quick now then. Yeah, they both will come into force on the 1st of July. To me, that's come what may. The UK will publish its final import numbers. They're already out for consultation since March. The UK will publish its final import numbers, I think, before the 1st of July. But the EU actually has this strange rule that they can come into force, but they might have up to two weeks before they publish their numbers of who can import into the EU and at what levels and which type of steel, etc.

37:57And therefore, again, that makes the negotiations much more difficult

38:01Will Bain:because you're operating on a slightly different time frame. Well, we will see how those negotiations go today. Gareth, thanks so much for speaking to us. Always appreciate your time. Thank you. Gareth Stace there, the Director-General of UK Steel. As I mentioned, lots of your texts coming in on water in particular. Ciarán in Belfast, water privatisation has been an unmitigated disaster, nationalised now because infrastructure is what we pay taxes for, back to basics required, yet the political class epically fail us yet again and Francis also on 85058. I'm afraid privatization failed for water and trains.

38:36Will Bain:It's in the process of failing for energy. National infrastructure needs to be owned by us. Is that the panacea? Always, I mean, you work right around the world. What do you think about state ownership of, do you have a particularly strong view one way or another? I'm probably deep down a capitalist. I don't necessarily think that owning everything is absolutely right for government or state. That said, if we think about what we talked about today, something that's so essential is water. I mean, you don't live very long if you don't have water to drink. And people want to go out and enjoy the nature and swim in waters and stuff like that.

39:13If we can put guardrails around it and there's an efficient way of private also being involved with that, great. Otherwise, it's probably something that's so close to human beings living that should be available for everyone. Yeah.

39:27Will Bain:And tariffs, the kind of really unwanted knock at the door for the global economy and the UK economy suddenly booming around again. Not just this argument that we've just heard Gareth outline around steel, but obviously President Trump, as Sean was talking about earlier in the week as well, sort of trying to find new ways, it seems, to bring tariffs themselves back again. Yeah, I mean, I would actually take this back to thinking about what. So we've got Chinese. The Chinese do subsidize a lot of their own steel production. And in effect, we do the very opposite by there are such we suffer such punitive energy costs in the UK that it makes it very, very difficult to produce competitively.

40:11for many of these sort of great industries of, you know, we do know that steel, I'm looking on the UK government website, you know, they talk about how important steel is to the, it's, you know, it's core to national infrastructure and defence. And so in order to really encourage it, we should be encouraging production of it. And energy is a huge component of that. And frankly, that's not happening. And it hasn't happened for years, encouraging cheaper production of energy. So I think that would go a long way to help.

40:47Will Bain:Yeah, high energy costs have been a massive impact, hasn't it, on British industry, British job, British competitiveness. We chatted about it right at the start of the programme, yes, but this sense of confidence, without being too sloppy and offhand about this, the sort of vibes, I guess, in the UK economy at the moment. We're going to get some more data from the British Retail Consortium about what they call footfall, So how many people are going out and about to the shops at the moment? As we were saying at the start, you go right around the UK all the time. What's the mood at the moment, would you say?

41:15I think it's probably one of controlled optimism is probably good. I think people are trying to sort of – I'm a pretty optimistic person, I think. I think a lot of people are sort of like, yeah, we want to be optimistic, but this is hard, right? I mean, it's costing me more to operate my business. There's more sort of things that I have to do. and stuff like uncertainty that we just heard about sort of in steel. I mean, in anything, uncertainty that comes down, if I don't know what to expect tomorrow, why would I take a risk? That's a lot what we hear. So therefore, why people speak to us about it is, well, how can I make sure that I don't lose a lead?

41:57If I generate a lead, how do I make sure that we're there for them? How do I make sure that I drive loyalty for my business? So people are almost getting the fortress walls up instead of sort of making sure they're building new ground right now. And we need to create the base for people to build ground.

42:15Will Bain:How do you do that, the sort of the building loyalty part? That's an interesting thought. So what we do, of course, is if at core what we do is answer our phone. So if you as a customer are calling a business and you're trying to place a repeat order or handle an issue that might not have gone totally right, then we answer that call. And instead of people having businesses, having people employed to do that, we can create that with flexibility and we can make sure that we do it faster than probably what a business does. So that in itself creates trust with the business and that generates loyalty.

42:51Will Bain:Anna, you two are always in all sort of corners of the country. What's your kind of sense, I guess, of that word vibes as well at the moment? People's kind of mood, people's confidence. Gosh, it's hard, isn't it? I mean, I think that I've been reflecting. It's 10 years since Brexit. And I'm just thinking about how much we've all been has been thrown at us all since then. You know, we've had if you think about the pandemic, if you think about the invasion of Ukraine, if you think about all that's happened around energy costs. And really, frankly, there's quite a lot of political upheaval still.

43:28And I think that people have had to deal with an awful lot. And I think that is bound to affect people's confidence. But I think the other way to think about it is, you know,

43:42we've actually got a great country, we've got an exciting summer to come with the World Cup. and you know there's lots of things to to feel positive about and um until both the teams crash

43:55Will Bain:out in the group phases when we need to be positive like come on well like bring on yes i was thinking about how well we if you think about it we um i've always i always have a wry smile when i look at um confidence indicators um and they get published and um the if you just on the same measure I always find it quite amusing how how Americans even even in in the depths of recession or tariff crises will always be more positive than we are in the UK and sometimes I just think come on you know it's not that bad letting that handbrake off as Jesper said and yeah yeah I'll caveat them my own misery too it's almost impossible to get knocked out in the group phases at this World Cup because it's so big and so enlarged and so many teams go through in the group phases.

44:44Will Bain:So maybe we've got that. And actually, jokes apart, yes, but it can be a big boom, can't it? Things like the World Cup, we know. The spending goes through the roof, actually. And actually, from a pure economic perspective, it can often be very good news. And it's an opportunity for everybody to be happy, right? To be positive, for businesses to create cultures that allow people to watch the matches and be a little bit flexible and don't have them necessarily work the normal shift patterns and stuff. That happy people in a great culture means that growth will also be easier, right? And to your joke earlier, though, it'd be interesting to see some of these games kick off very late at night, whether your phone answering system is answering a few calls first thing in the morning.

45:23They may be, but let's get ahead of it and make sure there's flexibility for all those people.

45:28Will Bain:Well, let's stay in the world of kind of TV and entertainment, because one of the biggest figures in that space for the last couple of decades, really, Reed Hastings, officially stepping down from the board of Netflix, the company he built alongside Ted Sarandos. and Greg Peters and Brian Weiser joins us. Brian, the chief exec at the advertising and media consultancy, Madison and Wall out in the States. Brian, great to have you back on the program. Thanks for being with us. Thanks for having me. So what is this then? Is it just a natural kind of end, I suppose? Feels like he's done everything there or is there anything more to it?

45:59Yeah, well, I think it's a pretty class act to get out of the way when you've already made it clear that you want to let someone else run the company. I mean, I think it's a pretty natural evolution, But I think a lot of people in that position hang on for far too long, well beyond when they should be around.

46:16Will Bain:That's an interesting thought. Jesper, as kind of leaders hanging around too long, how getting the right, getting the succession planning right. Not that I'm trying to get you out of your job, but just in your previous point in your career. Let me know. I think you know when you've been doing something for a little bit too long or maybe it's coming up to that point. And I can certainly think of roles where I felt a little bit too comfortable and you need to push yourself afterwards. And I think that succession planning is really important for that. Making sure people have side projects that you stretch people in a different way is important for people to be excited about staying with the business and continuing to deliver value both for the business, for themselves and for those people around them.

47:00Yeah.

47:00Will Bain:And certainly to that point, Brian, certainly Ted Sarandos had stepped forward a lot more as a more kind of conventional CEO, didn't he? And Reed Hastings had taken more of a backseat, certainly from a sort of media facing perspective in the last, certainly in the time that I've been doing this job, 10 years or so. Yeah, well, I think that they made a very natural transition. And again, it's just illustrative of how well-run that company I think Netflix has been, which is among the reasons why they have done as well as they've done commercially and from consumer perspectives, because they've been very thoughtful about all of these steps.

47:33Let's also emphasize that it's not just Sarandos. This co-CEO arrangement has worked shockingly well. And whether it's a testament to the individuals or the process or whatever, it is a co-CEO-ship. and we shouldn't forget that.

47:48Will Bain:Anna, amazing the kind of journey of this company in Reed Hastings' time to 29 years. I mean, I think we're all old enough to remember when this was a company that was sending you DVDs in the post. And there will be some of our listeners who don't even know what one of those is. I know. I used to, I used to, I think it was, it bought Love Film in the UK. Yes. I used to have Love Film and I used to be excited about the DVDs because it meant you didn't have to go down to sort of, you didn't, you were less likely to be late and incurring late fines on sending your DVDs back. Yes, it's a whole new world for our younger listeners that you couldn't actually just go online and select something.

48:27I mean, it's been a pretty phenomenal story, Netflix. And I mean, recently the share price has not performed as well and they are finding some difficulties in competing with YouTube, particularly with younger listeners. But if you think about how transformational it's been for the industry to have Netflix and how, you know, we didn't have box sets and watch whole seasons of things. We called things series and we waited for them to come out on television. So, you know, it has been a transformational force in the entertainment industry, as it were. And I think he's been a big part of that. And the way he's been quite a sort of maverick, he talks about, you know, he was very much, I suppose, at the beginning of that move fast and break things type thing.

49:15You know, he talks, you know, for innovative companies, they should run apparently on the edge of chaos. So, you know, he's been, you know, he really did. He did really change the way investors and the stalwarts thought, you know, the originals who are providing all those media companies. He really did shake it up. I also think that the transformation from being a distributor from the DVDs into streaming, they're now putting money into creating real good quality creative work. And I think more of that, like Anna's comment about, yes, YouTube might be performing differently. That's a different sort of content form.

49:54It's short form. It's maybe more user generated, although there's more and more professional on YouTube too. But I think seeing how Netflix has managed to produce really good TV movie shows and get followings from that has been great. And what's not to like about money going into creating great creative as well.

50:16Will Bain:Brian, as somebody who watches that closely, how do they do it and how they got it right when others, you know, legacy players, as they're called, perhaps haven't got that right? Well, I mean, at a high level, they've actually invested in content. What a crazy idea. I think all of us here could randomly throw a billion pounds against a wall and something would stick randomly. Now, you increase that one billion pounds to 1.2 billion, 20 % more will stick. And if you keep doing that, keep doing that, keep doing that, when others are holding the line or cutting. I mean, it was baffling when ITV would say, oh, we can't possibly spend 50 million pounds on BritBox.

50:56That's ludicrous. It's such a shame that English language content doesn't play well around the world. That's a joke. The fact is that they gave up, every other major media company on earth gave up on this opportunity or failed, other than Disney, you could argue at the present time, failed to capitalize on this opportunity. They failed to invest. They failed to recognize that they had a global opportunity. Netflix invested against content. They continually grew their spend to the point where it is now, what,$17 billion? And it will continue to rise. And if others hold the line, and more importantly, others are focusing, especially in the United States, but also in other markets where they've committed so much to sports rights, which is not unimportant, but it's critical to supporting their affiliate fees and other forms of revenue.

51:45They're overcommitted to content that won't produce growth in viewership. And meanwhile, Netflix just continues to invest against the gourmet cheeseburgers, as they call it, that continue to drive a lot of viewership.

52:00Will Bain:And revenue up again in their most recent results. Brian, do you think they sort of dodged a bullet a little bit getting out of the Warner Brothers bidding war? Is that still to be decided? Generally, yes. I don't doubt that they would have done well with it if they did end up with Warner Brothers or at least with the studio. I think they're smart enough operators. Actually, I pushed back on the comment about chaos earlier, running on the edge of chaos. I think they've just been a very incredibly well-run, efficient machine. The challenge is that this would have pushed them in ways that they haven't been pushed before.

52:34So it added risk, which is maybe the important point. So yes, in a sense, they did dodge a bullet. I think they're fine if they continue to invest against content. they continue to be open-minded to their business models and how they're approaching things i think they'll continue to do well anna those challenges ahead um no i think i think they they they i mean the the the the outlook is always changing and i do i do wonder i mean i know that youtube is a little bit of a different uh can be short form form um content as opposed to what we are used to from Netflix. But I do think that they, I mean, the share price has underperformed this year.

53:20It's not done so well. I think that that could have been concerns about potential overpaying for Paramount Skydance, but they haven't, sorry, Warner Brothers that Paramount Skydance bought. But I think that it is finally seems that there has been a bit more of an established competition from Google who owns YouTube. So, I mean, I think it's still a phenomenal brand and a phenomenal company, but it has got challenges ahead.

53:49Will Bain:And where's the next big area, Brian, in the kind of 30 seconds or so we've got less? Is it sports? Is that where they move to next? There's definitely a place, although I would argue that they really aren't competing with YouTube at all. I think they are only competing with YouTube in the same way they're competing with sleep. It's very much on the margins. Same as the way that they think that they're competing with video games. Well, as I say, this was Ted Sarandos' argument, though, wasn't it, in court when he went to Capitol Hill and spoke to those senators, competing with sleep, competing with YouTube, competing to anything that gets our attention.

54:19Yeah, on the margins, all of those things is true. But realistically, no, it is long-form content they're competing with. And as long as they continue to invest when others do not, they'll actually be fine.

54:28Will Bain:Well, Brian, thanks so much for your time as always. Really appreciate it. Brian Weiser there the Chief Executive of the Advertising and Media Consultancy Madison and Ward big thanks too to Anna MacDonald from Hargreaves Lansdown and yes but with Folkstrup from Moneypenny who's been here in the studio with me this morning and of course big thanks to all of you for listening to Wake Up To Money Wake Up To Money with Will Bain So much sport today and all the goals as they go in up and down the league This is 5 Live Sports It's all ice and the lights and foot to the floor. To ball him. It's not to stop out.

55:05Everyone's standing around the 18th green. Overhead kick. That is sensational. He shows to the centre. And they're going to do it. Oh, the right hand and the former champion is down. It's an extraordinary start. They've got all the show for us tonight.

55:19Will Bain:He gets on his knees and kisses the turf. Five Live Sports. The home of the world's greatest sporting events. Just in the full time with them. Listen on BBC Sounds.

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56:21So cut the bullspend. Advertise on LinkedIn. The network that works for you. Spend$250 on your first campaign on LinkedIn ads and get a 250 credit for the next one. Just go to linkedin.com slash broadcast. That's linkedin.com slash broadcast. Terms and conditions apply.

From the publisher

Will Bain wraps up a big week in the AI race. Elsewhere, he hears what new tariffs could mean for British steel and asks what the future holds for Netflix.

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